山区高等级公路路侧绿化景观安全评价及合理构建模式研究
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摘要
论文通过收集和查阅相关文献,在对国内外有关高等级公路景观设计、公路景观评价进行系统综述的基础上,分析我国高等级公路景观建设与评价存在的问题,在路侧绿化景观对道路行车安全的评价指标体系和路侧绿化景观的构建模式等方面进行了深入研究。论文的主要研究内容和成果如下：
(1)简要介绍高等级公路、公路景观和景观评价等相关概念,从驾驶舒适性和行车安全性的角度出发,分析路侧绿化景观对行车安全的影响因素,根据评价指标体系构建的原则,提出了一套比较系统的高等级路侧绿化景观对行车安全影响的评价指标体系。通过分析、比较现有的景观评价方法,将未确知测度评价法引入到高等级公路景观安全评价领域,对未确知测度评价法做了详细的介绍。实例验证表明,未确知测度评价法计算方便、科学合理,为公路绿化景观安全评价提供了一种新思路。
(2)在张家界至桑植公路上进行了实验研究。根据道路综合分段法将张家界至桑植公路分为8段,分别在这8个路段上开展实车测试实验,记录驾驶员在各个路段的心率变化,并同步拍摄各个路段的路侧绿化景观,由此获取各个路段的评价指标值。
(3)根据已建立的评价指标体系,选用熵值法确定各个评价指标的权重,运用未确知测度评价法对张桑路和张青路各个路段的路侧绿化景观进行安全评价,其中路段L8评价等级为中,其余路段评价等级为良。进一步对各个路段路侧绿化景观的安全等级进行了排序,从低到高依次L2 (4)结合公路景观的特点、高等级公路路侧绿化景观的功能要求,特别是行车安全要求和公路路侧绿化景观的构建原则,对路侧绿化景观的构建模式做了深入的理论研究。由此分别针对中央分隔带、路基边坡绿化景观、互通立交区绿化景观和隧道洞口绿化景观各自的特点,提出不同构建模式,并结合在建张花公路的实际情况提出了相应的概念化设计。所得结论对高等级公路路侧绿化景观的构建具有指导意义。
Based on summarizing of highway landscape design and evaluation both in domestic and abroad by collecting and looking up document, the problems existed in the construction and evaluation of highway landscape in our country were analyzed. The research on evaluation index system of driving safety and construction model of roadside afforesting landscape was carried out for further. The research contents and results in this paper are mainly as follows:
(1) The related concepts of highway, highway landscape and landscape evaluation were introduced briefly. From the point of driving comfortable and driving safety, the impact of roadside landscape on driving safety was analyzed. According to the principle of construction for evaluation system, an evaluation system for assessing the impact of roadside landscape of highway on driving safety was established. Through analysis and comparison on method for evaluation of landscape existed, the unascertained measure evaluation was introduced into the field of highway landscape evaluation. The method was described in detail. The evaluation results show that the unascertained measure method is reasonable and can be applied as a new way for highway landscape safety evaluation.
(2) Experimental research was performed on the highway from Zhang jiajie to Sang zhi. According to comprehensive piecewise method, the highway from Zhang jiajie to Sang zhi was divided into eight sections where the experiment in real car was carried out. In order to get each index value, the heart rate was recorded, and the roadside landscape of each road section was photographed at the same time.
(3)According to the system of evaluation which has been established, the weight of each evaluation index was confirmed by using the entropy method, the roadside greening landscape of each section was evaluated by using the unascertained measure evaluation method. The results showed that the section L8 was evaluated as middle grade, the other sections were considered as excellent grade. Then, the security level of each roadside landscape was sequenced, as follows:section 2 (4) Combined with the characteristics of highway landscape, the functional requirements and the construction principles of highway roadside landscape, the construction model of roadside landscape has been studied thoroughly in theory. Through analyzing the characteristics of central separate belt, landscape of subgrade slope, landscape of interlinked flyover region and tunnel entrance landscape, diverse models were raised. These models should be instructive to the construction of highway landscape in the future.
(1)简要介绍高等级公路、公路景观和景观评价等相关概念,从驾驶舒适性和行车安全性的角度出发,分析路侧绿化景观对行车安全的影响因素,根据评价指标体系构建的原则,提出了一套比较系统的高等级路侧绿化景观对行车安全影响的评价指标体系。通过分析、比较现有的景观评价方法,将未确知测度评价法引入到高等级公路景观安全评价领域,对未确知测度评价法做了详细的介绍。实例验证表明,未确知测度评价法计算方便、科学合理,为公路绿化景观安全评价提供了一种新思路。
(2)在张家界至桑植公路上进行了实验研究。根据道路综合分段法将张家界至桑植公路分为8段,分别在这8个路段上开展实车测试实验,记录驾驶员在各个路段的心率变化,并同步拍摄各个路段的路侧绿化景观,由此获取各个路段的评价指标值。
(3)根据已建立的评价指标体系,选用熵值法确定各个评价指标的权重,运用未确知测度评价法对张桑路和张青路各个路段的路侧绿化景观进行安全评价,其中路段L8评价等级为中,其余路段评价等级为良。进一步对各个路段路侧绿化景观的安全等级进行了排序,从低到高依次L2
Based on summarizing of highway landscape design and evaluation both in domestic and abroad by collecting and looking up document, the problems existed in the construction and evaluation of highway landscape in our country were analyzed. The research on evaluation index system of driving safety and construction model of roadside afforesting landscape was carried out for further. The research contents and results in this paper are mainly as follows:
(1) The related concepts of highway, highway landscape and landscape evaluation were introduced briefly. From the point of driving comfortable and driving safety, the impact of roadside landscape on driving safety was analyzed. According to the principle of construction for evaluation system, an evaluation system for assessing the impact of roadside landscape of highway on driving safety was established. Through analysis and comparison on method for evaluation of landscape existed, the unascertained measure evaluation was introduced into the field of highway landscape evaluation. The method was described in detail. The evaluation results show that the unascertained measure method is reasonable and can be applied as a new way for highway landscape safety evaluation.
(2) Experimental research was performed on the highway from Zhang jiajie to Sang zhi. According to comprehensive piecewise method, the highway from Zhang jiajie to Sang zhi was divided into eight sections where the experiment in real car was carried out. In order to get each index value, the heart rate was recorded, and the roadside landscape of each road section was photographed at the same time.
(3)According to the system of evaluation which has been established, the weight of each evaluation index was confirmed by using the entropy method, the roadside greening landscape of each section was evaluated by using the unascertained measure evaluation method. The results showed that the section L8 was evaluated as middle grade, the other sections were considered as excellent grade. Then, the security level of each roadside landscape was sequenced, as follows:section 2
引文
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