1米拼接主镜光学系统设计与同心度检测方法研究
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摘要
随着光学成像系统的大口径化和高分辨率化发展的趋势,拼接孔径技术成为了突破传统光学系统高分辨率极限的关键技术之一。
针对拼接孔径光学系统的成像特点和实现方式,进行光学系统的设计和同心度检测方法的研究。包括:系统的总体设计;各光学参数和结构的确定;孔径拼接方案的选择;具体的光学设计和同心度检测方法的探讨。
最终设计一个全口径1米,焦距8000mm,全视场角为0.08°,主反射镜由1块母镜加9块子镜拼接的附加透镜组的卡塞格林式光学系统,实现消色差,光学传递函数接近接近衍射极限的优良成像质量。此外,提出利用直角屋脊棱镜作为检测棱镜,进行同心度的自准直检测。
With the rapid development of large aperture optical systems and high resolution of imaging optical systems, aperture-stitching technique has been one of the most important techniques that can efficiently and feasibly break the resolution limit of traditional optical system.
In view of the imaging character and implementation of aperture-stitching optical system, the design of the optical system and the concentricity measurement is concerned in this paper. It is composed of the total design of the system, the confirmation of optical and structure parameter, the selection of the plan of the aperture-stitching and the optical design and measurement plan.
The Cassegrain optical system, which has 1m aperture, 800mm focal length and the field-view angle of 0.08°is designed. The '1+9' aperture-stiching model is applied in this paper. The color aberration is eliminated and the optical transfer function is really very near to the limit of diffraction. In addition, the right-angle roof prism is applied as test prism to realize the auto-test of the concentricity.
针对拼接孔径光学系统的成像特点和实现方式,进行光学系统的设计和同心度检测方法的研究。包括:系统的总体设计;各光学参数和结构的确定;孔径拼接方案的选择;具体的光学设计和同心度检测方法的探讨。
最终设计一个全口径1米,焦距8000mm,全视场角为0.08°,主反射镜由1块母镜加9块子镜拼接的附加透镜组的卡塞格林式光学系统,实现消色差,光学传递函数接近接近衍射极限的优良成像质量。此外,提出利用直角屋脊棱镜作为检测棱镜,进行同心度的自准直检测。
With the rapid development of large aperture optical systems and high resolution of imaging optical systems, aperture-stitching technique has been one of the most important techniques that can efficiently and feasibly break the resolution limit of traditional optical system.
In view of the imaging character and implementation of aperture-stitching optical system, the design of the optical system and the concentricity measurement is concerned in this paper. It is composed of the total design of the system, the confirmation of optical and structure parameter, the selection of the plan of the aperture-stitching and the optical design and measurement plan.
The Cassegrain optical system, which has 1m aperture, 800mm focal length and the field-view angle of 0.08°is designed. The '1+9' aperture-stiching model is applied in this paper. The color aberration is eliminated and the optical transfer function is really very near to the limit of diffraction. In addition, the right-angle roof prism is applied as test prism to realize the auto-test of the concentricity.
