数字化技术在长株潭绿心生态规划中的应用研究
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摘要
长株潭城市群是全国两型社会城市群建设的先行者,其生态绿心地区由于重要的生态功能和战略意义,被誉为长株潭城市群的“绿肺”,它是长沙、株洲、湘潭三市重要的开放空间和生态隔离带。随着我省经济友好型、资源节约型(“两型”)社会建设的推进,生态绿心迎来了前所未有的机遇和挑战,因此,保护好生态绿心是长株潭城市群“两型”社会建设的重要标志。
本研究从生态规划、3S技术和数字规划相关概念和发展背景入手,详细介绍了生态规划工作中的数字化支撑技术、生态规划支持系统构建、生态环境综合评价方法以及规划建设管理信息系统构建。同时,结合长株潭城市群生态绿心地区总体规划案例对数字化技术如何运用到具体的规划实践中进行了较为翔实的系统研究,并获得了以下研究成果。
1收集了生态绿心的自然、社会、经济等方面现状数据,在大型关系型数据库SQLServer2005上建立了生态绿心地区复合生态系统空间数据库。通过对现状数据进行分析,揭示了生态绿心在长株潭三市所处生态地位及重要性,并提出了生态绿心发展战略的问题。
2研究了生态规划支持系统。以国内先进的地理信息系统SuperMap GIS为平台,集成GPS、RS等技术开发生态规划支持系统。同时,遵循数字规划主线,提出了将生态规划支持系统应用于规划调研、数据集成与处理、数据分析、辅助方案设计和规划成果编制全过程。
3为整体提升生态绿心的生态服务功能,进行了生态绿心地区的生态建设规划和环境保护规划研究。以复合生态系统理论为指导,以“生态优先”为发展战略,通过运用“反规划”途径进行了生态敏感性分析、生态服务功能重要性评价、土地利用适宜性评价等生态分析,最终科学构建了生态绿心地区复合生态系统空间总体布局和环境功能分区,规划了生态修复与建设工程,合理划分生态空间管制并制定了各区发展措施。
4为强化对生态绿心地区规划控制与生态建设实时管理,构建了长株潭城市群生态绿心地区规划管理信息系统。
The Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban clusters is the pioneer in China, the ecological green heart region has been named the "green lung" because of its important eco-function and Strategic significance,its open space and important ecological isolation zone of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban clusters. With the construction of economy-friendly, resource-saving society in Hunan province. The green heart's development has confronted with hitherto unknown challenge and opportunity. Therefore,good protection of ecological green heart region is the important symbol of" two types of social construction in Changzhutan urban cluster.
This research started with the notional and developmental background of ecological planning,3S technology and digital urban planning, introduced correlative digital supporting technology, forming of planning supporting systems, Analyzing method in planning and designing,and forming of managing information system in planning and constructing of Eco-environmental planning in detail. At the same time, combining with the case of the process in the Total Planning of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban cluster ecological green heart region, in order to study how to valid the digital planning technology on practical planning,this research progressed full and accurate investigating systemic, and obtained the following results.
(1) Collected some current data regard to nature-society-economy of the ecological green heart region, funded an compound eco-system spatial database of ecological green heart region based on the large-scale relationship database named SQLServer2005. Though the analysis of the current data, revealed the eco-state and importance of the ecological green heart region to Chang-zhu-tan urban cluster, and putted forward the developing strategy issue of ecological green heart region.
(2) Studied the ecological planning support system of green heart area. Based on the SuperMap GIS platform, integrated GPS, RS and other technical to develope ecological planning support system. At the same time, according to the main line of digital planning, put forward the full process digital technology support in surveying, data integrating and processing, data analyzing, assist precept design and the product authorizing to apply the support system of Eco-environmental planning.
(3) In order to improve the overall eco-serving function,this research studied ecological construction planning and environmental protecting planning of the ecological green heart region. With the theories of complex ecosystem, took the " ecology priority " concept as the developing strategy, and through the guidance of Reverse planning", carried out analysis of the eco-sensitivity, importance of eco-service, property of land use, finally built the compound ecosystem spatial plan of ecological green heart region, planned the eco-restoration and eco-construction, plotted out the eco-spatial controlling reasonably and established the developing strategies of all the separate zones.
(4) In order to strengthen the planning controll and Eco-environmental constructing management in real-time, we have built the Planning Management Information System.
本研究从生态规划、3S技术和数字规划相关概念和发展背景入手,详细介绍了生态规划工作中的数字化支撑技术、生态规划支持系统构建、生态环境综合评价方法以及规划建设管理信息系统构建。同时,结合长株潭城市群生态绿心地区总体规划案例对数字化技术如何运用到具体的规划实践中进行了较为翔实的系统研究,并获得了以下研究成果。
1收集了生态绿心的自然、社会、经济等方面现状数据,在大型关系型数据库SQLServer2005上建立了生态绿心地区复合生态系统空间数据库。通过对现状数据进行分析,揭示了生态绿心在长株潭三市所处生态地位及重要性,并提出了生态绿心发展战略的问题。
2研究了生态规划支持系统。以国内先进的地理信息系统SuperMap GIS为平台,集成GPS、RS等技术开发生态规划支持系统。同时,遵循数字规划主线,提出了将生态规划支持系统应用于规划调研、数据集成与处理、数据分析、辅助方案设计和规划成果编制全过程。
3为整体提升生态绿心的生态服务功能,进行了生态绿心地区的生态建设规划和环境保护规划研究。以复合生态系统理论为指导,以“生态优先”为发展战略,通过运用“反规划”途径进行了生态敏感性分析、生态服务功能重要性评价、土地利用适宜性评价等生态分析,最终科学构建了生态绿心地区复合生态系统空间总体布局和环境功能分区,规划了生态修复与建设工程,合理划分生态空间管制并制定了各区发展措施。
4为强化对生态绿心地区规划控制与生态建设实时管理,构建了长株潭城市群生态绿心地区规划管理信息系统。
The Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban clusters is the pioneer in China, the ecological green heart region has been named the "green lung" because of its important eco-function and Strategic significance,its open space and important ecological isolation zone of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban clusters. With the construction of economy-friendly, resource-saving society in Hunan province. The green heart's development has confronted with hitherto unknown challenge and opportunity. Therefore,good protection of ecological green heart region is the important symbol of" two types of social construction in Changzhutan urban cluster.
This research started with the notional and developmental background of ecological planning,3S technology and digital urban planning, introduced correlative digital supporting technology, forming of planning supporting systems, Analyzing method in planning and designing,and forming of managing information system in planning and constructing of Eco-environmental planning in detail. At the same time, combining with the case of the process in the Total Planning of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan urban cluster ecological green heart region, in order to study how to valid the digital planning technology on practical planning,this research progressed full and accurate investigating systemic, and obtained the following results.
(1) Collected some current data regard to nature-society-economy of the ecological green heart region, funded an compound eco-system spatial database of ecological green heart region based on the large-scale relationship database named SQLServer2005. Though the analysis of the current data, revealed the eco-state and importance of the ecological green heart region to Chang-zhu-tan urban cluster, and putted forward the developing strategy issue of ecological green heart region.
(2) Studied the ecological planning support system of green heart area. Based on the SuperMap GIS platform, integrated GPS, RS and other technical to develope ecological planning support system. At the same time, according to the main line of digital planning, put forward the full process digital technology support in surveying, data integrating and processing, data analyzing, assist precept design and the product authorizing to apply the support system of Eco-environmental planning.
(3) In order to improve the overall eco-serving function,this research studied ecological construction planning and environmental protecting planning of the ecological green heart region. With the theories of complex ecosystem, took the " ecology priority " concept as the developing strategy, and through the guidance of Reverse planning", carried out analysis of the eco-sensitivity, importance of eco-service, property of land use, finally built the compound ecosystem spatial plan of ecological green heart region, planned the eco-restoration and eco-construction, plotted out the eco-spatial controlling reasonably and established the developing strategies of all the separate zones.
(4) In order to strengthen the planning controll and Eco-environmental constructing management in real-time, we have built the Planning Management Information System.
引文
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[2]Steiner, F. G. Young, E. H. Zube. Ecological planning:retrospect and prospect [J]. Landscape Journal,1987 6(2):31-39.
[3]卞有生.建设生态县、促进我国城乡生态环境建设和社会经济持续发展[J].环境保护,1994,11：27-31.
[4]Lewis, PHF. Tomorrow by design:A regional design Process for sustainability [M]. New York:Join Wiley & Sons,1996:158-164.
[5]Tug well. the Living Landscape:An Ecological Approach to Landscape Planning [M]. Columbus OH:McGraw-Hill companies,2004:9-11.
[6]VESTER F, VONHESLERA. Ecology and Planning in metro Politian areas sensitivity Model [M].Berlin:Federal Environmental Ageney,1980:234-237.
[7]Haber. Descriptions of the Eco regions of the United States. Washington DC:U.S. Department of Agriculture Forest Service.1995:3-4.
[8]王如松.论复合生态系统与生态示范区[J].科技导报,2000：6-9.
[9]聂康才,周学红.基于GIS的可操作的城市生态规划方法探索[J].昆明冶金高等专科学校校报.2006,3：25-27.
[10]方修琦,牟神州.中国古代人与自然环境关系思想透视[J].人文地理,2005,(04)：25-26.
[11]石永林.基于可持续发展的生态城市建设研究[D].哈尔滨工业大学,2006：41.43
[12]刘洁,吴仁海.城市生态规划的回顾与展望[J]生态学杂志,2003,(05)：22-25.
[13]徐曦,王小明,王天厚等.“千层饼”模式在上海世界博览会区域生态规划前期中的应用[J].应用生态学报,2009,20(5)：1132-1139.
[14]毕军平.风景名胜地生态示范区建设规划研究[D].长沙：湖南农业大学,2004：33.36.
[15]高军,刘文新,吴冬梅.数字城市规划体系理论与实践[J].规划师论坛,2006：5-8.
[16]陈述彭,鲁学军,周成虎.地理信息系统导论[M].北京：科学出版社,1999：75-78.
[17]张芳璎.GPS技术在陆地运输系统中的应用[J].测绘科技情报,2004,(3)：20-27.
[18]高平.GPS在水利工程中的应用[J].水利水电,2005,(2)：50-54.
[19]巴哈斯.GPS技术在矿山测量中的应用[J].新疆有色金属,201l,(4)：6-7.
[20]江海.GPS技术在城市灾害应急救援中的应用初探[J].福建电脑,2010,(1)：26-34.
[21]余义美.GPS技术在上海市规划建设中的应用和展望[J].城市勘测,2005,(1)：10.14.
[22]唐文周.我国遥感地质工作的现状和近期展望[J].国土资源遥感,1998,2：26-29.
[23]罗海钦.虚拟现实系统在柳州市城市规划管理中的应用[J].测绘与空间地理信,2010,33(1)：127-130.
[24]朱华,曾光明.3S及VR技术在环境规划中的应用[J].湖南大学学报(自然科学版),2004,(4)：81-84.
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