三江北段玉树地区复合造山与成矿作用研究
|
摘要
青海玉树地区位于我国著名的“三江”铜多金属成矿带的北延部分,具有巨大的成矿潜力。本研究通过对北羌塘陆块内部火山岩和玉树缝合带内花岗岩的锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb年代学、地球化学分析,结合构造-岩浆活动和岩相学特征,进行晚古生代—中生代构造单元划分和构造演化研究。在对玉树-囊谦构造带进行新生代构造演化、变形研究的基础上,结合斑岩钼铜矿和铅锌矿的成矿年龄测定,进行三江北段玉树地区新生代构造特征与成矿作用研究。
三江北段玉树地区经历了两个关键地质过程的复合叠加,即晚古生代—早中生代俯冲、碰撞造山过程和新生代碰撞转换造山的过程。晚古生代—早中生代主要形成玉树火山杂岩带,在北羌塘陆块基础上形成二叠纪-三叠纪陆缘弧带,火山杂岩带北侧形成巴颜喀拉浊积岩带,新生代碰撞-转换造山阶段形成走滑断裂和大规模逆冲推覆构造。
玉树火山杂岩带内岩石经历了强烈挤压和多层次的构造变形,普遍发生绿片岩相的浅变质作用,形成“扇状”推覆体叠盖在两侧构造单元上。带内主要发育褶皱、透镜体、构造面理和小型断裂,反映同碰撞过程中的挤压变形。玉树火山杂岩带广泛分布着已强烈变形的基性岩脉和花岗闪长质侵入体,而代表同碰撞的花岗岩广泛分布于玉树火山杂岩带和巴颜喀拉浊积岩带内,而羌塘地块内部很少发育花岗闪长岩类,这一岩浆岩的时空分布特征可为金沙江洋在玉树地区向南俯冲和构造单元的划分提供很好的佐证。
二叠纪俯冲造山在北羌塘陆块形成纳日贡玛-子曲陆缘弧火山岩带,火山岩的锆石LA-ICPMSU-Pb年龄为275.4 Ma、273.3Ma,岩石地球化学特征显示富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损高场强元素(HFSE),具有岛弧火山岩的特征,火山岩具有较高的~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf和εHf(t)值,指示岩浆源区应具有上涌的亏损软流圈地幔物质加入。
三叠纪陆缘活动形成火山岩和岩浆弧花岗岩。东莫扎抓矿区火山岩锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb年龄为236.6±1.9Ma和238.3±4.0Ma,火山岩地球化学和锆石稀土元素、Hf同位素特征显示具有陆缘弧火山岩的特征。岩浆弧花岗岩侵入于玉树火山杂岩中,两件黑云母花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄分别为235.2±1.2Ma和228.7±1.2Ma,除个别外,样品普遍富硅和碱质组分,贫P_2O_5和TiO_2等组分,总体属钙碱性系列,三件花岗岩样品主量元素特征具有很好的相关性,显示明显的结晶分异作用,样品微量元素特征和稀土元素分布形式与岩浆弧花岗岩相似,岩石从闪长岩→石英闪长岩→花岗闪长岩→黑云母花岗岩,稀土元素呈现轻稀土越来越富集,重稀土越来越亏损,稀土分馏越来越明显的特点,认为该花岗岩类是金沙江洋俯冲阶段的产物。
与二叠纪和三叠纪活动陆缘有关的陆缘弧火山岩带反映金沙江洋壳发生消减、洋-陆构造体制转换和大陆地壳向北增生的过程。但是,晚古生代—早中生代的造山作用在三江北段玉树地区并没有大量发育类似于三江构造带中-南段弧后扩张(裂谷)环境的“双峰式”岩石组合,没有发育大规模碰撞造山阶段的火山岩和后碰撞伸展作用,可能对晚古生代—早中生代的成矿作用不利。
新生代碰撞-转换造山作用在三江北段形成两种构造变形样式,即走滑拉张和挤压汇聚,在走滑拉张的背景下形成走滑断裂、走滑拉分盆地和富碱质侵入岩、钾质-超钾质火山岩,挤压汇聚背景下形成大型逆冲推覆构造系统,逆冲推覆构造系统在逆冲方向上由南向北分为根带、中带和前锋带,各带之间分别以主逆冲断裂相隔。对应于两种构造变形样式,研究区形成两套成矿系统,即晚碰撞阶段走滑断裂控制的斑岩成矿系统和逆冲推覆构造控制的热液成矿系统,前者形成纳日贡玛斑岩型钼铜矿床,其成矿年龄为40.86±0.85Ma(Re-Os法),并呈现出整个三江地区由北向南斑岩侵位年龄和成矿年龄逐渐变新的趋势;逆冲推覆构造控制的热液成矿系统形成东莫扎抓和莫海拉亨铅锌矿床,矿床形成于逆冲推覆构造的前锋带内,矿体多产在叠瓦状逆冲断层的上(下)盘破碎带或反冲断层附近,成矿年龄为35.03±0.89Ma和34.0±1.1Ma(Rb-Sr法)。
Qinghai Yushu area,with huge metallogenic potential,is located in the northern segment of the famous Sanjiang copper polymetallic mineralization belt.This thesis's objective is to research the division of tectonic units and tectonic evolution of late Palaeozoic early Mesozoic through zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb chronology and geochemical analyses for volcanic rocks in North Qiangtang block and granites in Yushu suture zone,as well as study on tectono-magmatic activities and petro-graphic features.Based on the study of Cenozoic evolution and deformation in Yushu- Nangqian structural belt,combining metallogenic age determination of molybdenum(copper) porphyry deposits and lead zinc deposits,we explore the relationships betweeen Cenozoic structural characteristics and metallogenesis in Yushu area.
Multiple superimposion was experienced because of two key geological processes,which are subduction of oceanic crust and collision orogeny of late Palaeozoic-early Mesozoic.The Yushu volcanic complex was formed during late Palaeozoic-early Mesozoic;the Pero-Triassic epicontinental arc volcanic rock belt was formed on the basis of North Qiangtang Block.To the north of the volcanic rock belt developed the Bayankala turbidite belt;Cenozoic collisional transformation orogen developed the strike-slip fault and large-scale thrust nappe.
The volcanic rock belt in Yushu has experienced strong contraction deformation,thus the green schist phase of low-degree metamorphism was widely developed and the fanlike nappe overlapped the tectonic units on both sides.Within the belt,folds,lens,structural foliation and small faults are developed and indicates the syn-collision contraction.Besides,strongly deformed mafic dikes and granodiorite intrusions are also widely distributed in the belt;while the syn-collision granits occur both in the volcanic belt and Bayankala turbidite belt.In contrast,granodiorite rarely occurs in the Qiangtang Block.Such distribution of granodiorite generally supports the southwards subduction of Jinshajiang Ocean and tectonic division.
The Permian subduction produced the Narigongma-Ziqu epicontinent arc volcanic belt in the North Qiangtang Block.The LA-ICPMS U-Pb age of the zircon in these volcanic rocks are 275.4 Ma,273.3Ma. Geochemical features demonstrate that these rocks are of arc volcanic by being rich in large ion lithophile elements(LILE),and poor in high field strength elements(HFSE).These rocks are also rich in ~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf andεHf(t),which indicate that the source region of magma may have materials from defective upwelling asthenosphere mantle.
The epicontinental activities resulted in volcanic and magmatic arc granites.The zircon ages of volcanic rocks in Dongmozhazhua diposits are 236.6±1.9Ma and 238.3±4.0Ma.The epicontinental arc volcanic feature was indicated by the characteriscs of geochemical data,REE elements and Hf isotope of zircon.Magmatic arc volcanic intruded the Yushu volcanic belt and the zircon ages of two biotite granites are 235.2±1.2Ma and 228.7±1.2Ma.Most of the specimens generally belong to the calc-alkaline series, which are rich in Silicon and alkaline components and poor in P_2O_5和TiO_2.The major elements feature of three granite specimens are closely related and suggest obvious crystallization differentiation.The distribution characteristics of trace elements and rare earth elements for granites form are similar with magmatic arc granites.From diorite through quartz diorite,granodiorite to biotite granite,rare earth elements show increasing enrichment in LREE,gradually depleting in HREE,LREE fractionation characteristics become increasingly evident that the granite should be products of the subduction of Jinshajiang ocean.
The epicontinental arc volcanics related to the Permo-Triassic activities suggest the subduction of the Jinshajiang oceanic crust,and the ocean-continent tectonic regime transformation and the northward accretion of continental crust.Within the Yushu area,these is neither large quantity of rocks which are similar to the "bimodal" volcanic rocks formed in the back-arc spreading environment such as those in the middle-southern segment of Sanjiang tectonic belt,nor volcanic rocks in the environment of large-scale orogenic collision and post-collision extension,which maybe be unfavorable influence for metallogenesis in late Paleozoic-early Mesozoic.
Cenozoic collisional transformation orogen is expressed in two deformation styles,i.e.strike-slip spreading and compressional convergence.The former resulted in strike-slip faults,pull-apart basins and alkaili-rich intrusive rocks,potassic to ultra-potassic volcanic rocks;and the compressional convergence produced the large-scale thrust faults system.This system could be divided from the south to the north into root thrust zone,middle thrust zone and front thrust zone,which are separated by main thrust faults. Corresponding to these two deformation styles,two ore-forming system are developed in the studied area. One is late-collision porphyry ore-forming system(40.86±0.85Ma in age of Re-Os),which is controlled by strike-slip faults,produced the Narigongma porphyry molybdenum-copper deposits and the ages of porphyry intrusions and mineralization ages become increasingly young from the north to the south in Sanjiang area.The other is hydrothermal ore-forming system which is controlled by thrust faults system and produced Dongmozhazhua and Mohailaheng lead-zinc deposits.These two deposits occurs in the front thrust zone of the thrust faults system at 35.03±0.89 Ma and 34.0±1.1Ma(in age of Rb-Sr) respectively and their orebodies are formed in fracture zones or back thrust areas in the upper or lower plate of the imbricate thrust faults.