引文
1、Bintang Yang,Dehua Yang,Guang Meng,et al.Application study on giant-magnetostrictive actuator for driving segmented mirrors of very large astronomical telescope.SPIE Vol:6423 1 November 2007
2、王绶琯.LAMOST之旅.邯郸学院学报,2007年03期
3、万同山.NGST,GAIA和SIM——21世纪初的空间天文望远镜.天文学进展,Vol.17,No.3 Sep.1999
4、H.M.Martin;J.R.P.Angel;J.H.Burge;B.Cuerden;W.B.Davison:M.Johns;J.S.Kingsley;L.B.Kot;R.D.Lutz;S.M.Miller;S.A.Shectman;P.A.Strittmatter;C.Zhao Design and manufacture of 8.4 m primary mirror segments and supports for the GMT Optomechanical Technologies for Astronomy 62730E 6 July 2006
5、Christophe Dupuy;Christoph Frank;Frederic Gonte;Constanza Araujo Hauck;Roland Brast;Regina Esteves;Matti Nylund;Babak Sedghi;Frederic Derie ASM:scaled down active segmented mirror developed to simulate a segmented primary mirror Optomechanical Technologies for Astronomy 62733E 6 July 2006
6、Peter Ruemmer,Ernst-Dieter Knohl,Immo Appenzeller,et al.Segmented mirrors for DGT.SPIE Vol:1271,1 August 1990
7、Peter Friedrich,Bernd Aschenbach,Heinrich Brauninger,et al.Recent results on manufacturing of segmented x-ray mirrors with slumped glass SPIE Vol:5900
8、J.Fausto M.Escobar-Romero,Fermin-Solomon S.Granados-Agustin,Alejandro Cornejo-Rodriguez Numerical simulation to align a segment mirror.SPIE Vol:5622 21 October 2004
9、Anatolii V.Makhan'ko Aberration identification in the automatic phasing system of a segmented controllable mirror spie vol:3583 13 January 1999
10、Hans J.Kaercher Dynamic aspects of segmented mirror position control 2nd International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies:Large Mirrors and Telescopes 30 May 2006
11、Fabien Baron;Frederic Cassaing:Amandine Blanc;David Laubier Cophasing a wide field multi-aperture array by phase-diversity:influence of aperture redundancy and dilution Interferometry in Space,pp.663-673 26 February 2003
12、王庆有编著.CCD应用技术.天津:天津大学出版社,2000
13、WeiYao Zou New phasing algorithm for large segmented telescope mirrors.SPIE Vol:41.1 September 2002
14、马品仲.大型望远镜主镜方案设计.应用光学,1993年02期
15、马品仲.4.3m望远镜主镜材料选择与镜坯设计.应用光学,1993年06期
16、Jose M.Rodriguez-Gonzalez,Jesus J.Fuensalida Results of diffraction effects in segmented mirrors:co-phasing with integrated curvature signal spie Vol:4837 4 February 2003
17、白剑,程上彝,杨国光.大口径镜面的多孔径拼接技术.光学学报.1997年07期
18、程刚,蒋世磊.大口径光学件误差均化拼接技术.光电工程,2006年06期
19、杨国光.近代光学测试技术.杭州:浙江大学出版社,1997年
20、Robert C.Romeo;Peter C.Chen Ultra-lightweight 4-meter segmented composite mirrors for extremely large telescopes,Future Giant Telescopes.pp.332-339.30 January 2003
21、江月松等.光电技术与实验.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1999
22、何业文,吕伟忠.300mm卡塞格林望远镜.光学技术,1994年第4期
23、邓键,张伟.左保军,刘剑峰.拼接式合成孔径光学系统的失调误差分析研究.光学技术.2003年第33卷第1期
24、袁旭沧,李士贤.郑乐年等.光学设计.北京:北京理工大学出版,1988.
25、ZEMAX Optical Design Program User's Guide,Ver 10.0 Focus Software.Incorporated
26、王之江.光学技术手册(上册)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1987.1119-1166
27、李士贤.李林编.光学设计手册.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1995
28、Dave Baiocchi,James H.Burge Radius of curvature metrology for segmented mirrors SPIE Vol:409324 October 2000
29、Dehua Yang,Kunxin Chen,Yongjun Liang,et al.Design evolution and evaluation of the segmented reflecting Schmidt mirror cell of the LAMOST telescope.SPIE Vol:5877 30 August 2005
30、白剑,程上彝.子孔径检测及拼接的矩阵分析.上海交通大学学报,1997年07期
31、王志坚,刘冬梅.付跃刚.光学工程基础.北京:兵器工业出版社,2005:173-176.
