大型地震数据采集记录系统中数据传输的关键技术研究
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摘要
传感技术、计算机技术、通信技术和存储技术的融合极大地促进了地震勘探技术的发展,从而进一步刺激了地质勘探的需求。大规模、全数字化和高实时性是当前地震勘探仪器的发展趋势,因此,实时数据传输能力的提高成为地震勘探仪器亟待解决的问题。论文在深入研究大型地震数据采集记录系统(Large-scale Seismic Acquistion and Recording System,LSARS)中地震专用电缆的信道容量和可靠性基础之上,以低功耗为目标对系统进行分析、研究、改进和实现,为LSARS的应用提供了坚实的理论和实践基础,主要内容包括:
分析了单条传输线内部的码间串扰,以及码间串扰与频率之间的关系;分析了同一时刻不同传输线之间的相互影响。针对LSARS全双工通信的特点,对通用MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)模型进行改进,提出了扩展MIMO模型和基于该模型的串扰消减策略,提高了信道的信噪比和信道容量,同时降低了数据传输系统对发送功率的要求。
为了提高数据传输的可靠性,研究了8B/10B调制信道下的低功耗帧同步和纠错算法。根据8B/10B编码和可编程逻辑的特点,通过硬判决和同步码的加长,对相关(correlation)算法进行改进,解决了8B/10B调制信道中同步码为单个控制字时同步性能不足的问题。理论分析和实验结果表明,该算法具有误同步率低、复杂度低、易于硬件和可编程逻辑实现等特点。对Reed-Solomon解码器的RiBM(Reformulated inversionless Berlekamp-Massey)算法进行串行化处理,提出了ARiBM(Area-efficient RiBM)算法和基于该算法的多通道复用解码器,解决了RiBM算法复杂度高、功耗大的问题,促进了Reed-Solomon码在LSARS中的应用。理论分析和实验结果表明,ARiBM算法在满足LSARS解码速度的同时,大大降低了解码器的复杂度。
针对研制的LSARS数据传输系统及相关实验平台,进行了室内测试实验和野外生产实践,通过与现有国外设备的比较,测定和验证了该数据传输系统的实时传输能力、高可靠性和低功耗特性。
The fusion of sensor, computer, communication and storage technologies greatly accelerates the development of seismic exploration technology, and therefore stimulates the need of geological exploration further. Nowadays, large-scale, full-digitalization and high real-time are the three development trends of current seismic exploration equipment, which make it urgent to improve the real-time ability of data transmission system. Based on the research of channel capacity and reliability of seismic specific cable in Large-scale Seismic Acquisition and Recording System (LSARS), this dissertation analyzes, researches, improves and realizes a low power data transmission system, and consequently provides a theory and experiment foundation for the applications of LSARS. The main contents of this dissertation are described as follows:
First, the dissertation analyzes and studies the Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) and the relationship between ISI and frequency in one transmission line, and the interaction between different transmission lines at the same time. Second, because of the full duplex characteristic of LSARS, the general MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) model is improved, a new model, i.e. the extended MIMO model, and crosstalk elimination based on it are proposed. Therefore, the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and channel capacity are improved, and the transmission power requirement is also reduced.
To improve the reliability of data transmission, this dissertation also studies the energy-efficient frame synchronization algorithm and error correction algorithm on 8B/10B modulated channel. According to the characteristic of 8B/10B coding and programmable logic, the inadequate performance of conventional synchronization scheme with single control word on 8B/10B channel is solved by hard decision correlation algorithm and lengthening of synchronization code. The theory analysis and experiment results show that the improved algorithm has lower error synchronization rate, lower complexity and makes the hardware and programmable logic easier to implement. By the serialization of Reformulated inversionless Berlekamp-Massey (RiBM) algorithm of Reed-Solomon (RS) decoder, an Area-efficient RiBM (ARiBM) algorithm and a multiplex decoder based on it are proposed. The improved algorithm solves the problem of high complexity and high power consumption of RiBM decoder, and makes RS code be applied successfully in LSARS. The theory analysis and experiment results show that the improved algorithm meets the requirements of the decoding speed of LSARS, and decreases the decoding complexity significantly.
