旅游管理专业本科生就业影响因素研究
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摘要
旅游专业人才的需求是伴随着我国旅游业的迅速发展和旅游市场的繁荣而逐步增加的,而我国旅游管理专业本科生逐年增多的供给并不能满足旅游就业岗位的需求；相关文献研究表明,旅游管理专业本科生在旅游行业就业的比例越来越低。随着高等院校旅游教育的教学改革和旅游行业的实践技能性特定要求,旅游专业操作技能、旅游相关工作经历和对旅游行业发展前景的认知等因素对旅游管理专业本科生进入旅游行业就业的行为影响越来越显著。
本文从实证角度出发,对四川省内五所高校的旅游管理专业本科生进行问卷调查,通过分析,研究学生个体层面相关因素与旅游管理专业本科生在旅游行业就业的关系。分别分析了旅游相关工作经历、旅游专业操作技能、对旅游行业发展前景的认知等因素对旅游管理专业本科生进入旅游行业就业的影响,探讨旅游管理专业本科生进入旅游行业就业的影响因素问题。
通过研究发现,旅游相关工作经历、旅游专业操作技能、对旅游行业发展前景的认知等因素对旅游管理专业本科生进入旅游行业就业具有显著影响。旅游相关工作经历越丰富、旅游专业操作技能越强、认为旅游行业发展前景越好的旅游管理专业本科生越倾向于进入旅游行业就业。在其他影响因素固定的情况下,旅游相关工作经历因素每提高一个单位,旅游管理专业本科生进入旅游行业就业的发生比会扩大2.074倍；旅游专业操作技能因素每提高一个单位,旅游管理本科生进入旅游行业就业的发生比会扩大1.875倍；对旅游行业发展前景的认知因素每提高一个单位,旅游管理本科生进入旅游行业就业的发生比会扩大1.141倍。同时本文依据旅游管理专业本科生行业就业影响因素研究得出的结论,提出了有针对性的政策建议,以期为促使旅游管理专业本科生进入旅游行业就业提供参考。
Demand for professionals in tourism is accompanied by the rapid development of China's tourism industry and the prosperity of the tourism market gradually increase.In China, the undergraduate tourism management is increasing year by year, and its supply can not meet the needs of tourism jobs; Literature study shows that the tourism management undergraduates employment in the tourism industry has an increasing proportion of low employment rate.With the reform of tourism education of higher education and teaching practical skills of tourism industry-specific requirements,tourism professional skills, tourism-related work experience and the development prospects of the tourism industry and other factors on the cognitive tourism management majors to enter the tourism industry in the behavior of the employment impact of more and more significant.
From this perspective with empirical research, through investigating a questionnaire survey with tourism management of five universities in sichuan province, through analysis, research on the individual level factors of students relation with tourism management undergraduates employment in the tourism industry.This paper respectively analyzes tourism professional skills, tourism-related work experience and the development prospects of the tourism industry which influence he tourism management undergraduates employment in the tourism industry; The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence factors of employment in the tourism industry with tourism management undergraduates.
Through the research found that tourism professional skills, tourism-related work experience and the development prospects of the tourism industry have significant influence on employment in the tourism industry with tourism management undergraduates. The tourism management undergraduate who have more abundant tourism-related work experience, the stronger tourism professional skills, the better the prospects for the development of tourism industry, are more likely to employment in the tourism industry. In the case of other factors constant, the tourism-related work experience factors increase one unit, tourism management undergraduate have the chance to eemployment in the tourism industry will increase 2.074 times; the tourism professional skills factors increase one unit, tourism management undergraduate have the chance to eemployment in the tourism industry will increase 1.875 times; the prospects for the development of tourism industry factors increase one unit, tourism management undergraduate have the chance to eemployment in the tourism industry will increase 1.141 times. Finally based on the results with the study on the Employment factors with tourism management undergraduates; the paper makes policy recommendations in order to promote the tourism management undergraduates employment in the tourism industry.
