河南旅游演艺资源评价和开发研究
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摘要
河南是我国旅游资源大省,资源总量丰富,其中人文类旅游资源占资源总量的63.62%。同时,河南的人文旅游资源品位高,具有极大的历史研究价值和丰富的文化内涵。但这类旅游资源开发难度大且旅游趣味性不强,致使一些珍贵的历史文化资源闲置,还使一部分民间文化渐渐流失。而旅游演艺的出现改变了河南旅游面临的这一尴尬问题,它将河南厚重的历史文化转化为大众喜闻乐见的文艺表演,使游客在轻松有趣的氛围中感受中原文化的独特魅力。
鉴于旅游演艺对河南旅游业发展所起的巨大的推动作用,大力发展旅游演艺产品成为许多学者和旅游业内人士关注的问题。目前河南现有的旅游演艺产品在发展过程中存在很多问题,如缺乏创新,产品的模仿现象突出,致使许多旅游演艺如一夜昙花。究其原因主要是由旅游演艺资源的不合理利用,旅游演艺产品的开发模式和主题单一造成的。本文主要针对这一问题,对河南的旅游演艺资源进行了分类、调查和评价。
本文将层次分析法和特尔菲法相结合,建立了适合河南旅游演艺资源评价的模型,在评价过程中,运用了专家意见法确定了各评价指标的权重,运用了问卷调查法得到了各评价因子的赋值,最后通过计算,明确了河南旅游演艺资源等级。又根据河南旅游演艺资源近期的开发利状况,最终确定了目前河南旅游演艺开发的优势资源所在:太极拳、根文化、豫剧、古城文化和民间庙会等。并在此基础上,分别从资源、景区发展、地区发展三个角度提出了河南旅游演艺的开发思路;尝试性提出了整合加工型和转化提升型两种河南旅游演艺产品开发模式以及游客参演、流动表演、工艺表演三种新型的旅游演艺产品类型。从而为河南旅游演艺资源开发与规划提供系统的、科学的、全面的理论依据,也希望对河南旅游演艺产品优化起到一定的参考作用。
The majority are culture resource in the numerous tourism resources in Henan, tourist resources of humanism 63.62% of total of resources. This kind of resources has extremely high culture connotation and history research value, but lack of interest and development difficulties.But the travel acting travel of Henan has dramatically changed the embarrassing questions facing, it will Henan strong historical culture into mass popular art performance, visitors atmosphere in the fun, relaxed feeling culture unique charm.
In view of the development of Henan tourism travel performing arts played great impetus, vigorously developing tourist entertainment products become many scholars and tourism personage inside the concern. At present Henan existing tourism products in the process of the development acting has many problems, such as lack of innovation, product imitation, plagiarism is outstanding, caused many tourist acting like night of broad-leaved epiphyllum, put in a great deal of human resource, but the actual effect is not ideal. Investigate its reason is mainly composed of tourism of acting resources utilization, not acting product development mode travel caused and themes single.
This articre built the evaluation model of tourism performing art resource by the AHP and the Delphi method,it ensures various index weight by expert advice method and each evaluation factors assignment by questionnaire survey in the evaluation process. Finally through calculation, clear the Henan tourism acting resource level. According to Henan tourism and entertainment resources situation, the recent development and the present Henan tourism finally determined where the advantage of development resources performing tai chi chuan, root culture, Henan opera has been innovating,ancient city culture and folk temple fair, etc. And on this basis, the development respectively from resources, scenic spot, regional development of Henan tourism three aspects: acting development train of thought; Tentative processing and forward integration into type two kinds of Henan tourism promotion acting product development mode and tourists noted, flow performance, process performance three new tourism acting products type. Therefore, it provides systemic, scientific and comprehensive theoretical basis for the development and plan of Henan tourism performing art resource, also hope to provide certain reference value to the development of other tourism performing art resources.
