我国中小民营企业对外直接投资研究
|
摘要
在经济全球化的大环境下,大量国外跨国公司涌入中国市场,我国企业正面临巨大的外部挑战,尤其是我国中小民营企业,单纯依赖国内市场已经无法满足其持续发展的要求,中小民营企业只有走出去参与国际竞争才能获得新的发展;另外,我国中小民营企业吸纳了全国75%的就业人口,它的健康持续的发展也关乎到社会稳定。因此,研究我国中小民营企业如何以对外直接投资形式全面参与国际竞争对稳定社会和提高国家在世界经济中的地位有十分积极的意义。
本文结合马克思和西方对外直接投资理论,对我国中小民营企业对外直接投资相关问题进行分析。首先,本文以马克思的资本输出动因论为理论基础,结合我国的实际情况分析我国中小民营企业对外直接投资的发展动因,并充分阐述了中小民营企业对外直接投资发展的历史与现状;然后,以传统发达与发展中国家对外投资理论为基础,从企业的内部环境和外部环境两个角度出发,对我国中小民营企业对外直接投资的优劣势进行更深层次的分析。最后,从企业角度出发,借鉴韩国、日本、意大利等三个国家的对外直接投资的经验,力图在产业、区位以及模式等方面给中小民营企业提出可行性的建议;从政府角度出发,力求在投资立法、金融政策和服务体系三方面提出相关可操作性的方案。
On the background of Economic globalization , the China’s market is gradually open to the world, meanwhile a lot of transnational corporations have swarmed to China. The huge challenge are facing to our enterprises, especially to Chinese small and medium-sized private enterprises. The domestic market hasn’t meet Chinese small and medium-sized private enterprises’demand of sustainable development. Chinese small and medium-sized private enterprises can get the new opportunity of development only if they go out. Additionally, seventy five percent of china’s labors work in the Chinese Small and medium-sized private enterprises. Its sustainable development has greatly effected on the stability of society. Therefore, the research on the how to encourage Chinese Small and medium-sized private enterprises to take part in the international competition is very favorable to stabilizing society and enhancing our country’s place of international economy.
This text analyzes the relative questions on the FDI of Chinese small and medium-sized private enterprises, using Marxist theory accompanying with modern western theory of FDI. First, on the basic of Marxist’s FDI driving force theory, the text analyzes Chinese small and medium-sized private enterprises’FDI driving force according to our country’s real state, as well as the history and real state; then, from the enterprises’internal and external angels, the text is to analyze the advantage and disadvantage on FDI further. At last, tries to adopt some feasible suggestions on the foreign direct investment the location decision、the industry selection and the entrance pattern selection from the enterprises’angel accompanying with Korea、Japan and Italy’s experience on FDI; this text also tries to adopt relative feasible schemes on the investment law、financial policy and service system of FDI.
本文结合马克思和西方对外直接投资理论,对我国中小民营企业对外直接投资相关问题进行分析。首先,本文以马克思的资本输出动因论为理论基础,结合我国的实际情况分析我国中小民营企业对外直接投资的发展动因,并充分阐述了中小民营企业对外直接投资发展的历史与现状;然后,以传统发达与发展中国家对外投资理论为基础,从企业的内部环境和外部环境两个角度出发,对我国中小民营企业对外直接投资的优劣势进行更深层次的分析。最后,从企业角度出发,借鉴韩国、日本、意大利等三个国家的对外直接投资的经验,力图在产业、区位以及模式等方面给中小民营企业提出可行性的建议;从政府角度出发,力求在投资立法、金融政策和服务体系三方面提出相关可操作性的方案。
On the background of Economic globalization , the China’s market is gradually open to the world, meanwhile a lot of transnational corporations have swarmed to China. The huge challenge are facing to our enterprises, especially to Chinese small and medium-sized private enterprises. The domestic market hasn’t meet Chinese small and medium-sized private enterprises’demand of sustainable development. Chinese small and medium-sized private enterprises can get the new opportunity of development only if they go out. Additionally, seventy five percent of china’s labors work in the Chinese Small and medium-sized private enterprises. Its sustainable development has greatly effected on the stability of society. Therefore, the research on the how to encourage Chinese Small and medium-sized private enterprises to take part in the international competition is very favorable to stabilizing society and enhancing our country’s place of international economy.