三江北段玉树地区经历了两个关键地质过程的复合叠加,即晚古生代—早中生代俯冲、碰撞造山过程和新生代碰撞转换造山的过程。晚古生代—早中生代主要形成玉树火山杂岩带,在北羌塘陆块基础上形成二叠纪-三叠纪陆缘弧带,火山杂岩带北侧形成巴颜喀拉浊积岩带,新生代碰撞-转换造山阶段形成走滑断裂和大规模逆冲推覆构造。
玉树火山杂岩带内岩石经历了强烈挤压和多层次的构造变形,普遍发生绿片岩相的浅变质作用,形成“扇状”推覆体叠盖在两侧构造单元上。带内主要发育褶皱、透镜体、构造面理和小型断裂,反映同碰撞过程中的挤压变形。玉树火山杂岩带广泛分布着已强烈变形的基性岩脉和花岗闪长质侵入体,而代表同碰撞的花岗岩广泛分布于玉树火山杂岩带和巴颜喀拉浊积岩带内,而羌塘地块内部很少发育花岗闪长岩类,这一岩浆岩的时空分布特征可为金沙江洋在玉树地区向南俯冲和构造单元的划分提供很好的佐证。
二叠纪俯冲造山在北羌塘陆块形成纳日贡玛-子曲陆缘弧火山岩带,火山岩的锆石LA-ICPMSU-Pb年龄为275.4 Ma、273.3Ma,岩石地球化学特征显示富集大离子亲石元素(LILE),亏损高场强元素(HFSE),具有岛弧火山岩的特征,火山岩具有较高的~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf和εHf(t)值,指示岩浆源区应具有上涌的亏损软流圈地幔物质加入。
三叠纪陆缘活动形成火山岩和岩浆弧花岗岩。东莫扎抓矿区火山岩锆石LA-ICPMS U-Pb年龄为236.6±1.9Ma和238.3±4.0Ma,火山岩地球化学和锆石稀土元素、Hf同位素特征显示具有陆缘弧火山岩的特征。岩浆弧花岗岩侵入于玉树火山杂岩中,两件黑云母花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄分别为235.2±1.2Ma和228.7±1.2Ma,除个别外,样品普遍富硅和碱质组分,贫P_2O_5和TiO_2等组分,总体属钙碱性系列,三件花岗岩样品主量元素特征具有很好的相关性,显示明显的结晶分异作用,样品微量元素特征和稀土元素分布形式与岩浆弧花岗岩相似,岩石从闪长岩→石英闪长岩→花岗闪长岩→黑云母花岗岩,稀土元素呈现轻稀土越来越富集,重稀土越来越亏损,稀土分馏越来越明显的特点,认为该花岗岩类是金沙江洋俯冲阶段的产物。
与二叠纪和三叠纪活动陆缘有关的陆缘弧火山岩带反映金沙江洋壳发生消减、洋-陆构造体制转换和大陆地壳向北增生的过程。但是,晚古生代—早中生代的造山作用在三江北段玉树地区并没有大量发育类似于三江构造带中-南段弧后扩张(裂谷)环境的“双峰式”岩石组合,没有发育大规模碰撞造山阶段的火山岩和后碰撞伸展作用,可能对晚古生代—早中生代的成矿作用不利。
新生代碰撞-转换造山作用在三江北段形成两种构造变形样式,即走滑拉张和挤压汇聚,在走滑拉张的背景下形成走滑断裂、走滑拉分盆地和富碱质侵入岩、钾质-超钾质火山岩,挤压汇聚背景下形成大型逆冲推覆构造系统,逆冲推覆构造系统在逆冲方向上由南向北分为根带、中带和前锋带,各带之间分别以主逆冲断裂相隔。对应于两种构造变形样式,研究区形成两套成矿系统,即晚碰撞阶段走滑断裂控制的斑岩成矿系统和逆冲推覆构造控制的热液成矿系统,前者形成纳日贡玛斑岩型钼铜矿床,其成矿年龄为40.86±0.85Ma(Re-Os法),并呈现出整个三江地区由北向南斑岩侵位年龄和成矿年龄逐渐变新的趋势;逆冲推覆构造控制的热液成矿系统形成东莫扎抓和莫海拉亨铅锌矿床,矿床形成于逆冲推覆构造的前锋带内,矿体多产在叠瓦状逆冲断层的上(下)盘破碎带或反冲断层附近,成矿年龄为35.03±0.89Ma和34.0±1.1Ma(Rb-Sr法)。
Qinghai Yushu area,with huge metallogenic potential,is located in the northern segment of the famous Sanjiang copper polymetallic mineralization belt.This thesis's objective is to research the division of tectonic units and tectonic evolution of late Palaeozoic early Mesozoic through zircon LA-ICP-MS U-Pb chronology and geochemical analyses for volcanic rocks in North Qiangtang block and granites in Yushu suture zone,as well as study on tectono-magmatic activities and petro-graphic features.Based on the study of Cenozoic evolution and deformation in Yushu- Nangqian structural belt,combining metallogenic age determination of molybdenum(copper) porphyry deposits and lead zinc deposits,we explore the relationships betweeen Cenozoic structural characteristics and metallogenesis in Yushu area.
Multiple superimposion was experienced because of two key geological processes,which are subduction of oceanic crust and collision orogeny of late Palaeozoic-early Mesozoic.The Yushu volcanic complex was formed during late Palaeozoic-early Mesozoic;the Pero-Triassic epicontinental arc volcanic rock belt was formed on the basis of North Qiangtang Block.To the north of the volcanic rock belt developed the Bayankala turbidite belt;Cenozoic collisional transformation orogen developed the strike-slip fault and large-scale thrust nappe.
The volcanic rock belt in Yushu has experienced strong contraction deformation,thus the green schist phase of low-degree metamorphism was widely developed and the fanlike nappe overlapped the tectonic units on both sides.Within the belt,folds,lens,structural foliation and small faults are developed and indicates the syn-collision contraction.Besides,strongly deformed mafic dikes and granodiorite intrusions are also widely distributed in the belt;while the syn-collision granits occur both in the volcanic belt and Bayankala turbidite belt.In contrast,granodiorite rarely occurs in the Qiangtang Block.Such distribution of granodiorite generally supports the southwards subduction of Jinshajiang Ocean and tectonic division.
The Permian subduction produced the Narigongma-Ziqu epicontinent arc volcanic belt in the North Qiangtang Block.The LA-ICPMS U-Pb age of the zircon in these volcanic rocks are 275.4 Ma,273.3Ma. Geochemical features demonstrate that these rocks are of arc volcanic by being rich in large ion lithophile elements(LILE),and poor in high field strength elements(HFSE).These rocks are also rich in ~(176)Hf/~(177)Hf andεHf(t),which indicate that the source region of magma may have materials from defective upwelling asthenosphere mantle.
The epicontinental activities resulted in volcanic and magmatic arc granites.The zircon ages of volcanic rocks in Dongmozhazhua diposits are 236.6±1.9Ma and 238.3±4.0Ma.The epicontinental arc volcanic feature was indicated by the characteriscs of geochemical data,REE elements and Hf isotope of zircon.Magmatic arc volcanic intruded the Yushu volcanic belt and the zircon ages of two biotite granites are 235.2±1.2Ma and 228.7±1.2Ma.Most of the specimens generally belong to the calc-alkaline series, which are rich in Silicon and alkaline components and poor in P_2O_5和TiO_2.The major elements feature of three granite specimens are closely related and suggest obvious crystallization differentiation.The distribution characteristics of trace elements and rare earth elements for granites form are similar with magmatic arc granites.From diorite through quartz diorite,granodiorite to biotite granite,rare earth elements show increasing enrichment in LREE,gradually depleting in HREE,LREE fractionation characteristics become increasingly evident that the granite should be products of the subduction of Jinshajiang ocean.
The epicontinental arc volcanics related to the Permo-Triassic activities suggest the subduction of the Jinshajiang oceanic crust,and the ocean-continent tectonic regime transformation and the northward accretion of continental crust.Within the Yushu area,these is neither large quantity of rocks which are similar to the "bimodal" volcanic rocks formed in the back-arc spreading environment such as those in the middle-southern segment of Sanjiang tectonic belt,nor volcanic rocks in the environment of large-scale orogenic collision and post-collision extension,which maybe be unfavorable influence for metallogenesis in late Paleozoic-early Mesozoic.
Cenozoic collisional transformation orogen is expressed in two deformation styles,i.e.strike-slip spreading and compressional convergence.The former resulted in strike-slip faults,pull-apart basins and alkaili-rich intrusive rocks,potassic to ultra-potassic volcanic rocks;and the compressional convergence produced the large-scale thrust faults system.This system could be divided from the south to the north into root thrust zone,middle thrust zone and front thrust zone,which are separated by main thrust faults. Corresponding to these two deformation styles,two ore-forming system are developed in the studied area. One is late-collision porphyry ore-forming system(40.86±0.85Ma in age of Re-Os),which is controlled by strike-slip faults,produced the Narigongma porphyry molybdenum-copper deposits and the ages of porphyry intrusions and mineralization ages become increasingly young from the north to the south in Sanjiang area.The other is hydrothermal ore-forming system which is controlled by thrust faults system and produced Dongmozhazhua and Mohailaheng lead-zinc deposits.These two deposits occurs in the front thrust zone of the thrust faults system at 35.03±0.89 Ma and 34.0±1.1Ma(in age of Rb-Sr) respectively and their orebodies are formed in fracture zones or back thrust areas in the upper or lower plate of the imbricate thrust faults.
引文
鲍佩声,肖序常,王军,李才,胡克.1999.西藏中北部双湖地区蓝片岩带及其构造涵义.地质学报,73(4):302-314
陈文,Arnaud N.1997.巴颜喀拉地体POG型花岗岩同位素年代学研究.地球学报,18(3):261-266.
陈文,张彦,陈克龙,等.2005.青海玉树哈秀岩体成因及~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar.年代学研究.岩石矿物学杂志,24(5):393-396.
陈炳蔚,李永森,曲景川等.1991.三江地区主要大地构造问题与成矿.北京:地质出版社.
陈炳蔚等.1987.怒江-澜沧江-金沙江地区大地构造.北京:地质出版社.
邓飞,贾东,罗良,等.2008.晚三叠世松潘-甘孜和川西前陆盆地的物源对比:构造演化和古地理变迁的线索.地质论评,54(4):561-573.
邓万明,孙宏娟,张玉泉.2001.囊谦盆地新生代钾质火山岩成因岩石学研究.地质科学,36(3):304-31
邓希光.2002.青藏高原羌塘中部蓝片岩的地球化学特征及其构造意义.岩石学报,18(4):517-525.
