乌鲁木齐城市经济圈旅游资源整合开发研究
|
摘要
在经济全球化的时代背景下,旅游业的竞争,已经从景点竞争、景区竞争、线路竞争,逐步过渡到区域板块间的竞争,区域旅游资源整合开发已成为旅游发展的潮流。
随着西部大开发的深入和乌鲁木齐城市经济圈的起航,乌鲁木齐城市经济圈所属五区(市、州)的旅游资源开发较为迅速,但也存在诸多问题。本研究区对旅游资源开发统筹协调不够,地方旅游资源开发与旅游产品营销各自为政,形成开发无序、竞争无序和管理无序的局面,从而导致本研究区旅游业整体竞争力不强,且各地也不能单独与内地较成熟的旅游区竞争、抗衡。有必要对本研究区旅游资源进行科学的整合开发。该研究区旅游资源经过整合开发能够完善旅游资源空间结构、提高旅游资源开发利用程度、强化旅游主题形象、增强整体实力和发展活力、提升产品竞争力。因此,整合本区旅游资源有较强的理论与现实意义。
本文在前人研究的基础上,以区域旅游资源整合理论作为支撑,从旅游资源分类、特征等方面对研究区旅游资源现状进行分析,并找出其开发过程中存在的主要问题。在以上分析的基础上,利用旅游域模型,构建乌鲁木齐大旅游圈,这一大旅游圈至少可支持6天的旅游活动。运用最近邻比R、α指数、β指数、γ指数、通达度指数、平均径路长、紧密度指数对研究区旅游资源的空间结构进行分析,然后通过强化旅游据点、挖掘特色旅游产品和构建精品线路对研究区旅游资源进行空间拓展。本文运用旅游形象整合模式对研究区旅游资源进行整合,将旅游主题形象定位为:“游西域边城,访丝路民俗;观屯垦奇观,体自然精品”,并针对国际和国内客源市场提出一系列的主题形象宣传口号。最后针对研究区提出相应的旅游资源整合对策。希望本文能给政府相关部门提供决策依据,并对新疆即将到来的旅游资源整合大趋势起抛砖引玉的作用,能引起学术界同仁和主管部门对此研究领域的关注。
In the age of economic globalization, the competition of tourism industry has gradually transferred the regional competition from attraction, scenic areas, and lines competition. It is the trend to integrate the regional tourism resources.
With the deepening of developing the western region and the start of Urumqi economic circle, tourism resources of five areas (cities) what is affiliated with Urumqi economic circle develop more quickly, but there are also many problems. The tourism resources in the study area can not be exploited as a whole, and because there is devoid of the concept of regional tourism in the exploitation process, the exploiture of local tourism resources and tourism product marketing is decentralization, form the situation of disorderly development, disorderly management and disorderly competition, so the tourism industry in the area lack the whole competition ,and the tourism resource in the study area can not solely compete with the more mature tourism destination in the backland. It is necessary to scientifically integrate the tourism resources of the study area.
Integrating the tourism resources in the study area can improve the spatial structure of tourism resources, advance the grade of development and utilization of tourism resources, strengthen tourism image, enhance the overall strength and vitality, and upgrade product competitiveness through integrating the tourism resources in the study area. Therefore, there is strong theoretical and practical significance to integrate the tourism resources in this area. In the paper, on the basis of previous studies and the theoretic of regional integration of tourism resources, analyze the status of tourism resources of the study area from aspects of the tourism resources classification and characteristics, and identify the main problems in its development process. Based on the above analysis, construct the large tourism circle of Urumqi using tourism area model, the largest tourism circle can provide six-day tourism activities at least. By utilization of the following analytic techniques- index R, indexα, indexβ, indexγ, accessibility index, average directory length and intensity index, made a comprehensive analysis about the spatial structure of tourism resources in the study area and then develop the spatial structure of tourism resources by strengthening tourism beachhead, exploit characteristic tourism products and Lines in the study area. In this paper, integrate tourism resources of the study area by use of tourism image integration model, positioning the tourism theme image:“Travel Frontier Town of Western Regions, and visit the Silk Road custom; view settlement wonders, and experience nature fancy sight", and put forward the tourism image slogan aiming at international and domestic tourist markets. Finally, offer the corresponding measures of the integration of tourism resources in the study area. Hope that this paper will give the Government to provide basis for decision making.
