偏心隔震结构平—扭耦联随机地震响应分析
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摘要
由于现代建筑结构的造型、布局形式的多变,结构的质量中心和刚度中心往往不重合,因此在地震作用下结构除发生平动外,还会产生平—扭耦联的扭转反应。理论分析与震害现象表明结构的扭转反应会加速偏心结构在地震作用下的破坏,在某些情况下甚至成为导致结构破坏的主要因素,因此引起了国内外学者的极大关注,并对此做了很多研究及探索。围绕这一问题,本文对隔震层为非线性的偏心隔震结构的结构响应进行了研究。
将结构看成串并联质点体系,用双线性刚度模型描述隔震层的非线性刚度,利用Matlab编制计算程序,分别对偏心隔震结构、偏心非隔震结构及非偏心非隔震结构进行了时程分析,并比较了三种结构动力响应的差异。
介绍了一种适合随机分析的非线性等效线性化方法,并用此方法对隔震支座的非线性刚度进行了等效线性化。将地震动加速度过程模拟成过滤白噪声模型(本文采用的是Kanai-Tajimi修正模型),利用等效线性刚度,应用虚拟激励法对非线性偏心隔震结构进行了随机分析,计算了结构响应的统计特征,并与偏心非隔震结构及非偏心非隔震结构的动力响应作了比较。
时程分析和随机分析的计算结果表明偏心会使结构基本周期减小,地震响应增大,并且地震的作用越大偏心引起的耦联响应越大。采用基础隔震可以减小结构的响应,而且对偏心结构的扭转效应同样具有消减作用,并且地震响应越大消减的幅度也越大。就减震效果来说,与非偏心结构相比,偏心结构的减震的效果有所下降。
Due to the various styles of modeling and overall arrangement of building structures, the mass centre of the structure and rigidity centre is always not coincident, so the translation-torsion coupling response may be induced under earthquake excitation by reason of structural eccentricities. Theory analysis and seismic disaster has shown that torsional response results in rapid destruction. In some cases, it even becomes the main factor causing the structural failure, so many researchers have focused increasing attention and efforts to this problem and significant progress has been made in this field. With regard to this point, the study on structural response of eccentric base-isolated structure is presented in this paper.The particle of structure is regarded as the series-parallel system, and the non-linear stiffness of the isolation layer is described as the bilinear model. Matlab software is adopted to compile the calculation program, through which, response of the eccentric structure, symmetry structure and eccentric isolated structure is analyzed with the time-process method separately, and then the dynamic response of the structures mentioned above is under comparison.This paper also presents an equivalent linearization method, which is available for random analyses and can be used to obtain the equivalent stiffness of isolation bearing. By simulating ground acceleration as filtering white noise excitation and using the equivalent stiffness, random analysis of non-linear eccentric isolated structure is performed through pseudo excitation method. The statistic characteristic of structural response is calculated to compare with that of non-isolated structures.The results of both time-process and random analysis show that the effect of eccentricity will reduce the dominant period and magnitude the dynamic response of the structure. Base isolation system can suppress the structural response as well as the torsional effect of eccentric isolated structure. Compared with symmetry structure, seismic mitigation extent of eccentric structure descends slightly.
将结构看成串并联质点体系,用双线性刚度模型描述隔震层的非线性刚度,利用Matlab编制计算程序,分别对偏心隔震结构、偏心非隔震结构及非偏心非隔震结构进行了时程分析,并比较了三种结构动力响应的差异。
介绍了一种适合随机分析的非线性等效线性化方法,并用此方法对隔震支座的非线性刚度进行了等效线性化。将地震动加速度过程模拟成过滤白噪声模型(本文采用的是Kanai-Tajimi修正模型),利用等效线性刚度,应用虚拟激励法对非线性偏心隔震结构进行了随机分析,计算了结构响应的统计特征,并与偏心非隔震结构及非偏心非隔震结构的动力响应作了比较。
时程分析和随机分析的计算结果表明偏心会使结构基本周期减小,地震响应增大,并且地震的作用越大偏心引起的耦联响应越大。采用基础隔震可以减小结构的响应,而且对偏心结构的扭转效应同样具有消减作用,并且地震响应越大消减的幅度也越大。就减震效果来说,与非偏心结构相比,偏心结构的减震的效果有所下降。
Due to the various styles of modeling and overall arrangement of building structures, the mass centre of the structure and rigidity centre is always not coincident, so the translation-torsion coupling response may be induced under earthquake excitation by reason of structural eccentricities. Theory analysis and seismic disaster has shown that torsional response results in rapid destruction. In some cases, it even becomes the main factor causing the structural failure, so many researchers have focused increasing attention and efforts to this problem and significant progress has been made in this field. With regard to this point, the study on structural response of eccentric base-isolated structure is presented in this paper.The particle of structure is regarded as the series-parallel system, and the non-linear stiffness of the isolation layer is described as the bilinear model. Matlab software is adopted to compile the calculation program, through which, response of the eccentric structure, symmetry structure and eccentric isolated structure is analyzed with the time-process method separately, and then the dynamic response of the structures mentioned above is under comparison.This paper also presents an equivalent linearization method, which is available for random analyses and can be used to obtain the equivalent stiffness of isolation bearing. By simulating ground acceleration as filtering white noise excitation and using the equivalent stiffness, random analysis of non-linear eccentric isolated structure is performed through pseudo excitation method. The statistic characteristic of structural response is calculated to compare with that of non-isolated structures.The results of both time-process and random analysis show that the effect of eccentricity will reduce the dominant period and magnitude the dynamic response of the structure. Base isolation system can suppress the structural response as well as the torsional effect of eccentric isolated structure. Compared with symmetry structure, seismic mitigation extent of eccentric structure descends slightly.