董树义.2004.西藏东部江达构造带演化及成矿规律与找矿方向研究[D];成都理工大学硕士论文.
杜安道,何红蓼,殷宁万等.1994.辉钼矿的铼-锇同位素地质年龄测定方法研究.地质学报,68(4):339-347
杜安道,赵敦敏,王淑贤,孙德忠,刘敦一.2001.Carius管溶样和负离子热表面电离质谱准确测定辉钼矿铼-锇同位素地质年龄.岩矿测试,20(4):247-252
段其发,牛志军,白云山,赵小明,汤朝阳,涂兵,魏运许,曾波夫.2006a.青海1:25万曲麻莱县幅地质调查成果与主要进展.华南地质与矿产(3):77-81.
段其发,王建雄,何龙清,赵小明,涂兵.2006b.青海南部金沙江缝合带二叠纪硅质岩地球化学特征及沉积环境.华南地质与矿产(3):24-30.
段其发,杨振强,王建雄,白云山,牛志军,姚华舟.2006c.青藏高原北羌塘盆地东部二叠纪高Ti玄武岩的地球化学特征.地质通报,25(1):156-162.
顾连兴.1999.块状硫化物矿床研究进展评述.地质论评45(3):265-275.
何龙清,陈开旭,余凤呜,魏君奇,杨爱平,李航.2004.云南兰坪盆地推覆构造及其控矿作用.地质与勘探,40(4):7-12.
侯增谦,侯立纬,叶庆同等.1995.三江地区义敦岛弧构造-岩浆演化与火山成因块状硫化物矿床.北京:地震出版社.
侯增谦,莫宣学,高永丰,等.2006d.印度大陆与亚洲大陆早期碰撞过程与动力学模型--来自西藏 冈底斯新生代火成岩证据.地质学报,80(9):1233-1248.
侯增谦,莫宣学,杨志明,王安建,潘桂棠,曲晓明,聂凤军.2006a.青藏高原碰撞造山带成矿作用:构造背景、时空分布和主要类型.中国地质,33(2):348-359.
侯增谦,潘桂棠,王安建,莫宣学,田世洪,孙晓明,丁林,王二七,高永丰,谢玉玲,曾普胜,秦克章,许继峰,曲晓明,杨志明,杨竹森,费红彩,孟详金,李振清.2006c.青藏高原碰撞造山带:Ⅱ.晚碰撞转换成矿作用.矿床地质,25(5):521-533.
侯增谦,潘小菲,杨志明,曲晓明.2007.初论大陆环境斑岩铜矿.现代地质,21(2):32-351
侯增谦,曲晓明,黄卫,高永丰.2001b.冈底斯斑岩铜矿成矿带有望成为西藏第二条玉龙铜矿带.中国地质.28:27-29
侯增谦,曲晓明,周继荣,杨岳清,黄典豪,吕庆田,唐绍华,余今杰,王海平,赵金花.2001a.三江地区义敦岛弧碰撞造山过程:花岗岩记录.地质学报,75(4):484-497.
侯增谦,宋玉才,李政,王召林,杨志明,杨竹森,刘英超,田世洪,何龙清,陈开旭,王富春,赵呈祥,薛万文,鲁海峰.2008a.青藏高原碰撞造山带Pb-Zn矿床新类型:基本特征与成矿模型.矿床地质,27(2):123-144.
侯增谦,杨岳清,曲晓明,黄典豪,吕庆田,王海平,余金杰,唐绍华.2004.三江地区义敦岛弧造山带演化和成矿系统.地质学报,78(1):109-120.
侯增谦,杨竹森,徐文艺,莫宣学,丁林,高永丰,董方浏,李光明,曲晓明,赵志丹,江思宏,孟祥金,李振清,秦克章,杨志明.2006b.青藏高原碰撞造山带:Ⅰ.主碰撞造山成矿作用.矿床地质,25(4):337-358
胡克,李才,程立人,洪裕荣.1995.西藏羌塘中部冈玛错-双湖蓝片岩带及其构造意义.长春地质学院学报,25(3):268-274.
黄继钧.2001.藏北羌塘盆地构造特征及演化.中国区域地质,20(2):178-186.
金贵善.2006.西金乌兰-金沙江缝合带西段部分岩浆岩地质年代学及地球化学特征[D].中国地质科学院硕士论文.1-78.
李才,程立人,胡可,洪裕荣.1995a.西藏羌塘南部地区的冰海杂砾岩及其成因.长春地质学院学报,25(4):368-374.
李才,程立人,胡克,等.1995b.西藏龙木错-双湖古特提斯缝合带研究.北京:地质出版社,1-45.
李才,董永胜,翟庆国,于介江,黄小鹏.2008a.青藏高原羌塘高压变质带的特征及其构造意义.地质通报,27(1):27-35.
李才,黄小鹏,翟庆国,朱同兴,于远山,王根厚,曾庆高.2006.龙木错-双湖-吉塘板块缝合带与青藏高原冈瓦纳北界.地学前缘,13(4):136-147.
李才,王天武,杨德明,杨日红.2001.西藏羌塘中央隆起区物质组成与构造演化.长春科技大学学报,31(1):25-31.
李才,谢尧武,蒋光武,施建荣,王生云.2008c.藏东吉塘地区冈瓦纳相冰海杂砾岩的特征及其意义. 地质通报,27(10):1654-1658.
李才,翟庆国,董永胜,蒋光武,解超明,吴彦旺,王明.2008b.冈瓦纳大陆北缘早期的洋壳信息--来自青藏高原羌塘中部早古生代蛇绿岩的依据.地质通报,27(10):1605-1612.
李才.1987.龙木错-双湖-澜沧江板块缝合带与石炭二叠纪冈瓦纳北界.长春地质学院学报,17(2):155-166.
李才.2008.青藏高原龙木错-双湖-澜沧江板块缝合带研究二十年.地质论评,54(似1):105-119.
李继亮.2004.增生型造山带的基本特征.地质通报,23(9):947-951.
李善平,王毅智,沈存祥,许长青,祁生胜,曾小平.2007.青藏高原北羌塘盆地杂多地区晚二叠世-早三叠世陆相火山岩的地球化学特征及其意义.地质通报,26(6):675-681.
李兴振,刘文均,王义昭,等.2002.西南三江地区特提斯构造演化与成矿.北京:地质出版社.
李兴振,刘文均,王义昭,等.1999.西南三江地区特提斯构造演化与成矿(总论).北京:地质出版社,23-167.
李兴振,刘增乾,潘桂棠,等.1991.西南三江地区构造单元划分及地史演化,中国地质科学院成都地质矿产研究所所刊,13:1-19.
李亚林,王成善,伊海生,等.2006.西藏北部新生代大型逆冲推覆构造与唐古拉山的隆起..地质学报,80(8):1118-1131
刘增乾,李兴振,叶庆同,罗建宁,沈敢富,杨岳清.1993.三江地区构造岩浆带的划分与矿产分布规律.北京:地质出版社.1-246.
刘增乾,徐宪,潘桂棠,等.1990.青藏高原大地构造与形成演化.北京:地质出版社.
刘肇昌,李凡友,钟康惠.1997.金沙江、澜沧江、怒江地区地体--裂谷构造与演化.有色金属矿产与勘查,6(1):8-15.
刘志飞,王成善,金玮,伊海生.2005.青藏高原沱沱河盆地渐新-中新世沉积环境分析.沉积学报,232:210-217.
刘志飞,王成善,金玮.2004.可可西里盆地早渐新世雅西措群爬升沙纹层理及其沉积环境意义.沉积学报,22(4):560-565.
刘志飞,王成善,伊海生,等.2001a.可可西里盆地新生代沉积演化历史重建.地质学报,75(2):250-258.
刘志飞,王成善.2000.可可西里盆地早渐新世雅西措群沉积环境分析及古气候意义.沉积学报,183:355-361
刘志飞.王成善.2001b.青藏高原北部可可西里盆地第三纪风火山群沉积环境分析.沉积学报,191:28-36
吕伯西,王增,张能德,等.1993.三江地区花岗岩类及其成矿专属性.北京:地质出版社.
马丽艳,牛志军,白云山,段其发,王建雄.2007.青海南部二叠纪火山岩Sr,Nd,Pb同位素特征及地质意义.地球科学:中国地质大学学报,32(1):22-28.
莫宣学,董方浏,邓晋福,喻学惠,王勇,周肃,杨伟光.2001.西南三江造山带火山岩--构造组合 及其意义.高校地质学报,7(2):121-138.
莫宣学,路凤香,沈上越,侯增谦.1993.三江特提斯火山作用与成矿.北京:地质出版社,1-265
牛志军,段其发,王建雄,白云山,涂兵,卜建军,赵小明.2005.青海南部治多-杂多-带下石炭统杂多群.地层学杂志,29(B11):490-499.
牛志军,段其发,王建雄,白云山,曾波夫,涂兵,卜建军.2006.青海南部治多--杂多一带二叠系尕笛考组.地层学杂志,30(2):109-115.
潘桂堂,王培生,徐耀荣,焦淑沛,向天秀.1990.青藏高原新生代构造演化.北京:地质出版社.1-190.
潘桂棠,陈智梁,李兴振,徐强,江新胜.1996.东特提斯多弧-盆系统演化模式.岩相古地理,16(2):52-65
潘桂棠,陈智梁,李兴振.1997.东特提斯构造形成与演化.北京:地质出版社.
潘桂棠,李兴振,王立全,丁俊,陈智梁.2002.青藏高原及邻区大地构造单元初步划分.地质通报,21(11):701-707
潘桂棠,王立全,李兴振,王洁民,徐强.2001.青藏高原区域构造格局及其多岛弧盆系的空间配置.沉积与特提斯地质,21(3):1-26.
潘桂棠,王立全,尹福光,朱弟成,耿全如,廖忠礼.2004.从多岛弧盆系研究实践看板块构造登陆的魅力.地质通报,23(9-10):933-939.
潘桂棠,徐强,候增谦,王立全,杜德勋,莫宣学,李定谋,汪名杰.2003.西南“三江”多岛孤造山过程成矿系统与资源评价北京:地质出版社.
潘桂棠.1 994.全球洋-陆转换中的特提斯演化.沉积与特提斯地质,18:23-40.
