压燃式天然气发动机计算机控制系统的开发
|
摘要
压燃式天然气发动机不仅压缩比高,具有高的热效率,而且HC的排放量也很低,目前国内外都积极开展这一领域的研究。电控发动机技术得到了越来越广泛的应用,并为传统的发动机带来了变革。现在越来越多的人加入到发动机电子行业中来,更加促进了发动机电子技术迅速地发展进步,发动机结合电子技术已是不争的事实。
本文介绍了天然气工业以及天然气发动机的发展状况,并指出天然气发动机在我国具有很大的潜力。
为实现天然气的压缩点火,作者把柴油机改装成了压燃式天然气发动机,包括供气系统和燃烧系统的改装设计。
首次采用网络图方法,为发动机控制系统开发提供指导,缩短开发周期。根据网络图和作者提出的螺旋改进模型,开发了计算机控制系统,包括系统控制电路设计和程序设计。该系统在DOS下对计算机底层硬件进行编程,因此实时性高,控制精确,可高速采集多路数据,并在线跟踪数据。主要用于压燃式天然气发动机电子控制,发动机标定试验,发动机参数采集和燃烧特性分析。
对计算机控制系统进行了标定匹配试验,并对压燃式天然气发动机的起动性和性能特性进行了一系列的试验。
本文的研究成果为提高发动机控制系统的开发效率提供了新途径;同时也为天然气发动机新的燃烧方式提供了试验基础。
Not only the compression ratio and the efficiency of compression ignition CNGengine are high, but also its HC emission is low. Types of projects about compressionignition CNG engine are researched in a lot of countries including china. Thatelectronic control technology is applied to the engine makes the engine developrapidly. More people it attracts, more rapid it develops. The electronic control systemhas become a necessity for the engine.
The development of natural gas and natural gas engine are discussed in this thesis.Natural gas engine has a good future in china.
Diesel engine was refitted to satisfy the requirements of compression ignitionCNG engine. The refitting included the gas supply system and the combustionchamber.
The idea of network diagram was firstly used in the engine electronic controlsystem. The development period is reduced much than it was to be. According to thenetwork diagram and new software helix model, the author developed a computercontrol system including the hardware and the software. It was programmed underDOS and has a good real-time character. Aided with this system, engine can becontrolled precisely. Beside all above, this system has a high acquisition speed and agood function to display data diagram online. This system is suitable for engineelectronic control, data acquisition and analysis of the combustion character and thesystem calibration.
The computer control system was calibrated according to the requirements of theengine. And also many experiments have been done for the starting character and theperformance of engine.
A high efficient method to develop the engine control system is discussed in thisthesis. Meanwhile it gives more experimental data for compression ignition CNGengine.
本文介绍了天然气工业以及天然气发动机的发展状况,并指出天然气发动机在我国具有很大的潜力。
为实现天然气的压缩点火,作者把柴油机改装成了压燃式天然气发动机,包括供气系统和燃烧系统的改装设计。
首次采用网络图方法,为发动机控制系统开发提供指导,缩短开发周期。根据网络图和作者提出的螺旋改进模型,开发了计算机控制系统,包括系统控制电路设计和程序设计。该系统在DOS下对计算机底层硬件进行编程,因此实时性高,控制精确,可高速采集多路数据,并在线跟踪数据。主要用于压燃式天然气发动机电子控制,发动机标定试验,发动机参数采集和燃烧特性分析。
对计算机控制系统进行了标定匹配试验,并对压燃式天然气发动机的起动性和性能特性进行了一系列的试验。
本文的研究成果为提高发动机控制系统的开发效率提供了新途径;同时也为天然气发动机新的燃烧方式提供了试验基础。
Not only the compression ratio and the efficiency of compression ignition CNGengine are high, but also its HC emission is low. Types of projects about compressionignition CNG engine are researched in a lot of countries including china. Thatelectronic control technology is applied to the engine makes the engine developrapidly. More people it attracts, more rapid it develops. The electronic control systemhas become a necessity for the engine.
The development of natural gas and natural gas engine are discussed in this thesis.Natural gas engine has a good future in china.
Diesel engine was refitted to satisfy the requirements of compression ignitionCNG engine. The refitting included the gas supply system and the combustionchamber.
The idea of network diagram was firstly used in the engine electronic controlsystem. The development period is reduced much than it was to be. According to thenetwork diagram and new software helix model, the author developed a computercontrol system including the hardware and the software. It was programmed underDOS and has a good real-time character. Aided with this system, engine can becontrolled precisely. Beside all above, this system has a high acquisition speed and agood function to display data diagram online. This system is suitable for engineelectronic control, data acquisition and analysis of the combustion character and thesystem calibration.