引文
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2.周福霖.工程结构减震控制[M].北京.地震出版社,1997.
3.吕西林,周德源,李思明,陈以一,陆浩亮等.建筑结构抗震设计理论与实例[M].上海:同济大学出版社,2002.
4.丰定国.工程结构抗震[M].北京.地震出版社.2002.
5.张俊发,杨迪雄,刘云贺,文波.空间非对称框架结构偏心扭转地震反应的控制[J].西安建筑科技大学学报,2002.3 4(4):349-353.
6.罗仁,何玉敖.地震作用下高层建筑平移扭转耦联振动的控制[J].建筑结构学报,1997.18(6):64-73.
7.李忠献,万家,姜忻良.高层建筑结构扭转耦合地震反应阻尼器控制试验研究.Journal of Vibration Engineering,1999.12(2):262-266.
8.仉国栋,王志国.高层建筑平移扭转耦联振动控制系统LTTMD的参数研究[J].工程抗震.2003.6(2):7-12.
9.武田寿一.纪晓惠,陈良,鄢宁译.建筑物隔震防振与控制[M].北京.中国建筑工业出版社,1997.
10.李桂青,曹洪,李秋胜,霍达.结构动力可靠性理论及其应用[M].地震出版社,1993.
11.郑忠双.结构随机响应分析及其动力可靠性研究现状及趋势[J].福建建筑2002.(1):25-28.
12.欧进萍,王光远.结构随机振动[M].高等教育出版社,1998.
13.杜永峰,林厚秦,李慧,张华英等.基于随机响应的隔震体系简化模型参数计算[J].兰州理工大学学报,2007.(录用)
14.朱位秋.随机振动[M].北京:科学出版社,1992.
15.王刚,魏新磊,赵彤.建筑物隔震技术在日本的研究发展和工程应用[J].世界地震工程.2001,17(4):7-12.
16.周福霖.我国结构隔震技术的发展应用和探讨[A].见:周福霖.工程结构隔震减震技术的新进展[C].北京:地震出版社,2004年:1-9
17.李中锡,周锡元.规则型隔震房屋的自振特性和地震反应分析方法[J]。建筑科学,2001,17(5):14-189.
18.林家浩.随机地震响应的确定性算法[J].地震工程与工程振动,1985,5(1):89-94.
19.白莉.阻尼墙结构和隔震结构的随机响应及可靠度[D].兰州理工大学硕士论文.2004.
20. Yongfeng Du, Hui Li and Billie F. Spencer Jr. Effect of non-proportional damping on seismic isolation[J]. Journal of Structural Control. 2002, 9: 205-236
21. Du, YF, Li, H and Spencer, BF, Jr. An Improved Maximum Response Estimation for 2-Dof Non-Proportionally Damped Isolated Structures [A]. In: Haiyan Hu. Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Vibration Engineering [C], Beijing: China Aviation Industry Press, 2002: 26-32
22. Du, Yongfeng, Li Hui, Spencer, Jr. Billie F. Effect of Non-Proportional Damping on Seismic Isolation[J]. Journal of Structural Control, 2002, 9(3): 205-236
23.杜永峰,赵国藩.隔震结构中非经典阻尼影响及最佳阻尼比分析[J].地震工程与工程振动,2000,20(3):100-107
24.夏亚峰,杜永峰,赵宝东.基于两参数损伤模型下剪切型结构抗震可靠性分析[J].甘肃工业大学学报,2003,29(2):113-116
25.杜永峰,白莉,夏亚峰等.小震下隔震结构的随机响应及失效概率分析[J].甘肃工业大学学报,2004,5
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