Z源型单相光伏并网逆变器的研究
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摘要
能源和环境问题长久以来一直是世界各国所关心的问题,为了在此问题上实现可持续性的发展,很多国家都将光伏发电技术的发展研究作为其中之一的解决之道。逆变器作为光伏系统中的关键部分,一直是各国专家学者的研究重点。Z源型逆变器是近年提出的一种带有新型Z源网络的逆变器,由于其具有传统逆变器所不具备的一些优良特点而得到国内外学者的关注。本文主要对单相Z源型逆变器在光伏并网系统的应用进行了相关的研究。
首先介绍了单相Z源型逆变器的拓扑提出、工作原理以及Z源逆变器独有的逆变桥直通状态的控制方法,分析了Z源逆变器的一种非正常工作状态,给出了避免其进入非正常工作状态而应该满足的相关参数设置。根据Z源逆变器的工作特点,将直通状态和非直通状态下的电路进行等效分析,给出了其状态空间方程,并根据状态空间平均法对Z源网络进行了建模分析。
根据Z源网络的相关特点以及光伏并网逆变器应满足的相关性能,对单相Z源光伏并网逆变器进行了控制系统的设计。控制系统整体由一个双闭环系统构成：并网电流内环控制以及Z源网络电容的外环控制。通过对Z源电容电压的控制来实现对逆变桥直流链电压的控制,由于本文采用的是恒电压最大功率跟踪方式,所以只要将光伏阵列输出电压与逆变桥直流链电压进行匹配,当逆变桥直流链电压稳定的时候便可以实现最大功率跟踪控制了。对Z源网络的电感、电容以及并网电感的设计原理进行了分析,并给出了相关的参数设计公式。根据分析得出的参数设计公式以及控制系统的设计方法对单相Z源光伏并网系统进行了仿真分析,得出了部分结果,并对得出的结果进行了分析,对仍然存在的问题进行了总结,提出进一步的研究分析计划。
最后,对全文进行了系统的总结,并对Z源逆变器未来的相关研究做出了展望。
Energy and environment problems have aroused universal concern of the whole international community. In order to realize the sustainable development of energy and environment, photovoltaic technology has been viewed by many countries as a feasible solution. Inverter, which is a key part of PV system, has always been a focus of research. Z-source inverter, an inverter equipped with Z-source network which has just been proposed in recent years, has aroused attention of domestic scholars because of its advantages over traditional inverters. The paper intends to study the application of single phase Z-source inverter in PV grid-connected system.
First, the topology, working principle and control method of inverter bridge shoot through state of Z-source inverter is introduced. Then we analyze an abnormal working condition of Z-source inverter and propose a parameter setting which can avoid such abnormal working condition. According to the features of Z-source inverter, we make an equivalent analysis of circuits in a shoot through state and in a non-shoot through and presents the formula of its state space. Then we make a model analysis of Z-source network based on state space average method.
According to the features of Z-source network and the properties that PV grid-connected system must have, a control system is designed for single phase Z-source PV grid-connected system inverter. The control system is comprised of double closed-loop system:inner loop control of grid-connected current and outer loop control of Z-source network capacitance. Dc link voltage control is realized by means of controlling Z-source capacitance voltage. Because the paper uses the method of constant voltage maximum power point tracking, we only need to match the output voltage of photovoltaic array with dc link voltage of inverter bridge. As long as the dc link voltage of inverter bridge is in steady state, we can successfully realize the maximum power point tracking. The paper also analyzes the designing principle of inductance, capacitance and grid-connected inductance. Based on the analyzed parameter design formula and the design method of control system, a simulation is carried out on single phase Z-source PV grid-connected system by MATLAB7.1. Then we analyze the simulation results, summarize the existing problems and propose future plans for research.
Finally, we summarize the whole system and look forward to the future development of Z-source inverter.
首先介绍了单相Z源型逆变器的拓扑提出、工作原理以及Z源逆变器独有的逆变桥直通状态的控制方法,分析了Z源逆变器的一种非正常工作状态,给出了避免其进入非正常工作状态而应该满足的相关参数设置。根据Z源逆变器的工作特点,将直通状态和非直通状态下的电路进行等效分析,给出了其状态空间方程,并根据状态空间平均法对Z源网络进行了建模分析。
根据Z源网络的相关特点以及光伏并网逆变器应满足的相关性能,对单相Z源光伏并网逆变器进行了控制系统的设计。控制系统整体由一个双闭环系统构成：并网电流内环控制以及Z源网络电容的外环控制。通过对Z源电容电压的控制来实现对逆变桥直流链电压的控制,由于本文采用的是恒电压最大功率跟踪方式,所以只要将光伏阵列输出电压与逆变桥直流链电压进行匹配,当逆变桥直流链电压稳定的时候便可以实现最大功率跟踪控制了。对Z源网络的电感、电容以及并网电感的设计原理进行了分析,并给出了相关的参数设计公式。根据分析得出的参数设计公式以及控制系统的设计方法对单相Z源光伏并网系统进行了仿真分析,得出了部分结果,并对得出的结果进行了分析,对仍然存在的问题进行了总结,提出进一步的研究分析计划。
最后,对全文进行了系统的总结,并对Z源逆变器未来的相关研究做出了展望。
Energy and environment problems have aroused universal concern of the whole international community. In order to realize the sustainable development of energy and environment, photovoltaic technology has been viewed by many countries as a feasible solution. Inverter, which is a key part of PV system, has always been a focus of research. Z-source inverter, an inverter equipped with Z-source network which has just been proposed in recent years, has aroused attention of domestic scholars because of its advantages over traditional inverters. The paper intends to study the application of single phase Z-source inverter in PV grid-connected system.
First, the topology, working principle and control method of inverter bridge shoot through state of Z-source inverter is introduced. Then we analyze an abnormal working condition of Z-source inverter and propose a parameter setting which can avoid such abnormal working condition. According to the features of Z-source inverter, we make an equivalent analysis of circuits in a shoot through state and in a non-shoot through and presents the formula of its state space. Then we make a model analysis of Z-source network based on state space average method.
According to the features of Z-source network and the properties that PV grid-connected system must have, a control system is designed for single phase Z-source PV grid-connected system inverter. The control system is comprised of double closed-loop system:inner loop control of grid-connected current and outer loop control of Z-source network capacitance. Dc link voltage control is realized by means of controlling Z-source capacitance voltage. Because the paper uses the method of constant voltage maximum power point tracking, we only need to match the output voltage of photovoltaic array with dc link voltage of inverter bridge. As long as the dc link voltage of inverter bridge is in steady state, we can successfully realize the maximum power point tracking. The paper also analyzes the designing principle of inductance, capacitance and grid-connected inductance. Based on the analyzed parameter design formula and the design method of control system, a simulation is carried out on single phase Z-source PV grid-connected system by MATLAB7.1. Then we analyze the simulation results, summarize the existing problems and propose future plans for research.
Finally, we summarize the whole system and look forward to the future development of Z-source inverter.
引文
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[12]Calais M, Myrzik J, Spooner T, et al. Inverters for single-phase grid connected photovoltaic systems-an review[C]. IEEE 33rd Annual Power Electronics Specialists Conference, Australia,2002.
[13]T.-F.Wu, C.-H.Chang, and Y.-K.Chen. A multi-function photo-voltaic power supply system with grid-connection and power factor correction features[C]. in Proc.IEEE 31st Annu.Power Electron.Spec.Conf., Jun.2000, vol.3, no.18-23, pp.1185-1190.
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[15]杨水涛,丁新平,张帆,钱照明.Z-源逆变器在光伏发电系统中的应用[J].中国电机工程学报,.2008年6月,第28卷第17期,112—118.
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[18]F.Z.Peng, M.shen, and Z.M.Qian. Maximum boost control of the Z-source inverter. Proceedings of IEEE Power Electronics Specialists Conference2004, pp.255-260.
[19]M.S.shen, J.wang, A.Joseph, F.Z.peng, L.M.Tolbert, and D.J.Adams, "Maximum constant boost control of the Z-source inverter, " in Proceedings of IEEE Industry Applications Society Annual Meeting,2004, pp.142-147, October,2004.
[20]Miaosen Shen, Jin Wang, Alan JosePh, FangZheng Peng, Leon M.Tolbert, and Donald J.Adams. Constant Boost Control of the Z-Source Inverter to Minimize Current Ripple and Voltage Stress", IEEE Transactions on Industry Application, Vol.42, No.3, May/June2006, Page(s):770 - 778
[21]Miao sen Shen, and Fang.Z.Peng. "Operation Modes and Characteristies of the Z-Souree Inverter with Small Induetance ". IEEE IAS2005, PP.1253-1260
[22]高奇,钱照明,顾斌等.阻抗源逆变器的一种非正常工作状态[J].电工技术学报,2005年,第20卷,第8期,页55—58.
[23]F.Z.Peng, A.JosePh, J.wang, M.S.Shen, L.Chen, andZ.G.Pan. " Z-Source Inverter formotordrives". IEEE Transactions on Power eleetronies, vol.20, No.4, PP.857-863, July2005.
[24]XinPing Ding, Zhaoming Qian, ShuitaoYang, Bin Cui, and F.Z.Peng. "A High Performance Z-Source Inverter Operate with Both Small Inductor and Light Load". IEEE APEC2006, PP.615-620.
[25]徐德鸿.电力电子系统建模及控制[M].北京：机械工业出版社,2006年1月
[26]王归新,康勇,陈坚.基于状态空间平均法的单相逆变器控制建模[J].电力电子技术,2004,38(5)：9-12.
[27]P.C.Loh, D, M.Vilathgamuwa, C.J.Gajanayake, Y.R.Lim and C.W.Teo. Transient Modeling and Analysis of Pulse-Width Modulated Z-Source inverter[C]. In Proe. Of IEEE Industry Applications Soeiety Annual Meeting.2005.4(10).2782 - 2789.
[28]XinPingDing, ZhaomingQian, ShuitaoYang, BinCui, FangzhengPeng. A PID Control Strategy for DC-link Boost Voltage in Z-soure Inverter[C]. Applied Power Electronics Conference. APEC 2007-Twenty Seeond Annual IEEE. Vol.155. Feb2007.1145-1148.
[29]XinPing Ding, Zhaoming Qian, Shuitao Yang, Bin Cui, Fangzheng Peng. A Direet Peak DC-link Boost Voltage Control Strategy in Z-Source Inverter[C]. Applied Power Electronics Conference, APEC 2007-Twenty Seeond Annual IEEE. Vol.155. Feb2007.648-653.
[30]陈威.Z源逆变器的信号流图建模与控制分析[D].河北省合肥市：合肥工业大学.2007.12-42
[31]沈玉梁,徐伟新,赵为等.单输入单相SPWM调制的光伏并网发电系统控制规律的研究[J].太阳能学报,2004,25(6)：794-798.
[32]陈东华,谢少军,周波.瞬时值电流控制逆变技术比较[J].南京航空航天大学学报,2004,36(3)：343-347.
[33]N.M.Abdel-Rahim, J.E.Quaicoe. Analysis and Design of a Multiple Feedback Loop Control Strategy for Single-Phase Voltage-Source UPS Inverters[J]. IEEE Trans.on Power Electronics,2000,11(4):532-541.
[34]S.Buso, S.Fasolo, P.Mattavelli. Uninterruptible Power Supply Multiloop Control Employing Digital Predictive Voltage and Current Regulators[J]. IEEE Trans.on Ind.Appli.,2001,37(6):1846-1853.
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