The computer control system was calibrated according to the requirements of theengine. And also many experiments have been done for the starting character and theperformance of engine.
A high efficient method to develop the engine control system is discussed in thisthesis. Meanwhile it gives more experimental data for compression ignition CNGengine.
引文
[1] 中华工商时报. 2004 年 12 月 07 日
[2] 军民两用技术与产品. 2000 年第四期
[3] 邹祖烨著. 国外代用燃料汽车发展概览. 中国铁道出版社, 1998
[4] Katsumi Ikeda et al. The Development of the Ceramic Gas Engine Co-Generation System. SAE 1999-01-3667.
[5] Akira Higashino, Hiroshi Sasaki, Keiji Kishishita. Compression ignition Combustion in a Prechambered and Heat Insulated Engine Using a Homogeneous Natural Gas Mixture. SAE2000-01-0330.
[6] A.K Chan. Ignition Assist System for Direct Injection Diesel Cycle Medium Duty Alternative Fuel Engines. NREL/SR-540-27502.
[7] Jef Raskin. 人本界面—交互式系统设计. 机械工业出版社, 2004
[8] 徐金梧, 杨德斌等著. Turbo C 实用大全. 机械工业出版社, 2002
[9] IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Develop's Manual: Volume 3. Intel Corporation, 2004
[10] Roger S.Pressman. 软件工程实践者的研究方法. 机械工业出版社, 2002
[11] 黄战华等著. 微机原理与接口技术. 机械工业出版社, 2002
[12] William C. Mitchell, Roger S. Schroer. Training Test Drivers With Data Acquisition. SAE 2000-01-3568, 2000
[13] R. C. Richards , Frank F. Stucki. Interface and Data Format Converters in Automotive Data Acquisition and Control Systems. SAE 810173, 1981
[14] Kazunori Kawai, Yasuyuki Ikeuchi. Development of Racing Motorcycles Utilizing An Integrated Data Acquisition System. SAE 2003-32-0046, 2003
[15] John A.Stankovic. Misconceptions About Real-Time Computing-A Serious Problem for Next-Generation Systems. IEEE Computer, Vol.21,No.10,October 1988
[16] John A Stankovic, krithi Ramamritham. Advances in Real-Time Systems. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1993
[17] V Vande, keere, B.Meuris. Embedded Real-Time Intelligence in the Physical Layer of Telecommunication Networks. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1993
[18] Lou Salkind. UNIX for Real-Time Control Problems and Solutions. IEEE Computer, 1988
[19] John T.Kubesh. Development of Throttleless Natural Gas Engine. NREL/SR-540-31141.
[20] Paul j.Fortier, Michelle Murphy. Simulation Analysis of Real-Time Task Scheduling. United States Naval Undersea Warfare Center,1994
[21] Lui sha, Josh B.Goodenough. Real-Time Scheduling Theory and Ada. IEEE Computer ,1990
[22] Wee K.Ng, Chinya V.Ravishankar. On-Line Detection and Resolution of Communication Deadlocks. IEEE Computer,1994
[23] Andrew S.Tanenbaum. Distributed Operating Systems. Tsinghua University Press,1995
[24] Makoto OGUCHI, Susumu MAITA. Development of a High Efficiency Natural Gas Engine. Yokohama, NGV2000, October 17-19,2000
[25] Jeffery D. Nater, Dennis L. Siebers. Natural Gas Autoignition Under Diesel Conditions: Experiments and Chemical Kinetic Modeling. SAE 942034.
[26] Naber J D, Siebers D L, Julio S S, et al. Effects of Natural Gas Composition on ignition Delay Under Diesel Condition. Combus Flame, 1994,99:192-200.
[27] 宋振寰,D.斯蒂芬. 直喷式柴油机燃用天然气燃料的研究. 大连理工大学学报, 2000.1
[28] 张惠明, 龚应利, 王强等. 混合器对天然气-空气混合过程的影响. 燃烧科学与技术, 2004 年第 4 期
[29] Jan-Ola Olsson, Per Tunestal. Compression Ratio Influence on Maximum Load of a Natural Gas Fueled HCCI Engine. SAE 2002-01-0111.
[30] Vilmar Aesoy, Harald Valland. Hot Surface Assisted Compression Ignition of Natural Gas in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine. SAE960767.