This text analyzes the relative questions on the FDI of Chinese small and medium-sized private enterprises, using Marxist theory accompanying with modern western theory of FDI. First, on the basic of Marxist’s FDI driving force theory, the text analyzes Chinese small and medium-sized private enterprises’FDI driving force according to our country’s real state, as well as the history and real state; then, from the enterprises’internal and external angels, the text is to analyze the advantage and disadvantage on FDI further. At last, tries to adopt some feasible suggestions on the foreign direct investment the location decision、the industry selection and the entrance pattern selection from the enterprises’angel accompanying with Korea、Japan and Italy’s experience on FDI; this text also tries to adopt relative feasible schemes on the investment law、financial policy and service system of FDI.
引文
①Hymer,S.H.The International Operations of National Firms,Ph.D Disertation MIT Published by MIT Press,1976
②Vernon, R .International Inverstment and International Trade in the Product Cycle. Quarterly Journal of Economics,1966,80,190-207.
①一桥大学学院史刊行委员会.一桥大学学问史(上册),463
①Dunning,J.Toward an Edectic Theory of International Production,Journal of International Business Studies,1980,9-31.
②Dunning,J.H..International Production and the Multinational Enterprise.London:Allen and Unwin,,1981.
①Wells,L.T.Third World Multinationals.Cambridge,MA:MIT Press,1983
②Lall,Sanjaya.The Pattern of Intra-Firm Exports by US Multinationals, OxfordBulletin of Economics and Statisties,1978,40,209-222
①波特(Michael E.Porter).国家竞争优势(The Competitive Advantage of Nations)[M].李明轩译.北京:华夏出版社,2002:140-142.
①徐康宁.陈建健,跨国公司价值链区位选择及其决定因素.经济研究[M].2008/03
②唐礼智.东南亚华人企业集团对外直接投资研究[M].厦门大学出版社,2004/08:34
①《东南亚华人企业集团对外直接投资研究》,唐礼智。厦门大学出版社。2004年8月第一版,108
①《马克思恩格斯全集》第25卷:279一280
②《列宁全集》第22卷:234
③赵伟.中国企业国际化:全球的与历史的观点.国际经济合作[M].2007年第2期
①孙伍琴,王玉钏.民营企业对外直接投资研究[M].2008年6月第一版,经济科学出版社:53
①“浙江民营经济综合实力位居全国第一”, www.zjsr.com,浙江商网,2007年7月12日
①李桂芳.中国企业对外直接投资分析报告.2008[M].中国经济出版社.2008/04. 88
②刘乃全,李勇辉,王琴.中小企业:意大利通往繁荣之路(M).上海财经大学出版社.2003/08:167
①石磊.我国海外投资中存在的问题及法律对策.投资研究[M].1998年第5期
[1]张洁颖.“走出去”战略背景下中国对外直接投资政策体系的思考[J].国际贸易,2007/04
[2]胡振华.民营企业国际化经营模式探讨[J].国际商务,2004/04
[3]张新乐.我国对外直接投资决定因素的实证研究[J].国际贸易问题,2007/05
[4]徐康宁,陈健.跨国公司价值链区位选择及其决定因素[J].经济研究,2008/03
[5]周英.我国民营企业实施走出去战略的所有权优势[J].国际商务,2004/04
[6]欧阳峣.基于大国综合优势的中国对外直接投资战略[J].财贸经济,2006/05
[7]王英.对外直接投资的动因及效应研究综述[J].审计与经济研究,2007/06
[8]汤建光.中日两国对外直接投资的比较研究及其启示[J].经济问题探索,2007/11
[9]周肇光.论马克思开放型经济发展思想及其现实意义[J].当代经济研究,2005/04
[10]曾剑云无技术优势企业对外直接投资研究综述[J].国际贸易问题,2007/12
[11]陈漓高对外直接投资的产业选择:基于产业地位划分法的分析[J].世界经济,2007/10
[12]吴显英.企业国际化进程中的跨文化研究综述[J].经济纵横,2006/11
[13]刘乃全,李勇辉,王琴.中小企业:意大利通往繁荣之路[M].上海财经大学出版社,2003/08.