Indoor tests and filed experiments are carried out on the developed data transmission system and relative experiment platform of LSARS. The comparison results with foreign similar equipments show that the data transmission system performs better in the fields of real-time ability, high reliability and low power consumption.
分析了单条传输线内部的码间串扰,以及码间串扰与频率之间的关系;分析了同一时刻不同传输线之间的相互影响。针对LSARS全双工通信的特点,对通用MIMO(Multiple-Input Multiple-Output)模型进行改进,提出了扩展MIMO模型和基于该模型的串扰消减策略,提高了信道的信噪比和信道容量,同时降低了数据传输系统对发送功率的要求。
为了提高数据传输的可靠性,研究了8B/10B调制信道下的低功耗帧同步和纠错算法。根据8B/10B编码和可编程逻辑的特点,通过硬判决和同步码的加长,对相关(correlation)算法进行改进,解决了8B/10B调制信道中同步码为单个控制字时同步性能不足的问题。理论分析和实验结果表明,该算法具有误同步率低、复杂度低、易于硬件和可编程逻辑实现等特点。对Reed-Solomon解码器的RiBM(Reformulated inversionless Berlekamp-Massey)算法进行串行化处理,提出了ARiBM(Area-efficient RiBM)算法和基于该算法的多通道复用解码器,解决了RiBM算法复杂度高、功耗大的问题,促进了Reed-Solomon码在LSARS中的应用。理论分析和实验结果表明,ARiBM算法在满足LSARS解码速度的同时,大大降低了解码器的复杂度。
针对研制的LSARS数据传输系统及相关实验平台,进行了室内测试实验和野外生产实践,通过与现有国外设备的比较,测定和验证了该数据传输系统的实时传输能力、高可靠性和低功耗特性。
The fusion of sensor, computer, communication and storage technologies greatly accelerates the development of seismic exploration technology, and therefore stimulates the need of geological exploration further. Nowadays, large-scale, full-digitalization and high real-time are the three development trends of current seismic exploration equipment, which make it urgent to improve the real-time ability of data transmission system. Based on the research of channel capacity and reliability of seismic specific cable in Large-scale Seismic Acquisition and Recording System (LSARS), this dissertation analyzes, researches, improves and realizes a low power data transmission system, and consequently provides a theory and experiment foundation for the applications of LSARS. The main contents of this dissertation are described as follows:
First, the dissertation analyzes and studies the Inter Symbol Interference (ISI) and the relationship between ISI and frequency in one transmission line, and the interaction between different transmission lines at the same time. Second, because of the full duplex characteristic of LSARS, the general MIMO (Multiple-Input Multiple-Output) model is improved, a new model, i.e. the extended MIMO model, and crosstalk elimination based on it are proposed. Therefore, the Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) and channel capacity are improved, and the transmission power requirement is also reduced.
To improve the reliability of data transmission, this dissertation also studies the energy-efficient frame synchronization algorithm and error correction algorithm on 8B/10B modulated channel. According to the characteristic of 8B/10B coding and programmable logic, the inadequate performance of conventional synchronization scheme with single control word on 8B/10B channel is solved by hard decision correlation algorithm and lengthening of synchronization code. The theory analysis and experiment results show that the improved algorithm has lower error synchronization rate, lower complexity and makes the hardware and programmable logic easier to implement. By the serialization of Reformulated inversionless Berlekamp-Massey (RiBM) algorithm of Reed-Solomon (RS) decoder, an Area-efficient RiBM (ARiBM) algorithm and a multiplex decoder based on it are proposed. The improved algorithm solves the problem of high complexity and high power consumption of RiBM decoder, and makes RS code be applied successfully in LSARS. The theory analysis and experiment results show that the improved algorithm meets the requirements of the decoding speed of LSARS, and decreases the decoding complexity significantly.
Indoor tests and filed experiments are carried out on the developed data transmission system and relative experiment platform of LSARS. The comparison results with foreign similar equipments show that the data transmission system performs better in the fields of real-time ability, high reliability and low power consumption.
引文
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