中频三相电子负载研究
|
摘要
随着电源新产品的不断推出,包括特殊用途电源的出现,对电源性能测试的要求越来越高,传统的测试方法不能保证测试的完整性、以及自动化和智能化的发展方向,并且在测试过程中的能量浪费,也不符合环保的要求。因此一种具有一定自动测试功能,并且能把测试过程中,多余的能量尽可能回馈到电网的电子负载就迫在眉睫;中频交流电子负载就是针对中频电源的测试需要,能替代传统手工作坊式的测试方法,并且能回馈能量到电网的一种电源测试设备。
本文首先分析了传统电源负载的的缺点,结合国内外关于电子负载的现状,提出了交流电子负载研究的必要性。然后针对某型中频电源,分析其测试所需负载的要求,以中频交流电子负载为研究对象,提出带有中间直流环节的AC-DC-AC的交流电子负载拓扑结构,决定采用三相全桥整流和三相半桥逆变以及电容作为中间直流环节的电路拓扑,并具体分析了前后两个AC-DC变换的电路拓扑结构;针对每一种拓扑结构,分析了其数学模型、工作原理、控制策略以及控制系统,并用MATLAB仿真电路验证了其合理性和功能性;最后搭建一个试验平台,试验了电路作为交流电子负载的输入特性。
通过仿真和实验表明,基于DSP的中频交流电子负载具有一定的可行性,并且能够代替传统的电源测试设备,具有一定的自动化、智能化功能,同时能回馈能量到电网的功用。
With the constant supply of new products launched, including the emergence of special-purpose power supply for power performance testing requirements are much too high, the traditional testing methods can not guarantee the integrity of the test, as well as the development of automated and intelligent direction, and in testing energy wasted in the process, nor consistent with the requirements of environmental protection. Therefore a certain automatic test function, and can test process, the excess energy back to the grid as far as possible, the electronic load on imminent; IF is the exchange of e-load testing for medium frequency power supply needs, workshops can be an alternative to traditional hand-style test methods, and can return energy to the grid of a power supply test equipment.
In this paper, the traditional shortcomings of the power load, at home and abroad on the status of the electronic load, electronic load to the exchange of the need for research. And then for a certain type of medium frequency power supply, analysis of their test requirements of the load required to IF for the exchange of e-load study, the intermediate DC link with the AC-DC-AC electronic load of the exchange of topology, decided to adopt the three-phase full-bridge rectifier and three-phase half-bridge inverter and DC link capacitor as the middle of the circuit topology, and a detailed analysis of the two AC-DC conversion circuit topology; for each topology, the mathematical model of analysis, working principle, control strategy and control system and circuit simulation with MATLAB to verify the rationality and functionality; Finally, a test platform to build, test the circuit as the exchange of e-load input characteristics.
Through simulation and experiments show that the IF DSP-based electronic exchange was the feasibility of a certain load and power supply to replace the traditional testing equipment, with a certain degree of automation, intelligent features, while at the same time feedback function of energy to the grid.
本文首先分析了传统电源负载的的缺点,结合国内外关于电子负载的现状,提出了交流电子负载研究的必要性。然后针对某型中频电源,分析其测试所需负载的要求,以中频交流电子负载为研究对象,提出带有中间直流环节的AC-DC-AC的交流电子负载拓扑结构,决定采用三相全桥整流和三相半桥逆变以及电容作为中间直流环节的电路拓扑,并具体分析了前后两个AC-DC变换的电路拓扑结构;针对每一种拓扑结构,分析了其数学模型、工作原理、控制策略以及控制系统,并用MATLAB仿真电路验证了其合理性和功能性;最后搭建一个试验平台,试验了电路作为交流电子负载的输入特性。
通过仿真和实验表明,基于DSP的中频交流电子负载具有一定的可行性,并且能够代替传统的电源测试设备,具有一定的自动化、智能化功能,同时能回馈能量到电网的功用。
With the constant supply of new products launched, including the emergence of special-purpose power supply for power performance testing requirements are much too high, the traditional testing methods can not guarantee the integrity of the test, as well as the development of automated and intelligent direction, and in testing energy wasted in the process, nor consistent with the requirements of environmental protection. Therefore a certain automatic test function, and can test process, the excess energy back to the grid as far as possible, the electronic load on imminent; IF is the exchange of e-load testing for medium frequency power supply needs, workshops can be an alternative to traditional hand-style test methods, and can return energy to the grid of a power supply test equipment.