潘裕生,周伟明,许荣华等.1996.昆仑山早古生代地质特征与演化.中国科学,26D:303-307.
曲晓明,侯增谦,黄卫.2001.冈底斯斑岩铜矿成矿带:西藏第二条玉龙铜矿带?矿床地质,20:355-366
屈文俊,杜安道.2003.高温密闭溶样电感耦合等离子体质谱准确测定辉钼矿铼-锇地质年龄.岩矿测试,22(4):254-257
沙淑清,王宗秀,郭通珍,肖伟峰,杨欣德.2007.巴颜喀拉山东段花岗岩锆石SHRIMP定年及地球化学特征.地球学报.28(3):261-269.
谭富文,王高明,惠兰,汪名杰,李忠雄,王小龙.2001.藏东地区新生代构造体系与成矿的关系.地球学报,22(2):123-128.
汤朝阳,姚华舟,段其发,牛志军,赵小明,涂兵.2007.青海曲麻菜地区通天河构造混杂岩带找矿前景分析.地质与勘探,43(6):1-6.
汤朝阳,卜建军,段其发,牛志军,赵小明,涂兵.2006.青海曲麻莱地区金沙江结合带岩浆活动与成矿.资源环境与工程,20(3):216-220.
唐仁鲤,罗怀松.1995.西藏玉龙斑岩铜(钼)矿带地质.北京:地质出版社.1-320
王秉璋,罗照华,曾小平,王毅志,祁生胜.2008.青海三江北段治多地区印支期花岗岩的成因及锆 石U-Pb定年.中国地质,35(2):196-206.
王成善,朱利东,刘志飞.2004.青藏高原北部盆地构造沉积演化与高原向北生长过程.地球科学进展,193:373-381.
王登红,屈文俊,李志伟等.2004.金沙江-红河成矿带斑岩铜钼矿的成矿集中期:Re-Os同位素定年.中国科学(D辑),34(4):345-349
王江海 尹安,王江海,尹安,T M Harrison,M Grove,周江羽,张玉泉,谢广轰.2001.青藏东缘新生代高钾岩浆活动的热年代学制约.矿物岩石地球化学通报(4):231-233.
王江海,尹安,王江海,尹安,T M Harrison,M Grove,周江羽,张玉泉,谢广轰.2002.青藏东缘新生代两类高钾岩浆活动的热年代学研究.中国科学:D辑,32(7):529-537.
王立全,侯增谦,莫宣学,汪明杰,徐强.2002.金沙江造山带碰撞后地壳伸展背景--火山成因块状硫代物矿床的重要成矿环境.地质学报76(4):541-556.
王立全,潘桂棠,李定谋,等.1999.金沙江弧-盆系时空结构及地史演化.地质学报,73(3):206-218.
王毅智,祁生胜,安守文,许长青.2007.青海南部杂多地区超镁铁质-镁铁质岩石的特征及Ar-Ar 定年.地质通报,26(006):668-674.
王召林,侯增谦,杨竹森,田世洪,刘英超,杨志明,宋玉财,刘焰,张洪瑞,王猛,鲁海峰.2009.青海杂多地区新生代构造特征与两种类型矿床的关系.矿床地质.28(2):157-169.
王召林,杨志明,杨竹森,田世洪,刘英超,马彦青,王贵仁,屈文俊.2008.纳日贡玛斑岩钼铜矿床:玉龙铜矿带的北延--来自辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄的证据.岩石学报.24(3):503-510.
徐明基,付德明,尹裕民等.1993.四川呷村银多金属矿床.成都科学技术出版社,1-164
徐正余,陈福忠,郑延中,等.中华人民共和国地质矿产部地质专报(第20号)青藏高原主要矿产及其分布规律.北京:地质出版社,1991.44-123
许志琴 杨经绥,姜枚,袁学诚,李海兵,薛光琦,钱辉.2001.青藏高原北部东昆仑-羌塘地区的岩石圈结构及岩石圈剪切断层.中国科学:D辑,31(B12):1-7.
许志琴,杨经绥,李海兵,张建新,吴才来.2007.造山的高原--青藏高原的地体拼贴、碰撞造山和隆升机制.北京:地质出版社,1-458.
杨岳清,侯增谦,黄典豪,曲晓明.2002.中旬弧碰撞造山作用和岩浆成矿系统.地球学报,23(1):17-24
杨志明,侯增谦,杨竹森,王淑贤,王贵仁,田世洪,王召林,刘英超,温德银.2008.青海纳日贡玛斑岩铜(钼)矿床:岩石成因及构造控制.岩石学报.24(3):489-502.
叶庆同,胡云中,杨岳清.1992.三江地区区域地球化学背景和金银铅锌成矿作用.北京:地质出版社,1-279.
曾庆丰.1981.脉型矿田构造基本问题.见翟裕生.矿田构造与成矿.北京:地质出版社,45-56.
张连生,钟大赉.1996.从红河剪切带走滑运动看东亚大陆新生代构造.地质科学,31(4):327-340
张旗,周国庆.2001.中国蛇绿岩.北京:科学出版社,1-182.
张旗.1992.中国蛇绿岩研究中的几个问题.地质科学.增刊:139-146
张玉泉,谢应雯,李献华,邱华宁,钟孙霖.1998.钾玄岩系列:藏东玉龙铜矿带含矿斑岩元素地球化学特征.地球科学,23(6):557-561
赵小明,王建雄,牛志军,汤朝阳,姚华舟.2008.青海南部治多.杂多地区石炭纪-三叠纪砂岩地球化学特征与构造背景探讨.沉积学报,26(001):11-20
钟康惠等,2005.青藏高原东缘昌都-思茅新生代造山带及其地球动力学[D].南京大学博士论文,32-88.
周江羽,王江海,Yin A,Horton B K,Spurlin M S.2003.青藏高原东缘古近纪粗碎屑岩沉积学及其构造意义.地质学报,77(2):262-272.
周江羽,王江海,尹安,Spurlin M S,Horton B K.2002.青藏东北缘早第三纪盆地充填的沉积型式及构造背景--以囊谦和下拉秀盆地为例.沉积学报,20(1):85-91.
朱丽,张会化,王江海,周江羽,解广轰.2006.金沙江-红河构造带北段囊谦盆地新生代高钾岩石~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年代学研究.大地构造与成矿学,30(2):241-247
朱志澄.1991.逆冲推覆构造.武汉:中国地质大学出版社.1-113.
Andersen T.Correction of common lead in U-Pb analyses that do not report ~(204)pb.Chem.Geol.,2002,192:59-79
Barbarin B.1999.A review of the relationships between granitoid types,their origins and their geodynamic environments.Lithos,46:605-624.
Bruguier O,Lancelot J R,Malavieille J.1997.U-Pb dating on single detrital zircon grains firom the Triassic Songpan-Ganze(Garze) flysch(Central China ):provenance and tectonic correlations.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,152:217-231.
Burchfiel B C,Chen Z,Liu Y,Royden L H.1995.Tectonics of the LongmenShan and adjacent regions,central China.Rev.37:661-735
Dewey J F,Cande S and Pitman W C.1989.Tectonic evolution of the India/Eurasia collision zone.Eclogae Geol.Helc.,82:717-734.
Enkelmann E,Weislogel A,Rat schbacher L,Elizabeth E,Axel R,Joseph W.2007.How was the Triassic Songpan-Ganzi(Garze) basin filled:A provenance study.Tectonics,26,TC4007
Enkelmann E,Weislogel A,Rat schbacher L,Elizabeth E,Axel R,Joseph W.2007.How was the Triassic Songpan-Ganzi(Garze) basin filled:A provenance study.Tectonics,26,TC4007
Golonka J.2004.Plate tectonic evolution of the southern margin of Eurasia in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic.Tectonophysics,381(1-4):235-273.
Griffin W L,Pearson N J,Belousova E,Jackson S E,van Achterbergh E,O'Reilly,S Y,Shee,S R.2000.The Hf isotope composition of cratonic mantle:LAM-MC-ICPMS analysis of zircon megacrysts in kimberlites.Geochim Cosmochim Acta,2000,64:133-147.
Harris N B W,S Inger,and R Xu.1990.Cretaceous plutonism in central Tibet:An example of post-collision magmatism? J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 44,21-32.
Horton B K, Yin A, Spurlin M S, Zhou J Y and Wang J H. 2002. Paleocene-Eocene syncontractional sedimentation in narrow, lacustrine-dominated basins of east-central Tibet. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 114: 771-786.
Hoskin P W O, T R Ireland. 2000. Rare earth element chemistry of zircon and its use as a provenance indicator. Geology, 28(7): 627-630.
Hou Z Q, Gao Y F, Qu X M, Rui Z Y, Mo X X. 2004. Origin of adakitic intrusives generated during mid-Miocene east-west extension in southern Tibet. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 220:139-155.
Hou Z Q, Khin Z, Pan G T, Mo X X, Xu Q, Hu Y Z and Li X Z, 2007. Sanjiang Tethyan metallogenesis in S.W. China: Tectonic setting, metallogenic epochs and deposit types. Ore Geology Reviews, 31: 48-87.
Hou Z Q, Ma H W, Khin Z, Zhang Y Q, Wang M J, Wang Z, Pan G T, and Tang R L. 2003. The Himalayan Yulong Porphyry Copper Belt: Product of Large Scale Strike-Slip Faulting in Eastern Tibet. Economic Geology, 98:125-145
Kapp P, Yin A, Manning C E, Harrison T M, Spurlin M, Ding L, Deng X G, Wu C M. 2000. Blueschist bearing metamorphic core complexes in the Qiangtang block reveal deep crustal structure of the northern Tibet, Geology. 28, 19-22.
Kapp P. 2001. Blue schist-bearing metamorphic core complexes in the Qiangtang block reveal deep crustal structure of northern Tibet: Reply, Geology, 29, 91.
Leach D L, Sangster D F, Kelley K D, Large R R, Garven G, Allen C R, Gutzmer J and Walters S. 2005. Sediment-hosted lead-zinc deposits: A global perspective. Econ. Geol., 100th Anniversary Volume: 561-607.
