高含水期剩余油综合评价方法研究
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摘要
目前,我国的大部分油田经过几十年的开发(包括注水开发),已进入高(特高)含水开发阶段,开采效率明显下降。因此高含水期油田开发与调整的主要任务就是“寻找剩余油,开采剩余油”。大庆油田经历近50年的注水开发,目前已累积生产原油19.5×108t,采出地质储量近42%。还有近60%的地质储量滞留在地下。如何搞清地下各类油层中剩余油的潜力及分布,是大庆油田高含水后期的重要课题。
针对油田开发面临的地质问题,本文以高含水期剩余油分布、高含水期剩余油定量评价为研究范围,对高含水期剩余油综合评价方法进行研究。通过对高含水期油田剩余油的分布规律、剩余油分布的控制因素以及采出程度影响因素分析,结合单井层剩余地质储量计算方法、单井层产注量劈分方法研究,对高含水期剩余油多种综合评价参数及方法进行优选,结合高含水期剩余油综合评价系统软件的编制,达到对高含水期剩余油进行综合评价和预测方法研究目的。
剩余油研究是各石油生产国颇为重视的一项世界性的研究课题,已经成为国际石油学术界急于攻关的难题之一,引起世界各石油生产国的普遍关注。萨尔图油田,经过四十余年的注水开发,目前油田已进入高含水开发阶段,随着油田开发工作的不断深入开采效率明显下降,油气开采的难度越来越大,为了油田的稳产,为了提高采收率,加强对高含水期剩余油分布和评价的研究,不仅具有重大的理论意义,而且对于搞好油田的后续开发、稳定和提高采收率具有重要的现实意义。
At present, most of China's oil fields after decades of development (including flood development), has entered the high (extra high) water cut development period, and the recovery efficiency has declined markedly. Therefore the main task of oil field development and adjustment in high water cut period is to "look for residual oil and exploit residual oil." Daqing oil field has gone through 50 years of flood development, the cumulative production is currently 1950 million tons of crude oil, and the produced geological reserves is nearly 42%. There are almost 60% of the geological reserves still underground. How to make clear residual oil potential and distribution of all kinds of reservoir underground is an important subject of Daqing Oilfield at later stage of high water cut.
For geological problems faced by oil field development, the passage regard the residual oil distribution and quantitative evaluation in high water cut stage as the scope of study and research the residual oil comprehensive evaluation method in high water cut stage. Through the analysis of residual oil distribution rule, distribution control factors and affecting factors of degree of reserve recovery, combined the study of calculation procedure of remaining geological reserves and divided method of input and output rate in a single well layer, optimize the residual oil evaluation parameters and method in high water cut stage. Combined the residual oil comprehensive evaluation software in high water cut stage, achieve the purpose of residual oil comprehensive evaluation and prediction method study in high water cut stage.
Study of residual oil is a worldwide priority research topic for the oil-producing countries and has become an eagerly resolved difficult problem of the international oil academics which causes common concern of the worldwide oil-producing countries. Saertu oil field, after more than forty years of flood development, has currently entered the high water cut development period.development phase. With the development of the oil field becoming more deeply, the recovery efficiency decreases markedly and the exploitation of oil and gas becomes more difficult.In order to keep rate maintenance and enhance oil recovery, strengthening the study of residual oil distribution and evaluation in high water cut stage is not only of great theoretical significance, but also of important practical significance for bettering sequel development, recovery stability and enhancement.
针对油田开发面临的地质问题,本文以高含水期剩余油分布、高含水期剩余油定量评价为研究范围,对高含水期剩余油综合评价方法进行研究。通过对高含水期油田剩余油的分布规律、剩余油分布的控制因素以及采出程度影响因素分析,结合单井层剩余地质储量计算方法、单井层产注量劈分方法研究,对高含水期剩余油多种综合评价参数及方法进行优选,结合高含水期剩余油综合评价系统软件的编制,达到对高含水期剩余油进行综合评价和预测方法研究目的。
剩余油研究是各石油生产国颇为重视的一项世界性的研究课题,已经成为国际石油学术界急于攻关的难题之一,引起世界各石油生产国的普遍关注。萨尔图油田,经过四十余年的注水开发,目前油田已进入高含水开发阶段,随着油田开发工作的不断深入开采效率明显下降,油气开采的难度越来越大,为了油田的稳产,为了提高采收率,加强对高含水期剩余油分布和评价的研究,不仅具有重大的理论意义,而且对于搞好油田的后续开发、稳定和提高采收率具有重要的现实意义。
At present, most of China's oil fields after decades of development (including flood development), has entered the high (extra high) water cut development period, and the recovery efficiency has declined markedly. Therefore the main task of oil field development and adjustment in high water cut period is to "look for residual oil and exploit residual oil." Daqing oil field has gone through 50 years of flood development, the cumulative production is currently 1950 million tons of crude oil, and the produced geological reserves is nearly 42%. There are almost 60% of the geological reserves still underground. How to make clear residual oil potential and distribution of all kinds of reservoir underground is an important subject of Daqing Oilfield at later stage of high water cut.