In this paper, the traditional shortcomings of the power load, at home and abroad on the status of the electronic load, electronic load to the exchange of the need for research. And then for a certain type of medium frequency power supply, analysis of their test requirements of the load required to IF for the exchange of e-load study, the intermediate DC link with the AC-DC-AC electronic load of the exchange of topology, decided to adopt the three-phase full-bridge rectifier and three-phase half-bridge inverter and DC link capacitor as the middle of the circuit topology, and a detailed analysis of the two AC-DC conversion circuit topology; for each topology, the mathematical model of analysis, working principle, control strategy and control system and circuit simulation with MATLAB to verify the rationality and functionality; Finally, a test platform to build, test the circuit as the exchange of e-load input characteristics.
Through simulation and experiments show that the IF DSP-based electronic exchange was the feasibility of a certain load and power supply to replace the traditional testing equipment, with a certain degree of automation, intelligent features, while at the same time feedback function of energy to the grid.
引文
[1]陈坚.电力电子学-电力电子变换和控制技术.北京:高等教育出版社,2002
[2]张玉成.单相电压型PWM整流器研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学图书馆,2007
[3] R.Real and J.Daan Van Wyk,“Power electronics’polluting effects,”IEEE Spectrum,pp.32-37, May 1997
[4] C L Chu , J F Chen . Self-load bank for UPS testing by circulating current method[C].Proc.IEE-Elect. Power Applicat,1994,141(4).191-196
[5] Shyh-Jier Huang,Fu-Sheng Pai.Design and operation of burn-in test system for three-phaseuninterruptible power supplies[J].IEEE Trans.on Industrial Electronics,2002,49(1):256-263
[6]潘诗锋,赵剑锋,王浔大功率交流电子负载的研究电力电子技术2006.2第40卷第1期
[7] L Gyugyi,B R Relly.Static Power Frequency Changers.New York:Wildy,1976
[8] A Alesina,M Venturini.Analysis and design of optimum amplitude nine-switch direct AC-AC converters[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Electronics,1989,4(1):101-112
[9] S Bhowmik,R Spee .A Guide to the Application-Oriented Selection of AC/AC ConverterTobolo}iesfJl.IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics,1993,8:156-163
[10]冯磊.一种单周期控制的三相三开关PFC电路研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学图书馆,2007
[11] J. C. salmon,“Techniques for Minimizing the input current distortion of current-controll single-phase boost rectifiers,”IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 509-520, Oct. 1993.
[12]李芬,邹旭东,王成智,陈伟基于双PWM变换器的交流电子负载研究高电压技术2008。5第34卷第5期
[13] Busse Alfred,Holtz Joachim.Multiloop control of a unity power factor fast switching AC to DCconverter[C].Proc.of IEEE Annual Meeting of Power Electronics Specialists Conference.IEEE PESC,1982:171-179.
[14] Akagi Hirofumi,etc.Instantaneous reactive power compensators comprising switchingdevices without energy storage components[J].IEEE Trans.Ind.Appl.,1984,20:625-630
[15] Green A W,Boys J T,Gates G F.3-phase Voltage Sourced reversible rectifier[C].IEE proceedings 1988,6(B5):362-370
[16]赵振波,许伯强,李和明.高功率因数PWM整流器综述.华北电力大学学报. 2002年第29卷第4期:36~40
[17]史伟伟,蒋全,胡敏强等.三相电压型PWM整流器的数学模型和主电路设计.东南大学学报. 2002年第32卷第1期:50~55
[18]潘诗锋.大功率交流电子负载的研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学图书馆,2005
[19]屈莉莉.三相高功率因数电压型PWM可逆整流器的研究:西安交通大学硕士学位论文.西安:西安交通大学图书馆,2002
[20] Ooi B T,Salmon J C,Dixon J W,et al.A Three Phase Controlled Current PWM Converter with Leading Power Factor[J].IEEE Trans.Ind.Appl.,1987(23):78-84
[21]杨旭,王兆安.准固定频率滞环PWM电流模式控制方法的研究[J].电源世界,2001(1):5-8
[22] Wu R,Dewan S B,Slemon G B.A PWM AC-to-AC Converter with Fixed Switching Frequency[J].IEEE Trans.Ind.Appl.,1990(26):880-885
[23]熊健.三相电压型高频PWM整流器研究.华中理工大学博士学位论文.武汉:华中科技大学图书馆,1999
[24]熊健等,三相电压型PWM整流器控制技术研究,电力电子技术, vol.33, no.2, page.5~7, 1999
[25] Rahman K.M., Khan M.R, Choudhury M.A. et al. Variable-band hysteresis current controllers for PWM voltage-source inverters[J]. IEEE Tans. On Power Electron, 1997, 12(6): 964~970.
[26] R.Wu, S.B.Dewan, and G.R.Slemon, "A PWM AC-to-Dc converter with fixed switching frequency," IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat., vol.26, no.5, pp.880-885, Sept/Oct. 1990
[27] O.KüKrer,“Deadbeat Control of a three-phase inverter with an output LC filter,”IEEE Trans. Power Electron. vol. 11, no. 1, Jan. 1996
[28] Joachim H. Pulsewidth Modulation—A Survey. IEEE Trans. On Industry Applications, Vol.39, No.5, Dec. 1992: 410~419
[29]孙炳达.自动控制原理.第二版.北京:机械工业出版社, 2005
[30]陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统.北京:机械工业出版社, 1996
[31]洪乃刚等.电力电子和电力拖动控制系统的MATLAB仿真[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2007
[32]王家文王皓刘海.MATLAB7.0编程基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2005年07月
[33]求是科技. MATLAB7.0从入门到精通[M].北京:人民邮电出版社机械工业出版社. 2006年03月
[34]张崇巍,张兴.PWM整流器及其控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003:6-12
[35] Ye Y, Kazerani M, Quintana V H. A novel modeling and control method for three-phase PWM converters .PESC. 2001 IEEE 32th Annual . 2001,1 : 102~107
[36]唐丽丽,郑琼林.单相PWM整流器主电路参数选择探讨.北方交通大学学报. 2000年第24卷第4期:98~102
[37]张兴,杨孝志,刘正之等.单相电压型PWM整流器交流侧电感的设计.合肥工业大学学报. 2004年第27卷第1期:31~34
[38]张燕宾.变频调速应用实践.机械工业出版社,2000:10~22
[39]唐丽丽,郑琼林.单相PWM整流器主电路参数选择探讨.北方交通大学学报. 2000年第24卷第4期:98~102
[40]屈莉莉,秦忆,杨兆华等. PWM高频整流技术.佛山科学技术学院学报. 2002年第19卷第2期:22~26
[41]赵振波.三相电压型PWM整流器及其控制策略研究:华北电力大学硕士学位论文.北京:华北电力大学图书馆,2002
[42]史伟伟,蒋全,胡敏强等.三相电压型PWM整流器的数学模型和主电路设计.东南大学学报. 2002年第32卷第1期:50~55
[43]王立欣,张宁,靳刚.VSR直流侧滤波电容的计算及实验分析.哈尔滨工业大学学报,2006,38(1):63~66
[44]刘和平,严利平,张学锋,卓清锋.TMS320LF240x DSP结构、原理及应用.北京航空航天大学出版社,2002:1~46
[45] TI Inc. TMS320C28X系列DSP的CPU与外设(上).张卫宁编译.北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[46] TI Inc. TMS320C28X系列DSP的CPU与外设(下).张卫宁编译.北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[2]张玉成.单相电压型PWM整流器研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学图书馆,2007
[3] R.Real and J.Daan Van Wyk,“Power electronics’polluting effects,”IEEE Spectrum,pp.32-37, May 1997
[4] C L Chu , J F Chen . Self-load bank for UPS testing by circulating current method[C].Proc.IEE-Elect. Power Applicat,1994,141(4).191-196
[5] Shyh-Jier Huang,Fu-Sheng Pai.Design and operation of burn-in test system for three-phaseuninterruptible power supplies[J].IEEE Trans.on Industrial Electronics,2002,49(1):256-263
[6]潘诗锋,赵剑锋,王浔大功率交流电子负载的研究电力电子技术2006.2第40卷第1期
[7] L Gyugyi,B R Relly.Static Power Frequency Changers.New York:Wildy,1976
[8] A Alesina,M Venturini.Analysis and design of optimum amplitude nine-switch direct AC-AC converters[J].IEEE Trans.on Power Electronics,1989,4(1):101-112
[9] S Bhowmik,R Spee .A Guide to the Application-Oriented Selection of AC/AC ConverterTobolo}iesfJl.IEEE Trans. on Power Electronics,1993,8:156-163
[10]冯磊.一种单周期控制的三相三开关PFC电路研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学图书馆,2007
[11] J. C. salmon,“Techniques for Minimizing the input current distortion of current-controll single-phase boost rectifiers,”IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 8, no. 4, pp. 509-520, Oct. 1993.
[12]李芬,邹旭东,王成智,陈伟基于双PWM变换器的交流电子负载研究高电压技术2008。5第34卷第5期
[13] Busse Alfred,Holtz Joachim.Multiloop control of a unity power factor fast switching AC to DCconverter[C].Proc.of IEEE Annual Meeting of Power Electronics Specialists Conference.IEEE PESC,1982:171-179.
[14] Akagi Hirofumi,etc.Instantaneous reactive power compensators comprising switchingdevices without energy storage components[J].IEEE Trans.Ind.Appl.,1984,20:625-630
[15] Green A W,Boys J T,Gates G F.3-phase Voltage Sourced reversible rectifier[C].IEE proceedings 1988,6(B5):362-370
[16]赵振波,许伯强,李和明.高功率因数PWM整流器综述.华北电力大学学报. 2002年第29卷第4期:36~40
[17]史伟伟,蒋全,胡敏强等.三相电压型PWM整流器的数学模型和主电路设计.东南大学学报. 2002年第32卷第1期:50~55
[18]潘诗锋.大功率交流电子负载的研究:[硕士学位论文].武汉:华中科技大学图书馆,2005
[19]屈莉莉.三相高功率因数电压型PWM可逆整流器的研究:西安交通大学硕士学位论文.西安:西安交通大学图书馆,2002
[20] Ooi B T,Salmon J C,Dixon J W,et al.A Three Phase Controlled Current PWM Converter with Leading Power Factor[J].IEEE Trans.Ind.Appl.,1987(23):78-84
[21]杨旭,王兆安.准固定频率滞环PWM电流模式控制方法的研究[J].电源世界,2001(1):5-8
[22] Wu R,Dewan S B,Slemon G B.A PWM AC-to-AC Converter with Fixed Switching Frequency[J].IEEE Trans.Ind.Appl.,1990(26):880-885
[23]熊健.三相电压型高频PWM整流器研究.华中理工大学博士学位论文.武汉:华中科技大学图书馆,1999
[24]熊健等,三相电压型PWM整流器控制技术研究,电力电子技术, vol.33, no.2, page.5~7, 1999
[25] Rahman K.M., Khan M.R, Choudhury M.A. et al. Variable-band hysteresis current controllers for PWM voltage-source inverters[J]. IEEE Tans. On Power Electron, 1997, 12(6): 964~970.
[26] R.Wu, S.B.Dewan, and G.R.Slemon, "A PWM AC-to-Dc converter with fixed switching frequency," IEEE Trans. Ind. Applicat., vol.26, no.5, pp.880-885, Sept/Oct. 1990
[27] O.KüKrer,“Deadbeat Control of a three-phase inverter with an output LC filter,”IEEE Trans. Power Electron. vol. 11, no. 1, Jan. 1996
[28] Joachim H. Pulsewidth Modulation—A Survey. IEEE Trans. On Industry Applications, Vol.39, No.5, Dec. 1992: 410~419
[29]孙炳达.自动控制原理.第二版.北京:机械工业出版社, 2005
[30]陈伯时.电力拖动自动控制系统.北京:机械工业出版社, 1996
[31]洪乃刚等.电力电子和电力拖动控制系统的MATLAB仿真[M].北京:机械工业出版社.2007
[32]王家文王皓刘海.MATLAB7.0编程基础[M].北京:机械工业出版社. 2005年07月
[33]求是科技. MATLAB7.0从入门到精通[M].北京:人民邮电出版社机械工业出版社. 2006年03月
[34]张崇巍,张兴.PWM整流器及其控制[M].北京:机械工业出版社,2003:6-12
[35] Ye Y, Kazerani M, Quintana V H. A novel modeling and control method for three-phase PWM converters .PESC. 2001 IEEE 32th Annual . 2001,1 : 102~107
[36]唐丽丽,郑琼林.单相PWM整流器主电路参数选择探讨.北方交通大学学报. 2000年第24卷第4期:98~102
[37]张兴,杨孝志,刘正之等.单相电压型PWM整流器交流侧电感的设计.合肥工业大学学报. 2004年第27卷第1期:31~34
[38]张燕宾.变频调速应用实践.机械工业出版社,2000:10~22
[39]唐丽丽,郑琼林.单相PWM整流器主电路参数选择探讨.北方交通大学学报. 2000年第24卷第4期:98~102
[40]屈莉莉,秦忆,杨兆华等. PWM高频整流技术.佛山科学技术学院学报. 2002年第19卷第2期:22~26
[41]赵振波.三相电压型PWM整流器及其控制策略研究:华北电力大学硕士学位论文.北京:华北电力大学图书馆,2002
[42]史伟伟,蒋全,胡敏强等.三相电压型PWM整流器的数学模型和主电路设计.东南大学学报. 2002年第32卷第1期:50~55
[43]王立欣,张宁,靳刚.VSR直流侧滤波电容的计算及实验分析.哈尔滨工业大学学报,2006,38(1):63~66
[44]刘和平,严利平,张学锋,卓清锋.TMS320LF240x DSP结构、原理及应用.北京航空航天大学出版社,2002:1~46
[45] TI Inc. TMS320C28X系列DSP的CPU与外设(上).张卫宁编译.北京:清华大学出版社,2004
[46] TI Inc. TMS320C28X系列DSP的CPU与外设(下).张卫宁编译.北京:清华大学出版社,2004