[31] Mohamed Y.E.Selim. Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Some Combustion Characteristic of Dual Fuel Engine. Energy Conversion and Management 44(2003)707—721
[32] R.G.Papagiannakis, D.T.Hountalas. Experimental Investigation Concerning The Effect of Natural Gas Percentage on Performance and Emissions of a DI Dual Fuel Diesel Engine. Applied Thermal Engineering 23(2003)353—365
[33] J.Hlltner et al. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Operation with Natural Gas:Fuel Composition Implications. Transaction of the ASME Vol.125, July 2003
[34] P.Amneus et al. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine: Experiments and Detailed Kinetic Calculations. The fourth international symposium COMODIA98(1998)
[35] Katsumi Ikeda et al. The Development of The Ceramic Gas Engine Co-Generation System. SAE 1999-01-3667.
[36] Vilmar Aesoy, Harald Valland. Hot Surface Assisted Compression Ignition of Natural Gas in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine. SAE960767.
[37] J.Hiltner et.al. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition operation with natural gas fuel composition implications. ASME July 2003Vol.125/837--844
[38] P.Maigaard, F.mauss. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine A Simulation Study on the Effects of Inhomogeneities. ASME April 2003Vol.125/466--471
[39] Magnus Christensen, Bengt Johansson. The Effecet of Combustion Chamber Geometry on HCCI Operation. SAE2002-01-0425
[40] G.B.Cox, K.A.DelVecchio, W.J.Hays. Development of a Direct Injected Natural Gas Engine System for Heavy-duty Vehicles. NREL Final Report (2000)
[41] Wai-Lin Litzke, James Wegrzyn. Natural Gas as a Future Fuel for Heavy-Duty Vehicles. SAE Paper 2001-01-2067
[42] Jeffery D. Nater, Dennis L. Siebers. Natural Gas Autoignition Under Diesel Conditions: Experiments and Chemical Kinetic Modeling. SAE 942034.
[43] Naber J D,Siebers D L,Julio S S, et al. Effects of Natural Gas Composition on ignition Delay Under Diesel Condition. Combus Flame,1994,99:192-200.
[44] Vilmar Aesoy, Harald Valland. Hot Surface Assisted Compression Ignition of Natural Gas in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine. SAE960767
[45] 国际金融报. 2004 年 10 月 28 日 第六版
[46] 天然气工业的研究报告. 北京证券公司,2002 年 9 月 27 日
[47] “国外天然气概况”. 中国液化天然气网站,2004 年
[2] 军民两用技术与产品. 2000 年第四期
[3] 邹祖烨著. 国外代用燃料汽车发展概览. 中国铁道出版社, 1998
[4] Katsumi Ikeda et al. The Development of the Ceramic Gas Engine Co-Generation System. SAE 1999-01-3667.
[5] Akira Higashino, Hiroshi Sasaki, Keiji Kishishita. Compression ignition Combustion in a Prechambered and Heat Insulated Engine Using a Homogeneous Natural Gas Mixture. SAE2000-01-0330.
[6] A.K Chan. Ignition Assist System for Direct Injection Diesel Cycle Medium Duty Alternative Fuel Engines. NREL/SR-540-27502.
[7] Jef Raskin. 人本界面—交互式系统设计. 机械工业出版社, 2004
[8] 徐金梧, 杨德斌等著. Turbo C 实用大全. 机械工业出版社, 2002
[9] IA-32 Intel Architecture Software Develop's Manual: Volume 3. Intel Corporation, 2004
[10] Roger S.Pressman. 软件工程实践者的研究方法. 机械工业出版社, 2002
[11] 黄战华等著. 微机原理与接口技术. 机械工业出版社, 2002
[12] William C. Mitchell, Roger S. Schroer. Training Test Drivers With Data Acquisition. SAE 2000-01-3568, 2000
[13] R. C. Richards , Frank F. Stucki. Interface and Data Format Converters in Automotive Data Acquisition and Control Systems. SAE 810173, 1981
[14] Kazunori Kawai, Yasuyuki Ikeuchi. Development of Racing Motorcycles Utilizing An Integrated Data Acquisition System. SAE 2003-32-0046, 2003
[15] John A.Stankovic. Misconceptions About Real-Time Computing-A Serious Problem for Next-Generation Systems. IEEE Computer, Vol.21,No.10,October 1988
[16] John A Stankovic, krithi Ramamritham. Advances in Real-Time Systems. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1993
[17] V Vande, keere, B.Meuris. Embedded Real-Time Intelligence in the Physical Layer of Telecommunication Networks. IEEE Computer Society Press, 1993
[18] Lou Salkind. UNIX for Real-Time Control Problems and Solutions. IEEE Computer, 1988
[19] John T.Kubesh. Development of Throttleless Natural Gas Engine. NREL/SR-540-31141.
