非血管化转移盘牵张成骨的超微结构研究
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摘要
目的建立非血管化转移盘牵张成骨修复下颌骨缺损的动物模型,探索非血管化转移盘牵张成骨的成骨机理及生物学作用机制。
方法选用6条本地成年狗,建立动物模型,随机分组,每2条一组;分别在牵张后固定1周、固定4周、固定12周时处死动物,进行放射学观察及电镜研究,检查新生骨及新生骨与转移盘接触面的形态、构成,使用能谱仪测定新生骨的钙、磷质量百分比。
结果实验用狗的下颌骨缺损畸形被转移盘成功修复,X光片见骨质钙化良好。电镜观察到非血管化转移盘被新生骨替代,新生骨的形态、结构及钙、磷质量百分比与原有骨近似。
结论在国际上首次建立了非血管化转移盘牵张成骨的动物模型,并对其成骨机理进行分析,认识到非血管化转移盘牵张成骨的机理与以往不同,非血管化转移盘牵张成骨以膜性成骨的方式形成新骨,新生骨首先出现在下颌骨缺损舌侧,逐渐填充下颌骨缺损。
Objective: developing an experimental model to reconstruction dog’s mandibular defects by distraction osteogenesis of nonvascularized trans- port disc,to study osteogenesis mechanism and biological mechanism of action in distraction osteognesis of nonvascularized transport disc.
Mehthods: we select 6 adult dogs, developing an experimental model,randomized grouping;two dogs were respectively killed at different time points(1 week, 4weeks,12 weeks after consolidation).The regenerated bonewere observed by radiology and electron microscopy,detecting morphologyand structure which regenerated bone and the contact plane of regeneratedbone and transport disc.The mineral content was measured by electron di-spersive spectroscopy.
Result:the mandibular defects were reconstructed successfully at the medial transport plates.X-ray and organ images confirm regenerated bone exhibited intramembranous ossification generally.It is observed that nonva- scularized transport disc were substituted by regenerated bone. The rege- nerated bone is similar in morphology .Structure and mineral of the rege-nerated bone content to normal bone.
Conclusion:developing an experimental model to reconstruction dog’s mandibular defects by distraction osteogenesis of nonvascularized trans-port disc in China and abroad for the first time.We also study osteogene-sis mechanism in distraction osteogenesis of nonvascularized transport disc. It is different that the osteogenesis mechanism in distraction osteognesis of nonvascularized transport disc and previous.The regenerated bone is m-embrane bone in distraction osteognesis of nonvascularized transport disc.The site of regenerated bone formed on lingual side of mandibular defect.
方法选用6条本地成年狗,建立动物模型,随机分组,每2条一组;分别在牵张后固定1周、固定4周、固定12周时处死动物,进行放射学观察及电镜研究,检查新生骨及新生骨与转移盘接触面的形态、构成,使用能谱仪测定新生骨的钙、磷质量百分比。
结果实验用狗的下颌骨缺损畸形被转移盘成功修复,X光片见骨质钙化良好。电镜观察到非血管化转移盘被新生骨替代,新生骨的形态、结构及钙、磷质量百分比与原有骨近似。
结论在国际上首次建立了非血管化转移盘牵张成骨的动物模型,并对其成骨机理进行分析,认识到非血管化转移盘牵张成骨的机理与以往不同,非血管化转移盘牵张成骨以膜性成骨的方式形成新骨,新生骨首先出现在下颌骨缺损舌侧,逐渐填充下颌骨缺损。
Objective: developing an experimental model to reconstruction dog’s mandibular defects by distraction osteogenesis of nonvascularized trans- port disc,to study osteogenesis mechanism and biological mechanism of action in distraction osteognesis of nonvascularized transport disc.
Mehthods: we select 6 adult dogs, developing an experimental model,randomized grouping;two dogs were respectively killed at different time points(1 week, 4weeks,12 weeks after consolidation).The regenerated bonewere observed by radiology and electron microscopy,detecting morphologyand structure which regenerated bone and the contact plane of regeneratedbone and transport disc.The mineral content was measured by electron di-spersive spectroscopy.
Result:the mandibular defects were reconstructed successfully at the medial transport plates.X-ray and organ images confirm regenerated bone exhibited intramembranous ossification generally.It is observed that nonva- scularized transport disc were substituted by regenerated bone. The rege- nerated bone is similar in morphology .Structure and mineral of the rege-nerated bone content to normal bone.
Conclusion:developing an experimental model to reconstruction dog’s mandibular defects by distraction osteogenesis of nonvascularized trans-port disc in China and abroad for the first time.We also study osteogene-sis mechanism in distraction osteogenesis of nonvascularized transport disc. It is different that the osteogenesis mechanism in distraction osteognesis of nonvascularized transport disc and previous.The regenerated bone is m-embrane bone in distraction osteognesis of nonvascularized transport disc.The site of regenerated bone formed on lingual side of mandibular defect.
