新疆阿尔泰南缘铁矿遥感信息提取及找矿预测
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摘要
新疆阿尔泰南缘具有良好的成矿地质条件,是我国重要的铁、铜等多金属成矿带,成矿带具有明显的铁、铜、铅、锌等多金属物化探异常,具有很大的找矿前景。随着遥感技术的发展,将遥感技术与地质理论相结合,在工作区范围内提取铁矿相关的遥感找矿信息,结合物探、化探、地质等资料,优化找矿靶区,加快铁矿矿产的地质调查的速度。
遥感找矿是利用多光谱、高光谱等遥感数据,依据工作需求获取蚀变遥感异常信息、岩性信息、地层信息与构造信息等地质找矿信息的总和,总结遥感地质因素和矿床赋存规律,建立遥感综合找矿模型。本论文的核心是提取相关的遥感找矿信息,目的是在地质、物探、化探、遥感等多元找矿信息叠加分析下圈定找矿前景区,优选找矿靶区,并对部分异常重点区进行野外查证。
在成矿理论与遥感数据处理技术支撑下,从遥感图像中解译出岩性信息、构造信息及赋矿层位等,研究地层、构造与找矿信息的关系,实现遥感解译图的制作。实践证明,阿巴宫矿区的ASTER遥感地质解译效果优于1：5万地质图,某些细微的地层表现的更加直观细腻。
采集典型矿区的围岩样品,利用ASD分析光谱仪对样品进行反射光谱测试,并在PimaView3.1下对反射光谱曲线进行分析,得出被测样品的主要蚀变矿物组合,对波谱曲线进行重采样,分析样品在遥感数据各波段处的吸收性,为后续的蚀变遥感异常信息取时采用的波段组合提供波谱依据。对遥感数据进行校正、去干扰等步骤后,在波谱理论支持下,采用主成分分析法提取蚀变遥感异常信息,对整个工作区进行了ETM+数据蚀变信息提取,对典型矿区(例如蒙库铁矿、阿巴宫铁矿等)的ASTER数据进行蚀变异常信息提取。
在GIS平台下,对已有的地质、矿产、物探、化探成果及从遥感数据中提取的岩性信息、地层信息、构造信息、蚀变信息叠加综合分析,圈定铁矿的四个找矿前景区：恰夏-托莫尔特、小铁山-阿巴宫、蒙库、结别特-乌吐布拉克找矿靶区。在恰夏-托莫尔特找矿靶区区内,在托莫尔特铁矿外围圈定三个异常重点检查点(A、B、c)中,在A、B两点发现磁铁矿露头,结合其他资料证明托莫尔特铁矿北西侧具有找矿潜力。在蒙库找矿靶区中,在蒙库铁矿六号矿体北侧,发现一处铁矿化带,有必要进一步对此矿化点深入工作。
多元成矿信息分析和野外查证表明,遥感矿化蚀变异常信息为地质找矿提供了重要依据,同时,遥感资料及多元信息叠加分析结果为下一步的找矿勘探部署提供了基础资料和科学依据。
The South of Altay which has a good ore-forming geological conditions is an important mineralization belt of Fe and Cu. The aeromagnetic and geochemical anomalies of Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn show there have great potential to search ore deposits in this mineralization belt. With the development of remote sensing technology, combining the remote sensing and geological theory to extract remote sensing prospecting information for Fe ore in work area. Combining the aeromagnetic, geochemical and remote sensing anomalies and prospecting areas for finding deposits can speed up geologic survey.
Remote sensing prospecting information is to extract alteration anomalies information, lithology information, strata information, structure information from remote sensing data, such as multi-spectral, hyper-spectral and radar data to summarize the remote sensing geology factors and pattern of deposit occurance, and construct integration ore hunting model of remote sensing characters. The purpose of this paper is optimize targets, under prospecting information overlap analysis of geology, aeromagneic, geochemical and anomalies information from remote sensing in field.
With the support of mineralization theory and data processing technology, remote sensing data can be interpreted lithologic, structural, strata information and so on. We can research the relation of lithology, structure, prospecting information and make remote sensing interpretation map. Practice show that interpretation of remote sensing is better than 1:50000 geological map at Abagong area.
Using ASD to measure reflection spectra of country rocks in typical area and using PimaView3.1 to analysis reflection spectral curves to gain altered mineral assemblages. Mathematic integral method has been carried on the reflectance spectra and separately obtained the strong absorptive bands of remote sensing data, which guide selecting band combination in extracting alteration anomalies information from remote sensing data. After data correction and interference-removing, extract alteration anomalies information for the whole work area from ETM+ and typical ore area from ASTER.
According to comprehensive analysis of geological information, aeromagnetic, geochemical information and RS information including alteration anomalies, lithology, strata, structure information on GIS platform. Four mineralization perspective areas are predicted: Qiaxia-Tuomoerte, Xiaotieshan-Abagong Mengku and Jiebiete-Wutubulake perspective areas. In Qiaxia-tuomoerte optimize target, two of the three key points have been checked and A and B points show mineralization. In Mengku optimize target, a magnetite belt about 30m broad and above 60m length has been found at the north of Mengku No.6 orebody.
Multi mineralization information analysis and field investigation show that remote sensing alteration information providing important basis for geological exploration. At the same time, remote sensing data and multi mineralization information overlap analysis provides scientific evidence and basic data for next exploration deployment.
遥感找矿是利用多光谱、高光谱等遥感数据,依据工作需求获取蚀变遥感异常信息、岩性信息、地层信息与构造信息等地质找矿信息的总和,总结遥感地质因素和矿床赋存规律,建立遥感综合找矿模型。本论文的核心是提取相关的遥感找矿信息,目的是在地质、物探、化探、遥感等多元找矿信息叠加分析下圈定找矿前景区,优选找矿靶区,并对部分异常重点区进行野外查证。
在成矿理论与遥感数据处理技术支撑下,从遥感图像中解译出岩性信息、构造信息及赋矿层位等,研究地层、构造与找矿信息的关系,实现遥感解译图的制作。实践证明,阿巴宫矿区的ASTER遥感地质解译效果优于1：5万地质图,某些细微的地层表现的更加直观细腻。
采集典型矿区的围岩样品,利用ASD分析光谱仪对样品进行反射光谱测试,并在PimaView3.1下对反射光谱曲线进行分析,得出被测样品的主要蚀变矿物组合,对波谱曲线进行重采样,分析样品在遥感数据各波段处的吸收性,为后续的蚀变遥感异常信息取时采用的波段组合提供波谱依据。对遥感数据进行校正、去干扰等步骤后,在波谱理论支持下,采用主成分分析法提取蚀变遥感异常信息,对整个工作区进行了ETM+数据蚀变信息提取,对典型矿区(例如蒙库铁矿、阿巴宫铁矿等)的ASTER数据进行蚀变异常信息提取。
在GIS平台下,对已有的地质、矿产、物探、化探成果及从遥感数据中提取的岩性信息、地层信息、构造信息、蚀变信息叠加综合分析,圈定铁矿的四个找矿前景区：恰夏-托莫尔特、小铁山-阿巴宫、蒙库、结别特-乌吐布拉克找矿靶区。在恰夏-托莫尔特找矿靶区区内,在托莫尔特铁矿外围圈定三个异常重点检查点(A、B、c)中,在A、B两点发现磁铁矿露头,结合其他资料证明托莫尔特铁矿北西侧具有找矿潜力。在蒙库找矿靶区中,在蒙库铁矿六号矿体北侧,发现一处铁矿化带,有必要进一步对此矿化点深入工作。
多元成矿信息分析和野外查证表明,遥感矿化蚀变异常信息为地质找矿提供了重要依据,同时,遥感资料及多元信息叠加分析结果为下一步的找矿勘探部署提供了基础资料和科学依据。
The South of Altay which has a good ore-forming geological conditions is an important mineralization belt of Fe and Cu. The aeromagnetic and geochemical anomalies of Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn show there have great potential to search ore deposits in this mineralization belt. With the development of remote sensing technology, combining the remote sensing and geological theory to extract remote sensing prospecting information for Fe ore in work area. Combining the aeromagnetic, geochemical and remote sensing anomalies and prospecting areas for finding deposits can speed up geologic survey.
Remote sensing prospecting information is to extract alteration anomalies information, lithology information, strata information, structure information from remote sensing data, such as multi-spectral, hyper-spectral and radar data to summarize the remote sensing geology factors and pattern of deposit occurance, and construct integration ore hunting model of remote sensing characters. The purpose of this paper is optimize targets, under prospecting information overlap analysis of geology, aeromagneic, geochemical and anomalies information from remote sensing in field.
With the support of mineralization theory and data processing technology, remote sensing data can be interpreted lithologic, structural, strata information and so on. We can research the relation of lithology, structure, prospecting information and make remote sensing interpretation map. Practice show that interpretation of remote sensing is better than 1:50000 geological map at Abagong area.
Using ASD to measure reflection spectra of country rocks in typical area and using PimaView3.1 to analysis reflection spectral curves to gain altered mineral assemblages. Mathematic integral method has been carried on the reflectance spectra and separately obtained the strong absorptive bands of remote sensing data, which guide selecting band combination in extracting alteration anomalies information from remote sensing data. After data correction and interference-removing, extract alteration anomalies information for the whole work area from ETM+ and typical ore area from ASTER.
According to comprehensive analysis of geological information, aeromagnetic, geochemical information and RS information including alteration anomalies, lithology, strata, structure information on GIS platform. Four mineralization perspective areas are predicted: Qiaxia-Tuomoerte, Xiaotieshan-Abagong Mengku and Jiebiete-Wutubulake perspective areas. In Qiaxia-tuomoerte optimize target, two of the three key points have been checked and A and B points show mineralization. In Mengku optimize target, a magnetite belt about 30m broad and above 60m length has been found at the north of Mengku No.6 orebody.
Multi mineralization information analysis and field investigation show that remote sensing alteration information providing important basis for geological exploration. At the same time, remote sensing data and multi mineralization information overlap analysis provides scientific evidence and basic data for next exploration deployment.
引文
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* 徐林刚.2007.新疆富蕴县蒙库铁矿地质地球化学特征及成因探讨.中国地质大学硕士毕业论文.
* 国家科技部十一五项目“新疆大型矿集区预测与勘查关键技术研究”课题的“阿尔泰火山岩型大型铁矿床找矿靶区预测和评价技术与应用研究”,2011。
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* 国家科技部十一五项目“新疆大型矿集区预测与勘查关键技术研究”课题的“阿尔泰火山岩型大型铁矿床找矿靶区预测和评价技术与应用研究”,2011。
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