用户名: 密码: 验证码:
真空镀膜机器人运动控制系统的研究
详细信息    本馆镜像全文|  推荐本文 |  |   获取CNKI官网全文
摘要
机器人技术综合了多学科的发展成果,代表了高技术的前沿,它在人类生活中的应用不断扩大。本文在广泛研究了机器人技术的现状与发展趋势、目前机器人控制器的技术特点与存在问题的基础上,根据课题研制的要求,提出了机器人设计方案,对其控制系统的硬件与软件进行了设计与开发。
     文章介绍了机器人的机械结构、关节运动参数、机器人系统组成与特点、以及机器人控制系统的结构和原理。该机器人控制系统为二级控制结构,分为机器人上位控制计算机(上位机)和伺服控制器(下位机)两部分。上位控制计算机实现系统的监控、运动控制算法以及人机交互功能;伺服控制器又分为以DSP(PMAC)为核心的运动控制器和伺服驱动控制器两部分,它与上位机软件相结合,对机器人六个轴进行插补运算和伺服控制,通过PCI总线,实现上位机和下位机之间的通讯。文章重点分为两部分:第一部分是基于DSP的运动控制板的原理分析、实现运动控制的方法、以及PID参数的整定;第二部分是机器人运动控制算法包括逆运动学与轨迹规划插补算法的研究以及下位机软件结构的分析。运行结果表明,本课题的研制达到了机器人控制实验项目的设计要求。
The robot technology has colligated the development fruits of many subjects. It represents the frontal of the high tech, and the application of it in human life has enlarged more and more . On the basis of the widely study on the actuality and the development trend of the robot technology, and the research on the present technology characteristics and existing problems of the robot controller, the author puts forward the control tactic and the design, and does the design and development of the hardware and the software of the control system .
    In the paper the robot mechanical structure, the locomotion parameters of the joints, the composing and traits of the robot system, and the structure and the theory of the robot control system are introduced . The robot control system is of two-rank control structure, the upper control computer (upper computer) and the servo controller (lower controller). The upper control computer realizes the monitor of the system, locomotion control arithmetic, and human-computer interaction. The servo controller is also divided into two parts, the locomotion controller with the DSP (PMAC) as the core and the servo drive controller. The servo controller combined with the upper computer software dose the interpolation operation and servo control of the three joints, and realizes the communication of the lower controller and the upper computer via the PCI data bus .The paper can be divided into two main parts. The first part is based on the principle analysis of the DSP locomotion controller. In this part the realizing method of the locomotion control and the PID parameter adjustment are introduced. The second part is mainly on the study and the deduction of the robot kinematics control arithmetic including the inverse kinematics and trajectory programming, and the software structure analysis of the lower controller. The running results indicate that this project has met the needs of the item of the robot control laboratory.
引文
1 霍伟.机器人动力学与控制.高等教育出版社,2004
    2 余达太、马香峰等.工业机器人应用工程.冶金工业出版社,1999
    3 北京元茂兴控制设备技术有限公司 PMAC硬件手册
    4 闰砺锋.运动控制技术研究及运动控制板开发.四川大学硕士学位论文,2001
    5 杨新刚.弧焊机器人结构设计与运动学轨迹规划研究.西安理工大学硕士学位论文,2005
    6 熊有伦等.机器人学.机械工业出版社,1993
    7 蒋新松.机器人与工业自动化.河北教育出版社,2003.4
    8 蔡自兴.机器人学.清华大学出版社,2000
    9 于燕秋.一种6R机器人的位置反解与运动仿真.中国机械工程,第14卷第24期,2003.12
    10 田相克.PMAC多轴运动控制器.兰州理工大学硕士学位论文,2004
    11 吴祖育,童劲松,陆志强.柔性自动化核心技术的展望—开放式数控系统.机电产品开发与创新,2000.5
    12 Craig,John J., Introduction to Robotics: Mechanics and Control, 2d Edition, Addison Wesley, 1989
    13 李波,黄伟忠,王太勇.基于多轴运动控制器的开放性数控系统研究.精密制造与自动化,2003(增刊)
    14 Cong Ming, Zhou Yumin and Jiang Ying, An Automated Wafer-handling System Based on the Integrated Circuit Equipments, IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Biomimetics, Hong Kong and Macau, China, 2005
    15 王小忠,孟正大.机器人运动规划方法的研究.控制工程,2004.5
    16 王天然,曲道奎.工业机器人控制系统的开放体系结构.机器人,2002.5
    17 陶永华,尹怡欣.新型PID控制及其应用.机械工业出版社,1998
    18 Mike Tao Zhang, Dimitri Kambouridis, Tom Wahl et al. Fixture-Based Industrial Robot Calibration for Silicon Wafer Handling.
    19 Eman, K. F., Soo-Hun, and J. C. Cesarone, Trajectories, International Encyclope-dia of Robotics: Application and Automation, Richad C. Doff, Editor, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1988, pp. 1796-1810.
    20 谢敬华,串并联聚焦超声机器人控制系统的研究与开发:(硕士学位论文)。武汉:华中科技大学,2003。
    21 任偲,刘晋。第六讲操纵机电一体化系统——PMAC运动程序及PLC程序编写。制造技术与机床,2002(10):53-54。
    22 赖国庭,吴玉厚,富大伟。基于PMAC的直线电机速度加速度前馈控制。控制工程。2003(6):555-557。
    23 杨更更,叶佩青,杨开明等。基于PMAC的数控系统PID参数自适应调节。机械工程师,2002(4):13-15。
    24 G. P .Liu, S. Daley. Optimal-tuning PID control for industrial systems. Control Engineering Practice, 2001, 9(11): 1185—1194.
    25 Craig, John J., Introduction to Robotics: Mechanics and Control, 2d Edition, Addison Wesley, 1989.
    26 PEWIN32 Software Manual, DELTATAU Data Systems, Inc.
    27 Lee K M. et al. Dynamic Analysis of a Three-Degree-of Freedom In-Parallel Actuated Manipulator, IEEE J of Robotics and Automation, 1998,4(2): 361-367.
    28 方一鸣,增量式脉冲编码器在绝对位置检测中的应用.自动化仪表,1994,15(8):21-23。
    29 韩军,郝立.机器人关节空间的轨迹规划及仿真.南京理工大学学报,2000,24(6):540-543。

© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号

地址:北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编:100083

电话:办公室:(+86 10)66554848;文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新:66554700