引文
[1] Costantino PD , Shybut G, Friedman CD , et al. Segmental mandi- bular regeneration by distraction osteogenesis. [J] Arch Otolaryn- gol Head Neck Surg,1990 ; 116 :535
[2]胡静,王大章。正颌外科。[M]人民卫生出版社,2006,172.
[3]金行晴,邱慰六,林国础。血管化和非血管化骨移植种植体与骨结合的比较研究。[J]华西口腔医学杂志,1993,11(3):163-166.
[4]杨连甲,金岩,胡蕴玉。口腔和骨科的生物活性材料。[M]陕西科学技术出版社,1993,113.
[5] Ilizarov GA.The tension-stress effect on the genesis and growth of tissues.Clin Orthop,1989,238:249-263.8
[6]周诺,麦华明,梁飞新,等。BMP-2、bFGF在牵张成骨中的表达及意义[J]口腔医学研究杂志,2004,20(5):465-468.
[7]周诺,麦华明,梁飞新,等。下颌骨牵引成骨与直接延长术的组织学比较。[J]口腔医学研究杂志,2004,20(2):116-118.
[8] Ashinoff R L, Cetrulo C L, Galiano R D, et al. Bone morphogenic protein- 2 gene therapy for mandibular distraction osteogenesis[J]. Ann Plast Surg, 2004, 52: 585- 590.
[9]周诺,梁飞新,韦山良等。TGF-β1在下颌骨牵张成骨中的局部表达及作用的实验研究[J]。实用口腔医学杂志,2004,20(6):670-673.
[10]徐丛,王志强,徐世田,等。不同骨密度人股骨头承重区骨超微结构比较[J]。中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,11(2):286-289.
[11] Keaveny TM,Morgan EF,Niebur GL,et al.Biomechanics of trabecu- lar bone.Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2001;3:307-333.
[12]李宝兴,马洪强,陈学英,等。骨肉瘤患者同种异体骨移植后的组织学与扫描电镜观察[J]。中国骨肿瘤骨病,2008,(7)3:138-141.
[13]郝永强,戴尅戎?侵适杷尚怨钦塾系南赴⒔峁构鄄靃J]。中华骨科杂志,2004,(24)11:670-673.
[14]郝永强,戴尅戎?侵适杷尚怨钦塾瞎讨?PDGF-A与PDGF-αR的表达,中华骨科杂志,2002,22(12):743-746.
[15] Aarden EM,Burger EH,Nijweide PJ.Function of osteocytes in bone.J Cell Biochem,1994,55(3):287-299
[16]龚飞飞,周来生,李容新等。无机活性元素组织工程支架材料重建修复山羊颌骨缺损的扫描电镜观察[J]。口腔医学研究杂志,2008,24(1):12-15.
[17]张兴凯,杨庆铭,邓廉夫,等。成人成骨细胞体外培养[J]。中华外科杂志,2000,(38)1:51-54.
[18] Salo J,Lehenkari P,Mulari M,et al.Removal of osteoclast bone resorption products by transcytosis,Science,1997,276:270-273.
[19] Olszta MJ,Douglas EP,Gower LB,Scanning electron microscopic analysis of the mineralization of typeⅠcollagenviaapolymer—in- duced liquid—precursor(PILP)process.Calcif Tissue Int, 200 3,72:583-591.
[20] Stephen AN and Michael AH.Trafficking of matrix collagens throu- gh bone-resorbing osteoclasts.Science,1997,276:266-269.
[21]刘兵,朱力,李宁等。口内牵引成骨修复下颌骨缺损的扫描电镜研究[J]。实用口腔医学杂志,2004,20(6):711-713.
[22] Wang X, Bank RA , TeKoppele JM, et al . Effect of collagen de- naturation on the toughness of bone[J]. Clin Orthop ,2000 , (371) : 228
[23] DeCoster TA , Simpson AH , Wood M, et al . Biologic model of bone transport distraction osteogenesis and vascular response[J]. Orthop Res ,1999 , 17 (2)∶238 - 245
[24]柴本甫,汤雪明。实验性骨折愈合的细胞生物学。[J]中华骨科杂志,1991 ,11(3)∶203– 206
[25]李继华,王大章,胡静。牵张成骨术在延长下颌骨中新骨生成方式的研究。[J]中国修复重建外科杂志,2002 ,16(2)∶83– 85
[26]周诺,黄旋平,廖妮等。人骨形态发生蛋白-2基因克隆及真核表达载体的构建。[J]华西口腔医学杂志,2007,25(5):487-489.
[1]胡静,王大章.正颌外科[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006,171-172.