随着西部大开发的深入和乌鲁木齐城市经济圈的起航,乌鲁木齐城市经济圈所属五区(市、州)的旅游资源开发较为迅速,但也存在诸多问题。本研究区对旅游资源开发统筹协调不够,地方旅游资源开发与旅游产品营销各自为政,形成开发无序、竞争无序和管理无序的局面,从而导致本研究区旅游业整体竞争力不强,且各地也不能单独与内地较成熟的旅游区竞争、抗衡。有必要对本研究区旅游资源进行科学的整合开发。该研究区旅游资源经过整合开发能够完善旅游资源空间结构、提高旅游资源开发利用程度、强化旅游主题形象、增强整体实力和发展活力、提升产品竞争力。因此,整合本区旅游资源有较强的理论与现实意义。
本文在前人研究的基础上,以区域旅游资源整合理论作为支撑,从旅游资源分类、特征等方面对研究区旅游资源现状进行分析,并找出其开发过程中存在的主要问题。在以上分析的基础上,利用旅游域模型,构建乌鲁木齐大旅游圈,这一大旅游圈至少可支持6天的旅游活动。运用最近邻比R、α指数、β指数、γ指数、通达度指数、平均径路长、紧密度指数对研究区旅游资源的空间结构进行分析,然后通过强化旅游据点、挖掘特色旅游产品和构建精品线路对研究区旅游资源进行空间拓展。本文运用旅游形象整合模式对研究区旅游资源进行整合,将旅游主题形象定位为:“游西域边城,访丝路民俗;观屯垦奇观,体自然精品”,并针对国际和国内客源市场提出一系列的主题形象宣传口号。最后针对研究区提出相应的旅游资源整合对策。希望本文能给政府相关部门提供决策依据,并对新疆即将到来的旅游资源整合大趋势起抛砖引玉的作用,能引起学术界同仁和主管部门对此研究领域的关注。
In the age of economic globalization, the competition of tourism industry has gradually transferred the regional competition from attraction, scenic areas, and lines competition. It is the trend to integrate the regional tourism resources.
With the deepening of developing the western region and the start of Urumqi economic circle, tourism resources of five areas (cities) what is affiliated with Urumqi economic circle develop more quickly, but there are also many problems. The tourism resources in the study area can not be exploited as a whole, and because there is devoid of the concept of regional tourism in the exploitation process, the exploiture of local tourism resources and tourism product marketing is decentralization, form the situation of disorderly development, disorderly management and disorderly competition, so the tourism industry in the area lack the whole competition ,and the tourism resource in the study area can not solely compete with the more mature tourism destination in the backland. It is necessary to scientifically integrate the tourism resources of the study area.
Integrating the tourism resources in the study area can improve the spatial structure of tourism resources, advance the grade of development and utilization of tourism resources, strengthen tourism image, enhance the overall strength and vitality, and upgrade product competitiveness through integrating the tourism resources in the study area. Therefore, there is strong theoretical and practical significance to integrate the tourism resources in this area. In the paper, on the basis of previous studies and the theoretic of regional integration of tourism resources, analyze the status of tourism resources of the study area from aspects of the tourism resources classification and characteristics, and identify the main problems in its development process. Based on the above analysis, construct the large tourism circle of Urumqi using tourism area model, the largest tourism circle can provide six-day tourism activities at least. By utilization of the following analytic techniques- index R, indexα, indexβ, indexγ, accessibility index, average directory length and intensity index, made a comprehensive analysis about the spatial structure of tourism resources in the study area and then develop the spatial structure of tourism resources by strengthening tourism beachhead, exploit characteristic tourism products and Lines in the study area. In this paper, integrate tourism resources of the study area by use of tourism image integration model, positioning the tourism theme image:“Travel Frontier Town of Western Regions, and visit the Silk Road custom; view settlement wonders, and experience nature fancy sight", and put forward the tourism image slogan aiming at international and domestic tourist markets. Finally, offer the corresponding measures of the integration of tourism resources in the study area. Hope that this paper will give the Government to provide basis for decision making.
引文
[1] Agarwal S. The geography of tourism production: uneven disciplinary development. Tourism Geographies [J].2000, 2(3):241-263.
[2]黄雪春.三峡库区“巫山-奉节-巫溪”金三角旅游资源整合问题研究[D].重庆:重庆大学.2006.
[3]杨兆萍.吐鲁番地区旅游客源市场及其开发策略.干旱区地理[J].1998, 21(2):69-74.
[4]杨云良,阎顺,杨兆萍等.天山天池风景名胜区旅游业持续发展初探.干旱区地理[J],1997 ,20 (4) :46-53.
[5]杨云良,阎顺.区域旅游资源定量评价研究—以昌吉回族自治州为例.干旱区地理[J].1999,22(1):10-19.
[6] Gunn C A. Tourism Planning [M].New York: Tayorand Franeis, 1998:27-39.
[7] Edward Inkeep. Environmental Planning for Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research [J].1987, 14(1):108-135.
[8] Alberto Sessa. The science of system for tourism development. Annals of tourism research [J].1988, 15:219-235. [9 ] Vinka Cetinski,Sanda Weber. Tourism Marketing of C. E. I. Countries-Possibilities of Cooperation in Health Tourism. Tourism and Hospitality Management.1996,2 (2) :1045.
[10] Tazim B Jamal,Donald Getz.Collaboration theory and community tourism planning. Annals of tourism research [J]. 1995, 22(1):l86-204.
[11] S Smith. Regional analysis of Tourism resources. Annals of Tourism Research [J].1987, 14(2):254-275.
[12] Marc R, Freedman. The Elusive Promise of Management Cooperation in the Performing Arts [M] . DiMaggio. Yale Studies on Nonprofit Organizations series, New York and Oxford : Oxford University Press , 1986.
[13] Weaver. Peripheries of the periphery: Tourism in Tobago and Barbuda. Annals of Tourism Research [J].1998, 25(2):522-523.
[14] Hrvoje Turk. Tourism Resource Management on the Example of Tourism Development in the Pun at Cove on the Island of Krk. Tourism and Hospitality Management [J].1999, 5(1-2):220-228.
[15] Bill Bram well, Angela Sharman. Collaboration in local tourism policy-making. Annals of Tourism Research [J]. 2001, 26(2):392-415.
[16] Kari Aanonsen .National cooperation and strategic alliances-The tourism business in Norway enters the net .Information and Communication technologies in tourism [J]. 1997:302-339.
[17]孙文昌.长白山区域旅游资源开发的几个问题.自然资源学报[J].1990, 5(3):211-216.
[18]吴必虎.区域旅游开发的RMP分析-以河南省洛阳市为例.地理研究[J].2001.20(10): 103-111.
[19]史国祥.论旅游产业整合.旅游科学[J].2005, 19(2):14-18.
[20]黎洁.历史文化名城文化产业与旅游产业整合创新的目标模式研究-以云南大理为例.思想战线[J].2001,27(1):63-65.
[21]赵荣,郑国.论区域旅游规划中的景观文脉整合.人文地理[J].2002,17(4):89-91.
[22]候晓丽.旅游规划整合-对“大旅游”内涵再认识.旅游学刊[J].2005,20(3):43-50.
[23]张河清.旅游开发的跨省际协作问题实证研究-建立“中国侗文化旅游圈”的开发设想.经济地理[J].2005,25(3):414-417.
[24]冯健.文化景观结构的地域整合与旅游开发-以徐州汉文化景观为例.人文地理[J].2000,15(1):23-27.
[25]彭岚嘉.甘肃文化资源的整合与开发.西北师大学报(社会科学版) [J].2003,40(6):130-132.
[26]李文兵.西狭文化旅游形象三重结构整合.干旱区资源与环境[J].2O04,18(3):116-120.
[27]曹诗图,崔进,郑宇飞.论“大三峡旅游经济圈”构建中的鄂西与渝东区域整合.地理与地理信息科学[J].2003,19(3):94-97.