32、付跃刚,刘智颖,张磊,李萍,王志坚.宽光束波前测量子孔径拼接方法研究.仪器仪表学报,2005年S1期
2、王绶琯.LAMOST之旅.邯郸学院学报,2007年03期
3、万同山.NGST,GAIA和SIM——21世纪初的空间天文望远镜.天文学进展,Vol.17,No.3 Sep.1999
4、H.M.Martin;J.R.P.Angel;J.H.Burge;B.Cuerden;W.B.Davison:M.Johns;J.S.Kingsley;L.B.Kot;R.D.Lutz;S.M.Miller;S.A.Shectman;P.A.Strittmatter;C.Zhao Design and manufacture of 8.4 m primary mirror segments and supports for the GMT Optomechanical Technologies for Astronomy 62730E 6 July 2006
5、Christophe Dupuy;Christoph Frank;Frederic Gonte;Constanza Araujo Hauck;Roland Brast;Regina Esteves;Matti Nylund;Babak Sedghi;Frederic Derie ASM:scaled down active segmented mirror developed to simulate a segmented primary mirror Optomechanical Technologies for Astronomy 62733E 6 July 2006
6、Peter Ruemmer,Ernst-Dieter Knohl,Immo Appenzeller,et al.Segmented mirrors for DGT.SPIE Vol:1271,1 August 1990
7、Peter Friedrich,Bernd Aschenbach,Heinrich Brauninger,et al.Recent results on manufacturing of segmented x-ray mirrors with slumped glass SPIE Vol:5900
8、J.Fausto M.Escobar-Romero,Fermin-Solomon S.Granados-Agustin,Alejandro Cornejo-Rodriguez Numerical simulation to align a segment mirror.SPIE Vol:5622 21 October 2004
9、Anatolii V.Makhan'ko Aberration identification in the automatic phasing system of a segmented controllable mirror spie vol:3583 13 January 1999
10、Hans J.Kaercher Dynamic aspects of segmented mirror position control 2nd International Symposium on Advanced Optical Manufacturing and Testing Technologies:Large Mirrors and Telescopes 30 May 2006
11、Fabien Baron;Frederic Cassaing:Amandine Blanc;David Laubier Cophasing a wide field multi-aperture array by phase-diversity:influence of aperture redundancy and dilution Interferometry in Space,pp.663-673 26 February 2003
12、王庆有编著.CCD应用技术.天津:天津大学出版社,2000
13、WeiYao Zou New phasing algorithm for large segmented telescope mirrors.SPIE Vol:41.1 September 2002
14、马品仲.大型望远镜主镜方案设计.应用光学,1993年02期
15、马品仲.4.3m望远镜主镜材料选择与镜坯设计.应用光学,1993年06期
16、Jose M.Rodriguez-Gonzalez,Jesus J.Fuensalida Results of diffraction effects in segmented mirrors:co-phasing with integrated curvature signal spie Vol:4837 4 February 2003
17、白剑,程上彝,杨国光.大口径镜面的多孔径拼接技术.光学学报.1997年07期
18、程刚,蒋世磊.大口径光学件误差均化拼接技术.光电工程,2006年06期
19、杨国光.近代光学测试技术.杭州:浙江大学出版社,1997年
20、Robert C.Romeo;Peter C.Chen Ultra-lightweight 4-meter segmented composite mirrors for extremely large telescopes,Future Giant Telescopes.pp.332-339.30 January 2003
21、江月松等.光电技术与实验.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1999
22、何业文,吕伟忠.300mm卡塞格林望远镜.光学技术,1994年第4期
23、邓键,张伟.左保军,刘剑峰.拼接式合成孔径光学系统的失调误差分析研究.光学技术.2003年第33卷第1期
24、袁旭沧,李士贤.郑乐年等.光学设计.北京:北京理工大学出版,1988.
25、ZEMAX Optical Design Program User's Guide,Ver 10.0 Focus Software.Incorporated
26、王之江.光学技术手册(上册)[M].北京:机械工业出版社,1987.1119-1166
27、李士贤.李林编.光学设计手册.北京:北京理工大学出版社,1995
28、Dave Baiocchi,James H.Burge Radius of curvature metrology for segmented mirrors SPIE Vol:409324 October 2000
29、Dehua Yang,Kunxin Chen,Yongjun Liang,et al.Design evolution and evaluation of the segmented reflecting Schmidt mirror cell of the LAMOST telescope.SPIE Vol:5877 30 August 2005
30、白剑,程上彝.子孔径检测及拼接的矩阵分析.上海交通大学学报,1997年07期
31、王志坚,刘冬梅.付跃刚.光学工程基础.北京:兵器工业出版社,2005:173-176.
32、付跃刚,刘智颖,张磊,李萍,王志坚.宽光束波前测量子孔径拼接方法研究.仪器仪表学报,2005年S1期
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