基于单片机平台的激光针灸仪器设计与灸法实现研究
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摘要
现代针灸治疗仪器的研究和发展已逐步走上了现代科技发展与结合的道路,尤其在基于传统中医理论基础上,结合计算机、微电子和激光等多种技术开发的性能完善且功能强大的智能化仪器,是传统中医针灸理论和实践与现代仪器科学技术的重要结合。本文研究的激光针灸仪器基于单片机平台并与半导体激光器技术相结合,它具有传统针灸许多无法比拟的优点,而且成本低,使用灵活,操作方便,克服了现有的一些仪器体积和重量大的缺点,也弥补了连续性直接照射或通过简单电子电路控制输出简单规律的光刺激信号存在容易被人体适应的不足,同时,对灸疗补泻手法的实现是对中医针灸疗法在工程上实现的技术创新。
在对激光针灸的产生和发展历史、现状及存在问题的介绍之后,本文探讨了激光针灸的生物效应,针对目前市场上存在的几种光疗仪器进行了深入研究,在传统中医理论和现代动态、深层刺激理论基础上,采用混沌方法对灸疗信号进行占空比调节,实现了传统灸法包括补泻手法,最终完成软、硬件部分的设计和实现。概括起来讲,首先是对几种典型的红外医疗仪和可见光治疗仪进行工作光谱的测试及机理研究,应用三套结构和原理基本相同、而测试光谱波段不同的高灵敏度光栅光谱仪完成光谱测试。在半导体激光器散热装置的特别制作及工作驱动电路的设计基础上,完成半导体激光器发光功率的测试,然后引入混沌数学模型方法来产生确定性的类随机信号,在 MSP430 单片机硬件电路设计的基础上,应用单片机 C语言进行程序设计并在线调试,实现传统灸法的动态刺激效果,采用混沌序列占空比信号消除人体适应性,调整和控制输出占空比的改变以达到灸疗的补泻手法的实现,最后对不同控制占空比情况下激光器输出的平均功率进行测试,完成工作波形的采集。
The research and development of the modern acupuncture therapeutic instruments have stepped in a developmental and associated way of modern technology stage by stage. Especially intelligent instruments with perfect performance and great functions are the important association of both modern instruments technologies and the traditional acupuncture theories and experiences, which are based on traditional Chinese medicine theory and combined with computers, micro-electronics and laser technologies. The laser acupuncture instrument in this paper is based on single chip and associated by semiconductor laser technology, which is superior to traditional acupuncture and has many excellences like low cost、smart application and convenient operation with some shortcoming recuperated like large capacity and weight. It also covers the shortages of continuous irradiation or that of simple disciplinary stimulate signal which is controlled by some simple electronic circuit can be easily adapted to. And the realization of reinforcing and reducing of moxibustion is a technological innovation in traditional moxibustion coming true in engineering.
This paper discusses the biologic effect of laser acupuncture, tests the spectra and researches into the mechanism about several kinds of light therapeutic instruments sold in market, after the generation and development history, actualities and subsistent problems of laser acupuncture are introduced. Traditional moxibustion including reinforcing and reducing is implemented by applying chaos method to control the duty cycle of moxibustion signal, which is based on the traditional Chinese medicine and modern dynamic deep level stimulating theories, and software and hardware are designed at the end. In sum, this paper chooses several representative infrared and visible light therapeutic instruments to test their spectra and researches into the mechanism by using
three precision spectrophotometers which are the same in structure and fundamental, but different in wave band. The luminescence power of semiconductor laser diode is tested after the radiator element of laser diode is made and the drive circuit is designed. Then, chaos mathematic model is introduced to produce deterministic class stochastic signal and C langrage program, which is based on the hardware circuit design of MSP430, is designed and on-line debugged to implement the dynamic stimulation effect and avoid the body adaptability with the duty cycle of chaos sequence. The duty cycle is adjusted and controlled to accomplish the reinforcing and reducing in moxibustion. At last, Average power of laser diode is tested under the conditions of different duty cycles and the waveforms are collected by applying virtual instrument.
在对激光针灸的产生和发展历史、现状及存在问题的介绍之后,本文探讨了激光针灸的生物效应,针对目前市场上存在的几种光疗仪器进行了深入研究,在传统中医理论和现代动态、深层刺激理论基础上,采用混沌方法对灸疗信号进行占空比调节,实现了传统灸法包括补泻手法,最终完成软、硬件部分的设计和实现。概括起来讲,首先是对几种典型的红外医疗仪和可见光治疗仪进行工作光谱的测试及机理研究,应用三套结构和原理基本相同、而测试光谱波段不同的高灵敏度光栅光谱仪完成光谱测试。在半导体激光器散热装置的特别制作及工作驱动电路的设计基础上,完成半导体激光器发光功率的测试,然后引入混沌数学模型方法来产生确定性的类随机信号,在 MSP430 单片机硬件电路设计的基础上,应用单片机 C语言进行程序设计并在线调试,实现传统灸法的动态刺激效果,采用混沌序列占空比信号消除人体适应性,调整和控制输出占空比的改变以达到灸疗的补泻手法的实现,最后对不同控制占空比情况下激光器输出的平均功率进行测试,完成工作波形的采集。
The research and development of the modern acupuncture therapeutic instruments have stepped in a developmental and associated way of modern technology stage by stage. Especially intelligent instruments with perfect performance and great functions are the important association of both modern instruments technologies and the traditional acupuncture theories and experiences, which are based on traditional Chinese medicine theory and combined with computers, micro-electronics and laser technologies. The laser acupuncture instrument in this paper is based on single chip and associated by semiconductor laser technology, which is superior to traditional acupuncture and has many excellences like low cost、smart application and convenient operation with some shortcoming recuperated like large capacity and weight. It also covers the shortages of continuous irradiation or that of simple disciplinary stimulate signal which is controlled by some simple electronic circuit can be easily adapted to. And the realization of reinforcing and reducing of moxibustion is a technological innovation in traditional moxibustion coming true in engineering.
This paper discusses the biologic effect of laser acupuncture, tests the spectra and researches into the mechanism about several kinds of light therapeutic instruments sold in market, after the generation and development history, actualities and subsistent problems of laser acupuncture are introduced. Traditional moxibustion including reinforcing and reducing is implemented by applying chaos method to control the duty cycle of moxibustion signal, which is based on the traditional Chinese medicine and modern dynamic deep level stimulating theories, and software and hardware are designed at the end. In sum, this paper chooses several representative infrared and visible light therapeutic instruments to test their spectra and researches into the mechanism by using
three precision spectrophotometers which are the same in structure and fundamental, but different in wave band. The luminescence power of semiconductor laser diode is tested after the radiator element of laser diode is made and the drive circuit is designed. Then, chaos mathematic model is introduced to produce deterministic class stochastic signal and C langrage program, which is based on the hardware circuit design of MSP430, is designed and on-line debugged to implement the dynamic stimulation effect and avoid the body adaptability with the duty cycle of chaos sequence. The duty cycle is adjusted and controlled to accomplish the reinforcing and reducing in moxibustion. At last, Average power of laser diode is tested under the conditions of different duty cycles and the waveforms are collected by applying virtual instrument.
引文
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2 孙国杰.当代中外针灸.武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,1990:2-19
3 裘沛然,陈汉平.新编中国针灸学.上海:上海科学技术出版社,1995:1-11
4 王德深.针灸学基础知识.北京:人民卫生出版社,2001:1-10
5 李忠明,范素勤.激光针灸及其作用机理.咸宁师专学报,1996,6:36-40
6 刘颂豪,莫飞智.光子学技术在祖国医学中的应用.中国计量学院学报,2001,9:16-23
7 姚翠萍,张镇西.激光和组织的相互作用.激光生物学报,1999,8(2):102-108
8 王之光.激光临床应用基础(二).现代医学仪器与应用,2002,14(4):1-4
9 范晓红,李正佳,朱长虹.低能量激光应用于医学治疗的机理研究进展.激光杂志, 2002,23(5):78-79
10 刘承宜,刘颂豪.低强度激光的生物光子学研究.中国激光医学杂志,1997,6(3): 125-131
11 D. Cambier, K. Blom, E. Witvrouw. The Influence of Low Intensity Infrared Laser Irradiation on Conduction Characteristics of Peripheral Nerve: A Randomised, Controlled, Double Blind Study on the Sural Nerve.Lasers Med Sci2000,15:195-200
12 G. D. Baxter, A. J. Bell, J. M. Allen, et al. Low Level Laser Therapy: Current Clinical Practice in Northern Ireland. Physiotherapy,1994,79:227-234.
13 陈庭仁,徐国祥,吴士明.激光理疗针灸学.广州:广东科技出版社,1995:1-51.
14 王连清,金肪红,呼素华,等.激光穴位照射及其临床应用.北京:科学出版社,1993,4: 157-161.
15 莫飞智,刘颂豪,李建强,等.激光穴位照射与针刺对血管性痴呆症状的疗效对照研究[J].现代康复,2001,5(3):36-37.
16 R. H. Stern. Laser Beam on Dental Hard Tissues. J Dent Res,1964,43:873
17 T. D. Myers. Lasers in Dentistry. J Am Dent Assoc, 1991,122:46-50
18 刘建国,陈凤荣,陈明哲.低强度激光经皮腔内照射预防血管成形术后再狭窄.中国激光医学杂志,1999,8(4):250-251
19 孟继武,任新光.无损伤激光光疗的探索.中国激光医学杂志,1998,7(3):178-179
20 王亚雷,孙培懋.大功率半导体激光医疗机技术及应用展望.激光与红外,1997,27(5): 263-266
21 Y. C. Zhang. Development of Laser Medical Treatment in China. Medical Equipment, 1994,7(1):15-18
22 J. Kubota. Effects of Diode Laser Therapy on Blood Flow in Axial Pattern Flaps in the Rat Mode1. Lasers Med Science, 2002,17:146-153
23 宋雪英,卜亚云,攸连秀.氦氖激光治疗皮肤溃疡的临床疗效.中国康复,2003,2(1): 35-36
24 都晓春,衣春光,王乙飞.六光道氦氖激光针灸治疗仪治疗类风湿性关节炎 65 例.吉林中医药,2001,6:46
25 V. H. Pham, H. A. Phuong, H. Bui, et al. Laser Diode-fiber Optic Apparatus for Acupuncture Treatment by Oriental Method. Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering, 1998:83-88
26 李方正,毛海涛,郭加平,等.He-Ne深部激光针灸仪及其应用.现代科学仪器,1994, (1):45-46
27 F. Z. Li, X. S. Li, H. J. Bu, et al. Development of the Deep He-Ne Laser Acupuncture Simulator and the Clinical Practice. Proceedings of SPIE-The International Society for Optical Engineering,1990:507-509
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