桥建合一大型站房结构关键技术研究
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摘要
“十一五”期间,我国逐步发展成为世界上高速铁路发展最快、系统技术最全、集成能力最强、运营里程最长、运营速度最高、在建规模最大的国家。国家发改委宏观研究院表示,未来五年内我国高速铁路建设将维持大规模投入,投资额将保持在每年7000亿元左右。
与之相应的配套站房建设也随之快速进行。在站房结构形式上多采用桥建合一的结构形式。该结构形式能提供较大的内部空间,同时给乘客提供良好的视觉效果。这类结构的屋盖结构一般采用大跨度空间网架屋盖结构,具有整体刚度好、质量轻、柔性大、阻尼小等特点,但由于该类结构主要采用钢材,而钢结构特别是焊接钢结构对动荷载特别敏感。在桥建合一的结构形式中,高速列车通过的轨道桥梁是上部大跨结构的基础。因此,高速列车引起的桥梁动力响应会影响对上部结构。针对这一特点,本文研究了大跨、轻柔、焊接钢结构在高速列车通过时的动力响应以及由此引发的结构疲劳和振动舒适度等关键技术。进行了如下几方面的工作：
1.移动荷载作用下车桥系统的耦合分析
以武汉火车站为工程背景,建立高速列车荷载作用下的车桥耦合分析模型,分析桥梁的动力响应特性。
2.列车荷载作用下大跨度空间钢结构的动力响应分析
通过移动荷载-桥梁计算模型,计算得出桥梁支座处的反力,并与实测结果进行比较分析；并以此为基础,建立大跨度结构的有限元模型,分析其动力响应特性。
3.列车荷载作用下站桥合一结构的振动舒适度研究
以数值模拟和现场实测比较分析了,武汉站的站台、候车及办公区间的振动舒适度。
4.由高速列车荷载影响下焊接钢结构疲劳寿命
针对两类关键性的铸钢节点(柱角铸钢节点和多管下弦铸钢节点),建立其包含焊缝的精细有限元模型。基于线性累积损伤理论,预测结构在车振荷载影响下的疲劳寿命；
5.考虑人群荷载影响的桥建合一结构振动舒适度研究
考虑到目前由人群荷载引起的结构动力安全和舒适度问题正越来越受到人们的关注,以郑州东站为背景,研究了考虑人群荷载影响的结构的振动舒适度。
本文研究成果对确保站桥合一结构安全使用具有重要意义,研究成果可为国内今后类似工程的动力分析与设计提供参考。
Recent years, the construction of high speed railway develop fastly. According to announcement of the national development and reform commission, in the future five years, the investment of high-speed railway construction will maintain the present status, the annual investment 7,000 billion yuan.
The ancillary facility is also large-scale construct, such as station building. The structure of bridge-building is widely used to the station building. The features of which is that larger interior space and good visual effect. its roof is designed to use long-span space frame roof structure and adopts steel to be the building materials. The characteristics of this kind of structure is that good holistic stiffness, light mass, large flexible and small damping. But it is sensitive to the dynamic loads. In the bridge-building structure, the railway beam which is carrying the high-speed railway is the foundation of the upper large-span structure. So the dynamic rasponse due to high-speed railway loads can influence on the upper structure. In this paper, the dynamic response of large-span structure due to high-speed railway is researched. the following research works are carried out:
1. Coupled analysis of train-bridge system due to moving loads.
The engineering background is Wuhan railway station. The coupled analysis model of train-bridge system is done due to high-speed train loads. The dynamic characteristic of train-bridge is analysised.
2. the dynamic response analysis of large-span construct due to high-speed train loads
The reaction at support is get from the model of train-bridge calculation, that is compared with the measurement results to ensure the accuracy. And based on it, the finite element model of large-span structure is eatablished. The dynamic response of large-span structure is analysis.
3. Vibration comfort research of bridge-building structure due to high-speed train loads
The vibration comfort of wuhan railway station is done by the method of the numerical simulation and in-situ measurement. Measure point is located in the platform, waiting room and office area of Wuhan railway station.
4. The fatigue analysis of large-span structure due to high-speed train loads
The finite element model of two types of cast steel joints(cast steel joint at column angle and cast steel joint at bottom chord) is established. Based on the linear accumulative damage theory, the fatigue charateristic is analysised.
5. Vibration comfort research of bridge-building structure due to co- work of high-speed train loads and pedestrian loads.
Now, the safety and vibration comfort probrlem due to pedestrian loads are more and more attention. In this text, the influence of pedestrian loads is considered. The virbation comfort of zhengzhou east railway station is analysis due to the pedestrian loads and high-speed train loads.
