激光引信发射机组件测试系统研发
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摘要
导弹是国防体系中的重要力量。激光引信光学组件作为导弹系统中的重要组成部分,担负着探测信号的发射与接收,其工作性能影响到整个武器系统的质量。因此,对激光引信光学组件各项参数进行精确测评,具有重要的国防意义。
本项目旨在开发对激光引信光学组件的所有参数进行自动化测量的检测系统。实现对引信发射机组件的峰值功率、光束发散角、中心波长以及接收机组件的接收视场角、灵敏度、响应时间、噪声等参数的一体化测试。我们使用光功率计测量激光的脉冲功率,使用CCD成像法对光束发散角进行测量,使用光谱仪获得激光器的光谱特性。对于接收机组件,主要使用示波器对它的四个参数进行检测。所有的测试仪器和运动装置在工控机的控制下协调运行实现自动测试。项目涉及光学、电子、软件、机械等多方面的技术,具有较强的综合性。最终成型的系统测试时间短、测量精度高、操作简单、实用化程度好。
本文首先介绍了激光引信光学组件的相关情况和课题来源。然后分别论述引信光学组件各参数的测试方法,确定了系统总体方案。对于系统硬件设备的开发和使用情况做出了详细的说明。针对光束发散角的测量,文中专门进行了详细讨论。接下来介绍了系统软件的设计情况,随后给出实验数据和相应说明。最后是项目总结,包括了在现有基础上的改进意见。
Missile is important power in national defence system. As a key component of a missile, the optical module in the laser fuze transmits and receives detecting signal, its performance affects the whole weapon system. So, implementing precise evaluation of the optical module is very constructive in national defence project.
We intend to develop an automatic testing system to evaluate all the parameters of the optical module in the laser fuze. There are seven parameters to be tested, including peak power, wavelength and divergence angle of the signal transmitting module and noise, response time, sensitivity and field angle of the signal receiving module. Practically, we use optical meter to test the power of the laser pulse, acquire the spectrum of the laser with spectrum instrument, use CCD method to test the divergence angle. As to the receiving module, we mainly use oscilloscope to test the four parameters. We use computer to control all the instruments and movement system to run orderly, achieving automatic testing. This project is an integrated work, which includes optical design, electrical technology, software design and precise mechanism design. The final completed system costs less testing time, maintains high precision , provides convenient operation, and achieves practical requests.
The paper firstly introduces the optical module in the laser fuze and the source of the project. Then, we discuss detailed testing method of every parameter of the optical module, and determine the system scheme. We introduce how to develop and use the instruments in the system in detail. About divergence angle, the paper discusses the testing method specially. Then, we introduce the software design of the evaluation system. After that, the paper displays the experiment data and makes a brief analysis. In the end, the paper summarizes my work in the project and provides some improvement advice.
本项目旨在开发对激光引信光学组件的所有参数进行自动化测量的检测系统。实现对引信发射机组件的峰值功率、光束发散角、中心波长以及接收机组件的接收视场角、灵敏度、响应时间、噪声等参数的一体化测试。我们使用光功率计测量激光的脉冲功率,使用CCD成像法对光束发散角进行测量,使用光谱仪获得激光器的光谱特性。对于接收机组件,主要使用示波器对它的四个参数进行检测。所有的测试仪器和运动装置在工控机的控制下协调运行实现自动测试。项目涉及光学、电子、软件、机械等多方面的技术,具有较强的综合性。最终成型的系统测试时间短、测量精度高、操作简单、实用化程度好。
本文首先介绍了激光引信光学组件的相关情况和课题来源。然后分别论述引信光学组件各参数的测试方法,确定了系统总体方案。对于系统硬件设备的开发和使用情况做出了详细的说明。针对光束发散角的测量,文中专门进行了详细讨论。接下来介绍了系统软件的设计情况,随后给出实验数据和相应说明。最后是项目总结,包括了在现有基础上的改进意见。
Missile is important power in national defence system. As a key component of a missile, the optical module in the laser fuze transmits and receives detecting signal, its performance affects the whole weapon system. So, implementing precise evaluation of the optical module is very constructive in national defence project.
