济阳坳陷原油中金的富集机理研究
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摘要
石油是当今世界重要的能源,而石油中赋存贵金属元素具有潜在的综合利用价值,这与当前石油高科技领域的研究相适应。
胜利油田某些原油样品中金的含量异常高。因此我们选取济阳坳陷为研究区,对济阳坳陷原油中的贵金属的来源方式、赋存状态以及潜在的经济价值等方面进行了综合的分析评价。研究对金的富集起主要作用的有机化合物在金的溶解(或吸附)、迁移和再沉积中的作用机理;查明原油中金的富集与幔源流体有关的证据。
为此我们对济阳坳陷中赋存贵金属的原油、原岩进行了取样、处理,结合有机抽提、族组分分离、色谱、质谱、电感耦合等离子质谱等分析手段,对原油、原岩进行测定分析,共分析测定48个样品。通过对原油族组分分离技术测定推断原油中贵金属的丰度特征以及赋存状态。利用原油、原岩的丰度变化探索贵重金属的来源及其迁移方式。
通过对济阳坳陷原油、原岩的组分样品的有机地球化学分析测定,结果表明济阳坳陷原油中金的富集与幔源流体有关系,与原油和源岩中的含硫芳香烃关系也很密切,通过ICP-MS试验得出靠近断裂带附近的样品中金的含量比远离断裂带的样品中金的含量要高,结合相应的地质资料,我们推断金的富集可能与郯庐断裂有关;同时该断裂带内的地幔源流体活动比较频繁,对金的溶解和迁移起到了很大的促进作用,对于样品中同沉积层的样品金的含量不同,靠近断裂带的样品金的含量比较高,所以我们可以说金元素来源与地幔流体。
Oil is the most important energy in the world. The research of precious metal which is enriched in crude oil has the potential utilization value at the same time it is compatible with the current high-tech field .
Gold contents in crude oils and source rocks samples is very high in Shengli Oilfield .So we choose the Jiyang Depression for our research area,synthetical analyse and evaluate the source, exist state and economy value of precious metals in Jiyang Depression .The purposes of this research are: finding the function of organic matters to the enrichment, migrating and depositing of gold, finding the relation between gold and mantle fluid.
To seek the fact, 48 samples were collected .we collect crude oil and source rock samples which is enriched in precious metals do a series of experiments such as, chloroform extraction, separation of group composition, gas chromatographic, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and inductive coupling plasma mass spectrometry and so on. The abundance characteristice and exist state of precious metals in crude oil were got by the experience of separation of group composition. Explore the source and the pattern of migration by the degree change of crude oil and source rock.
Analyze the crude oil and source rock samples by geochemical methods.The results indicate that the gold accumulation in Jiyang Depression is closely related to the mantle fluids and sulfur polycyclic aromatic hydrobarbon in oil and source rocks. The analysis of ICP-MS indicates that the gold contents of the samples near the deep faults are higher compared with samples far from the deep faults, together with corresponding geological, we can conclude that the gold enrichment was influenced by Tanlu fault. At the same time, the activity of mantle fluids is frequent and promotes the dissolution and migration of gold. All source rocks should have similar gold contents if they are from the same sedimentation stage. Therefore, gold elements could come from the mantle fluids because they enriched near the faults.
胜利油田某些原油样品中金的含量异常高。因此我们选取济阳坳陷为研究区,对济阳坳陷原油中的贵金属的来源方式、赋存状态以及潜在的经济价值等方面进行了综合的分析评价。研究对金的富集起主要作用的有机化合物在金的溶解(或吸附)、迁移和再沉积中的作用机理;查明原油中金的富集与幔源流体有关的证据。
为此我们对济阳坳陷中赋存贵金属的原油、原岩进行了取样、处理,结合有机抽提、族组分分离、色谱、质谱、电感耦合等离子质谱等分析手段,对原油、原岩进行测定分析,共分析测定48个样品。通过对原油族组分分离技术测定推断原油中贵金属的丰度特征以及赋存状态。利用原油、原岩的丰度变化探索贵重金属的来源及其迁移方式。
通过对济阳坳陷原油、原岩的组分样品的有机地球化学分析测定,结果表明济阳坳陷原油中金的富集与幔源流体有关系,与原油和源岩中的含硫芳香烃关系也很密切,通过ICP-MS试验得出靠近断裂带附近的样品中金的含量比远离断裂带的样品中金的含量要高,结合相应的地质资料,我们推断金的富集可能与郯庐断裂有关;同时该断裂带内的地幔源流体活动比较频繁,对金的溶解和迁移起到了很大的促进作用,对于样品中同沉积层的样品金的含量不同,靠近断裂带的样品金的含量比较高,所以我们可以说金元素来源与地幔流体。
Oil is the most important energy in the world. The research of precious metal which is enriched in crude oil has the potential utilization value at the same time it is compatible with the current high-tech field .
Gold contents in crude oils and source rocks samples is very high in Shengli Oilfield .So we choose the Jiyang Depression for our research area,synthetical analyse and evaluate the source, exist state and economy value of precious metals in Jiyang Depression .The purposes of this research are: finding the function of organic matters to the enrichment, migrating and depositing of gold, finding the relation between gold and mantle fluid.
To seek the fact, 48 samples were collected .we collect crude oil and source rock samples which is enriched in precious metals do a series of experiments such as, chloroform extraction, separation of group composition, gas chromatographic, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and inductive coupling plasma mass spectrometry and so on. The abundance characteristice and exist state of precious metals in crude oil were got by the experience of separation of group composition. Explore the source and the pattern of migration by the degree change of crude oil and source rock.