[28]郑胜华.基于整合理论的城市休闲发展研究.经济地理[J].2005,25(2):228-231.
[29]王衍用.区域旅游开发战略研究的理论与实践.经济地理[J].1999, (1):116-119.
[30]杨培玉.城市旅游资源空间整合研究.海淀走读大学学报[J].2004, (4): 66-70.
[31]李晓莉,柯显东.全面整合旅游资源推进广州旅游业的深度发展.特区经济[J].2003(6):48-49.
[32]李生校.关于提升绍兴旅游竞争力的思考.常州师范专科学校学报[J].2003, (1):22-23.
[33]吴国清.试论行政区边界共生旅游资源的整合.上海师范大学学报(自然科学版)[J].2006,35(2):95-101.
[34]张红,石婷等.西安市13区(县)旅游资源整合与重点项目开发的思考.干旱区资源与环境[J].2006,20(3):133-138.
[35]王世金,白永平,石惠春.河西走廊地带旅游资源整合开发思路.经济地理[J].2007,27(2):327-331.
[36]张灏.文化视野中的水系旅游资源整合初论.生态经济[J].2007,(3):120-124.
[37]王璐.新疆乌昌地区旅游资源整合研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学.2007.
[38]刘亚军.乌鲁木齐城市经济圈七城市旅游地吸引力评价及分析[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学.2007.
[39]杨桂华,陶梨.旅游资源学[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,1999.137.
[40]陈才,谭慕蕙,张文奎.王力经济地理学基础[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1988.185.
[41]刘振礼,王湘,邢道隆.中国旅游地理[M].天津:南开大学出版,2003.4.
[42]林南枝,陶汉军.旅游经济学[M]天津:南开大学出版社,2000.85.
[43]甘枝茂等.旅游资源与开发[M].天津:南开大学出版社,2000.2.
[44]刘伟,刘志玲,朱玉槐.旅游概论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003.69.
[45]杨晓燕.长三角区域旅游资源整合研究[D].上海:上海师范大学.2005.
[46]保继刚,楚义芳.旅游地理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.45-47.
[47]王景波.区域旅游整合开发研究[D].唐山:河北理工大学.2003.
[48]戴伯勋,沈宏达现代产业经济学[M].第一版.北京:经济管理出版社,2001.425-426.
[49]蒋祖云.浙江中西部风景旅游区域协作之我见.旅游调研[J].1995,(5):33-37.
[50]李崇禧.关于区域旅游开发的几个问题.财经科学[J].2000(6):74-77.
[51] T K Das, Bing Shengteng .A resource-based theory of strategic alliance. Journal of Management [J].2000, 26:31.
[52]中国旅游网,http://www.cnta.com/.
[53]新疆文物保护网,http://www.xjwwbh.com/.
[54]国家环境保护总局,http://www.zhb.gov.cn/.
[55]新疆旅游官方网, http://www.xinjiangtour.gov.cn/
[56]魏小安,窦群,彭德成.发展旅游和遗产保护能否“双赢”[N].中国旅游报.2002,12:11。
[57]李山.旅游圈形成的基本理论及其地理计算研究[D].上海:华东师范大学.2006.
[58]尹贻梅.对旅游空间竞争与合作的思考.桂林旅游高等专科学校学报[J].2003,(2):56-60.
[59]汪宇明,全伟,胡蒸雯等.在区域一体化进程中受益.人文地理[J].2002,17(3):31-33.
[60]王铮,蒋轶红等.旅游域模型及其结合GIS的应用.旅游学刊[J].2002,17(2):57-62.
[61]王瑛,王铮.旅游区位分析-以云南为例.地理学报[J].2000, 55 (3):346-352.
[62]章锦河,赵勇.皖南旅游资源空间结构分析.地理与地理信息科学[J].2004,20(1):99-108.
[63]杨效忠、陆林、张光生等.舟山群岛旅游资源空间结构研究.地理与地理信息科学[J].2001(5):87-90.
[64]陆林.皖南旅游区布局研究.地理科学[J].1995, 15(1):88-95.
[65]章锦河,宣国富,杨效忠.芜湖市旅游开发研究.安徽师范大学学报(自然版) [J].2001, 24 (1):76-81.
[66]吴晋峰,包浩生.旅游系统的空间结构模式研究.地理科学[J].2002 , (1) :96-101。
[67]左昕昕,靳鹤龄,严江平.兰州市旅游资源空间结构研究.干旱区资源与环境[J].2007, 21(11):151-156.
[68] DANN G M S. The Tourism as a Metaphor of the Social World . Wallingford: CABI Publishing [M], 2002:356.
[69]袁尧清.湘西南四县(市)旅游资源整合开发模式探讨[D].长沙:湖南师范大学.2004.
[70]陶伟等.区域旅游发展的“竞合模式”探讨.人文地理[J].2002, 17(4):29-33.
[71]汪宇明.广西桂林旅游资源深度开发研究.人文地理[J].2001, 16 (6):53-56.
[72]秦斌明.新疆旅游业发展的五个命题.电子文献类型标示. http://www.cotsa.com/chanel4xyzx/express/200703/35050.html,2007,3,19.
[73]侯国林.城市商业游憩区形成与其空间结构分析.人文地理[J].2002,17(5):12-16.
[74]方世敏.怀化旅游形象要素设计与形象整合传播方案的思考.湖南税务高等专科学校学报[J].15(2):52-55.
[75]李胜利.新世纪旅游形象的定位与推广.干旱区资源与环境[J].2004,18(5):124-127.
[76]张海霞、张旭亮.吐鲁番市旅游形象建设基础研究.新疆师范大学学报(自然科学版)[J].2003,22(3):86-91.
[77]王海燕.区域旅游业竞争差异分析—以新疆八个地州为例[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学.2007.
[78]赖凉杰,彭东.喀斯特地貌景观特点与旅游形象塑造.中国岩溶[J].2003,22(4):318-323.
[79]晏杰.九寨沟旅游者的结构与行为分析.经济地理[J].2001, 21(1):121-124.
[80]曹诗图.论“大三峡”旅游经济圈构建中的鄂西与渝东区域整合.地域研究与开发2003[J].19(3):94-97.
[2]黄雪春.三峡库区“巫山-奉节-巫溪”金三角旅游资源整合问题研究[D].重庆:重庆大学.2006.
[3]杨兆萍.吐鲁番地区旅游客源市场及其开发策略.干旱区地理[J].1998, 21(2):69-74.
[4]杨云良,阎顺,杨兆萍等.天山天池风景名胜区旅游业持续发展初探.干旱区地理[J],1997 ,20 (4) :46-53.
[5]杨云良,阎顺.区域旅游资源定量评价研究—以昌吉回族自治州为例.干旱区地理[J].1999,22(1):10-19.
[6] Gunn C A. Tourism Planning [M].New York: Tayorand Franeis, 1998:27-39.
[7] Edward Inkeep. Environmental Planning for Tourism. Annals of Tourism Research [J].1987, 14(1):108-135.
[8] Alberto Sessa. The science of system for tourism development. Annals of tourism research [J].1988, 15:219-235. [9 ] Vinka Cetinski,Sanda Weber. Tourism Marketing of C. E. I. Countries-Possibilities of Cooperation in Health Tourism. Tourism and Hospitality Management.1996,2 (2) :1045.
[10] Tazim B Jamal,Donald Getz.Collaboration theory and community tourism planning. Annals of tourism research [J]. 1995, 22(1):l86-204.
[11] S Smith. Regional analysis of Tourism resources. Annals of Tourism Research [J].1987, 14(2):254-275.
[12] Marc R, Freedman. The Elusive Promise of Management Cooperation in the Performing Arts [M] . DiMaggio. Yale Studies on Nonprofit Organizations series, New York and Oxford : Oxford University Press , 1986.
[13] Weaver. Peripheries of the periphery: Tourism in Tobago and Barbuda. Annals of Tourism Research [J].1998, 25(2):522-523.
[14] Hrvoje Turk. Tourism Resource Management on the Example of Tourism Development in the Pun at Cove on the Island of Krk. Tourism and Hospitality Management [J].1999, 5(1-2):220-228.
[15] Bill Bram well, Angela Sharman. Collaboration in local tourism policy-making. Annals of Tourism Research [J]. 2001, 26(2):392-415.
[16] Kari Aanonsen .National cooperation and strategic alliances-The tourism business in Norway enters the net .Information and Communication technologies in tourism [J]. 1997:302-339.
[17]孙文昌.长白山区域旅游资源开发的几个问题.自然资源学报[J].1990, 5(3):211-216.
[18]吴必虎.区域旅游开发的RMP分析-以河南省洛阳市为例.地理研究[J].2001.20(10): 103-111.
[19]史国祥.论旅游产业整合.旅游科学[J].2005, 19(2):14-18.
[20]黎洁.历史文化名城文化产业与旅游产业整合创新的目标模式研究-以云南大理为例.思想战线[J].2001,27(1):63-65.
[21]赵荣,郑国.论区域旅游规划中的景观文脉整合.人文地理[J].2002,17(4):89-91.
[22]候晓丽.旅游规划整合-对“大旅游”内涵再认识.旅游学刊[J].2005,20(3):43-50.
[23]张河清.旅游开发的跨省际协作问题实证研究-建立“中国侗文化旅游圈”的开发设想.经济地理[J].2005,25(3):414-417.
[24]冯健.文化景观结构的地域整合与旅游开发-以徐州汉文化景观为例.人文地理[J].2000,15(1):23-27.
[25]彭岚嘉.甘肃文化资源的整合与开发.西北师大学报(社会科学版) [J].2003,40(6):130-132.
[26]李文兵.西狭文化旅游形象三重结构整合.干旱区资源与环境[J].2O04,18(3):116-120.
[27]曹诗图,崔进,郑宇飞.论“大三峡旅游经济圈”构建中的鄂西与渝东区域整合.地理与地理信息科学[J].2003,19(3):94-97.
[28]郑胜华.基于整合理论的城市休闲发展研究.经济地理[J].2005,25(2):228-231.
[29]王衍用.区域旅游开发战略研究的理论与实践.经济地理[J].1999, (1):116-119.
[30]杨培玉.城市旅游资源空间整合研究.海淀走读大学学报[J].2004, (4): 66-70.
[31]李晓莉,柯显东.全面整合旅游资源推进广州旅游业的深度发展.特区经济[J].2003(6):48-49.
[32]李生校.关于提升绍兴旅游竞争力的思考.常州师范专科学校学报[J].2003, (1):22-23.
[33]吴国清.试论行政区边界共生旅游资源的整合.上海师范大学学报(自然科学版)[J].2006,35(2):95-101.
[34]张红,石婷等.西安市13区(县)旅游资源整合与重点项目开发的思考.干旱区资源与环境[J].2006,20(3):133-138.
[35]王世金,白永平,石惠春.河西走廊地带旅游资源整合开发思路.经济地理[J].2007,27(2):327-331.
[36]张灏.文化视野中的水系旅游资源整合初论.生态经济[J].2007,(3):120-124.
[37]王璐.新疆乌昌地区旅游资源整合研究[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆师范大学.2007.
[38]刘亚军.乌鲁木齐城市经济圈七城市旅游地吸引力评价及分析[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学.2007.
[39]杨桂华,陶梨.旅游资源学[M].昆明:云南大学出版社,1999.137.
[40]陈才,谭慕蕙,张文奎.王力经济地理学基础[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1988.185.
[41]刘振礼,王湘,邢道隆.中国旅游地理[M].天津:南开大学出版,2003.4.
[42]林南枝,陶汉军.旅游经济学[M]天津:南开大学出版社,2000.85.
[43]甘枝茂等.旅游资源与开发[M].天津:南开大学出版社,2000.2.
[44]刘伟,刘志玲,朱玉槐.旅游概论[M].北京:高等教育出版社,2003.69.
[45]杨晓燕.长三角区域旅游资源整合研究[D].上海:上海师范大学.2005.
[46]保继刚,楚义芳.旅游地理学[M].北京:高等教育出版社,1999.45-47.
[47]王景波.区域旅游整合开发研究[D].唐山:河北理工大学.2003.
[48]戴伯勋,沈宏达现代产业经济学[M].第一版.北京:经济管理出版社,2001.425-426.
[49]蒋祖云.浙江中西部风景旅游区域协作之我见.旅游调研[J].1995,(5):33-37.
[50]李崇禧.关于区域旅游开发的几个问题.财经科学[J].2000(6):74-77.
[51] T K Das, Bing Shengteng .A resource-based theory of strategic alliance. Journal of Management [J].2000, 26:31.
[52]中国旅游网,http://www.cnta.com/.
[53]新疆文物保护网,http://www.xjwwbh.com/.
[54]国家环境保护总局,http://www.zhb.gov.cn/.
[55]新疆旅游官方网, http://www.xinjiangtour.gov.cn/
[56]魏小安,窦群,彭德成.发展旅游和遗产保护能否“双赢”[N].中国旅游报.2002,12:11。
[57]李山.旅游圈形成的基本理论及其地理计算研究[D].上海:华东师范大学.2006.
[58]尹贻梅.对旅游空间竞争与合作的思考.桂林旅游高等专科学校学报[J].2003,(2):56-60.
[59]汪宇明,全伟,胡蒸雯等.在区域一体化进程中受益.人文地理[J].2002,17(3):31-33.
[60]王铮,蒋轶红等.旅游域模型及其结合GIS的应用.旅游学刊[J].2002,17(2):57-62.
[61]王瑛,王铮.旅游区位分析-以云南为例.地理学报[J].2000, 55 (3):346-352.
[62]章锦河,赵勇.皖南旅游资源空间结构分析.地理与地理信息科学[J].2004,20(1):99-108.
[63]杨效忠、陆林、张光生等.舟山群岛旅游资源空间结构研究.地理与地理信息科学[J].2001(5):87-90.
[64]陆林.皖南旅游区布局研究.地理科学[J].1995, 15(1):88-95.
[65]章锦河,宣国富,杨效忠.芜湖市旅游开发研究.安徽师范大学学报(自然版) [J].2001, 24 (1):76-81.
[66]吴晋峰,包浩生.旅游系统的空间结构模式研究.地理科学[J].2002 , (1) :96-101。
[67]左昕昕,靳鹤龄,严江平.兰州市旅游资源空间结构研究.干旱区资源与环境[J].2007, 21(11):151-156.
[68] DANN G M S. The Tourism as a Metaphor of the Social World . Wallingford: CABI Publishing [M], 2002:356.
[69]袁尧清.湘西南四县(市)旅游资源整合开发模式探讨[D].长沙:湖南师范大学.2004.
[70]陶伟等.区域旅游发展的“竞合模式”探讨.人文地理[J].2002, 17(4):29-33.
[71]汪宇明.广西桂林旅游资源深度开发研究.人文地理[J].2001, 16 (6):53-56.
[72]秦斌明.新疆旅游业发展的五个命题.电子文献类型标示. http://www.cotsa.com/chanel4xyzx/express/200703/35050.html,2007,3,19.
[73]侯国林.城市商业游憩区形成与其空间结构分析.人文地理[J].2002,17(5):12-16.
[74]方世敏.怀化旅游形象要素设计与形象整合传播方案的思考.湖南税务高等专科学校学报[J].15(2):52-55.
[75]李胜利.新世纪旅游形象的定位与推广.干旱区资源与环境[J].2004,18(5):124-127.
[76]张海霞、张旭亮.吐鲁番市旅游形象建设基础研究.新疆师范大学学报(自然科学版)[J].2003,22(3):86-91.
[77]王海燕.区域旅游业竞争差异分析—以新疆八个地州为例[D].乌鲁木齐:新疆大学.2007.
[78]赖凉杰,彭东.喀斯特地貌景观特点与旅游形象塑造.中国岩溶[J].2003,22(4):318-323.
[79]晏杰.九寨沟旅游者的结构与行为分析.经济地理[J].2001, 21(1):121-124.
[80]曹诗图.论“大三峡”旅游经济圈构建中的鄂西与渝东区域整合.地域研究与开发2003[J].19(3):94-97.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |