净化空气矿棉板的制备及其净化甲醛性能研究
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摘要
室内空气的污染已经成为世界各国广泛关注的环境问题之一,甲醛作为一种常见的空气污染物,已经被世界卫生组织确定为致癌和致畸物质,对其进行有效处理受到了国内外普遍的关注。光催化技术作为提高室内空气质量的高科技前沿净化技术,由于其具有广泛性、彻底性、安全性和持久性等特点而世界瞩目。光催化技术的应用与光触媒的固载技术是目前研究的热点,如何提高光催化降解效率,降解室内较低浓度有害气体一直是改善室内空气品质的前沿课题。本课题主要针对光触媒的应用和固载技术,开发出一种能直接净化室内有害气体的新型建筑材料-净化空气矿棉板,该产品可提高光催化净化效率,对改善室内空气质量具有十分重要的意义。本文研究内容及结论总结如下:
(1)采用静态方法,以甲醛为降解对象,对多种市售光触媒产品进行筛选实验,并对筛选出的光触媒进行XRD、EDS、TEM、SEM、BET等表征分析,结果表明该催化剂为Cu掺杂改性的TiO_2,TiO_2的晶型包括锐钛型和金红石型。
(2)采用激光粒度仪法、流变法和机械搅拌—沉降法对该光触媒进行分散研究,挑选出H5040作为分散剂,对光触媒进行预分散。
(3)把预分散的光触媒浆液添加到基础涂料—苯丙乳液内墙涂料中,搅拌分散后得光催化涂料。该涂料中光触媒最佳添加量为4%。该光催化涂料,对甲醛有较高的降解效率,且涂料的基本性能符合GB/T9756-2001《合成树脂乳液内墙涂料》的标准。
(4)本文对净化空气矿棉板净化甲醛效率的影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:保持温度21℃,相对湿度60%,净化空气矿棉板对甲醛的去除率随着甲醛溶液注入量的增加迅速增加,至某一浓度后,增加趋于缓慢,基本保持不变;保持温度21℃,甲醛溶液注入量为10μL,净化空气矿棉板对甲醛的去除率随相对湿度的增加先升高后降低,当湿度为60%时,去除效率最高;保持湿度60%,甲醛溶液注入量为10μL,在室温范围内,净化空气矿棉板对甲醛的去除率随着温度的升高缓慢增加。
(5)所制备的净化空气矿棉板与普通矿棉板、光催化涂料相比,对甲醛的净化性能显著提高。净化空气矿棉板经过四天饱和实验后,对甲醛的净化效率仍能达到85%,净化效果显著。
At present, the pollution of indoor air has considerably been taken attention abroad as an important environmental problem. Formaldehyde as ubiquitous pollution species in the air is considered to cause cancer and abnormality by WHO. The effective treationg process for decomposing formaldehyde have been increasingly concerned. The photocatalysis technology, as an advanced high-tech purification technology, is paid great attention in the world due to the fact that it can degrade a broad range of volatile organic compounds(VOC_s) to H_2O and CO_2 at room temperature and atmos pheric pressure. The application and loaded techniques of photocatalysis are hot spots at present. How to improve the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of low-contamination volatile organic compounds is the forward study in improved the air quality field. This study has prepared a kind of new building materials-air purification mineral wool board, aiming at application and loaded techniques of photocatalysis, which can purify of indoor volatile organic compounds directly. The mineral wool board can improve the purifying efficiency, which has a vital significance for improving indoor air quality. The contents and conclusions are as follows:
(1) Photocatalysis were selected using static method, among which show the best merit to photodegrade of formaldehyde. The seleted photocatalysis was characterized by XRD, EDS, TEM, SEM and BET. The results indicated that the photocatalysis was Cu doped anatase titanium dioxide and rutile titanium dioxide.
(2) Adopting laser particle analyzer, rheology and mechanical agitation to select dispersion agent which can improve dispersion of photocatalysis. The results indicated that H5040 as dispersion agent can disperse photocatalysis better.
(3) Dispersed photocatalysis was added to a kind of styrene-acrylic interior wall coationg to perpare a kind of photocatalytic coating. Photocatalytic coating was obtained after mechanical agitating. Addition quantity of photocatalysis was 4%. This photocatalytic coating has better degradation efficiency of formaldehyde, and also meet GB/T9756-2001 criterion.
(4) In this study, the influence on purifying formaldehyde by the air purification mineral wool was discussed. The result indicated that temperature at 21℃, humidity at 60%, the purifying efficiency of formaldehyde has increased rapidly first, then slowly to fixed value with the enhance of formaledehyde concentration; temperature at 21℃, humidity at 60%, formaledehyde concentration of 10μL, the purifying efficiency of formaldehyde increased at first and then decreased, when humidity at 60%, has the best efficiency; humidity at 60%, formaledehyde concentration of 10μL, at the range of room temperature, the purifying efficiency of formaldehyde slowly increasedwith temperature.
(5) Air purification mineral wool board compared with ordinary mineral wool board and photocatalytic coatings, has improve purifying efficiency of formaldehyde.After four days saturated experiment , the purifying efficiency of formaldehyde by air purification mineral wool board still reached at 85%.
(1)采用静态方法,以甲醛为降解对象,对多种市售光触媒产品进行筛选实验,并对筛选出的光触媒进行XRD、EDS、TEM、SEM、BET等表征分析,结果表明该催化剂为Cu掺杂改性的TiO_2,TiO_2的晶型包括锐钛型和金红石型。
(2)采用激光粒度仪法、流变法和机械搅拌—沉降法对该光触媒进行分散研究,挑选出H5040作为分散剂,对光触媒进行预分散。
(3)把预分散的光触媒浆液添加到基础涂料—苯丙乳液内墙涂料中,搅拌分散后得光催化涂料。该涂料中光触媒最佳添加量为4%。该光催化涂料,对甲醛有较高的降解效率,且涂料的基本性能符合GB/T9756-2001《合成树脂乳液内墙涂料》的标准。
(4)本文对净化空气矿棉板净化甲醛效率的影响因素进行了研究。结果表明:保持温度21℃,相对湿度60%,净化空气矿棉板对甲醛的去除率随着甲醛溶液注入量的增加迅速增加,至某一浓度后,增加趋于缓慢,基本保持不变;保持温度21℃,甲醛溶液注入量为10μL,净化空气矿棉板对甲醛的去除率随相对湿度的增加先升高后降低,当湿度为60%时,去除效率最高;保持湿度60%,甲醛溶液注入量为10μL,在室温范围内,净化空气矿棉板对甲醛的去除率随着温度的升高缓慢增加。
(5)所制备的净化空气矿棉板与普通矿棉板、光催化涂料相比,对甲醛的净化性能显著提高。净化空气矿棉板经过四天饱和实验后,对甲醛的净化效率仍能达到85%,净化效果显著。
At present, the pollution of indoor air has considerably been taken attention abroad as an important environmental problem. Formaldehyde as ubiquitous pollution species in the air is considered to cause cancer and abnormality by WHO. The effective treationg process for decomposing formaldehyde have been increasingly concerned. The photocatalysis technology, as an advanced high-tech purification technology, is paid great attention in the world due to the fact that it can degrade a broad range of volatile organic compounds(VOC_s) to H_2O and CO_2 at room temperature and atmos pheric pressure. The application and loaded techniques of photocatalysis are hot spots at present. How to improve the photocatalytic degradation efficiency of low-contamination volatile organic compounds is the forward study in improved the air quality field. This study has prepared a kind of new building materials-air purification mineral wool board, aiming at application and loaded techniques of photocatalysis, which can purify of indoor volatile organic compounds directly. The mineral wool board can improve the purifying efficiency, which has a vital significance for improving indoor air quality. The contents and conclusions are as follows:
(1) Photocatalysis were selected using static method, among which show the best merit to photodegrade of formaldehyde. The seleted photocatalysis was characterized by XRD, EDS, TEM, SEM and BET. The results indicated that the photocatalysis was Cu doped anatase titanium dioxide and rutile titanium dioxide.
(2) Adopting laser particle analyzer, rheology and mechanical agitation to select dispersion agent which can improve dispersion of photocatalysis. The results indicated that H5040 as dispersion agent can disperse photocatalysis better.
(3) Dispersed photocatalysis was added to a kind of styrene-acrylic interior wall coationg to perpare a kind of photocatalytic coating. Photocatalytic coating was obtained after mechanical agitating. Addition quantity of photocatalysis was 4%. This photocatalytic coating has better degradation efficiency of formaldehyde, and also meet GB/T9756-2001 criterion.
(4) In this study, the influence on purifying formaldehyde by the air purification mineral wool was discussed. The result indicated that temperature at 21℃, humidity at 60%, the purifying efficiency of formaldehyde has increased rapidly first, then slowly to fixed value with the enhance of formaledehyde concentration; temperature at 21℃, humidity at 60%, formaledehyde concentration of 10μL, the purifying efficiency of formaldehyde increased at first and then decreased, when humidity at 60%, has the best efficiency; humidity at 60%, formaledehyde concentration of 10μL, at the range of room temperature, the purifying efficiency of formaldehyde slowly increasedwith temperature.
(5) Air purification mineral wool board compared with ordinary mineral wool board and photocatalytic coatings, has improve purifying efficiency of formaldehyde.After four days saturated experiment , the purifying efficiency of formaldehyde by air purification mineral wool board still reached at 85%.
引文
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