挤压铸造模具零部件的标准化研究
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摘要
随着机械工业的不断发展,对产品的品质和个性要求就越来越高,所以近年来挤压铸造这种先进的加工工艺已被广泛的应用和发展。模具的标准化状况能直接体现出模具技术的发展水平,也能方便模具的设计制作和提高模具加工精度,还能方便模具维修和延长模具的使用寿命,节省产品成本。但由于我国的模具工业整体起步较晚,在挤压铸造模具方面还尚无标准和规范,因此在现阶段做挤压铸造模具零部件的标准化研究工作有重要的现实意义。
本文主要参考了压铸模、塑料模和冲压模的标准化体系和其他大量资料后,用全新的观点和方法对挤压铸造模具零部件的标准化体系做了大量的前期研究工作,主要体现在以下几个方面:
1)本文简要的介绍了挤压铸造工艺的特点,并分析了发展挤压铸造模具标准化体系的必要性;
2)根据挤压铸造工艺特点,进行了分类。并总结了常用的挤压铸造模具的结构特点和结构形式,给出了每种结构形式的典型图类,以供设计者参考;
3)本文列出了挤压铸造模具所有的常用部件和通用部件标准结构形式,并用列出了每种零部件的尺寸标准,这些零部件包括压头、压套、分流锥、导柱、导套、导正销、固定板、模套、模板、模座、模柄、顶板、推杆、推管、卸料板、拉杆、斜销、弯销、斜键和导滑镶块等。初步实现了挤压铸造模具常用零部件的标准化体系;
4)为了方便对挤压铸造模具标准件的查找和搜索,本文采用HtmlHelpWorkshop帮助软件建立了一个专用挤压铸造模具标准件的查询系统,可以使用该系统直接快速查找所有标准件的结构形式和标准尺寸。
最后通过四个典型的挤压铸造模具设计实例,说明了发展挤压铸造模具标准化工作的必要性。挤压铸造模具标准化是一项具有深远意义的工作,需要所有从事挤压铸造技术的科技工作者和从业人员长期不断的努力,才能使挤压铸造模具标准化体系更加完善!
With the development of the machinery industry, people needs more and more high on product quality and personality. So that in recent years, the squeezing technology has been extensive application and development. The standardization of die can directly reflect the development level of the die technology .Also can facilitate the design of die and improve manufacture precision .Also can facilitate maintain the die and improve the useful life of die, and cost savings products. But because of our late start die industry as a whole, in the squeeze casting die also no standards and norms, and therefore at this stage to squeeze casting die standardized research has important practical significance.This text has refered to the standardization system of the die-casting die, plastic die and the pressing die, and other material, and has done a great deal of preliminary research work of the squeeze casting die standardization system using new ideas and methods. There is primarily reflected in the following aspects :l)This text has introduced squeeze casting process in brief, and analyzed the necessary of the development of the squeeze casting die standardization system;2) According to the characteristics of the squeeze casting process, I had classified it. And summed up the common structural characteristics and structural patterns of the squeeze casting die, and given each category a typical drawing for designers reference. Each structure has been set up a corresponding number. This text achieved initially the standardization of squeeze casting processes and the die structure;3) This article sets out the standardization structural patterns of all the commonly used components and generic components of squeeze casting die, and lists out standardization size of each component. These components include Compacting head, Compacting busher, Spread cone, Guiding post,
Bush,Guide pin, Fixed panels, Mould body, Mould plate, Mould holder, Shank, Top plate, Puncher, Thrust pipe, Floating platen, Tie bar, Oblique pin, Bends pin, Oblique key and Sliding panel board. Initially achieved the research work of the standardized system of squeeze casting die's commonly used parts .4) In order to facilitate the lookup and search of the standard parts of the squeeze casting die, the paper sets up a demanding system for the squeeze casting standard parts with HtmlHelp Workshop .The system can be used to directly find all standard structure patterns and the standard size.Finally, through four typical design examples of squeeze casting die, we can see the necessity of development the standardization of squeeze casting die. The standardization of squeeze casting die is a far-reaching work. So we need all the scientists and practitioners in the technology of squeeze casting continuing efforts, to make the standardization system of squeeze casting die more perfect!