We intend to develop an automatic testing system to evaluate all the parameters of the optical module in the laser fuze. There are seven parameters to be tested, including peak power, wavelength and divergence angle of the signal transmitting module and noise, response time, sensitivity and field angle of the signal receiving module. Practically, we use optical meter to test the power of the laser pulse, acquire the spectrum of the laser with spectrum instrument, use CCD method to test the divergence angle. As to the receiving module, we mainly use oscilloscope to test the four parameters. We use computer to control all the instruments and movement system to run orderly, achieving automatic testing. This project is an integrated work, which includes optical design, electrical technology, software design and precise mechanism design. The final completed system costs less testing time, maintains high precision , provides convenient operation, and achieves practical requests.
The paper firstly introduces the optical module in the laser fuze and the source of the project. Then, we discuss detailed testing method of every parameter of the optical module, and determine the system scheme. We introduce how to develop and use the instruments in the system in detail. About divergence angle, the paper discusses the testing method specially. Then, we introduce the software design of the evaluation system. After that, the paper displays the experiment data and makes a brief analysis. In the end, the paper summarizes my work in the project and provides some improvement advice.
引文
[1]张翼飞,石旭生,邓方林.弹道导弹激光引信测高算法研究[J].制导与引信, 2004, 25(1): 25~29
[2]施聚生,栗萍.引信中的信息过程[J].现代引信, 1994, 4: 1~5
[3]王德.激光引信及其发展现状[J].长春光学精密机械学院学报, 2001, 24(1): 62~66
[4]陆治国.激光束空间质量评价[J].激光杂志, 1995, 16(2): 53~58
[5] ISO/DIS11146. Terminology and test methods for lasers[S]. ISO, 1995. 10~35
[6] Siegman A E. New development in laser resonance[J]. Proc SPIE, 1990, 1224: 2~14
[7] Roberts. Electromagnetic theory of diffraction by acircular aperture in a thick, perfectly conducting screen [J]. J. Opt . Soc . A m . A , 1987, 4 (10): 1970~1983
[8] Nayar SK, Nakagawa Yasuo. Shape from focus system[J]. IEEE Trabsaction Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 1994, 16(8): 824~831
[9]黄忠伦,郭劲,付有余.评价激光光束质量的各种方法[J].激光杂志, 2004, 25(3): 64~68
[10] A.E. Siegman. New developments in laser resonators[J]. D. A. Holmes, Edit. Proc. SPIE, 1990, 12(24): 2~14
[11]曾秉斌,徐德衍,王润文.激光光束质量因子M2的物理概念与测试方法[J].应用激光, 1994, 14(3): 104~108
[12] A E Siegman.应用空间频率和强度矩量分析激光光束传播与光束质量公式[J].王世孝译.激光集锦, 1992, 2 (2): 36~43
[13]吕白达.激光的参数描述和光束质量[J].红外与激光工程, 2004, 33(3): 14~17
[14]黄忠伦,郭劲,付有余.评价激光光束质量的各种方法[J].激光杂志, 2004, 25(3): 64~68
