信息腐败研究
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摘要
随着改革开放的日益深入,全球信息化的不断加速,我国经济体制正在经历着从社会主义计划经济向社会主义市场经济体制转变的过程中。经济实力不断提升,但是人们的思想也相继发生变化,道德约束逐步降低,各种腐败不断发生,信息腐败就是其中一种。信息腐败由于其隐蔽性强、可控性差、破坏性大,造成公共信息资源产权转移、信息资源价值消减以及政府权威减低,社会公众对公共信息资源存取的积极性和参与性降低,导致社会信息分化,甚至阻碍社会信息化进程,因此信息腐败逐渐引起了政府和学者的广泛关注。
本文研究了与信息腐败相关的理论,引入信息传输模型,分析了信息腐败行为的构成要件,建立了信息腐败产生模型,并对模型进行了解释和验证,最后提出了信息腐败预防与惩治的若干建议。
(1)信息腐败相关理论研究
从信息腐败产生的背景引出相关问题,提出信息腐败研究的目的和意义,以文献综述的形式评述了国内外对信息腐败研究关注的焦点和热点,厘清本文的研究思路和研究内容。信息腐败涉及到信息学、经济学、社会学以及政治和法律等学科,论文就相关的理论进行了探讨,阐述相关理论与信息腐败之间的关系,例如信息资源的配置、“经济人”假设和寻租理论等,为信息腐败产生模型的构建提供依据,并奠定理论基础。
(2)信息腐败产生模型研究
以阐述信息论中的“信息传输模型”为切入点,引入“经济人”假设,在遵循模型构建步骤的基础上,分析了信息腐败行为的构建要素,从而构建了信息腐败产生模型。利用该模型解释信息腐败产生的动机、发展的过程以及信息腐败的特点,最后以两个典型案例为例证明信息腐败产生模型构成要素的完备性以及相互作用的合理性。
(3)信息腐败危害与防治对策研究
首先分析信息腐败产生的危害,存在公共信息资源产权转移、政府权威降低、信息分化加剧,甚至阻碍社会信息化进程等危险；其次提出了信息腐败发生与防治的成本曲线,说明信息腐败的防治目标是使其发生的次数较低,而难以杜绝；最后提出信息腐败防治的理论框架图,在“经济人”假设的基础上,从信息腐败行为动机和发生机会(信息腐败手段和方式)两个途径提出防治的建议,为提高社会公众信息素养、加强法律体制建设、完善监督体系等方面进行信息腐败防治提供参考。
With Reform and Opening-up increasing deeply, the global information has been accelerating. Economic system of China is being transformed from the socialist planned economic system to the socialist market economic system. With economic growth, people's thinking has also changed and moral is going deterioration. Some kinds of corruptions happen continuously and information corruption is one of them. Because of strong concealment, poor controllability and strong destruction of information corruption, it results some disasters. For example, property rights of public information resources are transferred improperly, the values of information resources are damaged and authorities of governments are decreased. It is difficult for public to access public information, so that leads to social information gap and hinders development process of social information. Information corruption has gradually attracted more and more attention of the governments and researchers.
This dissertation studies some theories which relate to information corruption, proposes a generation model of information corruption based on transmission model, and analyzes the components of information corruption, then lists some cases explaining and validating above model. Finally some prevention and punishment suggestions about information corruption are given.
(1) Theories related to information corruption
Based on analyzing the background of information corruption, aim and significance of this dissertation are introduced. It reviews the focuses and hotspots of information corruption at home and abroad through literature review, and defines contents and research methods. Information corruption is involved in lots of disciplines, such as information science, economics, sociology, politics, law and so on. It discusses the related theories, illustrates the relationship between them, including information resource allocation, hypothesis of economic man, theory of rent-seeking, which provides the theoretical basis for the construction of the generation model of information corruption.
(2) Generation model of information corruption
Firstly, it details information transmission model, and introduces the theory of Hypothesis of Economic Man, then analyzes elements of information corruption which are based on the methods of constructing model. Secondly, it establishes generation model of information corruption which combines information transmission model with corruption. Then it explains the model from different perspectives which include motivation of generation, process of development and characteristics of information corruption. Thirdly, making use of two cases, this dissertation tries to verify whether above model includes necessary elements, and interaction between the elements is reasonable. From the cases, it proves that the model reveals process of generation of information corruption well.
(3) Suggestions about prevention of information corruption
First of all, this dissertation analyzes the dangers of information corruption, such as transfer of property rights of public information resources, reduction of the government authority, increase of the information differentiation, and inhibition of social informationization. Besides, according to above disadvantages, this dissertation proposes the cost curve of occurrence and control of information corruption, and illustrates that goal of prevention of information corruption is to decrease opportunity of its occurrence, but it is difficult to elimination information corruption. Finally, this dissertation constructs a framework of the prevention and control of information corruption. It puts forward prevention and control suggestions from the behavior motives and happens opportunities (information corruption means and methods) based on the theory of Hypothesis of Economic Man, which will facilitate to improve public information literacy, strengthen legal system and perfect the supervision system.