For geological problems faced by oil field development, the passage regard the residual oil distribution and quantitative evaluation in high water cut stage as the scope of study and research the residual oil comprehensive evaluation method in high water cut stage. Through the analysis of residual oil distribution rule, distribution control factors and affecting factors of degree of reserve recovery, combined the study of calculation procedure of remaining geological reserves and divided method of input and output rate in a single well layer, optimize the residual oil evaluation parameters and method in high water cut stage. Combined the residual oil comprehensive evaluation software in high water cut stage, achieve the purpose of residual oil comprehensive evaluation and prediction method study in high water cut stage.
Study of residual oil is a worldwide priority research topic for the oil-producing countries and has become an eagerly resolved difficult problem of the international oil academics which causes common concern of the worldwide oil-producing countries. Saertu oil field, after more than forty years of flood development, has currently entered the high water cut development period.development phase. With the development of the oil field becoming more deeply, the recovery efficiency decreases markedly and the exploitation of oil and gas becomes more difficult.In order to keep rate maintenance and enhance oil recovery, strengthening the study of residual oil distribution and evaluation in high water cut stage is not only of great theoretical significance, but also of important practical significance for bettering sequel development, recovery stability and enhancement.
引文
[1]刘晓艳,陈月明.特高含水期油田剩余油评价方法在某单元的应用[J].西部探矿工程.2006(12)
[2]黎文清,李世安主编.油气田开发地质基础(第二版) [M].北京.石油工业出版社.1993.379～394
[3]盛卫华.文79断块区剩余油研究及实施效果评价[J].内蒙古石油化工.2005(11)
[4]俞启泰.关于剩余油研究的探讨[J].石油勘探与开发.1977,24(2):46～50
[5]曾庆娟,刘同敬.高含水期示踪剂及碳氧比测井测定剩余油精度评价[J].特种油气藏.2003(10)
[6]张昌维.剩余油分布规律研究综述[J].高校论坛.2004,(1):25
[7]秦同洛,李璗,陈元千等.实用油藏工程方法[M].石油工业出版社.1989.
[8]冯明生,别爱芳,方宏长.高含水期剩余油分布研究方法探讨[J].世界石油工业.2000,7(7):40～43.
[9]刘吉余.油气田开发地质基础[M].石油工业出版社.364～367
[10]吴元燕,陈碧珏主编.油矿地质学(第二版)[M].北京:石油工业出版社.1996.275～326
[11]吴艳菊,隋凤芝等.萨中开发区不同砂体储量物性参数研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社.2001.11
[12]李伯虎,李洁.大庆油田精细地质研究与应用技术[M].石油工业出版社.2004
[13]裘亦楠.开发地质方法论(一) [J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(2):43～47
[14]刘丁曾.王启民.李伯虎.大庆多层砂岩油田开发[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.1～4
[15]刘吉余,尹万泉等.流动单元的研究方法及其研究意义[J],大庆石油学院学报.1998.22(1):5～7
[16] Rodriguez A and Maraven S A. Facies Modeling and the Flow Unit Concept as a Sedimentological Tool in Reservoir Description: A Case Study, SPE18154, Presented at the 63th Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition of the SPE, Houston, Tesas, Oct, 2-5, 1988: 465～472
[17]穆龙新,黄石岩,贾爱林,油藏描述新技术.中国石油天然气总公司油气田开发工作会议文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社.1996.1～10
[18]陈元千,油田可采储量计算方法[J].新疆石油地质,2000,2(21).
[19]陈军,张烈辉,冯异勇.单井水驱储量评价研究[J].西南石油学院学报,2001,6(23)
[20]邵先杰.英台油田低幅度构造油藏剩余油分布规律研究[J].2005,12(4):40～43.
[21]张国庆,陈庆陵,郝文民等.东濮凹陷胡十二块剩余油分布特征及挖潜对策[J].西北地质.2002,35(2):55～59.
[22]汪立君,陈新军.储层非均质性对剩余油分布影响.地质科技情报.2003,22(2):71～73.
[23]李贵恩,鹿天柱,李慧.动态资料在油层早期评价中的应用[J].油气井测试,1996,5(1):28～31.
[24]王振强,王建华,李文光等.潮阳沟油田5-朝45区块剩余油分布特征[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(4):36～38.