[15] ISO/TR11146-3. Lasers and laser-related equipment-Test methods for laser beam widths, divergence angles and beam propagation ratios-Part 3: Intrinsic and geometrical laser beam classification, propagation and details of test methods [S]. ISO, 2005. 75~98
[16] Luciano Bachmann, Denise Maria Zezell. Determination of Beam Width and Quality for Pulsed Lasers Using the Knife-Edge Method[J]. INSTRUMENTATION SCIENCE& TECHNOLOGY, 2003, 31(1): 47~52
[17]阿·依·马兹米什维里.误差理论与最小二乘法. (第1版).吕福臣,刘光宗译.北京:煤炭工业出版社, 1984. 171~179
[18] E.M.Mikhail.观测与最小二乘法. (第1版).唐昌先,邹笃醇译.北京:测绘出版社, 1984. 69~74
[19]杨明,刘先忠.矩阵论. (第1版).武汉:华中科技大学出版社, 2003. 84~88
[20]吴晗平.激光光束质量的评价与应用分析[J].光学精密工程, 2000, 8(2): 128~132
[21]李宾中,陶向阳,吕百达,刘三秋.激光二极管叠层阵列的光束特性研究[J].南昌大学学报, 2003, 25(3): 6~9
[22]李宾中,曾林泽,薛普惠,林铭建.激光二极管光束特性的研究[J].四川示师范学院学报(自然科学版), 2003, 24(2): 167~170
[23]祝敏,陆耀东,满春阳.大功率高速半导体激光峰值功率测试技术研究[J].光电子·激光, 2006, 17(11): 1343~1345
[24]孙伟,高春情,魏光辉.精确CCD光束参数测量与评价系统的设计[J].北京理工大学学报, 2000, 20(4): 471~474
[25] Newport. Model 1935/2935 Series Single and Dual-Channel Optical Meters User’s Manual. USA: Newport, 2006. 38~113
[26]祝敏,陆耀东,满春阳.大功率高速半导体激光峰值功率测试技术研究[J].光电子·激光, 2006, 17(11): 1343~1345
[27] Tektronix. TDS3000B series Digital Phosphor Oscilloscopes User Manual. Tektronix, 2005. 1~34
[28]叶嘉雄,常大定,陈汝钧.光电系统与信号处理. (第1版).北京:科学出版社, 1997. 259~276
[29]陈坤峰,汪永忠.红外探测器参数自动计量测试[J].航空计测技术, 1997, 2: 25~27
[30]李义民.常规激光参数测试设备的计算机控制与分析系统[J].计量技术, 2003, 12(5): 7~11
[31]赛凡光电. 2005-2006产品目录.北京:赛凡光电仪器有限公司, 2005. 1~35
[32] David J. Kruglinski, Scot Wingo. George Shepherd.Visual C++ 6.0技术内幕. (第5版).希望图书创作室译.北京:北京希望电子出版社, 2002. 156~184, 550~594
[33] Allen Denver. Serial Communications in Win 32[J]. Microsoft Windows Developer Support, 1995, 3: 1~5
[34]求是科技,李现勇. Visual C++串口通信技术与工程实现. (第2版).北京:人民邮电出版社, 2004. 55~87
[35]阮秋琦编著.数字图像处理学. (第2版).北京:电子工业出版社, 2001. 23~97
[36]崔屹.数字图像处理技术与应用. (第2版).北京:电子工业出版社, 1997. 35~76
[37]马冲.探测器系统噪声对激光束束宽测量的影响[J].现代计量测试, 2000, 1: 39~40
[38] Belanger P A, Champagne Y. Beam propagation factor of diffracted laser beams[J]. Opt Comm, 1994, 105(3): 233~242
[39]赵长明.激光光束质量参数测量的实验研究[J].激光技术, 2000, 24(6): 341~344
[40]候捷.深入浅出MFC. (第2版).武汉:华中科技大学出版社, 2001. 1~165, 553~ 568
[41] Stanley B. Lippman著. C++Primer中文版. (第3版).潘爱民译.北京:中国电力出版社, 2002. 1~203, 277~366, 503~600, 719~832
[2]施聚生,栗萍.引信中的信息过程[J].现代引信, 1994, 4: 1~5
[3]王德.激光引信及其发展现状[J].长春光学精密机械学院学报, 2001, 24(1): 62~66
[4]陆治国.激光束空间质量评价[J].激光杂志, 1995, 16(2): 53~58
[5] ISO/DIS11146. Terminology and test methods for lasers[S]. ISO, 1995. 10~35
[6] Siegman A E. New development in laser resonance[J]. Proc SPIE, 1990, 1224: 2~14
[7] Roberts. Electromagnetic theory of diffraction by acircular aperture in a thick, perfectly conducting screen [J]. J. Opt . Soc . A m . A , 1987, 4 (10): 1970~1983
[8] Nayar SK, Nakagawa Yasuo. Shape from focus system[J]. IEEE Trabsaction Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 1994, 16(8): 824~831