The research of this paper is significant to ensure the safe use of bridge-buidling structure. For the domestic the similar projects in the future, the research of this paper can provide the reference to the dynamic analysis and structure design.
与之相应的配套站房建设也随之快速进行。在站房结构形式上多采用桥建合一的结构形式。该结构形式能提供较大的内部空间,同时给乘客提供良好的视觉效果。这类结构的屋盖结构一般采用大跨度空间网架屋盖结构,具有整体刚度好、质量轻、柔性大、阻尼小等特点,但由于该类结构主要采用钢材,而钢结构特别是焊接钢结构对动荷载特别敏感。在桥建合一的结构形式中,高速列车通过的轨道桥梁是上部大跨结构的基础。因此,高速列车引起的桥梁动力响应会影响对上部结构。针对这一特点,本文研究了大跨、轻柔、焊接钢结构在高速列车通过时的动力响应以及由此引发的结构疲劳和振动舒适度等关键技术。进行了如下几方面的工作：
1.移动荷载作用下车桥系统的耦合分析
以武汉火车站为工程背景,建立高速列车荷载作用下的车桥耦合分析模型,分析桥梁的动力响应特性。
2.列车荷载作用下大跨度空间钢结构的动力响应分析
通过移动荷载-桥梁计算模型,计算得出桥梁支座处的反力,并与实测结果进行比较分析；并以此为基础,建立大跨度结构的有限元模型,分析其动力响应特性。
3.列车荷载作用下站桥合一结构的振动舒适度研究
以数值模拟和现场实测比较分析了,武汉站的站台、候车及办公区间的振动舒适度。
4.由高速列车荷载影响下焊接钢结构疲劳寿命
针对两类关键性的铸钢节点(柱角铸钢节点和多管下弦铸钢节点),建立其包含焊缝的精细有限元模型。基于线性累积损伤理论,预测结构在车振荷载影响下的疲劳寿命；
5.考虑人群荷载影响的桥建合一结构振动舒适度研究
考虑到目前由人群荷载引起的结构动力安全和舒适度问题正越来越受到人们的关注,以郑州东站为背景,研究了考虑人群荷载影响的结构的振动舒适度。
本文研究成果对确保站桥合一结构安全使用具有重要意义,研究成果可为国内今后类似工程的动力分析与设计提供参考。
Recent years, the construction of high speed railway develop fastly. According to announcement of the national development and reform commission, in the future five years, the investment of high-speed railway construction will maintain the present status, the annual investment 7,000 billion yuan.
The ancillary facility is also large-scale construct, such as station building. The structure of bridge-building is widely used to the station building. The features of which is that larger interior space and good visual effect. its roof is designed to use long-span space frame roof structure and adopts steel to be the building materials. The characteristics of this kind of structure is that good holistic stiffness, light mass, large flexible and small damping. But it is sensitive to the dynamic loads. In the bridge-building structure, the railway beam which is carrying the high-speed railway is the foundation of the upper large-span structure. So the dynamic rasponse due to high-speed railway loads can influence on the upper structure. In this paper, the dynamic response of large-span structure due to high-speed railway is researched. the following research works are carried out:
1. Coupled analysis of train-bridge system due to moving loads.
The engineering background is Wuhan railway station. The coupled analysis model of train-bridge system is done due to high-speed train loads. The dynamic characteristic of train-bridge is analysised.
2. the dynamic response analysis of large-span construct due to high-speed train loads
The reaction at support is get from the model of train-bridge calculation, that is compared with the measurement results to ensure the accuracy. And based on it, the finite element model of large-span structure is eatablished. The dynamic response of large-span structure is analysis.
3. Vibration comfort research of bridge-building structure due to high-speed train loads
The vibration comfort of wuhan railway station is done by the method of the numerical simulation and in-situ measurement. Measure point is located in the platform, waiting room and office area of Wuhan railway station.
4. The fatigue analysis of large-span structure due to high-speed train loads
The finite element model of two types of cast steel joints(cast steel joint at column angle and cast steel joint at bottom chord) is established. Based on the linear accumulative damage theory, the fatigue charateristic is analysised.
5. Vibration comfort research of bridge-building structure due to co- work of high-speed train loads and pedestrian loads.
Now, the safety and vibration comfort probrlem due to pedestrian loads are more and more attention. In this text, the influence of pedestrian loads is considered. The virbation comfort of zhengzhou east railway station is analysis due to the pedestrian loads and high-speed train loads.
The research of this paper is significant to ensure the safe use of bridge-buidling structure. For the domestic the similar projects in the future, the research of this paper can provide the reference to the dynamic analysis and structure design.
引文
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