[25]荣娜,崔小雷,于会利等.精细油藏描述技术在胜坨油田开发中的应用[J].新疆地质,2005,23(2):187～189.
[26]袁娜,陈全知.利用井壁取芯资料评价剩余油分布[J].油气田地面工程.2005(08)
[27]冯文光.渗流力学[M].科学出版社,2007.
[28]付国民,马力宁,屈信忠.采用多级模糊综合评判法对剩余油潜力定量评价[J].地球科学与环境学报.2004(06)
[29]徐文峰,杨丽英,杜振惠.非均质砂岩油藏高含水期剩余油分布规律研究[J].国外油气田工程.2004,20(1):16～18.
[30] Kong Fanqun. Application of neural network in the researvh on remaining oil. Scientia Geologica Sinica[J].1999,8(4):561～566.
[31] Zhou Hong, Tang Chuanyi. Applying the Dynamic Two-Step Method to Forcast Remaining oil distribution of lower series,xiaermen oilfield[J]. Journal of China University of Geosciences. 2006, 17(1):65～70.
[32]赵磊,刘景兰.特高含水期油藏剩余油分布及开发技术研究.内蒙古石油化工.2001,27:94～98.
[33]严科,杨少春.单层剩余油的算法及应用[J].高校地质学报.2007(01)
[34]武晓波等.Delaunay三角网的生成算法研究[J].测绘学报,1999,28(1):28～35
[35] Voronoi G. Nouvelles Application des Parameters Continus,a la Theories des Formes Quadratiques, Deuxieme Memorie:Recherches sur les Parraelloedres Prim itifs, Jounal fur die Reine und angewandte Mathematik,1908(134):198~287
[36] Thiessen A H. Precipitation Average for Large Areas, Monthly Weather Review, 1911(39):1082~1084
[37] Delaunay B. Sur la Sphere Vide. Bulletion of th e Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Classe des Sciences Mathematiques et Naturelles,1934(8):793~800
[38] Lee D T, Schachter B J. Two algorithms for constructing a delauny triangulation, Int. J. of Computer and Information Sciences,1980,9(3):162~168
[39] MaCaullagh M T,Ross C G. Delaunay triangulation of a random data set for iirarthmic mapping. The Cartographic Journal,1980,(17):93~99
[40]徐青,常歌,杨力.基于自适应分块的TIN三角网建立算法[J].中国图像图形学报,2000,5(6)
[41]黄学峰,李敬功,吴长虹等.注水井分层累计吸水量动态劈分方法[J].测井技术.2004,28(5)
[42]宋考平,王立军.单层剩余油分布及动态指标预测动态劈分法[J].石油学报.2000(11)
[43]孙焕泉,孙国,程会明.胜坨油田特高含水期剩余油分布仿真模型[J].石油勘探与开发.2002(03)
[44]李忠江,杜庆龙,杨景强.高含水后期单层剩余油识别方法研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发.2001,20(6)
[45]刘地渊.濮城油田多油层非均质油藏剩余油研究[J].石油天然气学报.2006(08)
[46]吴胜和.提高储层随机建模精度的地质约束原则[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(1).
[2]黎文清,李世安主编.油气田开发地质基础(第二版) [M].北京.石油工业出版社.1993.379～394
[3]盛卫华.文79断块区剩余油研究及实施效果评价[J].内蒙古石油化工.2005(11)
[4]俞启泰.关于剩余油研究的探讨[J].石油勘探与开发.1977,24(2):46～50
[5]曾庆娟,刘同敬.高含水期示踪剂及碳氧比测井测定剩余油精度评价[J].特种油气藏.2003(10)
[6]张昌维.剩余油分布规律研究综述[J].高校论坛.2004,(1):25
[7]秦同洛,李璗,陈元千等.实用油藏工程方法[M].石油工业出版社.1989.
[8]冯明生,别爱芳,方宏长.高含水期剩余油分布研究方法探讨[J].世界石油工业.2000,7(7):40～43.
[9]刘吉余.油气田开发地质基础[M].石油工业出版社.364～367
[10]吴元燕,陈碧珏主编.油矿地质学(第二版)[M].北京:石油工业出版社.1996.275～326
[11]吴艳菊,隋凤芝等.萨中开发区不同砂体储量物性参数研究[M].北京:石油工业出版社.2001.11
[12]李伯虎,李洁.大庆油田精细地质研究与应用技术[M].石油工业出版社.2004
[13]裘亦楠.开发地质方法论(一) [J].石油勘探与开发,1996,23(2):43～47
[14]刘丁曾.王启民.李伯虎.大庆多层砂岩油田开发[M].北京:石油工业出版社,1996.1～4
[15]刘吉余,尹万泉等.流动单元的研究方法及其研究意义[J],大庆石油学院学报.1998.22(1):5～7
[16] Rodriguez A and Maraven S A. Facies Modeling and the Flow Unit Concept as a Sedimentological Tool in Reservoir Description: A Case Study, SPE18154, Presented at the 63th Annual Technical Conference and Exhibition of the SPE, Houston, Tesas, Oct, 2-5, 1988: 465～472
[17]穆龙新,黄石岩,贾爱林,油藏描述新技术.中国石油天然气总公司油气田开发工作会议文集[M].北京:石油工业出版社.1996.1～10
[18]陈元千,油田可采储量计算方法[J].新疆石油地质,2000,2(21).
[19]陈军,张烈辉,冯异勇.单井水驱储量评价研究[J].西南石油学院学报,2001,6(23)
[20]邵先杰.英台油田低幅度构造油藏剩余油分布规律研究[J].2005,12(4):40～43.
[21]张国庆,陈庆陵,郝文民等.东濮凹陷胡十二块剩余油分布特征及挖潜对策[J].西北地质.2002,35(2):55～59.
[22]汪立君,陈新军.储层非均质性对剩余油分布影响.地质科技情报.2003,22(2):71～73.
[23]李贵恩,鹿天柱,李慧.动态资料在油层早期评价中的应用[J].油气井测试,1996,5(1):28～31.
[24]王振强,王建华,李文光等.潮阳沟油田5-朝45区块剩余油分布特征[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2002,21(4):36～38.
[25]荣娜,崔小雷,于会利等.精细油藏描述技术在胜坨油田开发中的应用[J].新疆地质,2005,23(2):187～189.
[26]袁娜,陈全知.利用井壁取芯资料评价剩余油分布[J].油气田地面工程.2005(08)
[27]冯文光.渗流力学[M].科学出版社,2007.
[28]付国民,马力宁,屈信忠.采用多级模糊综合评判法对剩余油潜力定量评价[J].地球科学与环境学报.2004(06)
[29]徐文峰,杨丽英,杜振惠.非均质砂岩油藏高含水期剩余油分布规律研究[J].国外油气田工程.2004,20(1):16～18.
[30] Kong Fanqun. Application of neural network in the researvh on remaining oil. Scientia Geologica Sinica[J].1999,8(4):561～566.
[31] Zhou Hong, Tang Chuanyi. Applying the Dynamic Two-Step Method to Forcast Remaining oil distribution of lower series,xiaermen oilfield[J]. Journal of China University of Geosciences. 2006, 17(1):65～70.
[32]赵磊,刘景兰.特高含水期油藏剩余油分布及开发技术研究.内蒙古石油化工.2001,27:94～98.
[33]严科,杨少春.单层剩余油的算法及应用[J].高校地质学报.2007(01)
[34]武晓波等.Delaunay三角网的生成算法研究[J].测绘学报,1999,28(1):28～35
[35] Voronoi G. Nouvelles Application des Parameters Continus,a la Theories des Formes Quadratiques, Deuxieme Memorie:Recherches sur les Parraelloedres Prim itifs, Jounal fur die Reine und angewandte Mathematik,1908(134):198~287
[36] Thiessen A H. Precipitation Average for Large Areas, Monthly Weather Review, 1911(39):1082~1084
[37] Delaunay B. Sur la Sphere Vide. Bulletion of th e Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Classe des Sciences Mathematiques et Naturelles,1934(8):793~800
[38] Lee D T, Schachter B J. Two algorithms for constructing a delauny triangulation, Int. J. of Computer and Information Sciences,1980,9(3):162~168
[39] MaCaullagh M T,Ross C G. Delaunay triangulation of a random data set for iirarthmic mapping. The Cartographic Journal,1980,(17):93~99
[40]徐青,常歌,杨力.基于自适应分块的TIN三角网建立算法[J].中国图像图形学报,2000,5(6)
[41]黄学峰,李敬功,吴长虹等.注水井分层累计吸水量动态劈分方法[J].测井技术.2004,28(5)
[42]宋考平,王立军.单层剩余油分布及动态指标预测动态劈分法[J].石油学报.2000(11)
[43]孙焕泉,孙国,程会明.胜坨油田特高含水期剩余油分布仿真模型[J].石油勘探与开发.2002(03)
[44]李忠江,杜庆龙,杨景强.高含水后期单层剩余油识别方法研究[J].大庆石油地质与开发.2001,20(6)
[45]刘地渊.濮城油田多油层非均质油藏剩余油研究[J].石油天然气学报.2006(08)
[46]吴胜和.提高储层随机建模精度的地质约束原则[J].石油大学学报(自然科学版),2001,25(1).
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