[9]黄忠伦,郭劲,付有余.评价激光光束质量的各种方法[J].激光杂志, 2004, 25(3): 64~68
[10] A.E. Siegman. New developments in laser resonators[J]. D. A. Holmes, Edit. Proc. SPIE, 1990, 12(24): 2~14
[11]曾秉斌,徐德衍,王润文.激光光束质量因子M2的物理概念与测试方法[J].应用激光, 1994, 14(3): 104~108
[12] A E Siegman.应用空间频率和强度矩量分析激光光束传播与光束质量公式[J].王世孝译.激光集锦, 1992, 2 (2): 36~43
[13]吕白达.激光的参数描述和光束质量[J].红外与激光工程, 2004, 33(3): 14~17
[14]黄忠伦,郭劲,付有余.评价激光光束质量的各种方法[J].激光杂志, 2004, 25(3): 64~68
[15] ISO/TR11146-3. Lasers and laser-related equipment-Test methods for laser beam widths, divergence angles and beam propagation ratios-Part 3: Intrinsic and geometrical laser beam classification, propagation and details of test methods [S]. ISO, 2005. 75~98
[16] Luciano Bachmann, Denise Maria Zezell. Determination of Beam Width and Quality for Pulsed Lasers Using the Knife-Edge Method[J]. INSTRUMENTATION SCIENCE& TECHNOLOGY, 2003, 31(1): 47~52
[17]阿·依·马兹米什维里.误差理论与最小二乘法. (第1版).吕福臣,刘光宗译.北京:煤炭工业出版社, 1984. 171~179
[18] E.M.Mikhail.观测与最小二乘法. (第1版).唐昌先,邹笃醇译.北京:测绘出版社, 1984. 69~74
[19]杨明,刘先忠.矩阵论. (第1版).武汉:华中科技大学出版社, 2003. 84~88
[20]吴晗平.激光光束质量的评价与应用分析[J].光学精密工程, 2000, 8(2): 128~132
[21]李宾中,陶向阳,吕百达,刘三秋.激光二极管叠层阵列的光束特性研究[J].南昌大学学报, 2003, 25(3): 6~9
[22]李宾中,曾林泽,薛普惠,林铭建.激光二极管光束特性的研究[J].四川示师范学院学报(自然科学版), 2003, 24(2): 167~170
[23]祝敏,陆耀东,满春阳.大功率高速半导体激光峰值功率测试技术研究[J].光电子·激光, 2006, 17(11): 1343~1345
[24]孙伟,高春情,魏光辉.精确CCD光束参数测量与评价系统的设计[J].北京理工大学学报, 2000, 20(4): 471~474
[25] Newport. Model 1935/2935 Series Single and Dual-Channel Optical Meters User’s Manual. USA: Newport, 2006. 38~113
[26]祝敏,陆耀东,满春阳.大功率高速半导体激光峰值功率测试技术研究[J].光电子·激光, 2006, 17(11): 1343~1345
[27] Tektronix. TDS3000B series Digital Phosphor Oscilloscopes User Manual. Tektronix, 2005. 1~34
[28]叶嘉雄,常大定,陈汝钧.光电系统与信号处理. (第1版).北京:科学出版社, 1997. 259~276
[29]陈坤峰,汪永忠.红外探测器参数自动计量测试[J].航空计测技术, 1997, 2: 25~27
[30]李义民.常规激光参数测试设备的计算机控制与分析系统[J].计量技术, 2003, 12(5): 7~11
[31]赛凡光电. 2005-2006产品目录.北京:赛凡光电仪器有限公司, 2005. 1~35
[32] David J. Kruglinski, Scot Wingo. George Shepherd.Visual C++ 6.0技术内幕. (第5版).希望图书创作室译.北京:北京希望电子出版社, 2002. 156~184, 550~594
[33] Allen Denver. Serial Communications in Win 32[J]. Microsoft Windows Developer Support, 1995, 3: 1~5
[34]求是科技,李现勇. Visual C++串口通信技术与工程实现. (第2版).北京:人民邮电出版社, 2004. 55~87
[35]阮秋琦编著.数字图像处理学. (第2版).北京:电子工业出版社, 2001. 23~97
[36]崔屹.数字图像处理技术与应用. (第2版).北京:电子工业出版社, 1997. 35~76
[37]马冲.探测器系统噪声对激光束束宽测量的影响[J].现代计量测试, 2000, 1: 39~40
[38] Belanger P A, Champagne Y. Beam propagation factor of diffracted laser beams[J]. Opt Comm, 1994, 105(3): 233~242
[39]赵长明.激光光束质量参数测量的实验研究[J].激光技术, 2000, 24(6): 341~344
[40]候捷.深入浅出MFC. (第2版).武汉:华中科技大学出版社, 2001. 1~165, 553~ 568
[41] Stanley B. Lippman著. C++Primer中文版. (第3版).潘爱民译.北京:中国电力出版社, 2002. 1~203, 277~366, 503~600, 719~832
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