基于Linux系统的无线电磁网地质接收机研究与实现
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摘要
论文论述了一种无线电磁(Wireless Electromagnetism,简称WEM)网地质接收机设备的系统总体结构设计和功能,该接收机主要用于接收超低频发射机发射的0.1Hz～～300Hz(可兼顾自然场测试)的低频电磁辐射场信号,将接收的两个电场分量(Ex,Ey)和三个磁场分量(Hx,Hy,Hz)信号上传给国家地震局进行地震监测,利用反演软件反演出地下矿藏分布用于探矿。
目前国内还没有较成熟的类似产品,主要靠引进国外产品。当前国外较成熟的地质接收机产品主要有加拿大Phoenix-Geophysics公司的V5、V6、V8系列地质接收机和德国Metronix公司的ADU-06地质接收机,另外还有俄罗斯圣彼得堡大学研制的ACF-2.2地质接收机。
文中首先介绍了地质接收机的软硬件设计和总体功能结构,探讨了在LinuX系统下开发设备驱动程序的一般方法,并针对具体的地质接收机设备,详细的分析了如何在Linux操作系统下实现对该设备驱动程序的开发以及在开发过程中需要注意的问题,并对S3C2410自带A/D驱动做了改进,提供了通道选择和设置预分频功能,对ARM与DSP通信的SPI(Serial Peripheral Interface)驱动提供了双缓冲区机制,解决了与DSP通信的传输速率问题。最后对本项目选择的JFFS2(Journaling Flash File System v2)文件系统做了以下几点研究改进工作:1、设计了一种新的节点类型,缩短了文件系统的加载过程,从而使设备开机后快速进入操作界面;2、提供了新的校验码机制,增强了文件系统的存储纠错能力;3、分析了影响闪存文件系统垃圾收集性能的主要因素,并对该算法提出了具体改进;4、分析了嵌入式Linux文件系统闪存管理中的耗损平衡问题,优化了损耗平衡策略,减少坏块的出现几率。最后对正在设计的JFFS3(Journaling Flash File System v3)文件系统做了较简单的分析研究。
将Linux系统应用于该设备,由于Linux系统的诸多优点,为数据的实时传输、数据的完整性保存、设备的便携性提供了很好的支持,与国外同内产品相比,在性能方面也有了较大的提高,该设备的成功研制为国内在地质勘探方面提供了有利的工具。
The thesis introduced a kind of Wireless Electromagnetism (WEM) overall structural design and function of geological receiver apparatus system, the receiver machine used mainly for receiving 0.1 Hz that the ultra lowfrequency transmitter launches. Low frequency electromagnetic radiation field signal of 300Hz (can give consideration to natural field test ), receive two electric field weight (Ex, Ey ), and three magnetic field weight signal pass to State Seismological Bureau which carry on earthquake monitor or utilize , perform software perform underground mineral deposit distribute and used in prospecting .Current domestic similar products have not been more mature, mainly rely on imported products. Currently more mature foreign products mainly geological receiver Canada Phoenix-Geophysics companies V5, V6, V8 series geological receivers and Germany Metronix companies ADU-06 geological receiver, but also the University of St. Petersburg, Russia developed ACF-2.2 geological receivers.The thesis first introduced the geological receiver software and hardware design and the overall function plan structure, And then the dissertation discusses how to develop the Device Driver under Linux Operation System. This thesis discusses how to realize the Device Driver of this geological receiver equipment under Linux in detail. The A/D transformation chip driver was provided the more flexible mechanism, Provided the channel to choose and to establish the pre- frequency division function, SPI(Serial Peripheral Interface) driver has provided the double buffer mechanism for ARM and DSP correspondence, this mechanism has solved ARM and DSP correspondence transmission speed problem. Finally to inserts the type Linux file system to conduct the research to analyze and to improve, aimed at JFFS2 (Journaling Flash File System v2) file system existence some insufficiencies to make the certain analysis and the improvement specifically, mainly displayed in this file system the setup time is too long, the verification mechanism waits for the development and garbage collection mechanism and wear-leveling mechanism and so on several
aspects, moreover to the JFFS3 file system which designed has been making the certain analysis and the research.Applies the Linux system in this equipment, as a result of Linux system many merits, for the data real-time transmission, the data complete preservation, the equipment easy to carry, provide the very good support. And with overseas compared, the product also had the big enhancement in the performance aspect, this equipment success development for domestic provided the advantageous tool in the geological prospecting aspect.
目前国内还没有较成熟的类似产品,主要靠引进国外产品。当前国外较成熟的地质接收机产品主要有加拿大Phoenix-Geophysics公司的V5、V6、V8系列地质接收机和德国Metronix公司的ADU-06地质接收机,另外还有俄罗斯圣彼得堡大学研制的ACF-2.2地质接收机。
文中首先介绍了地质接收机的软硬件设计和总体功能结构,探讨了在LinuX系统下开发设备驱动程序的一般方法,并针对具体的地质接收机设备,详细的分析了如何在Linux操作系统下实现对该设备驱动程序的开发以及在开发过程中需要注意的问题,并对S3C2410自带A/D驱动做了改进,提供了通道选择和设置预分频功能,对ARM与DSP通信的SPI(Serial Peripheral Interface)驱动提供了双缓冲区机制,解决了与DSP通信的传输速率问题。最后对本项目选择的JFFS2(Journaling Flash File System v2)文件系统做了以下几点研究改进工作:1、设计了一种新的节点类型,缩短了文件系统的加载过程,从而使设备开机后快速进入操作界面;2、提供了新的校验码机制,增强了文件系统的存储纠错能力;3、分析了影响闪存文件系统垃圾收集性能的主要因素,并对该算法提出了具体改进;4、分析了嵌入式Linux文件系统闪存管理中的耗损平衡问题,优化了损耗平衡策略,减少坏块的出现几率。最后对正在设计的JFFS3(Journaling Flash File System v3)文件系统做了较简单的分析研究。
将Linux系统应用于该设备,由于Linux系统的诸多优点,为数据的实时传输、数据的完整性保存、设备的便携性提供了很好的支持,与国外同内产品相比,在性能方面也有了较大的提高,该设备的成功研制为国内在地质勘探方面提供了有利的工具。
The thesis introduced a kind of Wireless Electromagnetism (WEM) overall structural design and function of geological receiver apparatus system, the receiver machine used mainly for receiving 0.1 Hz that the ultra lowfrequency transmitter launches. Low frequency electromagnetic radiation field signal of 300Hz (can give consideration to natural field test ), receive two electric field weight (Ex, Ey ), and three magnetic field weight signal pass to State Seismological Bureau which carry on earthquake monitor or utilize , perform software perform underground mineral deposit distribute and used in prospecting .Current domestic similar products have not been more mature, mainly rely on imported products. Currently more mature foreign products mainly geological receiver Canada Phoenix-Geophysics companies V5, V6, V8 series geological receivers and Germany Metronix companies ADU-06 geological receiver, but also the University of St. Petersburg, Russia developed ACF-2.2 geological receivers.The thesis first introduced the geological receiver software and hardware design and the overall function plan structure, And then the dissertation discusses how to develop the Device Driver under Linux Operation System. This thesis discusses how to realize the Device Driver of this geological receiver equipment under Linux in detail. The A/D transformation chip driver was provided the more flexible mechanism, Provided the channel to choose and to establish the pre- frequency division function, SPI(Serial Peripheral Interface) driver has provided the double buffer mechanism for ARM and DSP correspondence, this mechanism has solved ARM and DSP correspondence transmission speed problem. Finally to inserts the type Linux file system to conduct the research to analyze and to improve, aimed at JFFS2 (Journaling Flash File System v2) file system existence some insufficiencies to make the certain analysis and the improvement specifically, mainly displayed in this file system the setup time is too long, the verification mechanism waits for the development and garbage collection mechanism and wear-leveling mechanism and so on several
aspects, moreover to the JFFS3 file system which designed has been making the certain analysis and the research.Applies the Linux system in this equipment, as a result of Linux system many merits, for the data real-time transmission, the data complete preservation, the equipment easy to carry, provide the very good support. And with overseas compared, the product also had the big enhancement in the performance aspect, this equipment success development for domestic provided the advantageous tool in the geological prospecting aspect.
引文
[1] TIKHONOV A N. On determing electrical characteristics of the deep layers of the earth's crust, Dokl[J].AN SSR, 1950, 73(2): 295-297.
[2] CAGNIARDL. Basic theory of the magnetotelluric method of geophysical prospecting[J]. Geophysics, 1953, 18(3): 605-635.
[3] 国家地震局科技监测司.地震电磁观测技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1995.
[4] The manual of V8 Networked Multifunction Receiver for Geophysical Techniques.www.phoenix-geophysics.com.
[5] The Datasheet ofADU-06.http://mtxweb.mtx-geo.de.
[6] 库里连科 极低频-超低频辐射器电磁场解析软件使用手册.圣彼得堡国立大学地壳研究所.
[7] 武汉工业大学数理系物理教研室编.大学物理学(下册)汕头大学出版社,1997.
[8] 谢处方、饶克谨 电磁场与电磁波(第三版)高等教育出版社,1997.
[9] 王朴中等 天线原理 清华大学出版社,1993.
[10] 管致中等 信号与线形系统(第三版)高等教育出版社,1991.
[11] 王世一 数字信号处理 北京理工大学出版社,1997.
[12] 季昱等DSP嵌入式应用系统开发典型实例 中国电力出版社,2005.
[13] S3C2410X 32-BIT RISC MICROPROCESSOR USERS'S MANUAL, Samsung Electronics Semiconductors.
[14] TU30-D400 Series Data Sheet.
[15] 陈赜 ARM9嵌入式技术及Linux高级实践教程 北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[16] 孙天泽等 嵌入式设计及Linux驱动开发指南——基于ARM 9处理器 电子工业出版社,2005.
[17] Alessandro Rubini and Jonathan Corbet Linux Device Drivers O'Reilly, 2003.
[18] 李善平等边干边学——LINUX内核指导 浙江大学出版社,2002.
[19] Love, R. Linux Kernel Development (2nd ed.). Novell Press, 2005.
[20] DANIEL P. BOVET. Understanding the Linux Kernel, Second Edition O'Reilly 2004.
[21] 周立功等 ARM嵌入式Linux系统构建与驱动开发范例 北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[22] Bruce Molay. Understanding Unix/Linux Programming SAM.
[23] 毛德操 胡希明Linux内核源代码情景分析 上册 浙江大学出版社.
[24] William Stallings.操作系统—内核与设计原理[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
[25] 邹思轶.嵌入式Linux设计与应用,清华大学出版社,2002.
[26] Vahalia, U. Unix Internals: The New Frontiers. Prentice Hall, Inc., 1996.
[27] Richard Stevens Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment Addison Wesley.
[28] Beck, M., H. Boehme. Linux Kernel Programming (3rd ed.). Addison Wesley, 2002.
[29] The Datasheet of ADS7843 Burr-Brown Products from Texas Instruments.
[30] Richard Perersen. Linux Programmer's Reference . Second Edition. The Mcgraw-Hill Companies, 2000.
[31] Dinu Madau, Rules for Defensive C Programming, Embedded Systems Programming, 1992. 12.
[32] 张东升,陈兴林 多任务技术在嵌入式系统中的应用 电脑与信息技术 2004年第1期.
[33] Arnold S. Berger Embedded Systems Design CMP Books.
[34] David Woodhouse JFFS: The Journalling Flash File System Red Hat, Inc.
[35] 郑良辰.日志文件系统在嵌入式存储设备上的设计和实现:硕士学位论文.保存单位:万方数据股份有限公司,2001.
[36] 李红燕,王力.日志结构文件系统技术的研究.计算机应用研究,2003年,第1期:73～76.
[37] Dennis Edwards. Executing Out of ROM. 2002 Embedded Systems Conference, San Francisco.
[38] 朱作付,吕强.LINUX虚拟文件系统分析.兰州工业高等专科学校学报,2003年,第10卷(第3期):37～39.
[39] Vpin Mailik.JFFS-A practical guide.Linux Journal,2001,Issue 4:68～70.
[40] 钟忻,慕春棣.基于闪存的文件系统的实现.计算机工程与应用,2003年,第24期:133～135.
[41] Moshe Bar著Linux文件系统 清华大学出版社 2002.
[42] 王国才.用模2除法计算32位CRC校验码的微机软件实现研究.计算机应用研究,1999年,第4期:7～8.
[43] 郑南宁.三种实用的纠错编码技术及其软件实现:博士学位论文.保存单位:万方数据股份有限公司,2002.
[44] 张娟,张雪兰.扩展的海明码及其在FLASH的应用.兵工自动化,2003年,第22卷(第3期):52～54.
[45] Tapp T. L., Luna A. A., Xiao-An Wang, et al. Extended Hamming and BCH soft decision decoders for mobile data applications.IEEE Transactions on Communications, March 1999, Vol. 47, Issue3: 333～337.
[46] 黄三元,林炳善,任正权.探讨一种新的纠错码.延边大学学报,1996年,第22卷(第1期):35～38.
[47] Gorman, M. Understanding the Linux Virtual Memory Manager. Prentice Hall PTR, 2004.
[48] 董明等.适宜于嵌入式多媒体应用的Flash文件系统.电子技术应用,2002年,第9期:24～27.
[49] 李桂良,刘发贵.JFFS2文件系统的关键技术及其在嵌入式系统的应用.计算机应用,2003年,第23卷(第7期):135～137.
[50] Artem B. Bityutskiy JFFS3 design issues 2005.
[2] CAGNIARDL. Basic theory of the magnetotelluric method of geophysical prospecting[J]. Geophysics, 1953, 18(3): 605-635.
[3] 国家地震局科技监测司.地震电磁观测技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1995.
[4] The manual of V8 Networked Multifunction Receiver for Geophysical Techniques.www.phoenix-geophysics.com.
[5] The Datasheet ofADU-06.http://mtxweb.mtx-geo.de.
[6] 库里连科 极低频-超低频辐射器电磁场解析软件使用手册.圣彼得堡国立大学地壳研究所.
[7] 武汉工业大学数理系物理教研室编.大学物理学(下册)汕头大学出版社,1997.
[8] 谢处方、饶克谨 电磁场与电磁波(第三版)高等教育出版社,1997.
[9] 王朴中等 天线原理 清华大学出版社,1993.
[10] 管致中等 信号与线形系统(第三版)高等教育出版社,1991.
[11] 王世一 数字信号处理 北京理工大学出版社,1997.
[12] 季昱等DSP嵌入式应用系统开发典型实例 中国电力出版社,2005.
[13] S3C2410X 32-BIT RISC MICROPROCESSOR USERS'S MANUAL, Samsung Electronics Semiconductors.
[14] TU30-D400 Series Data Sheet.
[15] 陈赜 ARM9嵌入式技术及Linux高级实践教程 北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[16] 孙天泽等 嵌入式设计及Linux驱动开发指南——基于ARM 9处理器 电子工业出版社,2005.
[17] Alessandro Rubini and Jonathan Corbet Linux Device Drivers O'Reilly, 2003.
[18] 李善平等边干边学——LINUX内核指导 浙江大学出版社,2002.
[19] Love, R. Linux Kernel Development (2nd ed.). Novell Press, 2005.
[20] DANIEL P. BOVET. Understanding the Linux Kernel, Second Edition O'Reilly 2004.
[21] 周立功等 ARM嵌入式Linux系统构建与驱动开发范例 北京航空航天大学出版社,2005.
[22] Bruce Molay. Understanding Unix/Linux Programming SAM.
[23] 毛德操 胡希明Linux内核源代码情景分析 上册 浙江大学出版社.
[24] William Stallings.操作系统—内核与设计原理[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2001.
[25] 邹思轶.嵌入式Linux设计与应用,清华大学出版社,2002.
[26] Vahalia, U. Unix Internals: The New Frontiers. Prentice Hall, Inc., 1996.
[27] Richard Stevens Advanced Programming in the UNIX Environment Addison Wesley.
[28] Beck, M., H. Boehme. Linux Kernel Programming (3rd ed.). Addison Wesley, 2002.
[29] The Datasheet of ADS7843 Burr-Brown Products from Texas Instruments.
[30] Richard Perersen. Linux Programmer's Reference . Second Edition. The Mcgraw-Hill Companies, 2000.
[31] Dinu Madau, Rules for Defensive C Programming, Embedded Systems Programming, 1992. 12.
[32] 张东升,陈兴林 多任务技术在嵌入式系统中的应用 电脑与信息技术 2004年第1期.
[33] Arnold S. Berger Embedded Systems Design CMP Books.
[34] David Woodhouse JFFS: The Journalling Flash File System Red Hat, Inc.
[35] 郑良辰.日志文件系统在嵌入式存储设备上的设计和实现:硕士学位论文.保存单位:万方数据股份有限公司,2001.
[36] 李红燕,王力.日志结构文件系统技术的研究.计算机应用研究,2003年,第1期:73～76.
[37] Dennis Edwards. Executing Out of ROM. 2002 Embedded Systems Conference, San Francisco.
[38] 朱作付,吕强.LINUX虚拟文件系统分析.兰州工业高等专科学校学报,2003年,第10卷(第3期):37～39.
[39] Vpin Mailik.JFFS-A practical guide.Linux Journal,2001,Issue 4:68～70.
[40] 钟忻,慕春棣.基于闪存的文件系统的实现.计算机工程与应用,2003年,第24期:133～135.
[41] Moshe Bar著Linux文件系统 清华大学出版社 2002.
[42] 王国才.用模2除法计算32位CRC校验码的微机软件实现研究.计算机应用研究,1999年,第4期:7～8.
[43] 郑南宁.三种实用的纠错编码技术及其软件实现:博士学位论文.保存单位:万方数据股份有限公司,2002.
[44] 张娟,张雪兰.扩展的海明码及其在FLASH的应用.兵工自动化,2003年,第22卷(第3期):52～54.
[45] Tapp T. L., Luna A. A., Xiao-An Wang, et al. Extended Hamming and BCH soft decision decoders for mobile data applications.IEEE Transactions on Communications, March 1999, Vol. 47, Issue3: 333～337.
[46] 黄三元,林炳善,任正权.探讨一种新的纠错码.延边大学学报,1996年,第22卷(第1期):35～38.
[47] Gorman, M. Understanding the Linux Virtual Memory Manager. Prentice Hall PTR, 2004.
[48] 董明等.适宜于嵌入式多媒体应用的Flash文件系统.电子技术应用,2002年,第9期:24～27.
[49] 李桂良,刘发贵.JFFS2文件系统的关键技术及其在嵌入式系统的应用.计算机应用,2003年,第23卷(第7期):135～137.
[50] Artem B. Bityutskiy JFFS3 design issues 2005.
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