张弦梁（桁架）结构形状确定及静力性能分析
|
摘要
张弦梁结构是大跨空间结构中的一种,由于具有优良的受力特性,目前该类结构的研究和应用已经兴起。关于此类结构的研究主要集中于两个方面:结构的零状态形状确定和使用阶段受力性能分析,本文的研究工作也集中于此。
1、对张弦梁(桁架)结构的找形问题进行了深入研究,根据该类结构的受力特点,提出了分级卸载法,分别用于一端张拉和两端张拉施工方式的找形分析。该方法无需假定结构零状态几何,便可以一次得到对应于初状态(即预应力态)的结构施工放样尺寸(即零状态几何)。本文还通过分级加载对该方法的精度进行了检验。在此基础上,本文对比分析了不同施工张拉方式对结构零状态几何的影响,得出施工方式的不同不会影响结构零状态形状的结论。另外,本文对张拉过程中胎架与结构之间的摩擦力对成形的影响也进行了细致分析,发现在一定条件下,选用适当的施工控制原则,其对结构成形的影响可以忽略。本文参考郑州国际会议展览中心屋盖工程,将分级卸载法应用于张弦空间结构的零状态形状确定问题,发现分级卸载法对该类结构的找形同样适用。
2、分析了张弦梁(桁架)结构在使用阶段的静力性能,重点讨论了在常见的最不利工况下,初始预应力幅值、矢高比与垂跨比、拱截面惯性矩(桁架截面高度)和撑杆间距及数目等四个参数对张弦梁(桁架)结构静力性能的影响,得出了一些实用性结论供设计参考。
最后,在总结上述研究结果的基础上,本文对张弦梁(桁架)结构的设计、施工和进一步的研究工作提出了建议。
The beam (truss) string structure is a sort of long-span space structures. Because of its excellent static mechanical characteristics, it has been studied and used widely. At present, it mainly focuses on the research into form finding and static mechanical behavior of beam (truss) string structures. This paper is also aimed at the two issues.
In the paper the problem of form finding of the beam (truss) string structures is studied and the method named offload by steps is put forward in accordance with the mechanical behavior of the structures. The method is applicable to not only the beam (truss) string structures stretched at one end, but also to the structures stretched at both ends. The form of unstrained state can be found based on that of pre-stressed state straightly, i.e. it need not assume the form of unstrained state firstly by means of offload by steps approach, whose precision has been tested by the numerical solution of loading by steps. Furthermore, the forms of unstrained state relative to two different stretching construction methods are compared and it comes to the conclusion that the stretching patterns have no effect on the form of unstrained state. Besides, the friction force of tension bed has also been taken into account in the paper, and it shows that the influence of friction force on form finding can be neglected under certain conditions. The calculating model in reference to Zhengzhou International Center of Conference and Exhibition has been established, and the form related to the unstrained state has been found by offload by steps method. It means that the form finding method proposed in the paper is also applicable to the spatial string structures.
The effects of four parameters such as pre-stressed value of cable, rise-span ratio of arch and rag-span ratio of cable, moment of inertia of arch (height of truss section), and the number of struts, on static mechanical characteristics of the beam (truss) string structures are analyzed in the most disadvantage work condition. Finally, some available conclusions are achieved.
Based on the above research work, some suggestions of design, as well as of construction are put forward.
1、对张弦梁(桁架)结构的找形问题进行了深入研究,根据该类结构的受力特点,提出了分级卸载法,分别用于一端张拉和两端张拉施工方式的找形分析。该方法无需假定结构零状态几何,便可以一次得到对应于初状态(即预应力态)的结构施工放样尺寸(即零状态几何)。本文还通过分级加载对该方法的精度进行了检验。在此基础上,本文对比分析了不同施工张拉方式对结构零状态几何的影响,得出施工方式的不同不会影响结构零状态形状的结论。另外,本文对张拉过程中胎架与结构之间的摩擦力对成形的影响也进行了细致分析,发现在一定条件下,选用适当的施工控制原则,其对结构成形的影响可以忽略。本文参考郑州国际会议展览中心屋盖工程,将分级卸载法应用于张弦空间结构的零状态形状确定问题,发现分级卸载法对该类结构的找形同样适用。
2、分析了张弦梁(桁架)结构在使用阶段的静力性能,重点讨论了在常见的最不利工况下,初始预应力幅值、矢高比与垂跨比、拱截面惯性矩(桁架截面高度)和撑杆间距及数目等四个参数对张弦梁(桁架)结构静力性能的影响,得出了一些实用性结论供设计参考。
最后,在总结上述研究结果的基础上,本文对张弦梁(桁架)结构的设计、施工和进一步的研究工作提出了建议。
The beam (truss) string structure is a sort of long-span space structures. Because of its excellent static mechanical characteristics, it has been studied and used widely. At present, it mainly focuses on the research into form finding and static mechanical behavior of beam (truss) string structures. This paper is also aimed at the two issues.