鉴于旅游演艺对河南旅游业发展所起的巨大的推动作用,大力发展旅游演艺产品成为许多学者和旅游业内人士关注的问题。目前河南现有的旅游演艺产品在发展过程中存在很多问题,如缺乏创新,产品的模仿现象突出,致使许多旅游演艺如一夜昙花。究其原因主要是由旅游演艺资源的不合理利用,旅游演艺产品的开发模式和主题单一造成的。本文主要针对这一问题,对河南的旅游演艺资源进行了分类、调查和评价。
本文将层次分析法和特尔菲法相结合,建立了适合河南旅游演艺资源评价的模型,在评价过程中,运用了专家意见法确定了各评价指标的权重,运用了问卷调查法得到了各评价因子的赋值,最后通过计算,明确了河南旅游演艺资源等级。又根据河南旅游演艺资源近期的开发利状况,最终确定了目前河南旅游演艺开发的优势资源所在:太极拳、根文化、豫剧、古城文化和民间庙会等。并在此基础上,分别从资源、景区发展、地区发展三个角度提出了河南旅游演艺的开发思路;尝试性提出了整合加工型和转化提升型两种河南旅游演艺产品开发模式以及游客参演、流动表演、工艺表演三种新型的旅游演艺产品类型。从而为河南旅游演艺资源开发与规划提供系统的、科学的、全面的理论依据,也希望对河南旅游演艺产品优化起到一定的参考作用。
The majority are culture resource in the numerous tourism resources in Henan, tourist resources of humanism 63.62% of total of resources. This kind of resources has extremely high culture connotation and history research value, but lack of interest and development difficulties.But the travel acting travel of Henan has dramatically changed the embarrassing questions facing, it will Henan strong historical culture into mass popular art performance, visitors atmosphere in the fun, relaxed feeling culture unique charm.
In view of the development of Henan tourism travel performing arts played great impetus, vigorously developing tourist entertainment products become many scholars and tourism personage inside the concern. At present Henan existing tourism products in the process of the development acting has many problems, such as lack of innovation, product imitation, plagiarism is outstanding, caused many tourist acting like night of broad-leaved epiphyllum, put in a great deal of human resource, but the actual effect is not ideal. Investigate its reason is mainly composed of tourism of acting resources utilization, not acting product development mode travel caused and themes single.
This articre built the evaluation model of tourism performing art resource by the AHP and the Delphi method,it ensures various index weight by expert advice method and each evaluation factors assignment by questionnaire survey in the evaluation process. Finally through calculation, clear the Henan tourism acting resource level. According to Henan tourism and entertainment resources situation, the recent development and the present Henan tourism finally determined where the advantage of development resources performing tai chi chuan, root culture, Henan opera has been innovating,ancient city culture and folk temple fair, etc. And on this basis, the development respectively from resources, scenic spot, regional development of Henan tourism three aspects: acting development train of thought; Tentative processing and forward integration into type two kinds of Henan tourism promotion acting product development mode and tourists noted, flow performance, process performance three new tourism acting products type. Therefore, it provides systemic, scientific and comprehensive theoretical basis for the development and plan of Henan tourism performing art resource, also hope to provide certain reference value to the development of other tourism performing art resources.
引文
[1]李雷雷,张晗.旅游表演的文化产业生产模式:深圳华侨城主题公园个案研究[J].旅游科学,2005,19(6):44-45.
[2]张永安,苏黎.主题公园文艺表演产品层次探究:以深圳华侨城主题公园为例[J].江苏商论,2003,12:120-121.
[3]胡宏伟,孙金龙.对我国旅游文化资本化的思考——以实景演出为例[J].经济师,2009(6):258-259.
[4]李美莲.桂林旅游演艺发展研究[J].市场论坛,2009(5):65-66.
[5]刘艳兰.旅游演艺的发展历程及其对旅游业的影响[J].科技广场,2009(8):32-33.
[6]诸葛艺婷,崔凤军.我国旅游演出产品精品化策略探讨[J].社会科学家,2005,9(5):121-123.
[7]陈颖颖.北京旅游演艺产品开发研究[D].北京:北京第二外国语学院,2009,23-35.
[8]崔凤军.城市旅游的发展与实践[M].北京:中国旅游出版社,2006(3):185-199.
[9]徐世丕.异军突起:勃兴的旅游演艺市场[J].中外文化交流,2006(3):16-19.
[10] Sayre.Culture and tourism:a framework for further analysis[J].Managing Leisure,2002(7):164-175.
[11] Yvonne Payne Daniel.Tourism Dance Performances Authenticity and Creatyvity[J] .Annals of Tourism Research.1996,23(4):780-797.
[12] SKim&Ivan.Culture,Tourism and Cultural Tourism:boundaries and frontiers in performances of Balinese music and dance[J].Journal of Intercultural Studies.2001(22):173-187.
[13] Erik.Janiskee.Event Management & Event Tourism[J].Annals of Tourism Research,2006(33):872-873.
[14] Shay.The role of performing arts in the interpretation of heritage sites[J].SPAFA Journal,2004(14):37-44.
[15] Oakes.Thearts tourismpartnership[J].JournalofTravelResearch,1986.
[16]陈铭杰.景区演艺活动品牌化探讨[N].中国旅游报,2005-5-11(7).
[17]李幼常.国内旅游演艺研究[D].四川:四川师范大学,2007.
[18]余琪.国内大型主题性旅游演艺产品开发初探[D].上海:华东师范大学,2009.
[19]王霞.桂林漓江[EB/OL]. http://www.0773cc.com/GuiLinJD/2008-11/20081121439.html,2008-11-21.