本文主要参考了压铸模、塑料模和冲压模的标准化体系和其他大量资料后,用全新的观点和方法对挤压铸造模具零部件的标准化体系做了大量的前期研究工作,主要体现在以下几个方面:
1)本文简要的介绍了挤压铸造工艺的特点,并分析了发展挤压铸造模具标准化体系的必要性;
2)根据挤压铸造工艺特点,进行了分类。并总结了常用的挤压铸造模具的结构特点和结构形式,给出了每种结构形式的典型图类,以供设计者参考;
3)本文列出了挤压铸造模具所有的常用部件和通用部件标准结构形式,并用列出了每种零部件的尺寸标准,这些零部件包括压头、压套、分流锥、导柱、导套、导正销、固定板、模套、模板、模座、模柄、顶板、推杆、推管、卸料板、拉杆、斜销、弯销、斜键和导滑镶块等。初步实现了挤压铸造模具常用零部件的标准化体系;
4)为了方便对挤压铸造模具标准件的查找和搜索,本文采用HtmlHelpWorkshop帮助软件建立了一个专用挤压铸造模具标准件的查询系统,可以使用该系统直接快速查找所有标准件的结构形式和标准尺寸。
最后通过四个典型的挤压铸造模具设计实例,说明了发展挤压铸造模具标准化工作的必要性。挤压铸造模具标准化是一项具有深远意义的工作,需要所有从事挤压铸造技术的科技工作者和从业人员长期不断的努力,才能使挤压铸造模具标准化体系更加完善!
With the development of the machinery industry, people needs more and more high on product quality and personality. So that in recent years, the squeezing technology has been extensive application and development. The standardization of die can directly reflect the development level of the die technology .Also can facilitate the design of die and improve manufacture precision .Also can facilitate maintain the die and improve the useful life of die, and cost savings products. But because of our late start die industry as a whole, in the squeeze casting die also no standards and norms, and therefore at this stage to squeeze casting die standardized research has important practical significance.This text has refered to the standardization system of the die-casting die, plastic die and the pressing die, and other material, and has done a great deal of preliminary research work of the squeeze casting die standardization system using new ideas and methods. There is primarily reflected in the following aspects :l)This text has introduced squeeze casting process in brief, and analyzed the necessary of the development of the squeeze casting die standardization system;2) According to the characteristics of the squeeze casting process, I had classified it. And summed up the common structural characteristics and structural patterns of the squeeze casting die, and given each category a typical drawing for designers reference. Each structure has been set up a corresponding number. This text achieved initially the standardization of squeeze casting processes and the die structure;3) This article sets out the standardization structural patterns of all the commonly used components and generic components of squeeze casting die, and lists out standardization size of each component. These components include Compacting head, Compacting busher, Spread cone, Guiding post,
Bush,Guide pin, Fixed panels, Mould body, Mould plate, Mould holder, Shank, Top plate, Puncher, Thrust pipe, Floating platen, Tie bar, Oblique pin, Bends pin, Oblique key and Sliding panel board. Initially achieved the research work of the standardized system of squeeze casting die's commonly used parts .4) In order to facilitate the lookup and search of the standard parts of the squeeze casting die, the paper sets up a demanding system for the squeeze casting standard parts with HtmlHelp Workshop .The system can be used to directly find all standard structure patterns and the standard size.Finally, through four typical design examples of squeeze casting die, we can see the necessity of development the standardization of squeeze casting die. The standardization of squeeze casting die is a far-reaching work. So we need all the scientists and practitioners in the technology of squeeze casting continuing efforts, to make the standardization system of squeeze casting die more perfect!
