基于μC/OS-Ⅱ的文件管理功能的研究与实现
摘要
随着信息技术的飞速发展,特别是互联网技术的迅速普及,3C(计算机、通讯、消费电子)合一的加速,数字化产品空前繁荣。嵌入式系统的软件技术的发展已经成为数字化产品的核心以及设计创新和软件增值的关键因素。嵌入式操作系统则是嵌入式软件的核心。因此其是否性能稳定,实时性强,源码开放,价格低廉,功能完善,成为选择操作系统时考虑的重要因素,嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ具有以上优点,因而获得广泛应用。但μC/OS-Ⅱ不具备文件管理功能,是其缺陷之一,引入文件管理功能,既可以丰富和强化嵌入式操作系统的功能,也大大增强了嵌入式系统的数据管理和处理能力,同时还可以对其他应用软件的开发起支撑和促进的作用。具有很高的实用价值。
本文介绍了嵌入式操作系统的概念、发展历程、分类、各自的特点和应用范围。并对当前主流的嵌入式操作系统和文件系统进行了介绍和对比。重点介绍了嵌入式文件系统的相关概念及文件系统的组织和结构,分析了在嵌入式操作系统上引入文件管理功能的必要性,常用的文件系统的组织方法、体系结构和实现方式。在基于S3C44B0X和μC/OS-Ⅱ的平台上,设计实现了一个具备创建、删除、读写以及文件和目录管理等功能的基于NAND FLASH的FAT16文件管理模块。介绍了本文采用的数据结构、实现的原理和核心代码。该文件管理模块可以直接与桌面系统交换数据,具有一定通用性和推广价值。
本文基于以上背景,主要做了以下工作:
1、分析了主流嵌入式文件系统的组织方式、体系结构和实现方法,并根据嵌入式系统应用的特点选择了一种体系结构来实现,采用了能与桌面系统共享数据的FAT16格式来实现基于FLASH的底层驱动和管理。
2、通过提供底层操作接口来管理底层硬件资源,通过文件系统API接口来实现文件和目录的管理。在文件系统中采用模块化结构并大量使用了μC/OS-Ⅱ的系统功能,可以满足多任务和实时性的要求。
3、在μC/OS-Ⅱ的任务级实现了文件和目录的各种操作管理功能。文件系统经调试和编译后只占用很少的内存,适合嵌入式系统使用。
With the rapid development of the information technology(IT), especially the fast popularize and spread of Internet technology, 3C (Computer, Communication, Consumer-electric ) merge into one accelerate, the rapid development of these digital-products is very blooming. The development of the embedded software engineering has already became the core of the digitized products and key factor of design innovating and software appreciation. The embedded operating system is the core of the embedded software. So whether it's performance is steady, real-time character is strong, source code is opened, cheap, function is perfect, become the most important factor that should be considered while choosing the operating system, the embedded operating system μC/OS-Ⅱ has the above advantages, therefore won extensive application. But μC/OS-Ⅱ does not has the function of file management file, it is one of its defects, introduce functions of file management into μC/OS-Ⅱ, can be abundant and initiated the function of the embedded operating system , strengthened data management ability of the embedded system greatly, can also provide support and promote function when to developing other application software at the same time. Have very high practical valueThis article has introduced the definition, classification , one's own characteristics and ranges of application , development progress , of the embedded operating system. And has made an introduction to embedded operating system and file system of the present mainstream and the contrast of them. Have emphatically introduced the relevant concepts and organization and structure of the file system of the embedded file system especially, have analyzed that the necessity of the functions of management of initiate the function of file management on the embedded operating system, organization method , system structure and the way of realizing of the commonly used file system.On the platform of S3C44B0X and μC/OS-Ⅱ, I designed and realized an
file management module which has create, delete, read /write, manage file and directory etc functions and establishing it on NAND FLASH use FAT16 structure, have Introduced the data structure, principle of realization and essential key codes of the file system which has been used in this article. This file management module can exchange the data with the tabletop system directly, have certain common ability and value to popularizeThis article has done the following work mainly because of the above background:1. Analyzed the organization way, system structure and realization method to of the mainstream embedded file system, and has chosen a kind of system structure to realize according to the characteristic that the embedded system used, have choose FAT16 form that can share data with the tabletop system to realize the driver and management of basic hardware based on FLASH.2. Manage basic hardware resource through offering the hardware operation interface, realize file and directory management through file system API interface. Use module structure and a large amount of systematic functions of μC/OS-Ⅱ in the file system, can meet the demand of muti-taskand and real-time character.3. Realize a series of operation functions of management of file and catalogue in task grade of μC/OS-Ⅱ. The file system only occupy few memory after debugging and compiling, is suit the embedded system to use
本文介绍了嵌入式操作系统的概念、发展历程、分类、各自的特点和应用范围。并对当前主流的嵌入式操作系统和文件系统进行了介绍和对比。重点介绍了嵌入式文件系统的相关概念及文件系统的组织和结构,分析了在嵌入式操作系统上引入文件管理功能的必要性,常用的文件系统的组织方法、体系结构和实现方式。在基于S3C44B0X和μC/OS-Ⅱ的平台上,设计实现了一个具备创建、删除、读写以及文件和目录管理等功能的基于NAND FLASH的FAT16文件管理模块。介绍了本文采用的数据结构、实现的原理和核心代码。该文件管理模块可以直接与桌面系统交换数据,具有一定通用性和推广价值。
本文基于以上背景,主要做了以下工作:
1、分析了主流嵌入式文件系统的组织方式、体系结构和实现方法,并根据嵌入式系统应用的特点选择了一种体系结构来实现,采用了能与桌面系统共享数据的FAT16格式来实现基于FLASH的底层驱动和管理。
2、通过提供底层操作接口来管理底层硬件资源,通过文件系统API接口来实现文件和目录的管理。在文件系统中采用模块化结构并大量使用了μC/OS-Ⅱ的系统功能,可以满足多任务和实时性的要求。
3、在μC/OS-Ⅱ的任务级实现了文件和目录的各种操作管理功能。文件系统经调试和编译后只占用很少的内存,适合嵌入式系统使用。
With the rapid development of the information technology(IT), especially the fast popularize and spread of Internet technology, 3C (Computer, Communication, Consumer-electric ) merge into one accelerate, the rapid development of these digital-products is very blooming. The development of the embedded software engineering has already became the core of the digitized products and key factor of design innovating and software appreciation. The embedded operating system is the core of the embedded software. So whether it's performance is steady, real-time character is strong, source code is opened, cheap, function is perfect, become the most important factor that should be considered while choosing the operating system, the embedded operating system μC/OS-Ⅱ has the above advantages, therefore won extensive application. But μC/OS-Ⅱ does not has the function of file management file, it is one of its defects, introduce functions of file management into μC/OS-Ⅱ, can be abundant and initiated the function of the embedded operating system , strengthened data management ability of the embedded system greatly, can also provide support and promote function when to developing other application software at the same time. Have very high practical valueThis article has introduced the definition, classification , one's own characteristics and ranges of application , development progress , of the embedded operating system. And has made an introduction to embedded operating system and file system of the present mainstream and the contrast of them. Have emphatically introduced the relevant concepts and organization and structure of the file system of the embedded file system especially, have analyzed that the necessity of the functions of management of initiate the function of file management on the embedded operating system, organization method , system structure and the way of realizing of the commonly used file system.On the platform of S3C44B0X and μC/OS-Ⅱ, I designed and realized an
file management module which has create, delete, read /write, manage file and directory etc functions and establishing it on NAND FLASH use FAT16 structure, have Introduced the data structure, principle of realization and essential key codes of the file system which has been used in this article. This file management module can exchange the data with the tabletop system directly, have certain common ability and value to popularizeThis article has done the following work mainly because of the above background:1. Analyzed the organization way, system structure and realization method to of the mainstream embedded file system, and has chosen a kind of system structure to realize according to the characteristic that the embedded system used, have choose FAT16 form that can share data with the tabletop system to realize the driver and management of basic hardware based on FLASH.2. Manage basic hardware resource through offering the hardware operation interface, realize file and directory management through file system API interface. Use module structure and a large amount of systematic functions of μC/OS-Ⅱ in the file system, can meet the demand of muti-taskand and real-time character.3. Realize a series of operation functions of management of file and catalogue in task grade of μC/OS-Ⅱ. The file system only occupy few memory after debugging and compiling, is suit the embedded system to use
引文
[1] Jean J.Labrosse著,劭贝贝译.嵌入式实时操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ第2版.北京:北京航空航天大学出版,2003.144～148,289～300.
[2] 周立功等编著.ARM微控制器基础与实践.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.414～423
[3] 王田苗.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发—基于ARM微处理器与μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统(第2版).北京:清华大学出版社,2003.23～25,132～134
[4] 陈明计,周立功等.嵌入式实时操作系统SmallRTOS51原理及应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[5] 陈赜.ARM嵌入式技术实践教程.湖北武汉:华中理工大学出版社,2003.12～15,170～174
[6] 马忠梅,马广云等.ARM嵌入式处理器结构与应用基础.北京:北京北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.135～137,23～25
[7] ARM公司. ARM Architecture Reference Mauanl. 2000
[8] ARM公司. ARM7TDMI (Rev4) Technical Reference Mauanl. 2000
[9] SAMSUNG公司. S3C44BOX RISC Microprocessor Re ference Mauanl. 2000
[10] 探矽工作室.嵌入式系统开发圣经.北京:中国青年出版社,2002
[11] 金晶,浦汉来,朱莉.基于FLASH存储器的嵌入式文件系统的设计与实现.江苏:电子器件,2003,(2):28～42
[12] 张红兵,魏波.大容量内存文件系统设计及μC/OS下的实现.单片机及嵌入式系统应用,2004,(5):33～34
[13] 林继宝.嵌入式样系统中基于FAT表的存储器管理.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002,(11):52～53
[14] 陈峰,尹寒.嵌入式系统中的FLASH存储管理。北京:单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003.(4):22～25
[15] 吴雨俊.嵌入式系统中的线性FLASH文件系统设计.北京:单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003.(8)
[16] 白衡.嵌入式操作系统剪裁技术研究.西北工业大学学报,2002.(2)
[17] 王海军,安建平,卜祥元.基于TMS320LF2407A支持FAT32文件系统嵌入式软件的实现.北京:电子技术应用,2004.(6)
[18] 王军锋,曹伯燕.车载MP3中Flash文件系统的设计与应用.北京:单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004.(4)
[19] 贾东耀.uClinux下Nor Flash的JFFS2文件系统构建.西安:国外电子元器件.2003.(12)
[20] 郑良辰.日志文件系统在嵌入式存储设备上的设计和实现:[硕士学位论文].北京:中科院软件研究所,2001
[21] 何英.一种嵌入式文件系统的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学,2001
[22] 马学文,朱名日.uClinux下JFFS2文件系统的实现。北京:单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004.(5)
[23] 曾鸣.μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统在嵌入式平台上移植的一般方法和技巧.南京:今日电子,2002.(9)
[24] 易旭东.μC/OS-Ⅱ在嵌入式系统中的应用:[硕士学位论文].成都: 四川大学,2003
[25] 罗悦铎.大容量存储设备在嵌入式系统中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文].上海,华东师范大学,2004
[26] 李驹光,聂雪媛,江泽明等.ARM应用系统开发详解—基于S3C4510B的系统设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[27] 蒋路.μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统向ARM7开发平台的移植.北京:电子设计应用,2004.(8)
[28] FAT16与FAT32文件系统结构的主要区别.URL:http://cracker2003.nease.net/htm/disk010.htm
[29] 董明,刘加,刘润生.适宜于嵌入式多媒体应用的Flash文件系统.北京:电子设计应用,2004.(7)
[30] Linux环境下日志式文件系统面面观.URL:http://www.20cn.net/ns/wz/sys/data/20030523210810.htm
[31] 硬盘FAT文件系统原理的详细分析.URL:http://www.dostor.com/hdd/diy/2004-04-02/0002410253.shtml
[32] NAND和NOR Flash技术分析.URL:http://www.epc.com.cn/2002/0004/ztl.htm
[33] 日志文件系统的概述.URL:http://www.linuxforum.net/docnew/sho wthreaded.php?Cat=&Board=sys&Number=617&page=0&view=collap sed&sb=5&o=all
[34] SmartMedia SmartMedia File System File System. URL:http://www.samsung.com/Products/Flash/TechnicalInfo/filesys.pdf
[35] TrueFFS Technology. URL:http://www.m-sys.com/Content/Corporate/technology/TrueFFS.asp
[36] Michael Barr. Programming Embedded Systems in C and C++. USA: O'Reilly Palo Alto, California Publish Group; January 1999
[2] 周立功等编著.ARM微控制器基础与实践.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.414～423
[3] 王田苗.嵌入式系统设计与实例开发—基于ARM微处理器与μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统(第2版).北京:清华大学出版社,2003.23～25,132～134
[4] 陈明计,周立功等.嵌入式实时操作系统SmallRTOS51原理及应用.北京:北京航空航天大学出版社,2003
[5] 陈赜.ARM嵌入式技术实践教程.湖北武汉:华中理工大学出版社,2003.12～15,170～174
[6] 马忠梅,马广云等.ARM嵌入式处理器结构与应用基础.北京:北京北京航空航天大学出版社,2003.135～137,23～25
[7] ARM公司. ARM Architecture Reference Mauanl. 2000
[8] ARM公司. ARM7TDMI (Rev4) Technical Reference Mauanl. 2000
[9] SAMSUNG公司. S3C44BOX RISC Microprocessor Re ference Mauanl. 2000
[10] 探矽工作室.嵌入式系统开发圣经.北京:中国青年出版社,2002
[11] 金晶,浦汉来,朱莉.基于FLASH存储器的嵌入式文件系统的设计与实现.江苏:电子器件,2003,(2):28～42
[12] 张红兵,魏波.大容量内存文件系统设计及μC/OS下的实现.单片机及嵌入式系统应用,2004,(5):33～34
[13] 林继宝.嵌入式样系统中基于FAT表的存储器管理.单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2002,(11):52～53
[14] 陈峰,尹寒.嵌入式系统中的FLASH存储管理。北京:单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003.(4):22～25
[15] 吴雨俊.嵌入式系统中的线性FLASH文件系统设计.北京:单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2003.(8)
[16] 白衡.嵌入式操作系统剪裁技术研究.西北工业大学学报,2002.(2)
[17] 王海军,安建平,卜祥元.基于TMS320LF2407A支持FAT32文件系统嵌入式软件的实现.北京:电子技术应用,2004.(6)
[18] 王军锋,曹伯燕.车载MP3中Flash文件系统的设计与应用.北京:单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004.(4)
[19] 贾东耀.uClinux下Nor Flash的JFFS2文件系统构建.西安:国外电子元器件.2003.(12)
[20] 郑良辰.日志文件系统在嵌入式存储设备上的设计和实现:[硕士学位论文].北京:中科院软件研究所,2001
[21] 何英.一种嵌入式文件系统的设计与实现:[硕士学位论文].成都:电子科技大学,2001
[22] 马学文,朱名日.uClinux下JFFS2文件系统的实现。北京:单片机与嵌入式系统应用,2004.(5)
[23] 曾鸣.μC/OS-Ⅱ实时操作系统在嵌入式平台上移植的一般方法和技巧.南京:今日电子,2002.(9)
[24] 易旭东.μC/OS-Ⅱ在嵌入式系统中的应用:[硕士学位论文].成都: 四川大学,2003
[25] 罗悦铎.大容量存储设备在嵌入式系统中的应用研究:[硕士学位论文].上海,华东师范大学,2004
[26] 李驹光,聂雪媛,江泽明等.ARM应用系统开发详解—基于S3C4510B的系统设计.北京:清华大学出版社,2003
[27] 蒋路.μC/OS-Ⅱ操作系统向ARM7开发平台的移植.北京:电子设计应用,2004.(8)
[28] FAT16与FAT32文件系统结构的主要区别.URL:http://cracker2003.nease.net/htm/disk010.htm
[29] 董明,刘加,刘润生.适宜于嵌入式多媒体应用的Flash文件系统.北京:电子设计应用,2004.(7)
[30] Linux环境下日志式文件系统面面观.URL:http://www.20cn.net/ns/wz/sys/data/20030523210810.htm
[31] 硬盘FAT文件系统原理的详细分析.URL:http://www.dostor.com/hdd/diy/2004-04-02/0002410253.shtml
[32] NAND和NOR Flash技术分析.URL:http://www.epc.com.cn/2002/0004/ztl.htm
[33] 日志文件系统的概述.URL:http://www.linuxforum.net/docnew/sho wthreaded.php?Cat=&Board=sys&Number=617&page=0&view=collap sed&sb=5&o=all
[34] SmartMedia SmartMedia File System File System. URL:http://www.samsung.com/Products/Flash/TechnicalInfo/filesys.pdf
[35] TrueFFS Technology. URL:http://www.m-sys.com/Content/Corporate/technology/TrueFFS.asp
[36] Michael Barr. Programming Embedded Systems in C and C++. USA: O'Reilly Palo Alto, California Publish Group; January 1999