本文从实证角度出发,对四川省内五所高校的旅游管理专业本科生进行问卷调查,通过分析,研究学生个体层面相关因素与旅游管理专业本科生在旅游行业就业的关系。分别分析了旅游相关工作经历、旅游专业操作技能、对旅游行业发展前景的认知等因素对旅游管理专业本科生进入旅游行业就业的影响,探讨旅游管理专业本科生进入旅游行业就业的影响因素问题。
通过研究发现,旅游相关工作经历、旅游专业操作技能、对旅游行业发展前景的认知等因素对旅游管理专业本科生进入旅游行业就业具有显著影响。旅游相关工作经历越丰富、旅游专业操作技能越强、认为旅游行业发展前景越好的旅游管理专业本科生越倾向于进入旅游行业就业。在其他影响因素固定的情况下,旅游相关工作经历因素每提高一个单位,旅游管理专业本科生进入旅游行业就业的发生比会扩大2.074倍；旅游专业操作技能因素每提高一个单位,旅游管理本科生进入旅游行业就业的发生比会扩大1.875倍；对旅游行业发展前景的认知因素每提高一个单位,旅游管理本科生进入旅游行业就业的发生比会扩大1.141倍。同时本文依据旅游管理专业本科生行业就业影响因素研究得出的结论,提出了有针对性的政策建议,以期为促使旅游管理专业本科生进入旅游行业就业提供参考。
Demand for professionals in tourism is accompanied by the rapid development of China's tourism industry and the prosperity of the tourism market gradually increase.In China, the undergraduate tourism management is increasing year by year, and its supply can not meet the needs of tourism jobs; Literature study shows that the tourism management undergraduates employment in the tourism industry has an increasing proportion of low employment rate.With the reform of tourism education of higher education and teaching practical skills of tourism industry-specific requirements,tourism professional skills, tourism-related work experience and the development prospects of the tourism industry and other factors on the cognitive tourism management majors to enter the tourism industry in the behavior of the employment impact of more and more significant.
From this perspective with empirical research, through investigating a questionnaire survey with tourism management of five universities in sichuan province, through analysis, research on the individual level factors of students relation with tourism management undergraduates employment in the tourism industry.This paper respectively analyzes tourism professional skills, tourism-related work experience and the development prospects of the tourism industry which influence he tourism management undergraduates employment in the tourism industry; The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence factors of employment in the tourism industry with tourism management undergraduates.
Through the research found that tourism professional skills, tourism-related work experience and the development prospects of the tourism industry have significant influence on employment in the tourism industry with tourism management undergraduates. The tourism management undergraduate who have more abundant tourism-related work experience, the stronger tourism professional skills, the better the prospects for the development of tourism industry, are more likely to employment in the tourism industry. In the case of other factors constant, the tourism-related work experience factors increase one unit, tourism management undergraduate have the chance to eemployment in the tourism industry will increase 2.074 times; the tourism professional skills factors increase one unit, tourism management undergraduate have the chance to eemployment in the tourism industry will increase 1.875 times; the prospects for the development of tourism industry factors increase one unit, tourism management undergraduate have the chance to eemployment in the tourism industry will increase 1.141 times. Finally based on the results with the study on the Employment factors with tourism management undergraduates; the paper makes policy recommendations in order to promote the tourism management undergraduates employment in the tourism industry.
引文
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[3]汪剑明.面对旅游企业人才“饥渴”高等院校何去何从[N].中国旅游报,2004-05-21.
[4]Lennon,J.John.Industrial "Needs" And Education Provision:The Case Of Hotel And Catering Management[J].International Journal of Hospitality Management,1999,8(2):111.
[5]Betty Weiler and Mahendra Goyal.Exploring the Relationship between University Course Branding, Length of Study and Employlment Outcomes in Undergraduate Tourism Education[J].Tourism Recreation Research,2007,32(2):7-19.
[6]Goodenough, R.A.and Page, S.J.Planning for tourism education and training in the 1990s:Bridging the gap between industry[J] Journal of Geography in Higher Education, 1993,17(1).
[7]Raybould, Mike and Wilkins, Hugh. Over qualified and under experienced:Turning graduates into hospitality managers[J].International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,2005,17(3):203-216.
[8]Kelley-Patterson,D.and George,C.Securing graduate commitment:An exploration of the comparative expectations of placement students, recruits and human resource managers within the hospitality,leisure and tourism industries[J].International Journal of Hospitality Management,2001,2(4):311-323.
[9]PURCELL, K.and QUINN, J.ExPloring the Education-Employment Equation in HosPitality Management:A Comparison of Graduates and HNDs[J].International Journal of Hospital management,1996,15(1).51-68.
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[11]Jenkins,A.K.Making a career of it? Hospitality students'future perpectives:An Anglo-Dutch studyfJ].International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management,2001,13(1):13-20.
[12]Sinead O'Leary and Jim Deegan.Career progression of Irish tourism and hosoitality management guaduates[J].International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality management,2005,17(5):421-432.
[13]Ross, Glenn F.Tourism management as a career path: vocational Perceptions of Australian school leavers[J].Tourism Management,1992,13(2).242.5.
[14]Ross, Glenn F. What do Australian school leavers want of the in eustry[J]. Tourism Management,1994,15(1).62-66.
[15]Getz,Donald. Students'Work Experiences, Percptions And Attieudes Towards Careers In Hospitality And Tourism:A Longitudinal Case Study In Spey Valley, Scotland[J]. International Journal of Hospitality Management,1994,13(1):25.
[16]王景荣.我国高等旅游教育的现状和改革刍议[J].旅游学刊,1988,3(2).
[17]张红海,崔益红,赵伟华.构建餐饮及旅游管理专业学生就业介入体系[J].邯郸职业技术学院学报,2003,(12):75-76.
[18]陈特水,殷章馨.论高等旅游教育人才培养的行业需求特征——以湖南省旅游行业人才需求调查为例[J].湖南师范大学教育科学学报,2005,,(4).
[19]符秀丽.吴贤淑.浅析旅游管理专业毕业生就业现存问题及教学改革对策—以三亚市旅行社行业为例改革对策[J].青年科学,2020,(3).126-127
[20]王淑芳,孙怡,谷慧敏.旅游专业大学毕业生就业影响因素分析[J].旅游学刊,2005,(10).162-167.
[21]郑春林.旅游专业大学生就业的社会意识分析[J].重庆工商大学学报(西部论坛),2005,(15).184-185.
[22]时秀云,马鹤丹,邹化勇.旅游管理专业学生就业取向透视[J].合作经济与科技,2005,(4).43-44.
[23]刘雪莲,张平.普通高校旅游专业毕业生职业期望研究[J].成都大学学报,2007,(3).79-82.
[24]曾丽艳,许春晓.旅游管理专业择业观系统研究—以湖南师范大学为例[J].株洲师范高等专科学校学报,2007,(6)：108-110.
[25]吴巧新,黄震方.高校旅游人才供需失衡分析—以江苏为例[J].南京师大学报(自然科学版),2005(1)：122-126.
[26]周佳明.旅游管理本科毕业生供需错位现象分析与对策——以大连为例[J].辽宁师范大学,2008,(5).
[27]李文忠.谈旅游专业大学毕业生就业问题及对策[J].河北旅游职业学院学报,2009,(1):4-6.
[28]张艺,杨敏.旅游专业毕业生就业竞争力探析——以成都银杏酒店管理学院为例[J].中国成都市委党校学报,2009,(4):72-74.
[29]曹瑞琴.旅游专业毕业生潜流失分析[J].学术纵横,2009,(3)：131-132.
[31]贺志燕.旅游专业本科毕业生就业与专业关联性的实证研究[J].辽宁经济管理干部学院学报,2007,(4):98-99.
[32]梅虎,詹泽慧.旅游管理本科生就业倾向与本行业关联性分析及对策[J].旅游学刊,2009,(6)：76-81.
[33][http://baike.baidu.com/view/9103.htm?fr=ala0_1]
[34]邬明辉.旅游学概论[M].电子科技大学出版社.2009,(1):1-2.
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