Leloup P H, Arnaud N, Lacassin R, Kienast J R, Harrison T M , Trong T T P, Replumaz A, and Tapponnier P. 2001. New constraints on the structure, thermochronology, and timing of the Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone, SE Asia. Journal of Geophysical Research, 106: 6683-6732
Leloup P H, Lacassin R, Tapponnier P, Scharer U, Zhong D L, Liu X H, Zhang L S, Ji S C, and Trinh P T. 1995. The Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone ( Yunnan, China ), Tertiary transform boundary of Indo-China. Tectonophysics, 251: 3-84
Liang H Y, Campbell Ian H, Allen Charlotte, Sun W D, Liu C Q, Yu H X, Xie Y W, Zhang Y Q. 2006. Zircon Ce~(4+)/Ce~(3+) ratios and ages for Yulong ore-bearing porphyries in eastern Tibet. Miner Deposita, 41:152-159
Liu Z F, Wang C S, Trentesaux A, et al. 2003. Paleoclimate changes during early Oligocene in the Hoh Xil region, northern Tibetan Plateau. Acta Geologica Sinica, 77( 4): 504-513
Liu Z F, Wang C S, Yi H S. 2001. Evolution and mass-balance in the Cenozoic Hoh Xil basin, northern Tibet. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 71: 971-984.
Liu Z F, Wang C S. 1999. Oil shale in the Tertiary Hoh Xil Basin, northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. AAPG Bulletin, 83: 1890.
Lowell J D. 1985. Structural styles in petroleum exploration. Oil and Gas Consultants international Inc. OGCI Pub., Tulsa, 1-42.
Ludwig K R. 2003. Isoplot/Ex, version 3.0. A Geochronological Toolkit for Microsoft Excel. Berkeley: Berkeley Geochronology Center Special Publication, 4: 1-70.
Metcalfe I. 1996. Gondwanaland dispersion, Asian accretion and evolution of eastern Tethys. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 43(6): 605-623.
Metcalfe I. 2002. Permian tectonic framework and palaeogeography of SE Asia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 20(6): 551-566.
Miller, C., Schuster, R., Klotzli, U., Frank, W., and Purtscher, E, 1999, Post-collisional potassic and ultrapotassic magmatism in SW Tibet: geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb-O isotopic constraints for mantle source characteristics and petrogenesis: Jour. Petrol., v. 40, p. 1399-1424.
Nakamura, E., 1985, The influence of subduction processes on the geochemistry of Japanese alkaline basalts: Nature, v. 316, p. 55-58.
Nie S Y,Yin An, Rowley D B, e tal. 1994. Exhumation of the DabieShan ultra-high- pressure rocks and accumulation of the Songpan-Ganzi flysch sequence, central China. Geology, 22: 999-1002.
Oliver J. 1986. fluids expelled tectonically from the orogenic belts: Their role in hydrocarbon migration and other geological phenomena. Geology, 14: 99-102.
Pearce J A, Deng Wanming. 1988. The ophiolites of the Tibet Geotraverse, Lhasa to Golmud(1985) and Lhasa to Kathmandu(1986). in: The Geological Evolution of Tibet(eds: Chang C, et al.). London, The Royal Society. 215-238.
Peng Z, Watanabe M, Hoshino K, Sueoka S, Yano T and Nishido H. 1998. The Machanqing copper-molybdenum deposits, Yunnan, China-an example of Himalayan porphyry-hosted Cu-Mo mineralization: Mineralogy and Petrology, v63, p 95-117.
Rickwood P C.1989. Boundary lines within petrologic diagrams which use oxides of major and minor elements. Lithos, 22: 247-263.
Roger, F., Arnaud, N., Gilder, S., Tapponnier, P., Jolivet, M., Brunel, M., Malavieille, J., Xu, Z.Q., and Yang, J.S. 2003. Geochronological and geochemical constraints on Mesozoic suturing in east central Tibet: Tectonics, v. 22, no. 4,1037.
Roger, F., Tapponnier, P., Arnaud, N., Scharer, U., Maurice, B., Zhiqin, X., and Jingsui, Y., 2000, An Eocene magmatic belt across central Tibet: Mantle subduction triggered by the Indian collision?: Terra Nova, v. 12,102-108.
Scherer E E, K L Cameron, J Blichert Toft. 2000. Lu-Hf garnet geochronology: closure temperature relative to the Sm-Nd system and the effects of trace mineral inclusions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 64(19): 3413-3432.
Sibson R H. 1987. Earthquake rupturing as a mineralizing agent in hydrothermal systems. Geology, 15, 701-704.
Spurlin M S, Yin A, Horton B K, Zhou J Y and Wang J H. 2005. Structural evolution of the Yushu-Nangqian region and its relationship to syncollisional igneous activity, east-central Tibet. GSA Bulletin, 117: 1293-1317.
Sun H J, Deng W M and Zhang Y Q. 2001. Petrogenesis of Cenozoic potassic volcanic rocks in the Nangqian basin. Acta Geologica Sinica, 75:27-40.
Sun S S, McDough W F. 1989. Chemical and isotope systematics of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes in ocean Basins Geological Society Publication 42: 313-345.
Tapponnier P, Peltzer G and Le Dain A Y. 1982. Propagating extension tectonics in Asia: New insights from simple experiments with plasticine. Geology, 10:611-616.
Thompson RN. 1982. British Tertiary vocanic province. Scott. J. Geol., 18,59-107.
Wang C S, Liu Z F, Yi H S et al. 2002. Tertiary crustal shortening and peneplanation in the HohXil region: implications for the tectonic history of the northern Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Asian Earth Science. 20:211-223.
Wang G Z, Wang C S. 2001. Disintegration and age basement metamorphic rocks in Qiangtang, Tibet, China. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 44(supp): 86-93.
Wang G Z, Wang C S. 2001. Disintegration and age basement metamorphic rocks in Qiangtang, Tibet, China. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 44(supp): 86-93.
Wang J H, Yin A, Harrison T M, Grove M, Zhang Y Q and Xie G H. 2001. A tectonic model for Cenozoic igneous activities in the eastern Indo-Asian collision zone. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 188: 123-133.
Wang X, Metcalfe I, Jian P, He L, Wang C. 2000. The Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan suture zone, China: tectonostratigraphy, age and evolution, JAsian Earth Sci. 18, 675-690.
Weaver B L and J Tarney. 1980. Continental crust composition and nature of the lower crust: constraints from mantle Nd-Sr isotope correlation. Nature, 286, 342-346.
Weislogel A L, Graham S A, Chang E Z, Wooden J L, Gehrels G E, Yang Hengshu. 2006. Detrital zircon provenance of the Late Triassic Songpan-Ganzi (Garze) complex: Sedimentary record of collision of the North and South China blocks. Geology, 34(2): 97-100.
Weislogel A L, Graham S A, Chang E Z, Wooden J L, Gehrels G E, Yang Hengshu. 2006. Detrital zircon provenance of the Late Triassic Songpan-Ganzi (Garze) complex: Sedimentary record of collision of the North and South China blocks. Geology, 34(2): 97-100.
Worley B A, Wilson C J L. 1996. Deformation partitioning and foliation reactivation during transpressional orogenesis,an example from the Central LongmenShan,China.J. Struct.Geol. 18:395-411
Worley B A, Wilson C J L. 1996. Deformation partitioning and foliation reactivation during transpressional orogenesis,an example from the Central LongmenShan,China.J. Struct.Geol. 18:395-411
Worley B, Powell R, Wilson C J L. 1997. Crenulation cleavage formation: evolving diffusion, deformation and equilibration mechanisms with increasing metamorphic grade. J.Struct.Geol. 19:1121-1135
Worley B, Powell R, Wilson C J L. 1997. Crenulation cleavage formation: evolving diffusion, deformation and equilibration mechanisms with increasing metamorphic grade. J.Struct.Geol. 19:1121-1135.
Xiao L, Zhang H F, Clemens J D and Wang Q.W. 2007. Late Triassic granitoids of the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau: Geochronology, petrogenesis and implications for tectonic evolution. Lithos, 96, 436-452.
Xiao L,Zhang H F,Clemens J D and Wang Q.W.2007.Late Triassic granitoids of the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau:Geochronology,petrogenesis and implications for tectonic evolution.Lithos,96,436-452.
Xu Y G,X L Huang,J L Ma,Y B Wang,Y fizuka,J F Xu,Q Wang,X Y Wu.2004.Crustal-mantle interaction during the thermo-tectonic reactivation of the North China Craton:SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age,petrology and geochemistry of Mesozoic plutons in western Shandong.Contrib.Mineral.Petrol,147:750-767.
Xue C J,Zeng R,Liu S W,Chi G X,Qing H R,Chen Y C,Yang J M and Wang D H.2007.Geologic,fluid inclusion and isotopic characteristics of the Jinding Zn-Pb deposit,Western Yunnan,South China:A review.Ore Geology Reviews,31:337-359.
Yang J H,F Y Wu,S L Chung,S A Wilde,M F Chu.2006.A hybrid origin for the Qianshan A-type granite,northeast China:Geochemical and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic evidence.Lithos,89(1-2):89-106.
Yin A,and Harrison T M.2000.Geologic evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen.Annu.Rev.Earth Planet.Sci.,28:211-280
Yin A,Nie S.1996.A Phanerozoic palinspastic reconstruction of China and its neighboring regions.In The Tectonics of Asia,ed.A Yin,T M Harrison,pp.442-485.New York:Cambridge Univ.Press
Yuan H L,Gao S,Liu X M,Li H M,Gunther D and Wu F Y.2004.Accurate U-Pb age and trace element determinations of zircon by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.Geostandards and Geoanalyfical Research,28(3):353-370.
Zhang Y Q,Xie Y W.1997.Alkali-rich intrusive rocks in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its vicinities as exemplified by Kuganzi and Taihe plutons.Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,40(1):104-112.
陈文,Arnaud N.1997.巴颜喀拉地体POG型花岗岩同位素年代学研究.地球学报,18(3):261-266.
陈文,张彦,陈克龙,等.2005.青海玉树哈秀岩体成因及~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar.年代学研究.岩石矿物学杂志,24(5):393-396.
陈炳蔚,李永森,曲景川等.1991.三江地区主要大地构造问题与成矿.北京:地质出版社.
陈炳蔚等.1987.怒江-澜沧江-金沙江地区大地构造.北京:地质出版社.
邓飞,贾东,罗良,等.2008.晚三叠世松潘-甘孜和川西前陆盆地的物源对比:构造演化和古地理变迁的线索.地质论评,54(4):561-573.
邓万明,孙宏娟,张玉泉.2001.囊谦盆地新生代钾质火山岩成因岩石学研究.地质科学,36(3):304-31
邓希光.2002.青藏高原羌塘中部蓝片岩的地球化学特征及其构造意义.岩石学报,18(4):517-525.
董树义.2004.西藏东部江达构造带演化及成矿规律与找矿方向研究[D];成都理工大学硕士论文.
杜安道,何红蓼,殷宁万等.1994.辉钼矿的铼-锇同位素地质年龄测定方法研究.地质学报,68(4):339-347
杜安道,赵敦敏,王淑贤,孙德忠,刘敦一.2001.Carius管溶样和负离子热表面电离质谱准确测定辉钼矿铼-锇同位素地质年龄.岩矿测试,20(4):247-252
段其发,牛志军,白云山,赵小明,汤朝阳,涂兵,魏运许,曾波夫.2006a.青海1:25万曲麻莱县幅地质调查成果与主要进展.华南地质与矿产(3):77-81.
段其发,王建雄,何龙清,赵小明,涂兵.2006b.青海南部金沙江缝合带二叠纪硅质岩地球化学特征及沉积环境.华南地质与矿产(3):24-30.
段其发,杨振强,王建雄,白云山,牛志军,姚华舟.2006c.青藏高原北羌塘盆地东部二叠纪高Ti玄武岩的地球化学特征.地质通报,25(1):156-162.
顾连兴.1999.块状硫化物矿床研究进展评述.地质论评45(3):265-275.
何龙清,陈开旭,余凤呜,魏君奇,杨爱平,李航.2004.云南兰坪盆地推覆构造及其控矿作用.地质与勘探,40(4):7-12.
侯增谦,侯立纬,叶庆同等.1995.三江地区义敦岛弧构造-岩浆演化与火山成因块状硫化物矿床.北京:地震出版社.
侯增谦,莫宣学,高永丰,等.2006d.印度大陆与亚洲大陆早期碰撞过程与动力学模型--来自西藏 冈底斯新生代火成岩证据.地质学报,80(9):1233-1248.
侯增谦,莫宣学,杨志明,王安建,潘桂棠,曲晓明,聂凤军.2006a.青藏高原碰撞造山带成矿作用:构造背景、时空分布和主要类型.中国地质,33(2):348-359.
侯增谦,潘桂棠,王安建,莫宣学,田世洪,孙晓明,丁林,王二七,高永丰,谢玉玲,曾普胜,秦克章,许继峰,曲晓明,杨志明,杨竹森,费红彩,孟详金,李振清.2006c.青藏高原碰撞造山带:Ⅱ.晚碰撞转换成矿作用.矿床地质,25(5):521-533.
侯增谦,潘小菲,杨志明,曲晓明.2007.初论大陆环境斑岩铜矿.现代地质,21(2):32-351
侯增谦,曲晓明,黄卫,高永丰.2001b.冈底斯斑岩铜矿成矿带有望成为西藏第二条玉龙铜矿带.中国地质.28:27-29
侯增谦,曲晓明,周继荣,杨岳清,黄典豪,吕庆田,唐绍华,余今杰,王海平,赵金花.2001a.三江地区义敦岛弧碰撞造山过程:花岗岩记录.地质学报,75(4):484-497.
侯增谦,宋玉才,李政,王召林,杨志明,杨竹森,刘英超,田世洪,何龙清,陈开旭,王富春,赵呈祥,薛万文,鲁海峰.2008a.青藏高原碰撞造山带Pb-Zn矿床新类型:基本特征与成矿模型.矿床地质,27(2):123-144.
侯增谦,杨岳清,曲晓明,黄典豪,吕庆田,王海平,余金杰,唐绍华.2004.三江地区义敦岛弧造山带演化和成矿系统.地质学报,78(1):109-120.
侯增谦,杨竹森,徐文艺,莫宣学,丁林,高永丰,董方浏,李光明,曲晓明,赵志丹,江思宏,孟祥金,李振清,秦克章,杨志明.2006b.青藏高原碰撞造山带:Ⅰ.主碰撞造山成矿作用.矿床地质,25(4):337-358
胡克,李才,程立人,洪裕荣.1995.西藏羌塘中部冈玛错-双湖蓝片岩带及其构造意义.长春地质学院学报,25(3):268-274.
黄继钧.2001.藏北羌塘盆地构造特征及演化.中国区域地质,20(2):178-186.
金贵善.2006.西金乌兰-金沙江缝合带西段部分岩浆岩地质年代学及地球化学特征[D].中国地质科学院硕士论文.1-78.
李才,程立人,胡可,洪裕荣.1995a.西藏羌塘南部地区的冰海杂砾岩及其成因.长春地质学院学报,25(4):368-374.
李才,程立人,胡克,等.1995b.西藏龙木错-双湖古特提斯缝合带研究.北京:地质出版社,1-45.
李才,董永胜,翟庆国,于介江,黄小鹏.2008a.青藏高原羌塘高压变质带的特征及其构造意义.地质通报,27(1):27-35.
李才,黄小鹏,翟庆国,朱同兴,于远山,王根厚,曾庆高.2006.龙木错-双湖-吉塘板块缝合带与青藏高原冈瓦纳北界.地学前缘,13(4):136-147.
李才,王天武,杨德明,杨日红.2001.西藏羌塘中央隆起区物质组成与构造演化.长春科技大学学报,31(1):25-31.
李才,谢尧武,蒋光武,施建荣,王生云.2008c.藏东吉塘地区冈瓦纳相冰海杂砾岩的特征及其意义. 地质通报,27(10):1654-1658.
李才,翟庆国,董永胜,蒋光武,解超明,吴彦旺,王明.2008b.冈瓦纳大陆北缘早期的洋壳信息--来自青藏高原羌塘中部早古生代蛇绿岩的依据.地质通报,27(10):1605-1612.
李才.1987.龙木错-双湖-澜沧江板块缝合带与石炭二叠纪冈瓦纳北界.长春地质学院学报,17(2):155-166.
李才.2008.青藏高原龙木错-双湖-澜沧江板块缝合带研究二十年.地质论评,54(似1):105-119.
李继亮.2004.增生型造山带的基本特征.地质通报,23(9):947-951.
李善平,王毅智,沈存祥,许长青,祁生胜,曾小平.2007.青藏高原北羌塘盆地杂多地区晚二叠世-早三叠世陆相火山岩的地球化学特征及其意义.地质通报,26(6):675-681.
李兴振,刘文均,王义昭,等.2002.西南三江地区特提斯构造演化与成矿.北京:地质出版社.
李兴振,刘文均,王义昭,等.1999.西南三江地区特提斯构造演化与成矿(总论).北京:地质出版社,23-167.
李兴振,刘增乾,潘桂棠,等.1991.西南三江地区构造单元划分及地史演化,中国地质科学院成都地质矿产研究所所刊,13:1-19.
李亚林,王成善,伊海生,等.2006.西藏北部新生代大型逆冲推覆构造与唐古拉山的隆起..地质学报,80(8):1118-1131
刘增乾,李兴振,叶庆同,罗建宁,沈敢富,杨岳清.1993.三江地区构造岩浆带的划分与矿产分布规律.北京:地质出版社.1-246.
刘增乾,徐宪,潘桂棠,等.1990.青藏高原大地构造与形成演化.北京:地质出版社.
刘肇昌,李凡友,钟康惠.1997.金沙江、澜沧江、怒江地区地体--裂谷构造与演化.有色金属矿产与勘查,6(1):8-15.
刘志飞,王成善,金玮,伊海生.2005.青藏高原沱沱河盆地渐新-中新世沉积环境分析.沉积学报,232:210-217.
刘志飞,王成善,金玮.2004.可可西里盆地早渐新世雅西措群爬升沙纹层理及其沉积环境意义.沉积学报,22(4):560-565.
刘志飞,王成善,伊海生,等.2001a.可可西里盆地新生代沉积演化历史重建.地质学报,75(2):250-258.
刘志飞,王成善.2000.可可西里盆地早渐新世雅西措群沉积环境分析及古气候意义.沉积学报,183:355-361
刘志飞.王成善.2001b.青藏高原北部可可西里盆地第三纪风火山群沉积环境分析.沉积学报,191:28-36
吕伯西,王增,张能德,等.1993.三江地区花岗岩类及其成矿专属性.北京:地质出版社.
马丽艳,牛志军,白云山,段其发,王建雄.2007.青海南部二叠纪火山岩Sr,Nd,Pb同位素特征及地质意义.地球科学:中国地质大学学报,32(1):22-28.
莫宣学,董方浏,邓晋福,喻学惠,王勇,周肃,杨伟光.2001.西南三江造山带火山岩--构造组合 及其意义.高校地质学报,7(2):121-138.
莫宣学,路凤香,沈上越,侯增谦.1993.三江特提斯火山作用与成矿.北京:地质出版社,1-265
牛志军,段其发,王建雄,白云山,涂兵,卜建军,赵小明.2005.青海南部治多-杂多-带下石炭统杂多群.地层学杂志,29(B11):490-499.
牛志军,段其发,王建雄,白云山,曾波夫,涂兵,卜建军.2006.青海南部治多--杂多一带二叠系尕笛考组.地层学杂志,30(2):109-115.
潘桂堂,王培生,徐耀荣,焦淑沛,向天秀.1990.青藏高原新生代构造演化.北京:地质出版社.1-190.
潘桂棠,陈智梁,李兴振,徐强,江新胜.1996.东特提斯多弧-盆系统演化模式.岩相古地理,16(2):52-65
潘桂棠,陈智梁,李兴振.1997.东特提斯构造形成与演化.北京:地质出版社.
潘桂棠,李兴振,王立全,丁俊,陈智梁.2002.青藏高原及邻区大地构造单元初步划分.地质通报,21(11):701-707
潘桂棠,王立全,李兴振,王洁民,徐强.2001.青藏高原区域构造格局及其多岛弧盆系的空间配置.沉积与特提斯地质,21(3):1-26.
潘桂棠,王立全,尹福光,朱弟成,耿全如,廖忠礼.2004.从多岛弧盆系研究实践看板块构造登陆的魅力.地质通报,23(9-10):933-939.
潘桂棠,徐强,候增谦,王立全,杜德勋,莫宣学,李定谋,汪名杰.2003.西南“三江”多岛孤造山过程成矿系统与资源评价北京:地质出版社.
潘桂棠.1 994.全球洋-陆转换中的特提斯演化.沉积与特提斯地质,18:23-40.
潘裕生,周伟明,许荣华等.1996.昆仑山早古生代地质特征与演化.中国科学,26D:303-307.
曲晓明,侯增谦,黄卫.2001.冈底斯斑岩铜矿成矿带:西藏第二条玉龙铜矿带?矿床地质,20:355-366
屈文俊,杜安道.2003.高温密闭溶样电感耦合等离子体质谱准确测定辉钼矿铼-锇地质年龄.岩矿测试,22(4):254-257
沙淑清,王宗秀,郭通珍,肖伟峰,杨欣德.2007.巴颜喀拉山东段花岗岩锆石SHRIMP定年及地球化学特征.地球学报.28(3):261-269.
谭富文,王高明,惠兰,汪名杰,李忠雄,王小龙.2001.藏东地区新生代构造体系与成矿的关系.地球学报,22(2):123-128.
汤朝阳,姚华舟,段其发,牛志军,赵小明,涂兵.2007.青海曲麻菜地区通天河构造混杂岩带找矿前景分析.地质与勘探,43(6):1-6.
汤朝阳,卜建军,段其发,牛志军,赵小明,涂兵.2006.青海曲麻莱地区金沙江结合带岩浆活动与成矿.资源环境与工程,20(3):216-220.
唐仁鲤,罗怀松.1995.西藏玉龙斑岩铜(钼)矿带地质.北京:地质出版社.1-320
王秉璋,罗照华,曾小平,王毅志,祁生胜.2008.青海三江北段治多地区印支期花岗岩的成因及锆 石U-Pb定年.中国地质,35(2):196-206.
王成善,朱利东,刘志飞.2004.青藏高原北部盆地构造沉积演化与高原向北生长过程.地球科学进展,193:373-381.
王登红,屈文俊,李志伟等.2004.金沙江-红河成矿带斑岩铜钼矿的成矿集中期:Re-Os同位素定年.中国科学(D辑),34(4):345-349
王江海 尹安,王江海,尹安,T M Harrison,M Grove,周江羽,张玉泉,谢广轰.2001.青藏东缘新生代高钾岩浆活动的热年代学制约.矿物岩石地球化学通报(4):231-233.
王江海,尹安,王江海,尹安,T M Harrison,M Grove,周江羽,张玉泉,谢广轰.2002.青藏东缘新生代两类高钾岩浆活动的热年代学研究.中国科学:D辑,32(7):529-537.
王立全,侯增谦,莫宣学,汪明杰,徐强.2002.金沙江造山带碰撞后地壳伸展背景--火山成因块状硫代物矿床的重要成矿环境.地质学报76(4):541-556.
王立全,潘桂棠,李定谋,等.1999.金沙江弧-盆系时空结构及地史演化.地质学报,73(3):206-218.
王毅智,祁生胜,安守文,许长青.2007.青海南部杂多地区超镁铁质-镁铁质岩石的特征及Ar-Ar 定年.地质通报,26(006):668-674.
王召林,侯增谦,杨竹森,田世洪,刘英超,杨志明,宋玉财,刘焰,张洪瑞,王猛,鲁海峰.2009.青海杂多地区新生代构造特征与两种类型矿床的关系.矿床地质.28(2):157-169.
王召林,杨志明,杨竹森,田世洪,刘英超,马彦青,王贵仁,屈文俊.2008.纳日贡玛斑岩钼铜矿床:玉龙铜矿带的北延--来自辉钼矿Re-Os同位素年龄的证据.岩石学报.24(3):503-510.
徐明基,付德明,尹裕民等.1993.四川呷村银多金属矿床.成都科学技术出版社,1-164
徐正余,陈福忠,郑延中,等.中华人民共和国地质矿产部地质专报(第20号)青藏高原主要矿产及其分布规律.北京:地质出版社,1991.44-123
许志琴 杨经绥,姜枚,袁学诚,李海兵,薛光琦,钱辉.2001.青藏高原北部东昆仑-羌塘地区的岩石圈结构及岩石圈剪切断层.中国科学:D辑,31(B12):1-7.
许志琴,杨经绥,李海兵,张建新,吴才来.2007.造山的高原--青藏高原的地体拼贴、碰撞造山和隆升机制.北京:地质出版社,1-458.
杨岳清,侯增谦,黄典豪,曲晓明.2002.中旬弧碰撞造山作用和岩浆成矿系统.地球学报,23(1):17-24
杨志明,侯增谦,杨竹森,王淑贤,王贵仁,田世洪,王召林,刘英超,温德银.2008.青海纳日贡玛斑岩铜(钼)矿床:岩石成因及构造控制.岩石学报.24(3):489-502.
叶庆同,胡云中,杨岳清.1992.三江地区区域地球化学背景和金银铅锌成矿作用.北京:地质出版社,1-279.
曾庆丰.1981.脉型矿田构造基本问题.见翟裕生.矿田构造与成矿.北京:地质出版社,45-56.
张连生,钟大赉.1996.从红河剪切带走滑运动看东亚大陆新生代构造.地质科学,31(4):327-340
张旗,周国庆.2001.中国蛇绿岩.北京:科学出版社,1-182.
张旗.1992.中国蛇绿岩研究中的几个问题.地质科学.增刊:139-146
张玉泉,谢应雯,李献华,邱华宁,钟孙霖.1998.钾玄岩系列:藏东玉龙铜矿带含矿斑岩元素地球化学特征.地球科学,23(6):557-561
赵小明,王建雄,牛志军,汤朝阳,姚华舟.2008.青海南部治多.杂多地区石炭纪-三叠纪砂岩地球化学特征与构造背景探讨.沉积学报,26(001):11-20
钟康惠等,2005.青藏高原东缘昌都-思茅新生代造山带及其地球动力学[D].南京大学博士论文,32-88.
周江羽,王江海,Yin A,Horton B K,Spurlin M S.2003.青藏高原东缘古近纪粗碎屑岩沉积学及其构造意义.地质学报,77(2):262-272.
周江羽,王江海,尹安,Spurlin M S,Horton B K.2002.青藏东北缘早第三纪盆地充填的沉积型式及构造背景--以囊谦和下拉秀盆地为例.沉积学报,20(1):85-91.
朱丽,张会化,王江海,周江羽,解广轰.2006.金沙江-红河构造带北段囊谦盆地新生代高钾岩石~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar年代学研究.大地构造与成矿学,30(2):241-247
朱志澄.1991.逆冲推覆构造.武汉:中国地质大学出版社.1-113.
Andersen T.Correction of common lead in U-Pb analyses that do not report ~(204)pb.Chem.Geol.,2002,192:59-79
Barbarin B.1999.A review of the relationships between granitoid types,their origins and their geodynamic environments.Lithos,46:605-624.
Bruguier O,Lancelot J R,Malavieille J.1997.U-Pb dating on single detrital zircon grains firom the Triassic Songpan-Ganze(Garze) flysch(Central China ):provenance and tectonic correlations.Earth and Planetary Science Letters,152:217-231.
Burchfiel B C,Chen Z,Liu Y,Royden L H.1995.Tectonics of the LongmenShan and adjacent regions,central China.Rev.37:661-735
Dewey J F,Cande S and Pitman W C.1989.Tectonic evolution of the India/Eurasia collision zone.Eclogae Geol.Helc.,82:717-734.
Enkelmann E,Weislogel A,Rat schbacher L,Elizabeth E,Axel R,Joseph W.2007.How was the Triassic Songpan-Ganzi(Garze) basin filled:A provenance study.Tectonics,26,TC4007
Enkelmann E,Weislogel A,Rat schbacher L,Elizabeth E,Axel R,Joseph W.2007.How was the Triassic Songpan-Ganzi(Garze) basin filled:A provenance study.Tectonics,26,TC4007
Golonka J.2004.Plate tectonic evolution of the southern margin of Eurasia in the Mesozoic and Cenozoic.Tectonophysics,381(1-4):235-273.
Griffin W L,Pearson N J,Belousova E,Jackson S E,van Achterbergh E,O'Reilly,S Y,Shee,S R.2000.The Hf isotope composition of cratonic mantle:LAM-MC-ICPMS analysis of zircon megacrysts in kimberlites.Geochim Cosmochim Acta,2000,64:133-147.
Harris N B W,S Inger,and R Xu.1990.Cretaceous plutonism in central Tibet:An example of post-collision magmatism? J. Volcanol. Geotherm. Res., 44,21-32.
Horton B K, Yin A, Spurlin M S, Zhou J Y and Wang J H. 2002. Paleocene-Eocene syncontractional sedimentation in narrow, lacustrine-dominated basins of east-central Tibet. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 114: 771-786.
Hoskin P W O, T R Ireland. 2000. Rare earth element chemistry of zircon and its use as a provenance indicator. Geology, 28(7): 627-630.
Hou Z Q, Gao Y F, Qu X M, Rui Z Y, Mo X X. 2004. Origin of adakitic intrusives generated during mid-Miocene east-west extension in southern Tibet. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 220:139-155.
Hou Z Q, Khin Z, Pan G T, Mo X X, Xu Q, Hu Y Z and Li X Z, 2007. Sanjiang Tethyan metallogenesis in S.W. China: Tectonic setting, metallogenic epochs and deposit types. Ore Geology Reviews, 31: 48-87.
Hou Z Q, Ma H W, Khin Z, Zhang Y Q, Wang M J, Wang Z, Pan G T, and Tang R L. 2003. The Himalayan Yulong Porphyry Copper Belt: Product of Large Scale Strike-Slip Faulting in Eastern Tibet. Economic Geology, 98:125-145
Kapp P, Yin A, Manning C E, Harrison T M, Spurlin M, Ding L, Deng X G, Wu C M. 2000. Blueschist bearing metamorphic core complexes in the Qiangtang block reveal deep crustal structure of the northern Tibet, Geology. 28, 19-22.
Kapp P. 2001. Blue schist-bearing metamorphic core complexes in the Qiangtang block reveal deep crustal structure of northern Tibet: Reply, Geology, 29, 91.
Leach D L, Sangster D F, Kelley K D, Large R R, Garven G, Allen C R, Gutzmer J and Walters S. 2005. Sediment-hosted lead-zinc deposits: A global perspective. Econ. Geol., 100th Anniversary Volume: 561-607.
Leloup P H, Arnaud N, Lacassin R, Kienast J R, Harrison T M , Trong T T P, Replumaz A, and Tapponnier P. 2001. New constraints on the structure, thermochronology, and timing of the Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone, SE Asia. Journal of Geophysical Research, 106: 6683-6732
Leloup P H, Lacassin R, Tapponnier P, Scharer U, Zhong D L, Liu X H, Zhang L S, Ji S C, and Trinh P T. 1995. The Ailao Shan-Red River shear zone ( Yunnan, China ), Tertiary transform boundary of Indo-China. Tectonophysics, 251: 3-84
Liang H Y, Campbell Ian H, Allen Charlotte, Sun W D, Liu C Q, Yu H X, Xie Y W, Zhang Y Q. 2006. Zircon Ce~(4+)/Ce~(3+) ratios and ages for Yulong ore-bearing porphyries in eastern Tibet. Miner Deposita, 41:152-159
Liu Z F, Wang C S, Trentesaux A, et al. 2003. Paleoclimate changes during early Oligocene in the Hoh Xil region, northern Tibetan Plateau. Acta Geologica Sinica, 77( 4): 504-513
Liu Z F, Wang C S, Yi H S. 2001. Evolution and mass-balance in the Cenozoic Hoh Xil basin, northern Tibet. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 71: 971-984.
Liu Z F, Wang C S. 1999. Oil shale in the Tertiary Hoh Xil Basin, northern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. AAPG Bulletin, 83: 1890.
Lowell J D. 1985. Structural styles in petroleum exploration. Oil and Gas Consultants international Inc. OGCI Pub., Tulsa, 1-42.
Ludwig K R. 2003. Isoplot/Ex, version 3.0. A Geochronological Toolkit for Microsoft Excel. Berkeley: Berkeley Geochronology Center Special Publication, 4: 1-70.
Metcalfe I. 1996. Gondwanaland dispersion, Asian accretion and evolution of eastern Tethys. Australian Journal of Earth Sciences, 43(6): 605-623.
Metcalfe I. 2002. Permian tectonic framework and palaeogeography of SE Asia. Journal of Asian Earth Sciences, 20(6): 551-566.
Miller, C., Schuster, R., Klotzli, U., Frank, W., and Purtscher, E, 1999, Post-collisional potassic and ultrapotassic magmatism in SW Tibet: geochemical and Sr-Nd-Pb-O isotopic constraints for mantle source characteristics and petrogenesis: Jour. Petrol., v. 40, p. 1399-1424.
Nakamura, E., 1985, The influence of subduction processes on the geochemistry of Japanese alkaline basalts: Nature, v. 316, p. 55-58.
Nie S Y,Yin An, Rowley D B, e tal. 1994. Exhumation of the DabieShan ultra-high- pressure rocks and accumulation of the Songpan-Ganzi flysch sequence, central China. Geology, 22: 999-1002.
Oliver J. 1986. fluids expelled tectonically from the orogenic belts: Their role in hydrocarbon migration and other geological phenomena. Geology, 14: 99-102.
Pearce J A, Deng Wanming. 1988. The ophiolites of the Tibet Geotraverse, Lhasa to Golmud(1985) and Lhasa to Kathmandu(1986). in: The Geological Evolution of Tibet(eds: Chang C, et al.). London, The Royal Society. 215-238.
Peng Z, Watanabe M, Hoshino K, Sueoka S, Yano T and Nishido H. 1998. The Machanqing copper-molybdenum deposits, Yunnan, China-an example of Himalayan porphyry-hosted Cu-Mo mineralization: Mineralogy and Petrology, v63, p 95-117.
Rickwood P C.1989. Boundary lines within petrologic diagrams which use oxides of major and minor elements. Lithos, 22: 247-263.
Roger, F., Arnaud, N., Gilder, S., Tapponnier, P., Jolivet, M., Brunel, M., Malavieille, J., Xu, Z.Q., and Yang, J.S. 2003. Geochronological and geochemical constraints on Mesozoic suturing in east central Tibet: Tectonics, v. 22, no. 4,1037.
Roger, F., Tapponnier, P., Arnaud, N., Scharer, U., Maurice, B., Zhiqin, X., and Jingsui, Y., 2000, An Eocene magmatic belt across central Tibet: Mantle subduction triggered by the Indian collision?: Terra Nova, v. 12,102-108.
Scherer E E, K L Cameron, J Blichert Toft. 2000. Lu-Hf garnet geochronology: closure temperature relative to the Sm-Nd system and the effects of trace mineral inclusions. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 64(19): 3413-3432.
Sibson R H. 1987. Earthquake rupturing as a mineralizing agent in hydrothermal systems. Geology, 15, 701-704.
Spurlin M S, Yin A, Horton B K, Zhou J Y and Wang J H. 2005. Structural evolution of the Yushu-Nangqian region and its relationship to syncollisional igneous activity, east-central Tibet. GSA Bulletin, 117: 1293-1317.
Sun H J, Deng W M and Zhang Y Q. 2001. Petrogenesis of Cenozoic potassic volcanic rocks in the Nangqian basin. Acta Geologica Sinica, 75:27-40.
Sun S S, McDough W F. 1989. Chemical and isotope systematics of oceanic basalts: implications for mantle composition and processes in ocean Basins Geological Society Publication 42: 313-345.
Tapponnier P, Peltzer G and Le Dain A Y. 1982. Propagating extension tectonics in Asia: New insights from simple experiments with plasticine. Geology, 10:611-616.
Thompson RN. 1982. British Tertiary vocanic province. Scott. J. Geol., 18,59-107.
Wang C S, Liu Z F, Yi H S et al. 2002. Tertiary crustal shortening and peneplanation in the HohXil region: implications for the tectonic history of the northern Tibetan Plateau. Journal of Asian Earth Science. 20:211-223.
Wang G Z, Wang C S. 2001. Disintegration and age basement metamorphic rocks in Qiangtang, Tibet, China. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 44(supp): 86-93.
Wang G Z, Wang C S. 2001. Disintegration and age basement metamorphic rocks in Qiangtang, Tibet, China. Science in China Series D: Earth Sciences, 44(supp): 86-93.
Wang J H, Yin A, Harrison T M, Grove M, Zhang Y Q and Xie G H. 2001. A tectonic model for Cenozoic igneous activities in the eastern Indo-Asian collision zone. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 188: 123-133.
Wang X, Metcalfe I, Jian P, He L, Wang C. 2000. The Jinshajiang-Ailaoshan suture zone, China: tectonostratigraphy, age and evolution, JAsian Earth Sci. 18, 675-690.
Weaver B L and J Tarney. 1980. Continental crust composition and nature of the lower crust: constraints from mantle Nd-Sr isotope correlation. Nature, 286, 342-346.
Weislogel A L, Graham S A, Chang E Z, Wooden J L, Gehrels G E, Yang Hengshu. 2006. Detrital zircon provenance of the Late Triassic Songpan-Ganzi (Garze) complex: Sedimentary record of collision of the North and South China blocks. Geology, 34(2): 97-100.
Weislogel A L, Graham S A, Chang E Z, Wooden J L, Gehrels G E, Yang Hengshu. 2006. Detrital zircon provenance of the Late Triassic Songpan-Ganzi (Garze) complex: Sedimentary record of collision of the North and South China blocks. Geology, 34(2): 97-100.
Worley B A, Wilson C J L. 1996. Deformation partitioning and foliation reactivation during transpressional orogenesis,an example from the Central LongmenShan,China.J. Struct.Geol. 18:395-411
Worley B A, Wilson C J L. 1996. Deformation partitioning and foliation reactivation during transpressional orogenesis,an example from the Central LongmenShan,China.J. Struct.Geol. 18:395-411
Worley B, Powell R, Wilson C J L. 1997. Crenulation cleavage formation: evolving diffusion, deformation and equilibration mechanisms with increasing metamorphic grade. J.Struct.Geol. 19:1121-1135
Worley B, Powell R, Wilson C J L. 1997. Crenulation cleavage formation: evolving diffusion, deformation and equilibration mechanisms with increasing metamorphic grade. J.Struct.Geol. 19:1121-1135.
Xiao L, Zhang H F, Clemens J D and Wang Q.W. 2007. Late Triassic granitoids of the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau: Geochronology, petrogenesis and implications for tectonic evolution. Lithos, 96, 436-452.
Xiao L,Zhang H F,Clemens J D and Wang Q.W.2007.Late Triassic granitoids of the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau:Geochronology,petrogenesis and implications for tectonic evolution.Lithos,96,436-452.
Xu Y G,X L Huang,J L Ma,Y B Wang,Y fizuka,J F Xu,Q Wang,X Y Wu.2004.Crustal-mantle interaction during the thermo-tectonic reactivation of the North China Craton:SHRIMP zircon U-Pb age,petrology and geochemistry of Mesozoic plutons in western Shandong.Contrib.Mineral.Petrol,147:750-767.
Xue C J,Zeng R,Liu S W,Chi G X,Qing H R,Chen Y C,Yang J M and Wang D H.2007.Geologic,fluid inclusion and isotopic characteristics of the Jinding Zn-Pb deposit,Western Yunnan,South China:A review.Ore Geology Reviews,31:337-359.
Yang J H,F Y Wu,S L Chung,S A Wilde,M F Chu.2006.A hybrid origin for the Qianshan A-type granite,northeast China:Geochemical and Sr-Nd-Hf isotopic evidence.Lithos,89(1-2):89-106.
Yin A,and Harrison T M.2000.Geologic evolution of the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen.Annu.Rev.Earth Planet.Sci.,28:211-280
Yin A,Nie S.1996.A Phanerozoic palinspastic reconstruction of China and its neighboring regions.In The Tectonics of Asia,ed.A Yin,T M Harrison,pp.442-485.New York:Cambridge Univ.Press
Yuan H L,Gao S,Liu X M,Li H M,Gunther D and Wu F Y.2004.Accurate U-Pb age and trace element determinations of zircon by laser ablation-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.Geostandards and Geoanalyfical Research,28(3):353-370.
Zhang Y Q,Xie Y W.1997.Alkali-rich intrusive rocks in the Qinghai-Xizang Plateau and its vicinities as exemplified by Kuganzi and Taihe plutons.Science in China Series D:Earth Sciences,40(1):104-112.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |