黑龙江省高松山金矿床原生晕地球化学特征及深部成矿预测
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摘要
高松山金矿床是我国东北地区新发现的一个大型浅成低温热液矿床。原生晕地球化学研究表明，在32号和23号勘探线上，Au、As、Mo、Hg元素具有明显的三级分带，Sb、Ag、Cu、Pb元素发育中、外带异常，Sn、Zn、Se、Tl元素只有外带异常。在纵向上，不论是矿体中段、东段，还是西段，均具有成矿元素、前缘晕元素、近矿晕元素和尾晕元素的共存，显示出多阶段成矿叠加的特点。其中，成矿元素Au与前缘晕元素As、Sb、Hg，近矿晕元素Ag、Pb，以及尾晕元素Mo、Sn异常叠合较好，为致矿异常。该矿床Ⅰ-1号矿体32线和23线的原生晕异常分布显示矿体向南倾伏的特征，在纵向上的分布特征说明该矿体西段剥蚀强度最大，其次是中段，东段剥蚀最小，抑或矿体在纵向上向东倾伏。
对32号和23号勘探线进行元素分带指数和重心法计算，获得轴向分带序列分别为（Cu–Zn–Ag–Au）–（Sb–Sn–As–Pb）–（Hg–Tl或Tl–Hg）–（Mo–Se）和Zn–Cu–Ag–Au–Sn–Pb–Hg–Tl–Sb–Se–As–Mo、（Cu–Pb–Sn）–（Hg–Mo–Sb–Ag–As–Au–Tl）–（Se–Zn）和Pb–Cu–Hg–Mo–Sb–Au–Ag–Sn–As–Se–Zn–Tl，这两种方法计算得出的分带序列总体分布趋势一致，总体显示正向分带的特点，但又有个别元素的分布顺序差异较大。
相关性分析结果显示， Au与Ag相关性极大，Ag是金成矿的良好指示元素。通过聚类分析可将元素划分为As–Sb、Au–Ag、Pb–Sn–Mo、Hg、Se–Tl–Zn、Cu六组。因子分析结果得出4个元素组合，即，As-Sb-Pb，Sn-Se-Tl，Au-Ag-Se-Tl，As-Sb-Cu，其中，Sn-Se-Tl元素组合显示出该矿床具有多期、多阶段成矿的特征，Au-Ag-Se-Tl元素组合反映了金矿化与多金属硫化物的同期、同源特征，As、Sb、Se、Tl同时分布在两个因子中，表明它们是多期次成矿作用叠加的结果。
综合分析上述研究成果，对高松山金矿床Ⅰ-1号矿体原生晕特征进行评价，并推测该矿体的深部成矿前景和剥蚀程度。结果发现，32号和23号勘探线前缘晕元素和尾晕元素在矿体尾部共存，其地球化学参数也都出现了多次振荡的分布现象，显示这两条勘探线所控制的矿体深部具有良好的找矿前景，但是32线深部成矿潜力明显好于23线。
The Gaosongshan gold deposit, discovered in Northeast China recently, is a largeepithermal deposit. Geochemical studies of primary halos indicate that, the primarygeochemical anomalies of Au, As, Mo and Hg are obvious three-grade zoning inexploration line No.32and No.23, the ones of Sb, Ag, Cu and Pb occur middle andouter zones, while the ones of Sn, Zn, Se and Tl only have outer zone. In thelongitudinal direction, whether at eastern part of theⅠ-1ore-body, or at its middlepart, or at its western part, all occur the coexistence phenomenon of ore-formingelement, front halo elements, near-ore hole elements and tail halo elements, showingthe superposition characteristics of multi-stage mineralization. In which, theanomalies of ore-forming element (Au), front halo elements (As, Sb, Hg), near-orehole elements (Ag, Pb) and tail halo elements (Mo, Sn) overlapped well, belonging toore-forming anomalies. The primary halo abnormal distributions of exploration lineNo.32and No.23in theⅠ-1ore-body show that this ore-body inclined towards south,and their distributions in the longitudinal direction suggest that the western part of thisore-body has undergone relatively strong erosion, followed by its middle part, and itseastern part has evidenced minor denudation, or that this ore-body inclined to east inthe longitudinal direction.
The axial zoning sequences of exploration line No.32and No.23have beenobtained through using zoning index and center of gravity method, they are(Cu-Zn-Ag-Au)-(Sb-Sn-As-Pb)-(Hg-Tl or Tl-Hg)-(Mo-Se) and Zn-Cu-Ag-Au-Sn-Pb-Hg-Tl-Sb-Se-As-Mo,(Cu-Pb-Sn)-(Hg-Mo-Sb-Ag-As-Au-Tl-Se-Zn) and Pb-Cu-Hg-Mo-Zn-Sb-Au-Ag-Sn-As-Se-Tl, respectively. These zoning sequences have similaroverall distribution trends, and they are basically normal zoning, but the distributionsequence of some elements occur large differences.
The results of correlation analysis show that Au is related with Ag well, and thatAg is a good indicator element for gold mineralization. By using cluster analysis, theore-forming elements and its associated elements of theⅠ-1ore-body can be dividedinto six groups, such as, As-Sb, Au-Ag, Pb-Sn-Mo, Hg, Se-Tl-Zn and Cu. Fourelement combinations can be obtained by factor analysis, that is, As-Sb-Pb, Sn-Se-Tl,Au-Ag-Se-Tl and As-Sb-Cu. In which, the element combination of Sn-Se-Tl showthat this mineral deposit had the characteristic of the multi-stage mineralization, the element combination of Au-Ag-Se-Tl reflects that the gold mineralization hadcontemporaneous and homologous characteristics with polymetallic sulphides. As, Sb,Se and Tl are occurred in both two factors, indicating they are the results ofsuperposition of multi-stage mineralization.
According to comprehensively analyzing the study results mentioned above, thecharacteristics of primary halos of theⅠ-1ore-body in the Gaosongshan gold deposithave been evaluated, and the prospecting of deep mineralization of this ore-body andits denudation degree have been speculated. The results show that, the front haloelements are coexistent with the tail halo elements in the deep section of explorationline No.32and No.23in theⅠ-1ore-body, and their geochemical parameters havestrong fluctuations, indicting the good mineralization perspective exist in the deepsection of these two exploration lines, but the mineralization prospecting ofexploration line No.32is better than the ones of exploration line No.23.
对32号和23号勘探线进行元素分带指数和重心法计算，获得轴向分带序列分别为（Cu–Zn–Ag–Au）–（Sb–Sn–As–Pb）–（Hg–Tl或Tl–Hg）–（Mo–Se）和Zn–Cu–Ag–Au–Sn–Pb–Hg–Tl–Sb–Se–As–Mo、（Cu–Pb–Sn）–（Hg–Mo–Sb–Ag–As–Au–Tl）–（Se–Zn）和Pb–Cu–Hg–Mo–Sb–Au–Ag–Sn–As–Se–Zn–Tl，这两种方法计算得出的分带序列总体分布趋势一致，总体显示正向分带的特点，但又有个别元素的分布顺序差异较大。
相关性分析结果显示， Au与Ag相关性极大，Ag是金成矿的良好指示元素。通过聚类分析可将元素划分为As–Sb、Au–Ag、Pb–Sn–Mo、Hg、Se–Tl–Zn、Cu六组。因子分析结果得出4个元素组合，即，As-Sb-Pb，Sn-Se-Tl，Au-Ag-Se-Tl，As-Sb-Cu，其中，Sn-Se-Tl元素组合显示出该矿床具有多期、多阶段成矿的特征，Au-Ag-Se-Tl元素组合反映了金矿化与多金属硫化物的同期、同源特征，As、Sb、Se、Tl同时分布在两个因子中，表明它们是多期次成矿作用叠加的结果。
综合分析上述研究成果，对高松山金矿床Ⅰ-1号矿体原生晕特征进行评价，并推测该矿体的深部成矿前景和剥蚀程度。结果发现，32号和23号勘探线前缘晕元素和尾晕元素在矿体尾部共存，其地球化学参数也都出现了多次振荡的分布现象，显示这两条勘探线所控制的矿体深部具有良好的找矿前景，但是32线深部成矿潜力明显好于23线。