引文
[1] 许发樾.模具标准化与现代模具生产技术.北京:模具制造,2004,(6):1～2
[2] 吴志勇.淡谈模具的标准化与专业化生产在市场经济中的作用.湖南:建设机械技术与管理,1995,(3):10～11
[3] 许发樾.模具标准化.现代制造,2004,(9):12
[4] 罗继相.我国挤压铸造技术的回顾及展望.铸造,2003,(1):1～6
[5] 蒋文英.CAD与模具标准化.上海:电加工与模具,2000,(6):30～32
[6] 齐丕骧.国内外挤压铸造技术发展概况.特种铸造及有色合金,2002,(2):20～23
[7] 唐靖林,曾大本,常安国.挤压铸造的发展和应用现状.中国铸造装备与技术,1998,(3):3～6
[8] 罗继相.间接挤压铸造模具具设计特点及研究.特种铸造及有色合金,2002,(1):38～40
[9] 王都,李志刚等.欧美模具企业考察报告.模具工业,2001,(3):3～5
[10] 党新英.浅谈冲压模具的标准化.企业标准化,2001,(6):26
[11] 吴公明.推广模具标准化技术.模具技术,2002,(6):57～61
[12] 陈光明.压铸模CAD/CAE/CAM的研究现状与发展.铸造技术,2004,(2):148～149
[13] 池勇,辛选荣等.模具标准件库系统工程开发.模具工业,2003,(11):17～19
[14] 何灿东.汽车铝合金车轮低压铸造模具具的标准化设计.模具工业,2000,(10):45～47
[15] 陈炳光.液态金属模锻模具设计.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1989:173～290
[16] 齐丕骧.挤压铸造.国防工业出版社,1984:1～9
[17] 潘宪曾.压铸模设计手册.北京:机械工业出版社,1999:104～381
[18] Wang Rui,et.al.The research and implementation of model technology for standard parts of pressure vessel In :Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Computer Aided Design &Computer Graphics,Guilin, 1998.C28～C31 (in chinese)
[19] Chadwick G A, Yue T M. Principles and applications of squeeze casting. Metals and Materials, 1989,15(1):6～12
[20] Durrant G, Grant P S .The Manufacture of Squeeze Cast and Spray Formed AIMMCs. Key Engineering Materials, 1995,104:155～174
[21] Clegg A J. A Comparison of the Squeeze Casting and Investment Casting Process for the Production of an Aluminium Alloy MMC. Foundry Trade Journal, 1996(4): 151～155
[22] VISINTAINER R H. CAE methods and their application to truck design[M]. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers,1997: 132～137
[23] CHEN Xiaobo. The application of simulation in complex product design: current status and thought [R]. CIMSPERC, Tsinghua University,2001: 165～170
[24] 《塑料模具技术手册》编委会编.塑料模具技术手册.北京:机械工业出版社,1999:120～362
[25] 上海交通大学.液态模锻.北京:国防工业出版社,1981:56～210
[26] 唐志玉.塑料模具设计师指南.北京:国防工业出版社,1999:76～183
[27] 《冷冲模》国家标准.中国标准出版社,1986年:105～213
[28] Wallance J F, Chang Q, Schwan D, Process Control in Squeeze Casting. Die Cast Eng., 2000,44(6):42～481
[29] SRINIVASAN K. Rapid simulation methodology for under hood aero/thermal management [J]. International journal of Vehicle Design ,2000,23 (1P2):109-123.
[30] Arnold Buss. Component-based simulation modeling with SIMKIT[A]. Proceedings of the 2002 Winter Simulation Conference[C]. E. Yucesan, C.-H. Chen, J. L. Snowdon, and J. M. Charnes, eds.
[31] Tuncer Oren. Future of Modelling and Simulation: Some Development Areas[R] 2002 Summer Computer Simulation Conference, 2002.
[32] Pradip K1Saha. Thermodynamics and tribology in aluminum extrusion[J]. Wear, 1998,218(2):179～190.
[33] G.Williams,K.M.Fisher,Squeeze forming of alumimium-alloy components,Metal Techology July,263 1981.
[34] Squeeze forming ,Engineering materials and design, 1993.
[35] LIUShu-chun, Development and Applicationan Information Searching System for Machine Design Graphics Manual Based on AutoCAD, Journal of Huaihai Institute of Technolog,6,2004
[36] 汪琦,张伟宏等.注塑模具标准模架数据库的开发.塑料技术,1996,(5):51～54
[37] 林鹏.模具制造的系统化与标准化[J].模具技术,1993,(5):42～46.