[14]李桂芳.中国企业对外直接投资分析报告[M].中国经济出版社,2007/07
[15]邓洪宝.中国企业“走出去”的产业分析[M].人民出版社,2004/06
[16]陈哲明.西部企业跨国经营-理论与战略[M].复旦大学出版社,2004/04
[17]严明.海外投资金融支持-以中国企业为对象[M].社会科学文献出版社,2006/02
[18]唐礼智.东南亚华人企业集团对外直接投资研究[M].厦门大学出版社,2004/08
[19]樊增强.中国中小企业跨国经营研究[M].社会科学出版社,2004/08
[20]邢建国.对外直接投资战略抉择[M].经济科学出版社,2003/12
[21]李辉.发展中国家对外直接投资决定因素研究-加入金融因素后的IDP理论与实证分析[M].中国人民大学出版社,2008/05
[22]孙武琴,王玉钏.民营企业对外直接投资研究[M].经济科学出版社,2008/06
[23]郭劲.光企业网络的经济社会学研究[M].中国社会科学出版社,2008/04
[24]何金泉.中国民营经济研究[M].西南财经大学出版社,2001
[25]赵伟等.中国区域经济开放模式与趋势[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2005
[26]王林生,范黎波.跨国经营理论予战略[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,2003
[27]美.迈克尔·波特,陈小悦译.竞争战略[M].北京:华厦出版社,1997
[28]川金润圭著.国际企业管理[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2005
[29]刘冀生,石涌江.中国企业“走出去”战略[M].北京:新华出版社,2003
[30]赵伟,古广乐等著.民营企业国际化:理论分析与典型案例研究[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2006
[31]波特.国家竞争优势[M].李明轩译.北京:华夏出版社,2002
[32]罗鸿编著.比较管理学[M].广州:广东高等教育出版社,2000
[33]金润圭著.国际企业经营与管理[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,1999
[34]金润圭等著.全球战略:跨国公司与中国企业国际化[M].上海:上海社会科学出版社,1999
[35]万兴亚.中小企业技术创新与政府政策[M].北京:人民出版社.2001
[36]林汉川,魏中奇.中小企业发展与创新[M].上海:上海财经大学出版社.2001
[37]王延中.WTO与中小企业发展战略[M].广州:广东旅游出版社.2000/07
[38]林汉川,魏中奇.中小企业存在与发展[M].上海:上海财经大学出版社.2001
[39]中共十七大报告2007
[40]国家统计局网站:www.stats.gov.cn
[41]商务部网站:www.mofcom
[42]中小企业信息网:http://www.sme.gov.cn/index.htm
[43] Vernon,R.International Inverstment and International Trade in the Product Cycle. Quarterly Journal of Economics,1966,80,190-207.
[44] Hymer,S.H.The International Operations of National Firms,Ph.D Disertation MIT Published by MIT Press, 1976
[45] Dunning,J.Toward an Edectic Theory of International Production,Journal of International Business Studies, 1980, 9-31.
[46] Lall, Sanjaya. The Pattern of Intra-Firm Exports by US Multinationals, OxfordBulletin of Economics and Statisties,1978,40,209-222
[47] Alam,Pervaiz.Foreign Exchange Handbook: Managing Risk and Opportunity in China Journal of International Business Studies.1993(2):396-40
[48] Alan M Rugman, Alain Verbeke.Towards a Theory of Regional Multinationals:A Transaction Cost Economics Approach.Management International Review. Wiesbaden:2005(3):5-18。
[49] Anthony Goerzen, Paul W Beamish.Geographic scope and multinational enterprises performance。Strategic Management Journal。2003(11):1289-1295。
[50] Arun Savara.International Strategic Management.Lexington Books,1989.
[51] Asiedu,Elizabeth,Lien,Donald.Capital Controls and Foreign Direct Investment. World Development Volume:32,Issue:3,March,2004:479-490.
[52] B.Wernerfelt.A Resource-Based View of the Firm.Strategic Management Journal,1984,05.
[53] Bergsten,C.F.Thomas Horst and H.M.Theodore。American multinationals and American Interests.Washington D.C.Brookings Institute,1978:535.
[54] Bruce,A.B.Firm-Specific Assets and the Link between Exchange Rates and Foreign Direct Investment.The American Economic Review,1997,June:447-465.
[55] Buckley,P.J.and M.Casson.A Theory of International Operation.North-Holland: Amsterdam,1976:230-234.
[56] Wolf,B.M..Industrial Diversification and Internationalization:Some Empirical Evidence.Journal of Industrial Economics 26,Dec.1977.
[57] Chandler,A.D.Strategy and Structure.Havard University Press,1962.
[58] Veugelers,R..Strategic Incentives for Multinational Operations.Managerial and Decision Economics,Vol.16,1995.
[59] Macdongall,G.D.A..The Benefits and Costs of Private Investment from Abroad:a Theoretical Approach.Economic Record,36,March 1960.
[60] Kemp,M.C..The Benefits from International Trade and Investment. American Economic Review,56,1966.
[61] Jones,R.W..The Theory of International Capital Movement and Tariff Trade.Quarterly Journal of Economics,1967.
[62] Kojima,K..Direct Foreign Investment:A Japanese Model of Multinational Business Operations.London:Croom Helm,1978.
[63] Caves,R.E..International Corporation:The Industrial Economics of Foreign Investment.Economica 38,Feb.1971.
②Vernon, R .International Inverstment and International Trade in the Product Cycle. Quarterly Journal of Economics,1966,80,190-207.
①一桥大学学院史刊行委员会.一桥大学学问史(上册),463
①Dunning,J.Toward an Edectic Theory of International Production,Journal of International Business Studies,1980,9-31.
②Dunning,J.H..International Production and the Multinational Enterprise.London:Allen and Unwin,,1981.
①Wells,L.T.Third World Multinationals.Cambridge,MA:MIT Press,1983
②Lall,Sanjaya.The Pattern of Intra-Firm Exports by US Multinationals, OxfordBulletin of Economics and Statisties,1978,40,209-222
①波特(Michael E.Porter).国家竞争优势(The Competitive Advantage of Nations)[M].李明轩译.北京:华夏出版社,2002:140-142.
①徐康宁.陈建健,跨国公司价值链区位选择及其决定因素.经济研究[M].2008/03
②唐礼智.东南亚华人企业集团对外直接投资研究[M].厦门大学出版社,2004/08:34
①《东南亚华人企业集团对外直接投资研究》,唐礼智。厦门大学出版社。2004年8月第一版,108
①《马克思恩格斯全集》第25卷:279一280
②《列宁全集》第22卷:234
③赵伟.中国企业国际化:全球的与历史的观点.国际经济合作[M].2007年第2期
①孙伍琴,王玉钏.民营企业对外直接投资研究[M].2008年6月第一版,经济科学出版社:53
①“浙江民营经济综合实力位居全国第一”, www.zjsr.com,浙江商网,2007年7月12日
①李桂芳.中国企业对外直接投资分析报告.2008[M].中国经济出版社.2008/04. 88
②刘乃全,李勇辉,王琴.中小企业:意大利通往繁荣之路(M).上海财经大学出版社.2003/08:167
①石磊.我国海外投资中存在的问题及法律对策.投资研究[M].1998年第5期
[1]张洁颖.“走出去”战略背景下中国对外直接投资政策体系的思考[J].国际贸易,2007/04
[2]胡振华.民营企业国际化经营模式探讨[J].国际商务,2004/04
[3]张新乐.我国对外直接投资决定因素的实证研究[J].国际贸易问题,2007/05
[4]徐康宁,陈健.跨国公司价值链区位选择及其决定因素[J].经济研究,2008/03
[5]周英.我国民营企业实施走出去战略的所有权优势[J].国际商务,2004/04
[6]欧阳峣.基于大国综合优势的中国对外直接投资战略[J].财贸经济,2006/05
[7]王英.对外直接投资的动因及效应研究综述[J].审计与经济研究,2007/06
[8]汤建光.中日两国对外直接投资的比较研究及其启示[J].经济问题探索,2007/11
[9]周肇光.论马克思开放型经济发展思想及其现实意义[J].当代经济研究,2005/04
[10]曾剑云无技术优势企业对外直接投资研究综述[J].国际贸易问题,2007/12
[11]陈漓高对外直接投资的产业选择:基于产业地位划分法的分析[J].世界经济,2007/10
[12]吴显英.企业国际化进程中的跨文化研究综述[J].经济纵横,2006/11
[13]刘乃全,李勇辉,王琴.中小企业:意大利通往繁荣之路[M].上海财经大学出版社,2003/08.
