图书情报学知识图谱的构建及解读
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摘要
科学计量学和可视化技术的发展,驱动了知识图谱应用的广泛研究。知识图谱目前在教育科研、技术更新、智力结构分析和社会问题等方面应用广泛,而作为知识管理的方法之一,知识图谱在学科领域结构分析方面的作用尤为突出。本文即从知识图谱的理论和实践出发,采用科学统计的分析方法,对图书情报学领域2005年至2010年上半年近6年的情况进行了研究,以形象化的方式对图书情报学的研究现状、研究重点、新兴热点和未来发展态势进行分析。
本文的主要研究方法有:文献调研与归纳法,全面系统地收集和分析了国内外与科学计量学、知识图谱等研究领域相关的文献资料;统计分析方法,借助SPSS统计分析工具对从数据库中获得的大量数据进行了因子分析、聚类分析以及多位尺度分析;比较与综合分析法,对数据库、目标期刊以及各大研究结构都进行了比较分析;实证研究法,通过知识图谱的理论支持和数据库中的文献数据,对图书情报学领域进行了知识图谱构建的实证分析。
本文根据国外权威数据库Web of science和EBSCO,获取全面规范的文献主题词,并对这些主题词进行共词分析、因子分析、聚类分析、多维尺度分析和战略坐标分析,最终将图书情报学领域划分为11个研究大类,包括医学信息学,电子资源,信息计量学与出版,网络资源与医学图书馆,图书馆系统,数字图书馆,计算机技术与管理,教育与信息素养,网络信息资源,信息行为与信息共享,信息管理与信息系统理论。并结合战略坐标图,将以上研究结构划分为核心且成熟、核心非成熟、非核心但成熟、以及非核心且非成熟,以界定各大类在学科中的地位和作用。
通过主题词的总体分析和单独类别分析,本文得出结论:近6年来图书情报学领域的研究可分为11大类;从学科整体发展上看,图书情报学目前的研究重点集中在图书馆系统实体、信息资源利用与评价、管理与技术理论三个重要方面;从发展趋势上看,现阶段的学术研究越来越向网络、技术等方面倾斜,对信息技术的重视程度日益增加;此外,各种新兴的研究热点,如电子商务、开源软件、图书馆教育、参考资源、研究型图书馆、知识产权等,使学科研究进一步细分、系统、完整。
本文通过科学统计方法对图书情报学进行知识图谱的构建,详细解读了学科发展态势,对了解国内外图书情报学现阶段和未来的发展具有一定的指导意义。目前图书情报学对图书馆、信息资源和信息理论等的研究已形成一定规模,学科的未来发展倾向于数字技术化和功能服务细致化,因此,图书情报学的研究必将向学科融合的方向发展,形成更加细分而完整的大系统。
The development of Scientometrics and visualization drives the research of Knowledge Mapping, which has a wide application in education, technology, intelligence structure analysis and social issues. Knowledge Mapping is a kind of knowledge management method, it is a particularly useful way to analyze the structure of a certain discipline or a subject. According to the related theories and statistical methods, this paper analyzes the current situation in the field of Library and Information Science(LIS) from 2005 to 2010, and conducts a study to visualize the researches, the priorities, the hot spots as well as the future development trend in the field of LIS.
The following are the main methods used in this paper: Literature Survey and Summary, by which this paper gives a comprehensive view of Scientometrics and Knowledge Mapping at home and aboard; Statistical analysis, by which this paper conducts factor analysis, cluster analysis and multidimensional scale analysis using the SPSS software; Comparison and Comprehensive analysis, by which this paper figures out the appropriate database, journals and more important categories; Empirical study, by which this paper analyzes a certain discipline–Library and Information Science, and constructs a knowledge map for LIS.
Combining Web of Science and EBSCO, this study obtains a huge number of authoritative and comprehensive LIS subject terms from the database, and then divides the researches of LIS into 11 categories, including Medical Informatics, Electronic Resources, Informatics and Publishing, Network Resources and Medical Libraries, Library system, Digital libraries, Computer Technology and Management, Education and Information Literacy, Network Resources, Information Behavior and Information Sharing, Theories of Information Management and Information Systems. With the help of Strategic Diagram, this study also divides the 11 categories into four quadrants which stand for different roles and effects in the field of LIS.
According to the overall analysis and separate analysis of subject terms, the paper concludes that: Over the past 6 years, LIS research can be divided into 11 categories; From the overall point of view, the focuses of LIS research are concentrated on Libraries entities, Information Resources and Management & Technology theories; As for the development trend of LIS, the current researches are concentrating more and more on networks and digital technologies, which are playing an more important role in LIS; Furthermore, many new research themes, such as E-Commerce, Open Source Software, Library Education, Research Libraries, Intellectual Property and so on, make LIS more sophisticated, systematical and integrated.
In this paper, we construct a knowledge map for LIS through statistical methods, and elaborate the development situations for it, which have a significant effect for us to understand the current status and the future trends. At present, there are many researches focused on libraries, information resources and information theories, and the studies will concentrate more and more on technology as well as services, therefore, LIS research will combine more disciplines, and form a more and more integrated system.
本文的主要研究方法有:文献调研与归纳法,全面系统地收集和分析了国内外与科学计量学、知识图谱等研究领域相关的文献资料;统计分析方法,借助SPSS统计分析工具对从数据库中获得的大量数据进行了因子分析、聚类分析以及多位尺度分析;比较与综合分析法,对数据库、目标期刊以及各大研究结构都进行了比较分析;实证研究法,通过知识图谱的理论支持和数据库中的文献数据,对图书情报学领域进行了知识图谱构建的实证分析。
本文根据国外权威数据库Web of science和EBSCO,获取全面规范的文献主题词,并对这些主题词进行共词分析、因子分析、聚类分析、多维尺度分析和战略坐标分析,最终将图书情报学领域划分为11个研究大类,包括医学信息学,电子资源,信息计量学与出版,网络资源与医学图书馆,图书馆系统,数字图书馆,计算机技术与管理,教育与信息素养,网络信息资源,信息行为与信息共享,信息管理与信息系统理论。并结合战略坐标图,将以上研究结构划分为核心且成熟、核心非成熟、非核心但成熟、以及非核心且非成熟,以界定各大类在学科中的地位和作用。
通过主题词的总体分析和单独类别分析,本文得出结论:近6年来图书情报学领域的研究可分为11大类;从学科整体发展上看,图书情报学目前的研究重点集中在图书馆系统实体、信息资源利用与评价、管理与技术理论三个重要方面;从发展趋势上看,现阶段的学术研究越来越向网络、技术等方面倾斜,对信息技术的重视程度日益增加;此外,各种新兴的研究热点,如电子商务、开源软件、图书馆教育、参考资源、研究型图书馆、知识产权等,使学科研究进一步细分、系统、完整。
本文通过科学统计方法对图书情报学进行知识图谱的构建,详细解读了学科发展态势,对了解国内外图书情报学现阶段和未来的发展具有一定的指导意义。目前图书情报学对图书馆、信息资源和信息理论等的研究已形成一定规模,学科的未来发展倾向于数字技术化和功能服务细致化,因此,图书情报学的研究必将向学科融合的方向发展,形成更加细分而完整的大系统。
The development of Scientometrics and visualization drives the research of Knowledge Mapping, which has a wide application in education, technology, intelligence structure analysis and social issues. Knowledge Mapping is a kind of knowledge management method, it is a particularly useful way to analyze the structure of a certain discipline or a subject. According to the related theories and statistical methods, this paper analyzes the current situation in the field of Library and Information Science(LIS) from 2005 to 2010, and conducts a study to visualize the researches, the priorities, the hot spots as well as the future development trend in the field of LIS.
The following are the main methods used in this paper: Literature Survey and Summary, by which this paper gives a comprehensive view of Scientometrics and Knowledge Mapping at home and aboard; Statistical analysis, by which this paper conducts factor analysis, cluster analysis and multidimensional scale analysis using the SPSS software; Comparison and Comprehensive analysis, by which this paper figures out the appropriate database, journals and more important categories; Empirical study, by which this paper analyzes a certain discipline–Library and Information Science, and constructs a knowledge map for LIS.
Combining Web of Science and EBSCO, this study obtains a huge number of authoritative and comprehensive LIS subject terms from the database, and then divides the researches of LIS into 11 categories, including Medical Informatics, Electronic Resources, Informatics and Publishing, Network Resources and Medical Libraries, Library system, Digital libraries, Computer Technology and Management, Education and Information Literacy, Network Resources, Information Behavior and Information Sharing, Theories of Information Management and Information Systems. With the help of Strategic Diagram, this study also divides the 11 categories into four quadrants which stand for different roles and effects in the field of LIS.
According to the overall analysis and separate analysis of subject terms, the paper concludes that: Over the past 6 years, LIS research can be divided into 11 categories; From the overall point of view, the focuses of LIS research are concentrated on Libraries entities, Information Resources and Management & Technology theories; As for the development trend of LIS, the current researches are concentrating more and more on networks and digital technologies, which are playing an more important role in LIS; Furthermore, many new research themes, such as E-Commerce, Open Source Software, Library Education, Research Libraries, Intellectual Property and so on, make LIS more sophisticated, systematical and integrated.
In this paper, we construct a knowledge map for LIS through statistical methods, and elaborate the development situations for it, which have a significant effect for us to understand the current status and the future trends. At present, there are many researches focused on libraries, information resources and information theories, and the studies will concentrate more and more on technology as well as services, therefore, LIS research will combine more disciplines, and form a more and more integrated system.
引文
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