川南须家河组低渗透储层特征及测井预测
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摘要
川南上三叠统须家河组碎屑岩储层是油气勘探的重要领域和层系之一,由于其埋深较深,成岩作用较强,储层多为低孔低渗的致密储层,勘探难度很大,因此深入研究其储层特征及分布规律具有重要意义。
本文以沉积学、储层地质学及测井地质学等理论和方法为指导,以川南须家河组地层为研究对象,开展了沉积相、储层特征及储层测井预测的研究。
通过对研究区野外剖面及钻井岩芯系统、细致的观察,结合录井、测井及区域资料,采用宏观和微观分析相结合的手段,在须家河组中识别出1个沉积相组、2个沉积相及众多的亚相、微相类型,并建立了沉积模式。
研究区须家河组岩石类型以岩屑长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩为主,总体物性较差,属低孔特低渗储层。储层发育粒间孔、粒内溶孔、铸模孔、晶间微孔、粒缘缝和破裂缝等6种类型,其孔喉结构较差,孔喉关系以中、小孔～细喉组合为主。根据对成岩作用的特点及成岩作用阶段划分标志的综合分析,须家河组目前主要处于中成岩A期,对储层发育具有重要作用的是长石的强烈溶蚀和绿泥石的环边胶结。储层发育主控因素中沉积作用是基础,成岩作用是关键,构造作用是储层高产的重要条件。
在详细分析储层四性特征、孔隙结构特征基础上,对储层物性下限进行了研究,综合分析认为,川南须家河组储层物性下限为孔隙度5%,并将研究区须家河组储层分为4类,研究区储层以Ⅱ～Ⅲ储层为主。
对储层测井定量预测进行了系统、深入研究,在测井资料标准化的基础上,以岩心物性分析资料为依据,建立储层测井解释模型,并进行模型可信度分析,进而对储层平面分布进行预测。根据沉积相带展布和储层平面分布规律,结合成岩相研究成果,对川南须家河主要储层段进行有利区预测。
The reservoir of Xujiahe Formation of the Upper Triassic clastic reservoir is one of the key stratum series in the southern Sichuan basin. Due to the pay formation was buried deeply and violent diagensis, it is the reservoir with low porosity and low permeability, which is very difficult to explore. Therefore, it is necessary to make research into Xujiahe Formation of the Upper Triassic reservoir characteristics and distribution.
Base on the sedimentology, reservoir geology, logging, other theories and methods , the sedimentary facies, reservoir characteristics and reservoir logging prediction of Xujiahe Formation in the southern Sichuan have been stduied.
One group sedimentary facies, two sedimentary facies and many subfacies, microfacies types have been recognized and the depositional models have been established by macroscopical and microcosmic research methods, basing on the detailedly observation of field profile and core, combinated with the data of mud log, conventional log and regional geological condition.
The types of petrology in the study area are mainly lithic feldspar sandstone and feldspar lithic sandstone, which overall properties is poor, and belongs to the low porosity and a low-permeability reservoirs. The main pore spaces are intergranular pore, intragranular dissolved, porosity, Molds hole, intergranular porous, grain -edged fractures and fractures. And its pore structure is poor,which belongs to medium-thin throat-eyelet type mainly.
Based on the comprehensive analysis of the characteristics and stage of diagenesis, The diagenetic stage of Xujiahe Formation is mainly in the middle diagenetic A period . It is the dissolution of feldspar and the strong chlorite-cement ring that plays an important role to the development of the reservoir. The sedimentary facies, diagenesis, and tectonic are the main cont rolling factors of the reservoir quality.
On the basis of detailedly analysis the corresponding relation among the "four charater" about reservoir characteristics and the pore structure characteristics, the lower limit of reservoirs have been studied, which porosity is 5%. The Xujiahe Reservoir were divided into four categories, and the reservoir of study area is mainly reservoir II - III.
Having the system, further analysis to logging quantitative prediction of reservoir, on the basis of logging data standardization, and analysis the core properties, establishing the reservoir log interpretation models, and analysis reliability of the model, then the distribution of reservoir can be forecasted. According to distribution of sedimentary facies and reservoir , with the results of diagenesis facies research, the favorable area of the reservoir in southern Sichuan Xujiahe Formation can be predicted.