[38] 王树勋.注射模具设计与制造实用技术.广州:华南理工大学出版社,1991:31～33
[39] 罗继相.挤压铸造在汽车、摩托车制造业中的应用.特种铸造及有色合金,2002(压铸专刊):214～216
[40] 罗继相,白旭白.铝合金挤压铸造技术的研究与应用.铸造,2002,(8)464～469
[41] 罗继相,刘林海,胡建华.汽车活塞间接正向挤压铸造研究.特种铸造及有色合金,1999(增刊第1期):56～59
[42] 欧阳明.挤压压铸技术在汽车、摩托车精密铸件上的应用.铸造技术,2004,(5):363～364
[43] 缪盘铭.R200系列标准配模和标准拉伸参数.上海:电线电缆,2002,(2):6～9
[44] 聂能高,肖炳生.电机模具标准化实践.模具工业,1994,(8):19～20
[45] 宋满仓,王敏杰.基于成组技术的注塑模具标准化体系的研究.中国机械工程,2002,(24):2118～2120
[46] 印飞、王亦新等.挤压铸造的应用与模具材料.机械工业材料,2000,(4):28～29
[47] 王建宏、龙思远.挤压铸造模具具材料的选用及热处理.铸造技术,2004,(10):803～805
[48] 胡道钟,胡海等.模具标准化和基于UG的模具标准件库的建立.汽车技术,2000,(6):47～49
[49] LIYu-hong1,QIUPing-zhu2,Making the Aid Document of VB Procedure by Using HTMLHelpWorkshop, JOUTURNAL OF GUANGXI METEOROLOGY,12,2002.
[50] MicrosoftCorporation.VisualBasic6.0Programmer.sGuide[M].北京:北京希望电脑公司.1998.
[2] 吴志勇.淡谈模具的标准化与专业化生产在市场经济中的作用.湖南:建设机械技术与管理,1995,(3):10～11
[3] 许发樾.模具标准化.现代制造,2004,(9):12
[4] 罗继相.我国挤压铸造技术的回顾及展望.铸造,2003,(1):1～6
[5] 蒋文英.CAD与模具标准化.上海:电加工与模具,2000,(6):30～32
[6] 齐丕骧.国内外挤压铸造技术发展概况.特种铸造及有色合金,2002,(2):20～23
[7] 唐靖林,曾大本,常安国.挤压铸造的发展和应用现状.中国铸造装备与技术,1998,(3):3～6
[8] 罗继相.间接挤压铸造模具具设计特点及研究.特种铸造及有色合金,2002,(1):38～40
[9] 王都,李志刚等.欧美模具企业考察报告.模具工业,2001,(3):3～5
[10] 党新英.浅谈冲压模具的标准化.企业标准化,2001,(6):26
[11] 吴公明.推广模具标准化技术.模具技术,2002,(6):57～61
[12] 陈光明.压铸模CAD/CAE/CAM的研究现状与发展.铸造技术,2004,(2):148～149
[13] 池勇,辛选荣等.模具标准件库系统工程开发.模具工业,2003,(11):17～19
[14] 何灿东.汽车铝合金车轮低压铸造模具具的标准化设计.模具工业,2000,(10):45～47
[15] 陈炳光.液态金属模锻模具设计.武汉:华中理工大学出版社,1989:173～290
[16] 齐丕骧.挤压铸造.国防工业出版社,1984:1～9
[17] 潘宪曾.压铸模设计手册.北京:机械工业出版社,1999:104～381
[18] Wang Rui,et.al.The research and implementation of model technology for standard parts of pressure vessel In :Proceedings of the 10th Conference on Computer Aided Design &Computer Graphics,Guilin, 1998.C28～C31 (in chinese)
[19] Chadwick G A, Yue T M. Principles and applications of squeeze casting. Metals and Materials, 1989,15(1):6～12
[20] Durrant G, Grant P S .The Manufacture of Squeeze Cast and Spray Formed AIMMCs. Key Engineering Materials, 1995,104:155～174
[21] Clegg A J. A Comparison of the Squeeze Casting and Investment Casting Process for the Production of an Aluminium Alloy MMC. Foundry Trade Journal, 1996(4): 151～155
[22] VISINTAINER R H. CAE methods and their application to truck design[M]. Warrendale, PA: Society of Automotive Engineers,1997: 132～137
[23] CHEN Xiaobo. The application of simulation in complex product design: current status and thought [R]. CIMSPERC, Tsinghua University,2001: 165～170
[24] 《塑料模具技术手册》编委会编.塑料模具技术手册.北京:机械工业出版社,1999:120～362
[25] 上海交通大学.液态模锻.北京:国防工业出版社,1981:56～210
[26] 唐志玉.塑料模具设计师指南.北京:国防工业出版社,1999:76～183
[27] 《冷冲模》国家标准.中国标准出版社,1986年:105～213
[28] Wallance J F, Chang Q, Schwan D, Process Control in Squeeze Casting. Die Cast Eng., 2000,44(6):42～481
[29] SRINIVASAN K. Rapid simulation methodology for under hood aero/thermal management [J]. International journal of Vehicle Design ,2000,23 (1P2):109-123.
[30] Arnold Buss. Component-based simulation modeling with SIMKIT[A]. Proceedings of the 2002 Winter Simulation Conference[C]. E. Yucesan, C.-H. Chen, J. L. Snowdon, and J. M. Charnes, eds.
[31] Tuncer Oren. Future of Modelling and Simulation: Some Development Areas[R] 2002 Summer Computer Simulation Conference, 2002.
[32] Pradip K1Saha. Thermodynamics and tribology in aluminum extrusion[J]. Wear, 1998,218(2):179～190.
[33] G.Williams,K.M.Fisher,Squeeze forming of alumimium-alloy components,Metal Techology July,263 1981.
[34] Squeeze forming ,Engineering materials and design, 1993.
[35] LIUShu-chun, Development and Applicationan Information Searching System for Machine Design Graphics Manual Based on AutoCAD, Journal of Huaihai Institute of Technolog,6,2004
[36] 汪琦,张伟宏等.注塑模具标准模架数据库的开发.塑料技术,1996,(5):51～54
[37] 林鹏.模具制造的系统化与标准化[J].模具技术,1993,(5):42～46.
[38] 王树勋.注射模具设计与制造实用技术.广州:华南理工大学出版社,1991:31～33
[39] 罗继相.挤压铸造在汽车、摩托车制造业中的应用.特种铸造及有色合金,2002(压铸专刊):214～216
[40] 罗继相,白旭白.铝合金挤压铸造技术的研究与应用.铸造,2002,(8)464～469
[41] 罗继相,刘林海,胡建华.汽车活塞间接正向挤压铸造研究.特种铸造及有色合金,1999(增刊第1期):56～59
[42] 欧阳明.挤压压铸技术在汽车、摩托车精密铸件上的应用.铸造技术,2004,(5):363～364
[43] 缪盘铭.R200系列标准配模和标准拉伸参数.上海:电线电缆,2002,(2):6～9
[44] 聂能高,肖炳生.电机模具标准化实践.模具工业,1994,(8):19～20
[45] 宋满仓,王敏杰.基于成组技术的注塑模具标准化体系的研究.中国机械工程,2002,(24):2118～2120
[46] 印飞、王亦新等.挤压铸造的应用与模具材料.机械工业材料,2000,(4):28～29
[47] 王建宏、龙思远.挤压铸造模具具材料的选用及热处理.铸造技术,2004,(10):803～805
[48] 胡道钟,胡海等.模具标准化和基于UG的模具标准件库的建立.汽车技术,2000,(6):47～49
[49] LIYu-hong1,QIUPing-zhu2,Making the Aid Document of VB Procedure by Using HTMLHelpWorkshop, JOUTURNAL OF GUANGXI METEOROLOGY,12,2002.
[50] MicrosoftCorporation.VisualBasic6.0Programmer.sGuide[M].北京:北京希望电脑公司.1998.
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