[2] Farhadieh RD, GianoutsosMP, Yu Y. The role of bone morphoge- netic proteins BMP-2 and BMP-4 and their related postrecep tor sig- naling system ( Smads) in distraction osteogenesis of the mandible. [J ]Craniofac Surg, 2004, 15 (5) : 714.
[3] Ashinoff R L, Cetrulo C L, Galiano R D, et al. Bone morphogenic protein- 2 gene therapy for mandibular distraction osteogenesis[J]. Ann Plast Surg, 2004, 52: 585- 590.
[4] Yazawa M, Kishi K, Nakajima H, et al. Expression of bone mor- phogenetic proteins during mandibular distraction osteogenesis in rabbits [J]Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2003, 6(1 5):587- 592.
[5] Terheyden H,Wang H,Warnke PH,et al.Acceleration of callus matu- ration using rhOP-1 in mandibular distraction osteogenesis in a rat model[J].Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg,2003,32(5): 528-533.
[6] Sojok,Sawakiy,Hattorih,et al.ImmunohistochemIcal study of vas- cular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein-2,-4 (BMP- 2,-4) on lengthened rat femurs[J].J Craniomax- illofac Surg,2005,33(4):238-245.
[7] Haque T, Amako M, Nakada S, et al. An immunohistochemical analysis of the temporal and spatial exp ression of growth factors FGF 1, 2 and 18, IGF 1 and 2, and TGFbeta1 during distraction osteogenesis. [J ]HistolHistopathol, 2007, 22 (2) : 119～128.
[8]胡静,王志国,高占巍,等.成纤维细胞生长因子对兔下颌牵张成骨的影响[J ].临床口腔医学杂志, 2002, 18 (1) : 6～7 .
[9] Weibrich G, kleis WK, Hafner G. Growth factor levels in the plat- elet– rich plasma produced by 2 different methods: curasan- type PRP Kit versus PCCS PRP system [ J ]. Int J OralMaxillofac Imp lants, 2002, 17∶184 190.
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[28] Costantino PD , Shybut G, Friedman CD , et al. Seg-mental mandi- bular regeneration by distraction osteoge-nesis. Arch Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg ,1990 ; 116 :535
[29] Costantino PD , Friedman CD , Shindo ML , et al. Ex-perimental mandibular regrowth by distraction osteo-genesis. Arch Otolaryn- gol Head Neck Surg , 1993 ;119 :511
[30]应彬彬,胡静,李继华等。用三焦点牵张成骨技术修复重建颏部缺损的实验研究。【J】实用口腔医学杂志,2006,22(3):592-892.
[31]孙健,王兴,李宁毅等。应用三焦点牵引成骨术重建下颌骨缺损的初步临床研究。【J】中国口腔颌面外科杂志,2005,3(3):202-206.
[32]祝颂松,胡静,李继华等。运用输送盘牵张成骨术重建猴下颌髁突的实验研究。[J]华西口腔医学杂志,2007,25(1):86-89.
[2]胡静,王大章。正颌外科。[M]人民卫生出版社,2006,172.
[3]金行晴,邱慰六,林国础。血管化和非血管化骨移植种植体与骨结合的比较研究。[J]华西口腔医学杂志,1993,11(3):163-166.
[4]杨连甲,金岩,胡蕴玉。口腔和骨科的生物活性材料。[M]陕西科学技术出版社,1993,113.
[5] Ilizarov GA.The tension-stress effect on the genesis and growth of tissues.Clin Orthop,1989,238:249-263.8
[6]周诺,麦华明,梁飞新,等。BMP-2、bFGF在牵张成骨中的表达及意义[J]口腔医学研究杂志,2004,20(5):465-468.
[7]周诺,麦华明,梁飞新,等。下颌骨牵引成骨与直接延长术的组织学比较。[J]口腔医学研究杂志,2004,20(2):116-118.
[8] Ashinoff R L, Cetrulo C L, Galiano R D, et al. Bone morphogenic protein- 2 gene therapy for mandibular distraction osteogenesis[J]. Ann Plast Surg, 2004, 52: 585- 590.
[9]周诺,梁飞新,韦山良等。TGF-β1在下颌骨牵张成骨中的局部表达及作用的实验研究[J]。实用口腔医学杂志,2004,20(6):670-673.
[10]徐丛,王志强,徐世田,等。不同骨密度人股骨头承重区骨超微结构比较[J]。中国组织工程研究与临床康复,2007,11(2):286-289.
[11] Keaveny TM,Morgan EF,Niebur GL,et al.Biomechanics of trabecu- lar bone.Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2001;3:307-333.
[12]李宝兴,马洪强,陈学英,等。骨肉瘤患者同种异体骨移植后的组织学与扫描电镜观察[J]。中国骨肿瘤骨病,2008,(7)3:138-141.
[13]郝永强,戴尅戎?侵适杷尚怨钦塾系南赴⒔峁构鄄靃J]。中华骨科杂志,2004,(24)11:670-673.
[14]郝永强,戴尅戎?侵适杷尚怨钦塾瞎讨?PDGF-A与PDGF-αR的表达,中华骨科杂志,2002,22(12):743-746.
[15] Aarden EM,Burger EH,Nijweide PJ.Function of osteocytes in bone.J Cell Biochem,1994,55(3):287-299
[16]龚飞飞,周来生,李容新等。无机活性元素组织工程支架材料重建修复山羊颌骨缺损的扫描电镜观察[J]。口腔医学研究杂志,2008,24(1):12-15.
[17]张兴凯,杨庆铭,邓廉夫,等。成人成骨细胞体外培养[J]。中华外科杂志,2000,(38)1:51-54.
[18] Salo J,Lehenkari P,Mulari M,et al.Removal of osteoclast bone resorption products by transcytosis,Science,1997,276:270-273.
[19] Olszta MJ,Douglas EP,Gower LB,Scanning electron microscopic analysis of the mineralization of typeⅠcollagenviaapolymer—in- duced liquid—precursor(PILP)process.Calcif Tissue Int, 200 3,72:583-591.
[20] Stephen AN and Michael AH.Trafficking of matrix collagens throu- gh bone-resorbing osteoclasts.Science,1997,276:266-269.
[21]刘兵,朱力,李宁等。口内牵引成骨修复下颌骨缺损的扫描电镜研究[J]。实用口腔医学杂志,2004,20(6):711-713.
[22] Wang X, Bank RA , TeKoppele JM, et al . Effect of collagen de- naturation on the toughness of bone[J]. Clin Orthop ,2000 , (371) : 228
[23] DeCoster TA , Simpson AH , Wood M, et al . Biologic model of bone transport distraction osteogenesis and vascular response[J]. Orthop Res ,1999 , 17 (2)∶238 - 245
[24]柴本甫,汤雪明。实验性骨折愈合的细胞生物学。[J]中华骨科杂志,1991 ,11(3)∶203– 206
[25]李继华,王大章,胡静。牵张成骨术在延长下颌骨中新骨生成方式的研究。[J]中国修复重建外科杂志,2002 ,16(2)∶83– 85
[26]周诺,黄旋平,廖妮等。人骨形态发生蛋白-2基因克隆及真核表达载体的构建。[J]华西口腔医学杂志,2007,25(5):487-489.
[1]胡静,王大章.正颌外科[M].北京:人民卫生出版社,2006,171-172.
[2] Farhadieh RD, GianoutsosMP, Yu Y. The role of bone morphoge- netic proteins BMP-2 and BMP-4 and their related postrecep tor sig- naling system ( Smads) in distraction osteogenesis of the mandible. [J ]Craniofac Surg, 2004, 15 (5) : 714.
[3] Ashinoff R L, Cetrulo C L, Galiano R D, et al. Bone morphogenic protein- 2 gene therapy for mandibular distraction osteogenesis[J]. Ann Plast Surg, 2004, 52: 585- 590.
[4] Yazawa M, Kishi K, Nakajima H, et al. Expression of bone mor- phogenetic proteins during mandibular distraction osteogenesis in rabbits [J]Oral Maxillofac Surg, 2003, 6(1 5):587- 592.
[5] Terheyden H,Wang H,Warnke PH,et al.Acceleration of callus matu- ration using rhOP-1 in mandibular distraction osteogenesis in a rat model[J].Int J Oral Maxillofac Surg,2003,32(5): 528-533.
[6] Sojok,Sawakiy,Hattorih,et al.ImmunohistochemIcal study of vas- cular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and bone morphogenetic protein-2,-4 (BMP- 2,-4) on lengthened rat femurs[J].J Craniomax- illofac Surg,2005,33(4):238-245.
[7] Haque T, Amako M, Nakada S, et al. An immunohistochemical analysis of the temporal and spatial exp ression of growth factors FGF 1, 2 and 18, IGF 1 and 2, and TGFbeta1 during distraction osteogenesis. [J ]HistolHistopathol, 2007, 22 (2) : 119～128.
[8]胡静,王志国,高占巍,等.成纤维细胞生长因子对兔下颌牵张成骨的影响[J ].临床口腔医学杂志, 2002, 18 (1) : 6～7 .
[9] Weibrich G, kleis WK, Hafner G. Growth factor levels in the plat- elet– rich plasma produced by 2 different methods: curasan- type PRP Kit versus PCCS PRP system [ J ]. Int J OralMaxillofac Imp lants, 2002, 17∶184 190.
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