[20]邓永进,薛群慧等.民俗风情旅游[M].云南:云南大学出版社出版社,2007年8月,130-132.
[21]王悦明.山东省旅游节庆发展研究[D].山东:山东大学,2008.
[22]许二凤,洪帅.河南省旅游演艺的现状分析与前景展望[J].河南商业高等专科学校学报,2009(11):69-73.
[23]陈兴中,方海川,汪明林.旅游资源开发与规划[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[24]保继刚,楚义芳.旅游地理学[M].高等教育出版社,2003.
[25]李天元.旅游学概论[M].天津:南开大学出版社,2003.
[26]陆胜.旅游地生命周期的本质分析与应用[EB/OL].http://www.jnybnews.cn/news_view.asp?id=2187,2010-7-23.
[27]庄志民.旅游经济文化研究[M].上海:立信会计出版社,2005.5.
[28]新华网.河南“旅游立省”带来“井喷”效应[EB/OL].http://news.shangdu.com/101/2009/10/18/2009-10-18_235008_101.shtml,2010-7-23.
[29]张新斌.寻根文化与寻根战略[J].中国文化报,2009 (2).
[30]中新网.中原文化:华夏民族的根脉[EB/OL].http://www.henannews.com.cn/lanmu/news/1228/2010-07-08/news-1228-99361.shtml,2010-7-8.
[31]李庆宝.“唢呐之乡”——泌阳[EB/OL].http://www.jzrb.com/txy/article/20051113489.htm,2005-11-1.
[32]马荥.河南发展旅游演艺的文化资源优势[J].中国商贸,2011.1.
[33]刘益.从旅游规划角度论《旅游资源分类、调查与评价》的实践意义[J].旅游学刊,2006(1).
[34]陈传康,刘振礼.旅游资源鉴赏与开发[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1990.
[35]黄远水.简议我国旅游资源分类与评价方案[J].旅游学刊,2006(2).
[36]陶少华.体验经济视角下的文学旅游发展策略[J].桂林旅游高等专科学校学报,2006.
[37]宗晓莲.旅游开发与文化变迁[M].北京:中国旅游出版社,2006.174.
[38]施薇.以景观为依托戏曲旅游结合[N].中国文化报,2003-06-25(2).
[39]王晓民.延安旅游:从看景到体验[N].中国旅游报,2006-05-17(1).
[40]张明灿,代延玉."风中少林"演绎"舞武"魅力[N].中国旅游报,2006-04-03(13).
[41]张明灿.和谐理念创新文化旅游——《禅宗少林·音乐大典》以项目构建和谐旅游[N].中国旅游报,2007-3-9(5).
[42]刘广锐,李如跃.论河南历史名人资源与旅游开发[J].科技经济市场,2007(3):315-316.
[43]张芳,乔宇静.河南宗教文化旅游资源开发探析[J].重庆科技学院学报,2009(2):134-135.
[44]宋军令,董晓英.略论河南故事旅游资源的开发利用[J].商场现代化,2009(2):214-215.
[45]赵保生.河南旅游资源特色及其对旅游活动的影响[J].郑州经济管理干部学院学报,2004(6):24-26.
[46]丘贤锋.河南武术文化旅游资源评价[J].体育文化导刊,2008(7):41-43.
[47]李晶,韩雪.略论河南民俗文化旅游开发策略[J].焦作大学学报,2007(10).
[48]侯钰钰,孙厚琴.中原文化与河南旅游产品创新之研究[J].河南商业高等专科学校学报,2008(1):83-86.
[49]陶宁.中原文化如何为河南特色旅游做嫁衣[J].牡丹江大学学报,2007(8):72-77.
[50]何新年.河南文化旅游资源的特点与开发[J].中州学刊,2004(1):21-23.
[51]杨艺.区域文化资源向旅游产品转化的研究[J].安徽农业科学,2008(27).
[2]张永安,苏黎.主题公园文艺表演产品层次探究:以深圳华侨城主题公园为例[J].江苏商论,2003,12:120-121.
[3]胡宏伟,孙金龙.对我国旅游文化资本化的思考——以实景演出为例[J].经济师,2009(6):258-259.
[4]李美莲.桂林旅游演艺发展研究[J].市场论坛,2009(5):65-66.
[5]刘艳兰.旅游演艺的发展历程及其对旅游业的影响[J].科技广场,2009(8):32-33.
[6]诸葛艺婷,崔凤军.我国旅游演出产品精品化策略探讨[J].社会科学家,2005,9(5):121-123.
[7]陈颖颖.北京旅游演艺产品开发研究[D].北京:北京第二外国语学院,2009,23-35.
[8]崔凤军.城市旅游的发展与实践[M].北京:中国旅游出版社,2006(3):185-199.
[9]徐世丕.异军突起:勃兴的旅游演艺市场[J].中外文化交流,2006(3):16-19.
[10] Sayre.Culture and tourism:a framework for further analysis[J].Managing Leisure,2002(7):164-175.
[11] Yvonne Payne Daniel.Tourism Dance Performances Authenticity and Creatyvity[J] .Annals of Tourism Research.1996,23(4):780-797.
[12] SKim&Ivan.Culture,Tourism and Cultural Tourism:boundaries and frontiers in performances of Balinese music and dance[J].Journal of Intercultural Studies.2001(22):173-187.
[13] Erik.Janiskee.Event Management & Event Tourism[J].Annals of Tourism Research,2006(33):872-873.
[14] Shay.The role of performing arts in the interpretation of heritage sites[J].SPAFA Journal,2004(14):37-44.
[15] Oakes.Thearts tourismpartnership[J].JournalofTravelResearch,1986.
[16]陈铭杰.景区演艺活动品牌化探讨[N].中国旅游报,2005-5-11(7).
[17]李幼常.国内旅游演艺研究[D].四川:四川师范大学,2007.
[18]余琪.国内大型主题性旅游演艺产品开发初探[D].上海:华东师范大学,2009.
[19]王霞.桂林漓江[EB/OL]. http://www.0773cc.com/GuiLinJD/2008-11/20081121439.html,2008-11-21.
[20]邓永进,薛群慧等.民俗风情旅游[M].云南:云南大学出版社出版社,2007年8月,130-132.
[21]王悦明.山东省旅游节庆发展研究[D].山东:山东大学,2008.
[22]许二凤,洪帅.河南省旅游演艺的现状分析与前景展望[J].河南商业高等专科学校学报,2009(11):69-73.
[23]陈兴中,方海川,汪明林.旅游资源开发与规划[M].北京:科学出版社,2005.
[24]保继刚,楚义芳.旅游地理学[M].高等教育出版社,2003.
[25]李天元.旅游学概论[M].天津:南开大学出版社,2003.
[26]陆胜.旅游地生命周期的本质分析与应用[EB/OL].http://www.jnybnews.cn/news_view.asp?id=2187,2010-7-23.
[27]庄志民.旅游经济文化研究[M].上海:立信会计出版社,2005.5.
[28]新华网.河南“旅游立省”带来“井喷”效应[EB/OL].http://news.shangdu.com/101/2009/10/18/2009-10-18_235008_101.shtml,2010-7-23.
[29]张新斌.寻根文化与寻根战略[J].中国文化报,2009 (2).
[30]中新网.中原文化:华夏民族的根脉[EB/OL].http://www.henannews.com.cn/lanmu/news/1228/2010-07-08/news-1228-99361.shtml,2010-7-8.
[31]李庆宝.“唢呐之乡”——泌阳[EB/OL].http://www.jzrb.com/txy/article/20051113489.htm,2005-11-1.
[32]马荥.河南发展旅游演艺的文化资源优势[J].中国商贸,2011.1.
[33]刘益.从旅游规划角度论《旅游资源分类、调查与评价》的实践意义[J].旅游学刊,2006(1).
[34]陈传康,刘振礼.旅游资源鉴赏与开发[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1990.
[35]黄远水.简议我国旅游资源分类与评价方案[J].旅游学刊,2006(2).
[36]陶少华.体验经济视角下的文学旅游发展策略[J].桂林旅游高等专科学校学报,2006.
[37]宗晓莲.旅游开发与文化变迁[M].北京:中国旅游出版社,2006.174.
[38]施薇.以景观为依托戏曲旅游结合[N].中国文化报,2003-06-25(2).
[39]王晓民.延安旅游:从看景到体验[N].中国旅游报,2006-05-17(1).
[40]张明灿,代延玉."风中少林"演绎"舞武"魅力[N].中国旅游报,2006-04-03(13).
[41]张明灿.和谐理念创新文化旅游——《禅宗少林·音乐大典》以项目构建和谐旅游[N].中国旅游报,2007-3-9(5).
[42]刘广锐,李如跃.论河南历史名人资源与旅游开发[J].科技经济市场,2007(3):315-316.
[43]张芳,乔宇静.河南宗教文化旅游资源开发探析[J].重庆科技学院学报,2009(2):134-135.
[44]宋军令,董晓英.略论河南故事旅游资源的开发利用[J].商场现代化,2009(2):214-215.
[45]赵保生.河南旅游资源特色及其对旅游活动的影响[J].郑州经济管理干部学院学报,2004(6):24-26.
[46]丘贤锋.河南武术文化旅游资源评价[J].体育文化导刊,2008(7):41-43.
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