本文研究了与信息腐败相关的理论,引入信息传输模型,分析了信息腐败行为的构成要件,建立了信息腐败产生模型,并对模型进行了解释和验证,最后提出了信息腐败预防与惩治的若干建议。
(1)信息腐败相关理论研究
从信息腐败产生的背景引出相关问题,提出信息腐败研究的目的和意义,以文献综述的形式评述了国内外对信息腐败研究关注的焦点和热点,厘清本文的研究思路和研究内容。信息腐败涉及到信息学、经济学、社会学以及政治和法律等学科,论文就相关的理论进行了探讨,阐述相关理论与信息腐败之间的关系,例如信息资源的配置、“经济人”假设和寻租理论等,为信息腐败产生模型的构建提供依据,并奠定理论基础。
(2)信息腐败产生模型研究
以阐述信息论中的“信息传输模型”为切入点,引入“经济人”假设,在遵循模型构建步骤的基础上,分析了信息腐败行为的构建要素,从而构建了信息腐败产生模型。利用该模型解释信息腐败产生的动机、发展的过程以及信息腐败的特点,最后以两个典型案例为例证明信息腐败产生模型构成要素的完备性以及相互作用的合理性。
(3)信息腐败危害与防治对策研究
首先分析信息腐败产生的危害,存在公共信息资源产权转移、政府权威降低、信息分化加剧,甚至阻碍社会信息化进程等危险；其次提出了信息腐败发生与防治的成本曲线,说明信息腐败的防治目标是使其发生的次数较低,而难以杜绝；最后提出信息腐败防治的理论框架图,在“经济人”假设的基础上,从信息腐败行为动机和发生机会(信息腐败手段和方式)两个途径提出防治的建议,为提高社会公众信息素养、加强法律体制建设、完善监督体系等方面进行信息腐败防治提供参考。
With Reform and Opening-up increasing deeply, the global information has been accelerating. Economic system of China is being transformed from the socialist planned economic system to the socialist market economic system. With economic growth, people's thinking has also changed and moral is going deterioration. Some kinds of corruptions happen continuously and information corruption is one of them. Because of strong concealment, poor controllability and strong destruction of information corruption, it results some disasters. For example, property rights of public information resources are transferred improperly, the values of information resources are damaged and authorities of governments are decreased. It is difficult for public to access public information, so that leads to social information gap and hinders development process of social information. Information corruption has gradually attracted more and more attention of the governments and researchers.
This dissertation studies some theories which relate to information corruption, proposes a generation model of information corruption based on transmission model, and analyzes the components of information corruption, then lists some cases explaining and validating above model. Finally some prevention and punishment suggestions about information corruption are given.
(1) Theories related to information corruption
Based on analyzing the background of information corruption, aim and significance of this dissertation are introduced. It reviews the focuses and hotspots of information corruption at home and abroad through literature review, and defines contents and research methods. Information corruption is involved in lots of disciplines, such as information science, economics, sociology, politics, law and so on. It discusses the related theories, illustrates the relationship between them, including information resource allocation, hypothesis of economic man, theory of rent-seeking, which provides the theoretical basis for the construction of the generation model of information corruption.
(2) Generation model of information corruption
Firstly, it details information transmission model, and introduces the theory of Hypothesis of Economic Man, then analyzes elements of information corruption which are based on the methods of constructing model. Secondly, it establishes generation model of information corruption which combines information transmission model with corruption. Then it explains the model from different perspectives which include motivation of generation, process of development and characteristics of information corruption. Thirdly, making use of two cases, this dissertation tries to verify whether above model includes necessary elements, and interaction between the elements is reasonable. From the cases, it proves that the model reveals process of generation of information corruption well.
(3) Suggestions about prevention of information corruption
First of all, this dissertation analyzes the dangers of information corruption, such as transfer of property rights of public information resources, reduction of the government authority, increase of the information differentiation, and inhibition of social informationization. Besides, according to above disadvantages, this dissertation proposes the cost curve of occurrence and control of information corruption, and illustrates that goal of prevention of information corruption is to decrease opportunity of its occurrence, but it is difficult to elimination information corruption. Finally, this dissertation constructs a framework of the prevention and control of information corruption. It puts forward prevention and control suggestions from the behavior motives and happens opportunities (information corruption means and methods) based on the theory of Hypothesis of Economic Man, which will facilitate to improve public information literacy, strengthen legal system and perfect the supervision system.
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