The Gaosongshan gold deposit, discovered in Northeast China recently, is a largeepithermal deposit. Geochemical studies of primary halos indicate that, the primarygeochemical anomalies of Au, As, Mo and Hg are obvious three-grade zoning inexploration line No.32and No.23, the ones of Sb, Ag, Cu and Pb occur middle andouter zones, while the ones of Sn, Zn, Se and Tl only have outer zone. In thelongitudinal direction, whether at eastern part of theⅠ-1ore-body, or at its middlepart, or at its western part, all occur the coexistence phenomenon of ore-formingelement, front halo elements, near-ore hole elements and tail halo elements, showingthe superposition characteristics of multi-stage mineralization. In which, theanomalies of ore-forming element (Au), front halo elements (As, Sb, Hg), near-orehole elements (Ag, Pb) and tail halo elements (Mo, Sn) overlapped well, belonging toore-forming anomalies. The primary halo abnormal distributions of exploration lineNo.32and No.23in theⅠ-1ore-body show that this ore-body inclined towards south,and their distributions in the longitudinal direction suggest that the western part of thisore-body has undergone relatively strong erosion, followed by its middle part, and itseastern part has evidenced minor denudation, or that this ore-body inclined to east inthe longitudinal direction.
The axial zoning sequences of exploration line No.32and No.23have beenobtained through using zoning index and center of gravity method, they are(Cu-Zn-Ag-Au)-(Sb-Sn-As-Pb)-(Hg-Tl or Tl-Hg)-(Mo-Se) and Zn-Cu-Ag-Au-Sn-Pb-Hg-Tl-Sb-Se-As-Mo,(Cu-Pb-Sn)-(Hg-Mo-Sb-Ag-As-Au-Tl-Se-Zn) and Pb-Cu-Hg-Mo-Zn-Sb-Au-Ag-Sn-As-Se-Tl, respectively. These zoning sequences have similaroverall distribution trends, and they are basically normal zoning, but the distributionsequence of some elements occur large differences.
The results of correlation analysis show that Au is related with Ag well, and thatAg is a good indicator element for gold mineralization. By using cluster analysis, theore-forming elements and its associated elements of theⅠ-1ore-body can be dividedinto six groups, such as, As-Sb, Au-Ag, Pb-Sn-Mo, Hg, Se-Tl-Zn and Cu. Fourelement combinations can be obtained by factor analysis, that is, As-Sb-Pb, Sn-Se-Tl,Au-Ag-Se-Tl and As-Sb-Cu. In which, the element combination of Sn-Se-Tl showthat this mineral deposit had the characteristic of the multi-stage mineralization, the element combination of Au-Ag-Se-Tl reflects that the gold mineralization hadcontemporaneous and homologous characteristics with polymetallic sulphides. As, Sb,Se and Tl are occurred in both two factors, indicating they are the results ofsuperposition of multi-stage mineralization.
According to comprehensively analyzing the study results mentioned above, thecharacteristics of primary halos of theⅠ-1ore-body in the Gaosongshan gold deposithave been evaluated, and the prospecting of deep mineralization of this ore-body andits denudation degree have been speculated. The results show that, the front haloelements are coexistent with the tail halo elements in the deep section of explorationline No.32and No.23in theⅠ-1ore-body, and their geochemical parameters havestrong fluctuations, indicting the good mineralization perspective exist in the deepsection of these two exploration lines, but the mineralization prospecting ofexploration line No.32is better than the ones of exploration line No.23.
引文
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