涩宁兰输气管道黄土地区地质灾害防治措施研究
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摘要
我国经济的持续、快速增长拉动了对石油、天然气需求量的迅猛增加,我国已成为仅次于美国的世界第二大石油消费国,同时也促进了我国石油、天然气管道的建设与发展。采用管道输送油气安全平稳、经济合理,同时又有利于减轻铁路和公路的运输压力。长输管道是国民经济的生命线工程之一,地质灾害对油气管道安全的影响是多方面的、综合性的。一旦管道事故发生,轻则会带来天然气大量泄漏的经济损失,重则造成人员伤亡和环境污染的重大后果,甚至还可能导致国民经济的发展受到影响。
本文通过对涩北-西宁-兰州输气管道穿越黄土地区的地质灾害进行系统的调查和研究,阐明了地质灾害形成的地质环境条件,查清地质灾害的类型、分布、规模、形成机制和变形活动特征,分析各类地质灾害对管道的危害性和危害方式。通过描述涩北-西宁-兰州输气管道黄土地区段地质灾害的类型、分布范围和规模,分析形成原因、变形机制,对滑坡、崩塌、黄土湿陷、黄土冲沟等典型地质灾害点进行详述,说明灾害对管道的危害和破坏形式,提出可行有效的工程保护措施建议,对黄土地区的地质灾害治理做出一点借鉴和参考。
China's sustained and rapid economic growth brings the fast increase of the demand for oil and natural gas, China has become the second largest oil consumption country in the world, after the United States, also promoting the construction and development of China's oil and natural gas pipeline. The oil and gas pipeline is safe, stable and economic, also beneficial to reducing the transportation pressure on rail and road. The long-distance pipeline is a part of the Life Line in national economy. The impact of geological hazards for the oil and gas pipelines are multiple and comprehensive. Once the pipeline accident is occurred, it not only brings the economic loss of gas leakage, but also causes significant consequences of heavy casualties and environmental pollution, even more affect the economic development of our country.
This paper elucidated the environmental conditions of geological hazard, identified the type, distribution, size and formation mechanism of the geological hazard, analyzed the perniciousness and mode of the geological hazard to the pipelines, by systematical investigation and research on the geological hazard of Sebei-Xining-Lanzhou gas pipeline project in loess area. The article described in detail the typical geological hazard of landslide, collapse, collapsibility of loess, loess gully and river erosion, by describing the type, distribution of the scope and scale of geological hazard of Sebei-Xining-Lanzhou gas pipeline project in loess area, explained the perniciousness and manner of the geological hazard to the pipelines, proposes a feasible and effective engineering protective measures, and as some references for geological hazards control in loess area.
本文通过对涩北-西宁-兰州输气管道穿越黄土地区的地质灾害进行系统的调查和研究,阐明了地质灾害形成的地质环境条件,查清地质灾害的类型、分布、规模、形成机制和变形活动特征,分析各类地质灾害对管道的危害性和危害方式。通过描述涩北-西宁-兰州输气管道黄土地区段地质灾害的类型、分布范围和规模,分析形成原因、变形机制,对滑坡、崩塌、黄土湿陷、黄土冲沟等典型地质灾害点进行详述,说明灾害对管道的危害和破坏形式,提出可行有效的工程保护措施建议,对黄土地区的地质灾害治理做出一点借鉴和参考。
China's sustained and rapid economic growth brings the fast increase of the demand for oil and natural gas, China has become the second largest oil consumption country in the world, after the United States, also promoting the construction and development of China's oil and natural gas pipeline. The oil and gas pipeline is safe, stable and economic, also beneficial to reducing the transportation pressure on rail and road. The long-distance pipeline is a part of the Life Line in national economy. The impact of geological hazards for the oil and gas pipelines are multiple and comprehensive. Once the pipeline accident is occurred, it not only brings the economic loss of gas leakage, but also causes significant consequences of heavy casualties and environmental pollution, even more affect the economic development of our country.
This paper elucidated the environmental conditions of geological hazard, identified the type, distribution, size and formation mechanism of the geological hazard, analyzed the perniciousness and mode of the geological hazard to the pipelines, by systematical investigation and research on the geological hazard of Sebei-Xining-Lanzhou gas pipeline project in loess area. The article described in detail the typical geological hazard of landslide, collapse, collapsibility of loess, loess gully and river erosion, by describing the type, distribution of the scope and scale of geological hazard of Sebei-Xining-Lanzhou gas pipeline project in loess area, explained the perniciousness and manner of the geological hazard to the pipelines, proposes a feasible and effective engineering protective measures, and as some references for geological hazards control in loess area.
引文
[1]甘肃省科学院地质自然灾害防治研究所,涩宁兰输气管道一、二线地质灾害调查及整治规划报告[R],2011.
[2]焦贇,叶伟林.兰州地区黄土湿陷地质灾害危险性分析[J],甘肃科学学报,2007
[3]马克锋,孙新平.涩宁兰输气管线黄土高原段的水毁灾害与防治[J],甘肃科学学报,2005
[4]邵景林等.长输管道黄土地区环境工程地质问题及对策[J],油气运输,2006
[5]姜英硕等.湿陷性黄土地区输气管道的水工保护[J],煤气与热力,2006
[6]田克迎.涩北-西宁-兰州输气管道复线工程项目风险管理研究[D],兰州大学,2011
[7]李莉.油气管道水工保护工程效能评价研究[D],天津大学,2010
[8]刘东升.黄土与环境[M],北京,科学出版社,1985
[9]滕志宏.黄土高原黄土底层分区及其底层构造[J],西北大学学报,1990
[10]王卫民等.黄土地区长输管道地质灾害分析及治理[J],油气运输,2001
[11]王东.黄土地区滑坡地质灾害监测预警系统研究[D],北京交通大学,2009
[12]中国石油油气管道地质灾害防治规划.2008
[13]王鸿捷.涩宁兰输气管道线路工程水工保护[J],天然气与石油,2003
[14]陈情来.西气东输管道工程沿线黄土滑塌对策[J],石油规划设计,2001
[15]李智毅等.西气东输工程建设用地区的地质灾害[J],地质力学学报,2004
[16]谭超等.兰成渝长输管道秦巴山区地质灾害防治研究[J],山西建筑,2009
[17]鲜福等.西气东输管道地质灾害辨识[J],油气田地面工程,2010
[18杨增光.黄土的湿陷性及评价[J],山西建筑,2002
[19]王锴等.湿陷性黄土地区管道的水工保护[J],油气田地面工程,2008
[20]梅云新.马惠宁管道地质灾害类型及水工保护问题[J],油气运输,2003
[21]付攀升等.湿陷性黄土区某长输管道黄土陷穴灾害研究[J],西部探矿工程,2010
[22]胡涛等.西气东输二线甘肃段地质灾害及防护措施[J],石油工程建设,2010
[23]宋德琦等.天然气输送和储存工程[M],北京,石油工业出版社,2004
[24]李朝等.山区地段长输管道线路设计要点[J],油气储运,2002
[25]胡道华.陕京输气管道建设中水工保护的研究与实践[J],石油储运,1998
[26]王慧智等.黄土高原油气管道的水工保护[J],石油工程建设,1996
[27]陈勤功等.黄土塬冲沟地段长输管道的水工保护方法[J],石油工程建设,2008
[28]许庭义.陕南山区公路水毁灾害调查分析与防治对策研究[D],大连理工大学,2006
[29]Michael Porter, Fiona Esford,Wayne Savigny,Andean pipelines-a challenge for natural hazard and risk managers,terrain and geohazard challenges facing onshore oil and gas pipelines.Thomas Telford,London,2004
[30]Paik,Jeom Kee,Some recent advances in the concepts of plate-effectiveness evaluation, Thin-Walled Structures,v46,n7-9,p1035-1046,July 2008/September 2008