[20] Paul j.Fortier, Michelle Murphy. Simulation Analysis of Real-Time Task Scheduling. United States Naval Undersea Warfare Center,1994
[21] Lui sha, Josh B.Goodenough. Real-Time Scheduling Theory and Ada. IEEE Computer ,1990
[22] Wee K.Ng, Chinya V.Ravishankar. On-Line Detection and Resolution of Communication Deadlocks. IEEE Computer,1994
[23] Andrew S.Tanenbaum. Distributed Operating Systems. Tsinghua University Press,1995
[24] Makoto OGUCHI, Susumu MAITA. Development of a High Efficiency Natural Gas Engine. Yokohama, NGV2000, October 17-19,2000
[25] Jeffery D. Nater, Dennis L. Siebers. Natural Gas Autoignition Under Diesel Conditions: Experiments and Chemical Kinetic Modeling. SAE 942034.
[26] Naber J D, Siebers D L, Julio S S, et al. Effects of Natural Gas Composition on ignition Delay Under Diesel Condition. Combus Flame, 1994,99:192-200.
[27] 宋振寰,D.斯蒂芬. 直喷式柴油机燃用天然气燃料的研究. 大连理工大学学报, 2000.1
[28] 张惠明, 龚应利, 王强等. 混合器对天然气-空气混合过程的影响. 燃烧科学与技术, 2004 年第 4 期
[29] Jan-Ola Olsson, Per Tunestal. Compression Ratio Influence on Maximum Load of a Natural Gas Fueled HCCI Engine. SAE 2002-01-0111.
[30] Vilmar Aesoy, Harald Valland. Hot Surface Assisted Compression Ignition of Natural Gas in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine. SAE960767.
[31] Mohamed Y.E.Selim. Effect of Exhaust Gas Recirculation on Some Combustion Characteristic of Dual Fuel Engine. Energy Conversion and Management 44(2003)707—721
[32] R.G.Papagiannakis, D.T.Hountalas. Experimental Investigation Concerning The Effect of Natural Gas Percentage on Performance and Emissions of a DI Dual Fuel Diesel Engine. Applied Thermal Engineering 23(2003)353—365
[33] J.Hlltner et al. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Operation with Natural Gas:Fuel Composition Implications. Transaction of the ASME Vol.125, July 2003
[34] P.Amneus et al. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine: Experiments and Detailed Kinetic Calculations. The fourth international symposium COMODIA98(1998)
[35] Katsumi Ikeda et al. The Development of The Ceramic Gas Engine Co-Generation System. SAE 1999-01-3667.
[36] Vilmar Aesoy, Harald Valland. Hot Surface Assisted Compression Ignition of Natural Gas in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine. SAE960767.
[37] J.Hiltner et.al. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition operation with natural gas fuel composition implications. ASME July 2003Vol.125/837--844
[38] P.Maigaard, F.mauss. Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition Engine A Simulation Study on the Effects of Inhomogeneities. ASME April 2003Vol.125/466--471
[39] Magnus Christensen, Bengt Johansson. The Effecet of Combustion Chamber Geometry on HCCI Operation. SAE2002-01-0425
[40] G.B.Cox, K.A.DelVecchio, W.J.Hays. Development of a Direct Injected Natural Gas Engine System for Heavy-duty Vehicles. NREL Final Report (2000)
[41] Wai-Lin Litzke, James Wegrzyn. Natural Gas as a Future Fuel for Heavy-Duty Vehicles. SAE Paper 2001-01-2067
[42] Jeffery D. Nater, Dennis L. Siebers. Natural Gas Autoignition Under Diesel Conditions: Experiments and Chemical Kinetic Modeling. SAE 942034.
[43] Naber J D,Siebers D L,Julio S S, et al. Effects of Natural Gas Composition on ignition Delay Under Diesel Condition. Combus Flame,1994,99:192-200.
[44] Vilmar Aesoy, Harald Valland. Hot Surface Assisted Compression Ignition of Natural Gas in a Direct Injection Diesel Engine. SAE960767
[45] 国际金融报. 2004 年 10 月 28 日 第六版
[46] 天然气工业的研究报告. 北京证券公司,2002 年 9 月 27 日
[47] “国外天然气概况”. 中国液化天然气网站,2004 年
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |