即时合成层状双氢氧化物去除胭脂红模拟废水的研究
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摘要
本文利用层状双氢氧化物(LDH)合成原理，提出了即时合成LDH处理色素废水的新方法，并对其可行性进行了实验研究。设计了不同的初始浓度、pH值、温度、时间，考察对单因素对即时合成LDH的影响。通过正交实验，确定最佳实验条件；探讨了插层后的层状结构、晶胞参数的变化；将改性后的LDH制作成PE混合材料，测定其阻燃性能以及混合材料的力学性能。
结果表明：实验合成样品的XRD图谱衍射峰强度高，结晶度较好，结构规整性强，晶粒具有层状结构特征，pH值、温度、胭脂红初始浓度和镁铝比对胭脂红去除率的影响较大。正交实验表明最佳的反应条件为：pH=9，Mg／Al比为3，温度40℃，反应时间2h，该条件下胭脂红的去除率可以达到99％以上。根据LDH层间距和胭脂红离子的几何尺度，推算出胭脂红阴离子在LDH层间的配置方式为单层平卧。随着Mg／Al-LDH添加量的增加，LDH／PE体系的阻燃性能、拉伸强度、氧指数不断提高，可作为阻燃材料使用。LDH作为阻燃剂的大量加入会使材料加工性能变差。
The research was to study the efficiency and factors impacting of removal Ponceau-4R anions from Simulated wastewater by layer double hydroxide synthesized in situ. Most experiments are focus on those aspects as follows: discusse the influence of initial concentration, pH value, temperature, Mg/Al ratio for the Mg~(2+) and Al~(3+) co-precipitates reaction; Make orthogonal experiments to find the best conditions. Discusse changes of layered structural characterization of intercalated LDH synthesized in situ and the lattice parameters; flame retardants composite materials were prepared by adding intercalated LDH to PE, the effects of the flame retardant nanomaterials on PE were investigated. The mechanism was discussed.
The result shows: intensity of diffraction peak of LDH synthesized in situ is high, crystallization and layered structural characterization is good, the nanometer micro-crystals show layered structural characterization. The influence of initial concentration, pH value, temperature, Mg/Al ratio for the Mg~(2+) and Al~(3+) co-precipitates reaction are remarkable. Results of orthogonal experiments and R-analysis indicate that best experimental condition to remove Ponceau 4R from wastewater is pH value 9, Mg/Al ratio 3, temperature 40°C, time of reaction is 4h. In this condition the removal rate of Ponceau 4R can amounts up to 99%. In according to H lattice parameters of LDH and geometry size of Ponceau 4R molecule, calculation shows Ponceau 4R molecule is monolayer in intercalation process of LDH. As additions of LDH increased in flame retardants composite materials, the performance of anti-burning, elongate intensity and LOI became higher, but its material process became worse. It can be used for flame retardants.
结果表明：实验合成样品的XRD图谱衍射峰强度高，结晶度较好，结构规整性强，晶粒具有层状结构特征，pH值、温度、胭脂红初始浓度和镁铝比对胭脂红去除率的影响较大。正交实验表明最佳的反应条件为：pH=9，Mg／Al比为3，温度40℃，反应时间2h，该条件下胭脂红的去除率可以达到99％以上。根据LDH层间距和胭脂红离子的几何尺度，推算出胭脂红阴离子在LDH层间的配置方式为单层平卧。随着Mg／Al-LDH添加量的增加，LDH／PE体系的阻燃性能、拉伸强度、氧指数不断提高，可作为阻燃材料使用。LDH作为阻燃剂的大量加入会使材料加工性能变差。
The research was to study the efficiency and factors impacting of removal Ponceau-4R anions from Simulated wastewater by layer double hydroxide synthesized in situ. Most experiments are focus on those aspects as follows: discusse the influence of initial concentration, pH value, temperature, Mg/Al ratio for the Mg~(2+) and Al~(3+) co-precipitates reaction; Make orthogonal experiments to find the best conditions. Discusse changes of layered structural characterization of intercalated LDH synthesized in situ and the lattice parameters; flame retardants composite materials were prepared by adding intercalated LDH to PE, the effects of the flame retardant nanomaterials on PE were investigated. The mechanism was discussed.
The result shows: intensity of diffraction peak of LDH synthesized in situ is high, crystallization and layered structural characterization is good, the nanometer micro-crystals show layered structural characterization. The influence of initial concentration, pH value, temperature, Mg/Al ratio for the Mg~(2+) and Al~(3+) co-precipitates reaction are remarkable. Results of orthogonal experiments and R-analysis indicate that best experimental condition to remove Ponceau 4R from wastewater is pH value 9, Mg/Al ratio 3, temperature 40°C, time of reaction is 4h. In this condition the removal rate of Ponceau 4R can amounts up to 99%. In according to H lattice parameters of LDH and geometry size of Ponceau 4R molecule, calculation shows Ponceau 4R molecule is monolayer in intercalation process of LDH. As additions of LDH increased in flame retardants composite materials, the performance of anti-burning, elongate intensity and LOI became higher, but its material process became worse. It can be used for flame retardants.
引文
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