[31]Gerbacia,William E.;Al-Shammari,Hanaa,Multi-Criteria Decision Making in Strategic Reservoir Planning Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process,Proceedings of the Middle East Oil Show,v 13,p 1-12,2003
[32]Savigny,K.Wayne,Porter,Michael;Chen,Joyce;Yaremko,Eugene;Reed,Michael;Urquhart, Glenn,Natural hazard and risk management for pipelines,Proceedings of the Intematio nal Pipeline Conference,IPC,v B,p1371-1386,2002
[2]焦贇,叶伟林.兰州地区黄土湿陷地质灾害危险性分析[J],甘肃科学学报,2007
[3]马克锋,孙新平.涩宁兰输气管线黄土高原段的水毁灾害与防治[J],甘肃科学学报,2005
[4]邵景林等.长输管道黄土地区环境工程地质问题及对策[J],油气运输,2006
[5]姜英硕等.湿陷性黄土地区输气管道的水工保护[J],煤气与热力,2006
[6]田克迎.涩北-西宁-兰州输气管道复线工程项目风险管理研究[D],兰州大学,2011
[7]李莉.油气管道水工保护工程效能评价研究[D],天津大学,2010
[8]刘东升.黄土与环境[M],北京,科学出版社,1985
[9]滕志宏.黄土高原黄土底层分区及其底层构造[J],西北大学学报,1990
[10]王卫民等.黄土地区长输管道地质灾害分析及治理[J],油气运输,2001
[11]王东.黄土地区滑坡地质灾害监测预警系统研究[D],北京交通大学,2009
[12]中国石油油气管道地质灾害防治规划.2008
[13]王鸿捷.涩宁兰输气管道线路工程水工保护[J],天然气与石油,2003
[14]陈情来.西气东输管道工程沿线黄土滑塌对策[J],石油规划设计,2001
[15]李智毅等.西气东输工程建设用地区的地质灾害[J],地质力学学报,2004
[16]谭超等.兰成渝长输管道秦巴山区地质灾害防治研究[J],山西建筑,2009
[17]鲜福等.西气东输管道地质灾害辨识[J],油气田地面工程,2010
[18杨增光.黄土的湿陷性及评价[J],山西建筑,2002
[19]王锴等.湿陷性黄土地区管道的水工保护[J],油气田地面工程,2008
[20]梅云新.马惠宁管道地质灾害类型及水工保护问题[J],油气运输,2003
[21]付攀升等.湿陷性黄土区某长输管道黄土陷穴灾害研究[J],西部探矿工程,2010
[22]胡涛等.西气东输二线甘肃段地质灾害及防护措施[J],石油工程建设,2010
[23]宋德琦等.天然气输送和储存工程[M],北京,石油工业出版社,2004
[24]李朝等.山区地段长输管道线路设计要点[J],油气储运,2002
[25]胡道华.陕京输气管道建设中水工保护的研究与实践[J],石油储运,1998
[26]王慧智等.黄土高原油气管道的水工保护[J],石油工程建设,1996
[27]陈勤功等.黄土塬冲沟地段长输管道的水工保护方法[J],石油工程建设,2008
[28]许庭义.陕南山区公路水毁灾害调查分析与防治对策研究[D],大连理工大学,2006
[29]Michael Porter, Fiona Esford,Wayne Savigny,Andean pipelines-a challenge for natural hazard and risk managers,terrain and geohazard challenges facing onshore oil and gas pipelines.Thomas Telford,London,2004
[30]Paik,Jeom Kee,Some recent advances in the concepts of plate-effectiveness evaluation, Thin-Walled Structures,v46,n7-9,p1035-1046,July 2008/September 2008
[31]Gerbacia,William E.;Al-Shammari,Hanaa,Multi-Criteria Decision Making in Strategic Reservoir Planning Using the Analytic Hierarchy Process,Proceedings of the Middle East Oil Show,v 13,p 1-12,2003
[32]Savigny,K.Wayne,Porter,Michael;Chen,Joyce;Yaremko,Eugene;Reed,Michael;Urquhart, Glenn,Natural hazard and risk management for pipelines,Proceedings of the Intematio nal Pipeline Conference,IPC,v B,p1371-1386,2002