In the paper the problem of form finding of the beam (truss) string structures is studied and the method named offload by steps is put forward in accordance with the mechanical behavior of the structures. The method is applicable to not only the beam (truss) string structures stretched at one end, but also to the structures stretched at both ends. The form of unstrained state can be found based on that of pre-stressed state straightly, i.e. it need not assume the form of unstrained state firstly by means of offload by steps approach, whose precision has been tested by the numerical solution of loading by steps. Furthermore, the forms of unstrained state relative to two different stretching construction methods are compared and it comes to the conclusion that the stretching patterns have no effect on the form of unstrained state. Besides, the friction force of tension bed has also been taken into account in the paper, and it shows that the influence of friction force on form finding can be neglected under certain conditions. The calculating model in reference to Zhengzhou International Center of Conference and Exhibition has been established, and the form related to the unstrained state has been found by offload by steps method. It means that the form finding method proposed in the paper is also applicable to the spatial string structures.
The effects of four parameters such as pre-stressed value of cable, rise-span ratio of arch and rag-span ratio of cable, moment of inertia of arch (height of truss section), and the number of struts, on static mechanical characteristics of the beam (truss) string structures are analyzed in the most disadvantage work condition. Finally, some available conclusions are achieved.
Based on the above research work, some suggestions of design, as well as of construction are put forward.
引文
[1-1]M.Saitoh. Hybrid Form-Resistance Structure, Shell, Membrane and Space Frame[J]. Pro.IASS Symposium, Osaka, 1986(2): 257-264
[1-2]董石麟. 预应力大跨度空间钢结构的应用与展望[J]. 浙江建筑,2002(增刊):1-10
[1-3]刘开国. 大跨度张弦梁式结构的分析[J]. 空间结构,2001,7(2):39-43,53
[1-4]浙江大学建筑工程学院,浙江大学建筑设计研究院. 空间结构[M]. 北京:中国计划出版社,2003. 39-53
[1-5]白正仙,刘锡良,李义生. 新型空间结构形式——张弦梁结构[J]. 空间结构,2001,7(2):33-38
[1-6]汪大绥,张富林,高承勇,等. 上海浦东国际机场(一期工程)航站楼钢结构研究与设计[J]. 建筑结构学报,1999,20(2):2-8
[1-7]孙文波. 广州国际会展中心大跨度张弦梁的设计探讨[J]. 建筑结构,2002,32(2):54-56
[1-8]陈汉翔. 大跨度张弦梁结构受力性能的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文]. 广州:华南理工大学土木工程学院,2003
[1-9]蒋剑锋. 平面预应力索拱结构的性能分析和优化设计[D]:[硕士学位论文]. 南京:东南大学土木工程学院,2003
[1-10]李维滨. 超大跨度预应力张弦桁架结构设计与施工若干问题研究[D]:[博士学位论文]. 南京:东南大学土木工程学院,2004
[1-11]张其林. 索和膜结构[M]. 上海:同济大学出版社,2002. 71-77
[1-12]张其林,张莉,等. 预应力梁—索屋盖形状确定[C]. 见:第九届空间结构学术会议论文集. 萧山:2000. 387-394
[1-13]杨睿,董石麟,倪英戈. 预应力张弦梁结构的形态分析—改进的逆迭代法[J]. 空间结构,2002,8(4):29-35
[1-14]陈汉翔. 平面张弦梁结构的计算分析[J]. 广东土木与建筑,2002(10):9-12
[1-15]刘锡良,白正仙. 张弦梁结构的有限元分析. [J] 空间结构,1998,4(4):15-21
[1-16]白正仙,刘锡良,李义生. 单榀张弦梁结构各因数的影响分析[J]. 钢结构,2001,16(3):42-46
[1-17]刘锡良,白正仙. 张弦梁结构受力性能的分析[J]. 钢结构,1998,13(4):4-8
[1-18]陈汉翔,舒宣武. 预应力值对张弦梁结构受力性能的影响分析[J]. 华南理工大学学报,2003,31(5):79-84
[2-1]张其林. 索和膜结构[M]. 上海:同济大学出版社,2002. 71-77
[2-2]张其林,张莉,罗晓群. 预应力索屋盖结构的形状确定[J]. 同济大学学报,2000,28(增刊):379-382
[2-3]张其林,张莉,等. 预应力梁—索屋盖形状确定[C]. 见:第九届空间结构学术会议论文集. 萧山:2000. 387-394
[2-4]杨睿,董石麟,倪英戈. 预应力张弦梁结构的形态分析—改进的逆迭代法[J]. 空间结构,2002,8(4):29-35
[2-5]李维滨. 超大跨度预应力张弦桁架结构设计与施工若干问题研究[D]:[博士学位论文]. 南京:东南大学土木工程学院,2004
[2-6]江见鲸,宋昆仑,傅德炫. 土建工程实用程序选编[M]. 北京:地震出版社,1992. 16-19,27-34
[2-7]曾小飞. 悬索结构初始形状确定及优化[D]:[硕士学位论文]. 南京:东南大学土木工程学院,2004
[2-8]沈世钊,徐崇宝,赵臣. 悬索结构设计[M]. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997. 146-149
[3-1]陈汉翔. 大跨度张弦梁结构受力性能的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文]. 广州:华南理工大学土木工程学院,2003
[3-2]陈汉翔,舒宣武. 预应力值对张弦梁结构受力性能的影响分析[J]. 华南理工大学学报,2003,31(5):79-84
[3-3]蒋剑锋. 平面预应力索拱结构的性能分析和优化设计[D]:[硕士学位论文]. 南京:东南大学土木工程学院,2003
[3-4]陈荣毅,董石麟,孙文波. 大跨度预应力张弦桁架结构的设计与分析[J]. 空间结构,2003,9(1):45-47
[1-2]董石麟. 预应力大跨度空间钢结构的应用与展望[J]. 浙江建筑,2002(增刊):1-10
[1-3]刘开国. 大跨度张弦梁式结构的分析[J]. 空间结构,2001,7(2):39-43,53
[1-4]浙江大学建筑工程学院,浙江大学建筑设计研究院. 空间结构[M]. 北京:中国计划出版社,2003. 39-53
[1-5]白正仙,刘锡良,李义生. 新型空间结构形式——张弦梁结构[J]. 空间结构,2001,7(2):33-38
[1-6]汪大绥,张富林,高承勇,等. 上海浦东国际机场(一期工程)航站楼钢结构研究与设计[J]. 建筑结构学报,1999,20(2):2-8
[1-7]孙文波. 广州国际会展中心大跨度张弦梁的设计探讨[J]. 建筑结构,2002,32(2):54-56
[1-8]陈汉翔. 大跨度张弦梁结构受力性能的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文]. 广州:华南理工大学土木工程学院,2003
[1-9]蒋剑锋. 平面预应力索拱结构的性能分析和优化设计[D]:[硕士学位论文]. 南京:东南大学土木工程学院,2003
[1-10]李维滨. 超大跨度预应力张弦桁架结构设计与施工若干问题研究[D]:[博士学位论文]. 南京:东南大学土木工程学院,2004
[1-11]张其林. 索和膜结构[M]. 上海:同济大学出版社,2002. 71-77
[1-12]张其林,张莉,等. 预应力梁—索屋盖形状确定[C]. 见:第九届空间结构学术会议论文集. 萧山:2000. 387-394
[1-13]杨睿,董石麟,倪英戈. 预应力张弦梁结构的形态分析—改进的逆迭代法[J]. 空间结构,2002,8(4):29-35
[1-14]陈汉翔. 平面张弦梁结构的计算分析[J]. 广东土木与建筑,2002(10):9-12
[1-15]刘锡良,白正仙. 张弦梁结构的有限元分析. [J] 空间结构,1998,4(4):15-21
[1-16]白正仙,刘锡良,李义生. 单榀张弦梁结构各因数的影响分析[J]. 钢结构,2001,16(3):42-46
[1-17]刘锡良,白正仙. 张弦梁结构受力性能的分析[J]. 钢结构,1998,13(4):4-8
[1-18]陈汉翔,舒宣武. 预应力值对张弦梁结构受力性能的影响分析[J]. 华南理工大学学报,2003,31(5):79-84
[2-1]张其林. 索和膜结构[M]. 上海:同济大学出版社,2002. 71-77
[2-2]张其林,张莉,罗晓群. 预应力索屋盖结构的形状确定[J]. 同济大学学报,2000,28(增刊):379-382
[2-3]张其林,张莉,等. 预应力梁—索屋盖形状确定[C]. 见:第九届空间结构学术会议论文集. 萧山:2000. 387-394
[2-4]杨睿,董石麟,倪英戈. 预应力张弦梁结构的形态分析—改进的逆迭代法[J]. 空间结构,2002,8(4):29-35
[2-5]李维滨. 超大跨度预应力张弦桁架结构设计与施工若干问题研究[D]:[博士学位论文]. 南京:东南大学土木工程学院,2004
[2-6]江见鲸,宋昆仑,傅德炫. 土建工程实用程序选编[M]. 北京:地震出版社,1992. 16-19,27-34
[2-7]曾小飞. 悬索结构初始形状确定及优化[D]:[硕士学位论文]. 南京:东南大学土木工程学院,2004
[2-8]沈世钊,徐崇宝,赵臣. 悬索结构设计[M]. 北京:中国建筑工业出版社,1997. 146-149
[3-1]陈汉翔. 大跨度张弦梁结构受力性能的研究[D]:[硕士学位论文]. 广州:华南理工大学土木工程学院,2003
[3-2]陈汉翔,舒宣武. 预应力值对张弦梁结构受力性能的影响分析[J]. 华南理工大学学报,2003,31(5):79-84
[3-3]蒋剑锋. 平面预应力索拱结构的性能分析和优化设计[D]:[硕士学位论文]. 南京:东南大学土木工程学院,2003
[3-4]陈荣毅,董石麟,孙文波. 大跨度预应力张弦桁架结构的设计与分析[J]. 空间结构,2003,9(1):45-47
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |