高密度电阻率法正反演研究及应用
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摘要
电法勘探是综合地球物理勘探方法中的基本方法之一。高密度电阻率法作为电法勘探方法的一个分支,是一种多快好省的勘探方法,在城市工程、环境地质调查、地质找水、考古、管线探测等方面发挥出重要作用,并取得良好效果,在岩溶、构造、检测等领域,高密度电法的应用效果,也远远超过了理论上的预期。
本文系统的讨论了高密度电阻率法的基本理论、历史发展和研究现状、正演模拟的发展、反演技术的进步、以及高密度电阻率法仪器随着国民经济和计算机技术的发展的飞而速发展历程,对高密度电阻率法的野外工作技术方法、数据采集及处理、二维成像及应用等方面进行了介绍,同时介绍了进行数据预处理剔除突变点的方法。
在本文中,首先进行了高密度参数处理的研究,简述了常规的参数处理方法,再对不同的比值参数进行研究,分别对λ或G参数、T比值参数和H纵向分辨率比值效应参数进行了研究,综述了各参数处理的研究结果。其次对高密度电阻率法正反演进行了研究。验证应用软件的可靠性和实用性后,应用软件工具,对理论模型进行正演,再对所得正演数据加入百分之五的噪声进行反演;研究不同深度条件下目标体异常反应以及不同装置条件下目标体异常响应特征,具体来说,分别对比正演模拟结果、反演模拟结果、以及对比反演成果与正演理论模型。对不同深度或装置条件下目标体的正反演结果进行了讨论,总结了高密度电阻率法几种测量装置的反演规律,为野外工作装置的选取提供了理论依据和参考经验。最后,按照工作设计和工区的地形地质条件,以找矿为目的,突出重点成果,应用汉化后的软件,对所选用的三个勘探实例进行数据处理。综合应用高密度激电理论和方法,利用反演技术,分析了选用的三个应用实例的成果,通过视电阻率拟断面图,研究矿体的形态、规模及向深部的延伸情况。
Electrical prospecting is a comprehensive geophysical exploration method in the basic methods. Multi-electrode resistivity method as a branch of electrical exploration, is a better and more economical exploration method, and has played a major role in urban engineering, environmental geological survey, geology for water, the archaeological, pipe and cable detection, and some other areas. In karst, hydrology, construction, testing and other areas, the application of Multi-electrode resistivity method is far greater than the theoretical expectations.
This paper systematically discuss the basic theory , history, development and research status, inversion techniques of high-density resistivity method , and study the equipment progress with the national economy's development and computer technology progress. In this paper, we also described removing mutations method of data pre-processing. In this paper, previously, high-density parameters were researched, treatment
method of conventional parameters was outlined, then the different ratio parameters can be studied, respectively, on theλor G, and T parameter, the research conclusion and effects of the ratio parameters is shown. Second, the forward modeling and inversion of high density resistivity were studied. The reliability and application of res2dmod was verified, and then forward modeling was done on the theory model by using those programs as a tool. 5 percent noise was added in available forward data for inversion data; the abnormal response characteristics of different depth was studied with geological body, as well as different arrays , in details, the modeling and inversion results were compared, and then the inversion results compared with the theoretical model forward. We had a conclusion of different depths or arrays, the inversion law of different arrays was summarized, which provide a theoretical basis and reference to field work equipment selected .At last, In accordance with the design work and the topographic and geologic conditions of work area, prospecting purpose focused on important outcomes, Datum from field work was processed by Chinese Version with RES2DINV. Applying in professional theories and methods of High density and IP method ,the results of three selected application examples were analyzed by using inversion techniques, in those inversion graphs, ore body shape, size and condition to the extension of the deep were shown.
本文系统的讨论了高密度电阻率法的基本理论、历史发展和研究现状、正演模拟的发展、反演技术的进步、以及高密度电阻率法仪器随着国民经济和计算机技术的发展的飞而速发展历程,对高密度电阻率法的野外工作技术方法、数据采集及处理、二维成像及应用等方面进行了介绍,同时介绍了进行数据预处理剔除突变点的方法。
在本文中,首先进行了高密度参数处理的研究,简述了常规的参数处理方法,再对不同的比值参数进行研究,分别对λ或G参数、T比值参数和H纵向分辨率比值效应参数进行了研究,综述了各参数处理的研究结果。其次对高密度电阻率法正反演进行了研究。验证应用软件的可靠性和实用性后,应用软件工具,对理论模型进行正演,再对所得正演数据加入百分之五的噪声进行反演;研究不同深度条件下目标体异常反应以及不同装置条件下目标体异常响应特征,具体来说,分别对比正演模拟结果、反演模拟结果、以及对比反演成果与正演理论模型。对不同深度或装置条件下目标体的正反演结果进行了讨论,总结了高密度电阻率法几种测量装置的反演规律,为野外工作装置的选取提供了理论依据和参考经验。最后,按照工作设计和工区的地形地质条件,以找矿为目的,突出重点成果,应用汉化后的软件,对所选用的三个勘探实例进行数据处理。综合应用高密度激电理论和方法,利用反演技术,分析了选用的三个应用实例的成果,通过视电阻率拟断面图,研究矿体的形态、规模及向深部的延伸情况。
Electrical prospecting is a comprehensive geophysical exploration method in the basic methods. Multi-electrode resistivity method as a branch of electrical exploration, is a better and more economical exploration method, and has played a major role in urban engineering, environmental geological survey, geology for water, the archaeological, pipe and cable detection, and some other areas. In karst, hydrology, construction, testing and other areas, the application of Multi-electrode resistivity method is far greater than the theoretical expectations.
This paper systematically discuss the basic theory , history, development and research status, inversion techniques of high-density resistivity method , and study the equipment progress with the national economy's development and computer technology progress. In this paper, we also described removing mutations method of data pre-processing. In this paper, previously, high-density parameters were researched, treatment
method of conventional parameters was outlined, then the different ratio parameters can be studied, respectively, on theλor G, and T parameter, the research conclusion and effects of the ratio parameters is shown. Second, the forward modeling and inversion of high density resistivity were studied. The reliability and application of res2dmod was verified, and then forward modeling was done on the theory model by using those programs as a tool. 5 percent noise was added in available forward data for inversion data; the abnormal response characteristics of different depth was studied with geological body, as well as different arrays , in details, the modeling and inversion results were compared, and then the inversion results compared with the theoretical model forward. We had a conclusion of different depths or arrays, the inversion law of different arrays was summarized, which provide a theoretical basis and reference to field work equipment selected .At last, In accordance with the design work and the topographic and geologic conditions of work area, prospecting purpose focused on important outcomes, Datum from field work was processed by Chinese Version with RES2DINV. Applying in professional theories and methods of High density and IP method ,the results of three selected application examples were analyzed by using inversion techniques, in those inversion graphs, ore body shape, size and condition to the extension of the deep were shown.
引文
C. deGroot-Hedlin* and S. Constable*。Occam’s inversion to generate smooth, two-dimensional models from magnetotelluric data。GEOPHYSICS, 1990,55(12):1613-1624.
Dey, A., and Morrison, H. F, 1979, Resistivity modeling for arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional structures: Geophysics, 44:753-780.
J. H. COGGON*。ELECTROMAGNETIC AND ELECTRICAL MODELING BY THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD。GEOPHYSICS, 1971, 36(1): 132-155.
J. H. COGGON*。ELECTROMAGNETIC AND ELECTRICAL MODELING BY THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD。GEOPHYSICS, 1971, 36(1): 132-155.
Jie Zhang*, Randall L. Mackie*, and Theodore R. Madden. 3-D resistivity forward modeling and inversion using conjugate gradients. GEOPHYSICS ,1995, 60(5):1313-1325.
Loke, M.H. and Dahlin,T..A comparison of the Gauss-Newton and quasi-Newton methods in resistivity imaging inversion. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 2002, 49,149-162.
Loke,M.H..Topographic. modeling in resistivity imaging inversion .62nd EAGE Conference & Technical Exhibition Extended Abstracts,D-2,2000.
Loke,M.H..Tutorial. 2-D and 3-D electrical imaging surveys. Geotomo Software, Malaysia, 2001.
Michael S. Zhdanov1, Seong Kon Lee2, and Ken Yoshioka。Integral equation method for 3D modeling of electromagnetic fields in complex structures with inhomogeneous background conductivity。GEOPHYSICS,2006, 71(6):333-345.
Yutaka Sasaki。Two-dimensional joint inversion of magnetotelluric and dipole-dipole resistivity data。GEOPHYSICS, 1989,54(2): 254-262.
曹立斌,孟永良,周建兰。电阻率层析成像技术的回顾与展望。勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(3):170-173。
陈斌文,龚剑平,嵇其伟。高密度电阻率法空洞探测的数据处理方法。路基工程,2009,1:175-177。
底青云,王妙月。二维电阻率成像的有限元解法。岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(3):317-321。
董浩斌,王传雷。高密度电法的发展与应用.地学前缘,2003,10(1):171-176。
冯锐,李智明,李志武,等。电阻率层析成像技术。中国地震,2004,20(1):13-30。
付长民,李帝铨,王光杰,等。高密度电法数值模拟及其在寻找北京人头盖骨化石中的应用。地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):263-262。
付良魁。电法勘探教程[M]。地质出版社,1985。康健,等。高密度电法在火山熔岩台地地质调查中的探讨。华北地震科学,2008,26(4):31-35。
黄立勇,金维松。物探方法在诸暨市大路山滑坡勘查中的应用。西部探矿工程,2006(11):263-265。
李金铭等。地电场与电法勘探。北京:地质出版社,2005。
李金铭,罗延钟,等。电法勘探新进展,1995。
李天成,牛滨华,孙春岩,赵丽。2D电阻率正反演成像在水平和垂直模型上的异常响应研究。地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):940-946。
李天成,牛滨华,孙春岩等。跨孔电阻率法有限元数值模拟及反演。地质与勘探,2008,44(3):52-55。
廖秀英,龙慧。高密度数值方法在大桥跨越河流选址上的应用。山西建筑,2008,34(34):11-12。
刘宾,李洪德,赵明杰。高密度电法在地下防渗墙检测中的应用。华北地震科学,2004,22(4):50-52。
刘昌军,赵进勇,孙东亚,等。高密度电法仪在工程隐患探测中的应用。水利水电技术,2007,38(2):50-54。
刘海生,侯胜利。土壤与地下水污染的地球物理地球化学勘查。物探与化探,2003,27(4):307-311。
刘树才,何昭友,刘志新。适合地形起伏的二维有限单元数值模拟技术。物探化探计算技术,2005,27(2):131-135。
刘晓东。高密度电法在宜春市岩溶地质调查中的应用[J]。中国地质灾害与防治学报,2002,13(1):72-75。
刘晓东。高密度电法在工程物探中的应用[J]。工程勘察,2001(4):64-66。
阮百尧,村上裕,徐世浙。电阻率/激发极化率数据的二维反演程序[J]。物探化探计算技术,1999 (2): 116-125。
阮百尧,村上裕,徐世浙。激发极化数据的最小二乘二维反演方法。地球科学——中国地质大学学报,1999,24(6):621-626。
阮百尧。视电阻率对模型电阻率的偏导数矩阵计算方法。地质与勘探,2001,37(6):39-41。
王洪,汤井田。高密度电阻率法在贵州福泉矿难救援中的应用。工程地球物理学报,2006,3(5):392-394。
王家映。地球物理反演理论(第二版)[M]。北京:高等教育出版社,2002
王书民,孟小红。频率域高密度电法在秦始皇陵地宫探测中的试验效果。物探与化探,2004,28(4):327-332。
王玉清。综合物探在高层建筑选址工作中的应用[J]。河南地质,2001 (3):208-211。
吴长盛。北大港水库堤坝裂缝检测与评定技术研究[J]。水利水电技术,2001(5):61-63。
吴小平,汪彤彤。电阻率三维反演方法研究进展。地球物理学进展,2002,17(1):156-162。
徐世浙。地球物理中的有限单元法[M]。北京:科学出版社,1994。
杨进。环境地球物理教程。北京:中国地质大学,2004。
张海心,杨言辰。高密度电阻率法在东安金矿床勘探中的应用。吉林地质,2005,24(4):76-79。
张松木。高密度电法在苏坂矿区寻找锰矿中的应用。中国西部科技,2008,7(32):33-34。
张卫国,匡伶俐。高密度电阻率法二维层析成像研究与应用。煤田地质与勘探,2008,36(2):55-59。
赵光辉。高密度电法勘探技术及其应用。矿产与地质,2006,20(2):166-168。
周熙襄,钟本善。电法勘探数值模拟技术[M].成都:科学技术出版社,1986。
Dey, A., and Morrison, H. F, 1979, Resistivity modeling for arbitrarily shaped three-dimensional structures: Geophysics, 44:753-780.
J. H. COGGON*。ELECTROMAGNETIC AND ELECTRICAL MODELING BY THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD。GEOPHYSICS, 1971, 36(1): 132-155.
J. H. COGGON*。ELECTROMAGNETIC AND ELECTRICAL MODELING BY THE FINITE ELEMENT METHOD。GEOPHYSICS, 1971, 36(1): 132-155.
Jie Zhang*, Randall L. Mackie*, and Theodore R. Madden. 3-D resistivity forward modeling and inversion using conjugate gradients. GEOPHYSICS ,1995, 60(5):1313-1325.
Loke, M.H. and Dahlin,T..A comparison of the Gauss-Newton and quasi-Newton methods in resistivity imaging inversion. Journal of Applied Geophysics, 2002, 49,149-162.
Loke,M.H..Topographic. modeling in resistivity imaging inversion .62nd EAGE Conference & Technical Exhibition Extended Abstracts,D-2,2000.
Loke,M.H..Tutorial. 2-D and 3-D electrical imaging surveys. Geotomo Software, Malaysia, 2001.
Michael S. Zhdanov1, Seong Kon Lee2, and Ken Yoshioka。Integral equation method for 3D modeling of electromagnetic fields in complex structures with inhomogeneous background conductivity。GEOPHYSICS,2006, 71(6):333-345.
Yutaka Sasaki。Two-dimensional joint inversion of magnetotelluric and dipole-dipole resistivity data。GEOPHYSICS, 1989,54(2): 254-262.
曹立斌,孟永良,周建兰。电阻率层析成像技术的回顾与展望。勘探地球物理进展,2004,27(3):170-173。
陈斌文,龚剑平,嵇其伟。高密度电阻率法空洞探测的数据处理方法。路基工程,2009,1:175-177。
底青云,王妙月。二维电阻率成像的有限元解法。岩石力学与工程学报,1999,18(3):317-321。
董浩斌,王传雷。高密度电法的发展与应用.地学前缘,2003,10(1):171-176。
冯锐,李智明,李志武,等。电阻率层析成像技术。中国地震,2004,20(1):13-30。
付长民,李帝铨,王光杰,等。高密度电法数值模拟及其在寻找北京人头盖骨化石中的应用。地球物理学进展,2008,23(1):263-262。
付良魁。电法勘探教程[M]。地质出版社,1985。康健,等。高密度电法在火山熔岩台地地质调查中的探讨。华北地震科学,2008,26(4):31-35。
黄立勇,金维松。物探方法在诸暨市大路山滑坡勘查中的应用。西部探矿工程,2006(11):263-265。
李金铭等。地电场与电法勘探。北京:地质出版社,2005。
李金铭,罗延钟,等。电法勘探新进展,1995。
李天成,牛滨华,孙春岩,赵丽。2D电阻率正反演成像在水平和垂直模型上的异常响应研究。地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):940-946。
李天成,牛滨华,孙春岩等。跨孔电阻率法有限元数值模拟及反演。地质与勘探,2008,44(3):52-55。
廖秀英,龙慧。高密度数值方法在大桥跨越河流选址上的应用。山西建筑,2008,34(34):11-12。
刘宾,李洪德,赵明杰。高密度电法在地下防渗墙检测中的应用。华北地震科学,2004,22(4):50-52。
刘昌军,赵进勇,孙东亚,等。高密度电法仪在工程隐患探测中的应用。水利水电技术,2007,38(2):50-54。
刘海生,侯胜利。土壤与地下水污染的地球物理地球化学勘查。物探与化探,2003,27(4):307-311。
刘树才,何昭友,刘志新。适合地形起伏的二维有限单元数值模拟技术。物探化探计算技术,2005,27(2):131-135。
刘晓东。高密度电法在宜春市岩溶地质调查中的应用[J]。中国地质灾害与防治学报,2002,13(1):72-75。
刘晓东。高密度电法在工程物探中的应用[J]。工程勘察,2001(4):64-66。
阮百尧,村上裕,徐世浙。电阻率/激发极化率数据的二维反演程序[J]。物探化探计算技术,1999 (2): 116-125。
阮百尧,村上裕,徐世浙。激发极化数据的最小二乘二维反演方法。地球科学——中国地质大学学报,1999,24(6):621-626。
阮百尧。视电阻率对模型电阻率的偏导数矩阵计算方法。地质与勘探,2001,37(6):39-41。
王洪,汤井田。高密度电阻率法在贵州福泉矿难救援中的应用。工程地球物理学报,2006,3(5):392-394。
王家映。地球物理反演理论(第二版)[M]。北京:高等教育出版社,2002
王书民,孟小红。频率域高密度电法在秦始皇陵地宫探测中的试验效果。物探与化探,2004,28(4):327-332。
王玉清。综合物探在高层建筑选址工作中的应用[J]。河南地质,2001 (3):208-211。
吴长盛。北大港水库堤坝裂缝检测与评定技术研究[J]。水利水电技术,2001(5):61-63。
吴小平,汪彤彤。电阻率三维反演方法研究进展。地球物理学进展,2002,17(1):156-162。
徐世浙。地球物理中的有限单元法[M]。北京:科学出版社,1994。
杨进。环境地球物理教程。北京:中国地质大学,2004。
张海心,杨言辰。高密度电阻率法在东安金矿床勘探中的应用。吉林地质,2005,24(4):76-79。
张松木。高密度电法在苏坂矿区寻找锰矿中的应用。中国西部科技,2008,7(32):33-34。
张卫国,匡伶俐。高密度电阻率法二维层析成像研究与应用。煤田地质与勘探,2008,36(2):55-59。
赵光辉。高密度电法勘探技术及其应用。矿产与地质,2006,20(2):166-168。
周熙襄,钟本善。电法勘探数值模拟技术[M].成都:科学技术出版社,1986。
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