葡萄花油田北部地区葡Ⅰ油组储层非均质性研究
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摘要
葡萄花油田北部地区发育典型的窄薄砂岩油藏。研究区目的层纵向剖面上砂泥岩薄互层的特点非常突出,物性差异大,层间、层内、平面非均质性严重。目前油田综合含水达到88.52%,进入了高含水开发期,随着含水的继续上升,层间、层内、平面非均质矛盾更加突出。针对现阶段油田开发所暴露出来的矛盾和问题,本文在充分消化、吸收前人研究成果的基础上,综合利用地质、测井、生产动态等资料,开展了密井网条件下油层微构造研究;以沉积单元为单位,从层内、层间、平面、微观及三维空间等多方面对储层非均质性进行了研究;应用储层非均质综合指数定量表征了油藏非均质特征;阐明了低效无效循环体和储层非均质性与剩余油的关系,最终找出该区剩余油富集区,为局部加密扩边挖潜及水驱调整提供地质依据。
通过研究,得出以下结论与认识:(1)以沉积单元为单位,从层内对非均质特征进行了研究,表明葡Ⅰ油组6-9砂层组非均质性最强,1-5砂层组次之,10-11砂层组相对较弱。(2)平面非均质特征明显受沉积微相带的控制,从水下分流主河道、主体席状砂、水下分流浅河道、非主体席状砂、废弃河道到河道间薄层砂物性逐渐变差,在这些微相内部,从主体部位向非主体部位又进一步变差。(3)非均质研究结果表明,岩相单元细分后,单井纵向上储层物性差异较大,层间非均质较为严重,总结了该地区五种层间非均质模式,指出了其非均质强弱程度。(4)在经过对研究区隔层特征的研究,认为除少数井点上下连通外,各个沉积单元间的隔层基本全区分布,能够将各沉积单元划分成独立的油水运动单元和达到对单层注水的控制,共划分出两个一级隔层,两个二级隔层,六个三级隔层,十五个四级隔层。(5)经过对夹层分布的研究,认为其分布的不均一性强,夹层较发育的区域水淹强度弱于夹层较不发育的区域,通过对两口井的分析,认为夹层较发育的井水淹速度慢而使生产寿命延长。(6)通过应用非均质综合指数研究剩余油的分布,表明综合指数介于0.5-0.7的部位剩余油最为富集。(7)在非均质性分析的基础上,结合动态生产资料,分析了研究区低效无效循环的形成原因及表现方式,提出了判断的步骤,划分了低效无效循环体的类型,并找出该地区10口井具有注水延大孔道突进的现象。(8)根据不同的非均质特征找出了相对应剩余油特征的井,并提出了相应的挖潜措施,取得了较好的结果。
Putaohua oil field is characterized by narrow and thin sand reservoir. it turns out that the sand body is narrow and small, and distributes messily, and characters with high mud and calcium, and the physics property of oil bed is more different, the heterogeneity is intensive. Now the water cut reaches 88.52%, the oil field has come into the high stage of development. As the increment of the water cut and the decrease of the yield, the heterogeneity is getting more and more intensive. Based on the question and the contradiction in the development of the oil field. And the information of geology and well logs and was used. And from macroscopy to microscopy, from singleness to integration, the heterogeneity integrative index was acted in the reservoir characterization. And we analyzed heterogeneity from several aspects and combining dynamic and static state, by that I found out that the control effect to the remaining oil of the heterogeneity, predict the remaining oil district, in the end it can provide scientific evidence for the following program of the oil field.
From above analysis, we conclude that: (1) PuⅠ6-9 sand beds group is the most heterogeneitic, PuⅠ1-5 sand beds group is more heterogeneitic, PuⅠ10-11 sand beds group is the lowest heterogeneitic. (2)The plane heterogeneity is determined by the sedimentary faces, from the main river channel to the thin sand body between the channel, the heterogeneity is gradually decline.(3)The interlayer heterogeneity of is serious, and I concluded five interlayer heterogeneity model, and point out the degree of the interlayer heterogeneity.(4)By analysis, the interlayer is so steady that it can divide the bed into independent oil and water unit except for some wells, the distribution of the interlayer spread abroad. I divided the interlayer into four different kinds which includes 25 interlayers in all. (5)The interlayer enhanced the heterogeneity of the reservoir, By the analysis of two wells, I concluded that the internal interlayer of the flooded well can prevent the water injection so that it can prolong the age of the well. (6) By use of the integrative index of heterogeneity, it turns out that the bound of the heterogeneity integrative index of area of the remaining oil is mainly between 0.5 to 0.7.(7) The injecting water penetrated the big hole, which resulted in the low efficiency and inefficacy circulation body. I concluded the cause and the behave of the low efficiency and inefficacy circulation body. Based on the heterogeneity, I concluded four kinds of the low efficiency and inefficacy circulation body. I found 10 well groups which has the phenomena of the low efficiency and inefficacy circulation. (8) From the heterogeneity, I took action about remaining oil, and obtained good results.
通过研究,得出以下结论与认识:(1)以沉积单元为单位,从层内对非均质特征进行了研究,表明葡Ⅰ油组6-9砂层组非均质性最强,1-5砂层组次之,10-11砂层组相对较弱。(2)平面非均质特征明显受沉积微相带的控制,从水下分流主河道、主体席状砂、水下分流浅河道、非主体席状砂、废弃河道到河道间薄层砂物性逐渐变差,在这些微相内部,从主体部位向非主体部位又进一步变差。(3)非均质研究结果表明,岩相单元细分后,单井纵向上储层物性差异较大,层间非均质较为严重,总结了该地区五种层间非均质模式,指出了其非均质强弱程度。(4)在经过对研究区隔层特征的研究,认为除少数井点上下连通外,各个沉积单元间的隔层基本全区分布,能够将各沉积单元划分成独立的油水运动单元和达到对单层注水的控制,共划分出两个一级隔层,两个二级隔层,六个三级隔层,十五个四级隔层。(5)经过对夹层分布的研究,认为其分布的不均一性强,夹层较发育的区域水淹强度弱于夹层较不发育的区域,通过对两口井的分析,认为夹层较发育的井水淹速度慢而使生产寿命延长。(6)通过应用非均质综合指数研究剩余油的分布,表明综合指数介于0.5-0.7的部位剩余油最为富集。(7)在非均质性分析的基础上,结合动态生产资料,分析了研究区低效无效循环的形成原因及表现方式,提出了判断的步骤,划分了低效无效循环体的类型,并找出该地区10口井具有注水延大孔道突进的现象。(8)根据不同的非均质特征找出了相对应剩余油特征的井,并提出了相应的挖潜措施,取得了较好的结果。
Putaohua oil field is characterized by narrow and thin sand reservoir. it turns out that the sand body is narrow and small, and distributes messily, and characters with high mud and calcium, and the physics property of oil bed is more different, the heterogeneity is intensive. Now the water cut reaches 88.52%, the oil field has come into the high stage of development. As the increment of the water cut and the decrease of the yield, the heterogeneity is getting more and more intensive. Based on the question and the contradiction in the development of the oil field. And the information of geology and well logs and was used. And from macroscopy to microscopy, from singleness to integration, the heterogeneity integrative index was acted in the reservoir characterization. And we analyzed heterogeneity from several aspects and combining dynamic and static state, by that I found out that the control effect to the remaining oil of the heterogeneity, predict the remaining oil district, in the end it can provide scientific evidence for the following program of the oil field.
From above analysis, we conclude that: (1) PuⅠ6-9 sand beds group is the most heterogeneitic, PuⅠ1-5 sand beds group is more heterogeneitic, PuⅠ10-11 sand beds group is the lowest heterogeneitic. (2)The plane heterogeneity is determined by the sedimentary faces, from the main river channel to the thin sand body between the channel, the heterogeneity is gradually decline.(3)The interlayer heterogeneity of is serious, and I concluded five interlayer heterogeneity model, and point out the degree of the interlayer heterogeneity.(4)By analysis, the interlayer is so steady that it can divide the bed into independent oil and water unit except for some wells, the distribution of the interlayer spread abroad. I divided the interlayer into four different kinds which includes 25 interlayers in all. (5)The interlayer enhanced the heterogeneity of the reservoir, By the analysis of two wells, I concluded that the internal interlayer of the flooded well can prevent the water injection so that it can prolong the age of the well. (6) By use of the integrative index of heterogeneity, it turns out that the bound of the heterogeneity integrative index of area of the remaining oil is mainly between 0.5 to 0.7.(7) The injecting water penetrated the big hole, which resulted in the low efficiency and inefficacy circulation body. I concluded the cause and the behave of the low efficiency and inefficacy circulation body. Based on the heterogeneity, I concluded four kinds of the low efficiency and inefficacy circulation body. I found 10 well groups which has the phenomena of the low efficiency and inefficacy circulation. (8) From the heterogeneity, I took action about remaining oil, and obtained good results.
引文
[1]裘亦楠,薛叔浩.油气储层评价技术[M].修订版.北京:石油工业出版社,2001.
[2] Miall A D. Architectural-element analysis: a new method of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposites [J]. Earth Science Review, 1985, 22: 261~308.
[3] MⅠall A D. Reservoir heterogeneities in fluvial sandstone: Lessons from outcrop studies [J]. AAPG, 1988, 72(6): 682~697.
[4] Douglas W. Jordan and Wayne A. Pryor. Hierarchical levels of heterogeneity in a Mississippi river meander belt and application to reservoir systems [J]. AAPG, 1992, 76(10): 1601~1624.
[5]赵翰卿,付志国,吕晓光等.大型河流—三角洲沉积储层精细描述方法[J].石油学报, 2000, 21(4): 109~113.
[6]金强.用生产井信息确定储层非均质性[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1999,23(2):18-21.
[7]廖新维,沈平平,杨永智.利用试井信息确定储集层非均质性[J].石油勘探与开发, 2004, 31(增): 100~102.
[8]程时清,陈平中.利用试井压力描述储层非均质性[J].石油与天然气地质,1995,16(3):285-289.
[9]钟广法,邬宁芬.成岩岩相分析:一种全新的成岩非均质性研究方法[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(5):62-66.
[10]辛长静,何幼斌,董桂玉.毛管压力曲线在储层微观非均质性研究中的应用[J].河南石油,2006,20(3):146-150.
[11]路杨,单敬福.利用神经网络技术在储层非均质性上的研究[J].江苏地质,2007, 31(1):50-58.
[12]刘泽容,杜庆龙.应用变差函数定量研究储层非均质性[J].地质论评,1993,39(4):297-301.
[13]杨少春.储层非均质性定量研究的新方法[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2000,24(1):53-56.
[14]岳大力,林承焰,吴胜和等.储层非均质定量表征方法在礁灰岩油田开发中的应用[J].石油学报,2004,25(5):75-79.
[15]高树新,杨少春,胡洪波等.胜坨油田21断块沙二段储层非均质性定量表征[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(5):10-13.
[16]杨少春,杨兆林,胡红波.熵权非均质综合指数算法及其应用[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2004,28(1):18-21.
[17]尹太举,张昌民,李中超等.濮城油田沙三中层序格架内储层非均质性研究.石油学报, 2003, 24(5),134-139.
[18]孙孟茹,刘文业著.河流三角洲储层油藏动态模型和剩余油分布[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.
[19]杨少春,王瑞丽.不同开发时期砂岩油藏储层非均质三维模型特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(5).
[20]常学军,郝建明,郑家朋.平面非均质边水驱油藏来水方向诊断和调整[J].石油学报,2004,25(4):58-66.
[21]汪立君,陈新军.储层非均质性对剩余油分布的影响[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(2):71-73.
[22]窦之林,董春梅,林承焰.孤东油田七区中馆4—馆6砂层组储层非均质性及其对剩余油分布的控制作用[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2002,26(1):8-15.
[23]黄书先,张超谟.孔隙结构非均质性对剩余油分布的影响[J].江汉石油学院学报,2003,26(3):124-125.
[24]李兴国.油层微型构造对油井生产的控制作用[J].石油勘探与开发,1987, 14(2): 53~59
[25]李兴国.对油层微型构造的补充说明[J].石油勘探与开发, 1993, 20 (1): 83~89
[26]李兴国.应用微型构造和储层沉积微相研究油层剩余油分布,油气采收率技术,1994,1(1):68-80.
[27]吴胜和,熊琦华.油气储层地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998,155-172.
[28]裘怿楠.油气储层评价技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993,55-57.
[29]隋少强,宋丽红,赖生华.储层非均质性定量探讨[J].油气地质与采收率,2003,10(4):5-8.
[30]林承焰.剩余油形成与分布[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社, 2000: 39~44, 57~76
[31]张兴平,衣英杰,夏冰等.利用多种参数定量评价储层层间非均质性[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,14(4):56-58.
[32]赵春森,翟云芳,张大为.油藏非均质性的定量描述方法[J].石油学报, 1999, 20(5): 39~42
[33]张智春,刘广友,李拥安,等.孤岛油田河流相砂岩油藏储集层非均质性定量表征方法[J].石油勘探与开发, 2003, 30(5): 68~70
[34]李存贵,徐守余.长期注水开发油藏的孔隙结构变化规律[J].石油勘探与开发, 2003, 30(2): 94~96.
[35]黄福堂.油田注水开发过程中储层岩石表面性质变化因素研究[J].石油勘探与开发, 1985, 12(3): 45~50
[36]黄思静,杨永林,单钰铭,等.注水开发对砂岩储层孔隙结构影响[J].中国海上油气(地质), 2000, 14(2): 122~128
[37].钟大康,朱筱敏等.注水开发油藏高含水期大孔道发育特征及控制因素[J].石油勘探与开发.2007,34(2)
[38]徐洪东.窄小砂体油田注采系统调整技术研究[J].世界地质, 2001,20(2):148-154.
[2] Miall A D. Architectural-element analysis: a new method of facies analysis applied to fluvial deposites [J]. Earth Science Review, 1985, 22: 261~308.
[3] MⅠall A D. Reservoir heterogeneities in fluvial sandstone: Lessons from outcrop studies [J]. AAPG, 1988, 72(6): 682~697.
[4] Douglas W. Jordan and Wayne A. Pryor. Hierarchical levels of heterogeneity in a Mississippi river meander belt and application to reservoir systems [J]. AAPG, 1992, 76(10): 1601~1624.
[5]赵翰卿,付志国,吕晓光等.大型河流—三角洲沉积储层精细描述方法[J].石油学报, 2000, 21(4): 109~113.
[6]金强.用生产井信息确定储层非均质性[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,1999,23(2):18-21.
[7]廖新维,沈平平,杨永智.利用试井信息确定储集层非均质性[J].石油勘探与开发, 2004, 31(增): 100~102.
[8]程时清,陈平中.利用试井压力描述储层非均质性[J].石油与天然气地质,1995,16(3):285-289.
[9]钟广法,邬宁芬.成岩岩相分析:一种全新的成岩非均质性研究方法[J].石油勘探与开发,1997,24(5):62-66.
[10]辛长静,何幼斌,董桂玉.毛管压力曲线在储层微观非均质性研究中的应用[J].河南石油,2006,20(3):146-150.
[11]路杨,单敬福.利用神经网络技术在储层非均质性上的研究[J].江苏地质,2007, 31(1):50-58.
[12]刘泽容,杜庆龙.应用变差函数定量研究储层非均质性[J].地质论评,1993,39(4):297-301.
[13]杨少春.储层非均质性定量研究的新方法[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2000,24(1):53-56.
[14]岳大力,林承焰,吴胜和等.储层非均质定量表征方法在礁灰岩油田开发中的应用[J].石油学报,2004,25(5):75-79.
[15]高树新,杨少春,胡洪波等.胜坨油田21断块沙二段储层非均质性定量表征[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,11(5):10-13.
[16]杨少春,杨兆林,胡红波.熵权非均质综合指数算法及其应用[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2004,28(1):18-21.
[17]尹太举,张昌民,李中超等.濮城油田沙三中层序格架内储层非均质性研究.石油学报, 2003, 24(5),134-139.
[18]孙孟茹,刘文业著.河流三角洲储层油藏动态模型和剩余油分布[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.
[19]杨少春,王瑞丽.不同开发时期砂岩油藏储层非均质三维模型特征[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(5).
[20]常学军,郝建明,郑家朋.平面非均质边水驱油藏来水方向诊断和调整[J].石油学报,2004,25(4):58-66.
[21]汪立君,陈新军.储层非均质性对剩余油分布的影响[J].地质科技情报,2003,22(2):71-73.
[22]窦之林,董春梅,林承焰.孤东油田七区中馆4—馆6砂层组储层非均质性及其对剩余油分布的控制作用[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2002,26(1):8-15.
[23]黄书先,张超谟.孔隙结构非均质性对剩余油分布的影响[J].江汉石油学院学报,2003,26(3):124-125.
[24]李兴国.油层微型构造对油井生产的控制作用[J].石油勘探与开发,1987, 14(2): 53~59
[25]李兴国.对油层微型构造的补充说明[J].石油勘探与开发, 1993, 20 (1): 83~89
[26]李兴国.应用微型构造和储层沉积微相研究油层剩余油分布,油气采收率技术,1994,1(1):68-80.
[27]吴胜和,熊琦华.油气储层地质学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1998,155-172.
[28]裘怿楠.油气储层评价技术[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1993,55-57.
[29]隋少强,宋丽红,赖生华.储层非均质性定量探讨[J].油气地质与采收率,2003,10(4):5-8.
[30]林承焰.剩余油形成与分布[M].山东东营:石油大学出版社, 2000: 39~44, 57~76
[31]张兴平,衣英杰,夏冰等.利用多种参数定量评价储层层间非均质性[J].油气地质与采收率,2004,14(4):56-58.
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