本文以沉积学、储层地质学及测井地质学等理论和方法为指导,以川南须家河组地层为研究对象,开展了沉积相、储层特征及储层测井预测的研究。
通过对研究区野外剖面及钻井岩芯系统、细致的观察,结合录井、测井及区域资料,采用宏观和微观分析相结合的手段,在须家河组中识别出1个沉积相组、2个沉积相及众多的亚相、微相类型,并建立了沉积模式。
研究区须家河组岩石类型以岩屑长石砂岩和长石岩屑砂岩为主,总体物性较差,属低孔特低渗储层。储层发育粒间孔、粒内溶孔、铸模孔、晶间微孔、粒缘缝和破裂缝等6种类型,其孔喉结构较差,孔喉关系以中、小孔～细喉组合为主。根据对成岩作用的特点及成岩作用阶段划分标志的综合分析,须家河组目前主要处于中成岩A期,对储层发育具有重要作用的是长石的强烈溶蚀和绿泥石的环边胶结。储层发育主控因素中沉积作用是基础,成岩作用是关键,构造作用是储层高产的重要条件。
在详细分析储层四性特征、孔隙结构特征基础上,对储层物性下限进行了研究,综合分析认为,川南须家河组储层物性下限为孔隙度5%,并将研究区须家河组储层分为4类,研究区储层以Ⅱ～Ⅲ储层为主。
对储层测井定量预测进行了系统、深入研究,在测井资料标准化的基础上,以岩心物性分析资料为依据,建立储层测井解释模型,并进行模型可信度分析,进而对储层平面分布进行预测。根据沉积相带展布和储层平面分布规律,结合成岩相研究成果,对川南须家河主要储层段进行有利区预测。
The reservoir of Xujiahe Formation of the Upper Triassic clastic reservoir is one of the key stratum series in the southern Sichuan basin. Due to the pay formation was buried deeply and violent diagensis, it is the reservoir with low porosity and low permeability, which is very difficult to explore. Therefore, it is necessary to make research into Xujiahe Formation of the Upper Triassic reservoir characteristics and distribution.
Base on the sedimentology, reservoir geology, logging, other theories and methods , the sedimentary facies, reservoir characteristics and reservoir logging prediction of Xujiahe Formation in the southern Sichuan have been stduied.
One group sedimentary facies, two sedimentary facies and many subfacies, microfacies types have been recognized and the depositional models have been established by macroscopical and microcosmic research methods, basing on the detailedly observation of field profile and core, combinated with the data of mud log, conventional log and regional geological condition.
The types of petrology in the study area are mainly lithic feldspar sandstone and feldspar lithic sandstone, which overall properties is poor, and belongs to the low porosity and a low-permeability reservoirs. The main pore spaces are intergranular pore, intragranular dissolved, porosity, Molds hole, intergranular porous, grain -edged fractures and fractures. And its pore structure is poor,which belongs to medium-thin throat-eyelet type mainly.
Based on the comprehensive analysis of the characteristics and stage of diagenesis, The diagenetic stage of Xujiahe Formation is mainly in the middle diagenetic A period . It is the dissolution of feldspar and the strong chlorite-cement ring that plays an important role to the development of the reservoir. The sedimentary facies, diagenesis, and tectonic are the main cont rolling factors of the reservoir quality.
On the basis of detailedly analysis the corresponding relation among the "four charater" about reservoir characteristics and the pore structure characteristics, the lower limit of reservoirs have been studied, which porosity is 5%. The Xujiahe Reservoir were divided into four categories, and the reservoir of study area is mainly reservoir II - III.
Having the system, further analysis to logging quantitative prediction of reservoir, on the basis of logging data standardization, and analysis the core properties, establishing the reservoir log interpretation models, and analysis reliability of the model, then the distribution of reservoir can be forecasted. According to distribution of sedimentary facies and reservoir , with the results of diagenesis facies research, the favorable area of the reservoir in southern Sichuan Xujiahe Formation can be predicted.
引文
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