Analyze the crude oil and source rock samples by geochemical methods.The results indicate that the gold accumulation in Jiyang Depression is closely related to the mantle fluids and sulfur polycyclic aromatic hydrobarbon in oil and source rocks. The analysis of ICP-MS indicates that the gold contents of the samples near the deep faults are higher compared with samples far from the deep faults, together with corresponding geological, we can conclude that the gold enrichment was influenced by Tanlu fault. At the same time, the activity of mantle fluids is frequent and promotes the dissolution and migration of gold. All source rocks should have similar gold contents if they are from the same sedimentation stage. Therefore, gold elements could come from the mantle fluids because they enriched near the faults.
引文
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[2]杨申镳,李保利.济阳坳陷原油中贵金属和稀土元素的副参特征及其潜在的经济意义[R].东营:胜利石油管理局地质科学研究院,1993
[3]华仁民,杨申镳,李保利,董冬.济阳凹陷原油及油田水中金银等元素含量研究[J].高校地质学报,2001,7(3):345~350
[4]涂光炽等.中国层控矿床地球化学[M].北京:科学出版社,1988,V(III)
[5]叶连俊等.生物有机质成矿作用和成矿背景[M].北京:海洋出版社,1998
[6] Kettler R M,Waldo G S,Penner-Hahn J E et al.Sulfidation of organic matter associated with gold mineralization,Pueblo Viejo,Dominican Republic[J].Applied Geochemistry 5,1990,237~248
[7] Kovalevskii A L,Kovalevskaya O M.Biogeochemical haloes of gold in various species and parts of plants[J].Applied Geochemistry 4,1989,369~374
[8] Lin M Y.Relationship of gold enrichment and fossil communities of the Changxing Formation, Permian in Jiao-Zi-Shan,Southwest Guizhou[J].Berichte der Deutschen Mineralogischen Gesellschaft,Beiheft zum European Journal of Mineralogy 9,1997,pp.228
[9] Mao J W,Li Y Q,Goldfarb R et al.Fluid inclusion and noble gas studies of the Dongping Gold deposit,Hebei Province,China:A mantle connection for mineralization[J].Economic Geology 98,2003,517~534
[10] Puddephatt R J.The Chemistry of Gold[M].Elsevier,Amsterdam,1978,274
[11]林丽.现代绿藻和蓝细菌富集金的模拟实验[J].成都理工学院学报,1994,21(4):42~44
[12] Greene B,M Hosea,R McPherson et al.Interaction of Gold(I) and Gold(III) complexes with algal biomass[J].Environ.Scl.Technol.20,1986,627~632
[13] Berndt M E,Buttram T,Earley III D et al.The stability of gold polysulfide complexes in aqueous sulfide solutions:100 to 150℃and 100 bars[J].Geochem.Cosmochim.1994,Acta 58:587～594
[14] Gatellier J P,Disnar J R.Kinetics and mechanism of the Au(III) to Au(0) by sedimentary organic materials[J].Organic Geochemistry 16,1990,631~640
[15] Elschenbroich C, Salzer A.Organometall chemie[M].Teubner Stuttgart,1988,224
[16] Baker W E.The role of humic acid in the transport of gold[J].Geochem.Cosmochim,1978, Acta 42:645~649
[17] Stefánsson A,Seward T M.The hydrolysis of gold(I) in aqueous solutions to 600°c and 1500 bar [J].Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 67,2003,1677~1688
[18] Heitt D G,Dunbar W W,Thompson T B et al.Geology and geochemistry of the Deep Star Golddeposit,Carlin trend,Nevada[J].Economic Geology 98,2003,1107~1135
[19]赫英.地幔深部过程与金富集成矿研究取得重要进展[J].矿床地质,2002,136
[20] Gatellier J P,Disnar J R.Organic matter and gold-ore association in a hydrothermal deposit[J]. Applied Geochemistry 4,1989,143~149
[21]朱有光,蒋敬业.金矿地球化学找矿[M].北京:中国地质大学出版社,1993
[22] Bowell R. J., Gize A. P. and Foster R. P. The role of fulvic acid in the supergene migration of gold in tropical rain forest soils[J]. Geochim. Cosmochim.1993,Acta 57:4179~4190
[23] Sun Yuzhuang. Influences of the basin brines on organic matter in the Kupferschiefer from southwest Poland[M]. Scientific Publishing Canada,1999:94~128
[24] Emsbo P,Hofstra A H,Lauha E A et al.Origin of high-grade gold ore,source of fluid component,and genesis of the Meikle and Neighboring Carlin-type deposits,Northern Carlin Trend,Nevada[J].Economic Geology 98,2003,1069~1100
[25]赫英,景文,王瑞廷等.幔源岩浆去气形成二氧化碳形成含金流体-可能性与现实性[J].地学前沿,2002,8(4):265~270
[26]邵军.吉林东南部地幔活动与金的成矿作用[J].贵金属地质,19998(4):229~236
[27]孙忠实,邓军,翟裕生等.幔源含金流体主动就位与容矿断裂形成机制[J].地质地球化学,1999,27(4):17~23
[28]邓军,杨立强,方云等.胶东地区壳-幔作用与金成矿效应[J].地质科学,2000,35(1):60~70
[29]毛景文,赫英,丁悌平.胶东金矿形成期间地幔流体参与成矿过程的碳氧氢同位素证据[J].矿床地质,2002,21(2):121~128
[30]吴桂祥.淮胶辽地区构造演化与金成矿特征探讨[J].黄金,2002,23(6):5~8
[31]黄太岭.胶莱盆地地球化学参数特征及赋金层位[J].物探及化探,2000,24(5):363～367
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