[14]李桂芳.中国企业对外直接投资分析报告[M].中国经济出版社,2007/07
[15]邓洪宝.中国企业“走出去”的产业分析[M].人民出版社,2004/06
[16]陈哲明.西部企业跨国经营-理论与战略[M].复旦大学出版社,2004/04
[17]严明.海外投资金融支持-以中国企业为对象[M].社会科学文献出版社,2006/02
[18]唐礼智.东南亚华人企业集团对外直接投资研究[M].厦门大学出版社,2004/08
[19]樊增强.中国中小企业跨国经营研究[M].社会科学出版社,2004/08
[20]邢建国.对外直接投资战略抉择[M].经济科学出版社,2003/12
[21]李辉.发展中国家对外直接投资决定因素研究-加入金融因素后的IDP理论与实证分析[M].中国人民大学出版社,2008/05
[22]孙武琴,王玉钏.民营企业对外直接投资研究[M].经济科学出版社,2008/06
[23]郭劲.光企业网络的经济社会学研究[M].中国社会科学出版社,2008/04
[24]何金泉.中国民营经济研究[M].西南财经大学出版社,2001
[25]赵伟等.中国区域经济开放模式与趋势[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2005
[26]王林生,范黎波.跨国经营理论予战略[M].北京:对外经济贸易大学出版社,2003
[27]美.迈克尔·波特,陈小悦译.竞争战略[M].北京:华厦出版社,1997
[28]川金润圭著.国际企业管理[M].北京:中国人民大学出版社,2005
[29]刘冀生,石涌江.中国企业“走出去”战略[M].北京:新华出版社,2003
[30]赵伟,古广乐等著.民营企业国际化:理论分析与典型案例研究[M].北京:经济科学出版社,2006
[31]波特.国家竞争优势[M].李明轩译.北京:华夏出版社,2002
[32]罗鸿编著.比较管理学[M].广州:广东高等教育出版社,2000
[33]金润圭著.国际企业经营与管理[M].上海:华东师范大学出版社,1999
[34]金润圭等著.全球战略:跨国公司与中国企业国际化[M].上海:上海社会科学出版社,1999
[35]万兴亚.中小企业技术创新与政府政策[M].北京:人民出版社.2001
[36]林汉川,魏中奇.中小企业发展与创新[M].上海:上海财经大学出版社.2001
[37]王延中.WTO与中小企业发展战略[M].广州:广东旅游出版社.2000/07
[38]林汉川,魏中奇.中小企业存在与发展[M].上海:上海财经大学出版社.2001
[39]中共十七大报告2007
[40]国家统计局网站:www.stats.gov.cn
[41]商务部网站:www.mofcom
[42]中小企业信息网:http://www.sme.gov.cn/index.htm
[43] Vernon,R.International Inverstment and International Trade in the Product Cycle. Quarterly Journal of Economics,1966,80,190-207.
[44] Hymer,S.H.The International Operations of National Firms,Ph.D Disertation MIT Published by MIT Press, 1976
[45] Dunning,J.Toward an Edectic Theory of International Production,Journal of International Business Studies, 1980, 9-31.
[46] Lall, Sanjaya. The Pattern of Intra-Firm Exports by US Multinationals, OxfordBulletin of Economics and Statisties,1978,40,209-222
[47] Alam,Pervaiz.Foreign Exchange Handbook: Managing Risk and Opportunity in China Journal of International Business Studies.1993(2):396-40
[48] Alan M Rugman, Alain Verbeke.Towards a Theory of Regional Multinationals:A Transaction Cost Economics Approach.Management International Review. Wiesbaden:2005(3):5-18。
[49] Anthony Goerzen, Paul W Beamish.Geographic scope and multinational enterprises performance。Strategic Management Journal。2003(11):1289-1295。
[50] Arun Savara.International Strategic Management.Lexington Books,1989.
[51] Asiedu,Elizabeth,Lien,Donald.Capital Controls and Foreign Direct Investment. World Development Volume:32,Issue:3,March,2004:479-490.
[52] B.Wernerfelt.A Resource-Based View of the Firm.Strategic Management Journal,1984,05.
[53] Bergsten,C.F.Thomas Horst and H.M.Theodore。American multinationals and American Interests.Washington D.C.Brookings Institute,1978:535.
[54] Bruce,A.B.Firm-Specific Assets and the Link between Exchange Rates and Foreign Direct Investment.The American Economic Review,1997,June:447-465.
[55] Buckley,P.J.and M.Casson.A Theory of International Operation.North-Holland: Amsterdam,1976:230-234.
[56] Wolf,B.M..Industrial Diversification and Internationalization:Some Empirical Evidence.Journal of Industrial Economics 26,Dec.1977.
[57] Chandler,A.D.Strategy and Structure.Havard University Press,1962.
[58] Veugelers,R..Strategic Incentives for Multinational Operations.Managerial and Decision Economics,Vol.16,1995.
[59] Macdongall,G.D.A..The Benefits and Costs of Private Investment from Abroad:a Theoretical Approach.Economic Record,36,March 1960.
[60] Kemp,M.C..The Benefits from International Trade and Investment. American Economic Review,56,1966.
[61] Jones,R.W..The Theory of International Capital Movement and Tariff Trade.Quarterly Journal of Economics,1967.
[62] Kojima,K..Direct Foreign Investment:A Japanese Model of Multinational Business Operations.London:Croom Helm,1978.
[63] Caves,R.E..International Corporation:The Industrial Economics of Foreign Investment.Economica 38,Feb.1971.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |