农村生态住区建设系统耦合研究
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摘要
中国是一个农业大国,大力推进新农村建设、全面实现小康居住标准和城乡统筹发展目标,已成为国家的重要发展战略和建设行业的紧迫使命。针对我国农村住区建设普遍存在和亟待解决的建造资源、经济、环境与社会之间的发展状态失衡问题,本文开展了农村生态住区建设系统耦合研究,旨在为促进新农村建设可持续发展提供理论引导和技术支持。
农村生态住区是指在生态学原理指导下,以住房和基础设施建设、人居环境改善为主要内容,以实现农村住区建设使用全过程的资源、经济、环境与社会协调发展为目标的农村新型住区发展模式。
本文以“十一五”国家科技支撑计划重大项目“村镇小康住宅关键技术研究与示范”等课题为支撑,在广泛借鉴国内外研究成果基础上,对农村生态住区建设系统的构建方式、耦合机理、耦合指标体系、耦合测度模型及仿真评价等进行了创新性研究；并以堰河村生态住区建设为实例,进行了农村生态住区建设系统实证研究。
本文的研究内容和主要成果包括：
(1)建立了农村生态住区建设系统
提出了农村生态住区建设系统的定义,分析了农村生态住区建设系统的主要特征；提出了农村生态住区建设系统的三个基本要素,构建了农村生态住区建设系统的霍尔三维结构；提出了基于住区建造时序、农民住房建设、基础设施建设和人居环境改善四个序参量的农村生态住区建设系统的建造主分量；构建了农村生态住区建设系统的资源、经济、环境和社会四个子系统,设计了农村生态住区建设系统的总体框架。
(2)研究了农村生态住区建设系统耦合机理
基于耗散结构理论,分析了农村生态住区建设系统演化分叉进程；基于系统协同学原理,分析了农村生态住区建设系统在协同作用机制作用下的内部耦合效应；基于系统动力学理论,指出农村生态住区建设耦合表现为系统动态反馈使系统向有序状态演变的内部动力。研究了农村生态住区建设系统耦合控制机制,提出了农村生态住区建设系统的目标函数和总体要求；建立了农村生态住区建设系统的耦合原则；提出了农村生态住区的建设系统内耦合机理和建设系统问耦合机理。
(3)建立了农村生态住区建设系统耦合指标体系
设计了农村生态住区建设系统耦合指标体系框架,包括五大类、23项、86个指标；提出了农村生态住区建设系统建造主分量的序参量指标计算方法,提出了农村生态住区建设系统的资源、经济、环境和社会四个子系统指标计算方法,建立了农村生态住区建设系统耦合指标体系。
(4)构建了农村生态住区建设系统耦合测度模型
提出了农村生态住区建设系统耦合度的定义,建立了基于功效函数、序参量贡献值和耦合度分析的农村生态住区建设系统的耦合函数；提出了农村生态住区建设系统的耦合度评价标准；构建了农村生态住区建设系统灰色关联度耦合模型；建立了农村生态住区建设系统耦合度计算方法；基于MATLAB 7.0,编制了农村生态住区建设系统耦合测度计算程序,设计了系统耦合测度评价仿真界面和运算过程。
(5)进行了农村生态住区建设系统耦合实证研究
分析了堰河村生态住区的建设条件和建设内容；应用农村生态住区建设系统耦合测度评价模型,分别计算了堰河新村生态住区的建造主分量指标,资源子系统指标,经济子系统指标,环境子系统指标和社会子系统指标；运用Matlab 7.0计算了堰河新村生态住区建设系统耦合度。
(6)基于政策仿真的农村生态住区建设优化建议
进行了不同状态条件下的堰河新村生态住区建设系统耦合仿真评价,包括：资源子系统变化系统、经济子系统变化系统、环境子系统变化系统和社会子系统变化系统的仿真,与该住区实际建设情况有较好吻合性；应用建设系统耦合仿真评价结果,提出了堰河新村生态住区建设系统耦合优化的具体建议。
China is a large agricultural nation. It becomes an important national development strategy and an urgent mission for the construction industry to vigorously promote rural construction and to fully achieve the well-off housing standard and the development objectives for urban and village plan as a whole. For general and urgent problems of un-balanced development of the resource, economy, environment and society, coupling for the construction system of rural eco-residential areas is studied in this paper to provide theoretical guidance and technology support for the sustainable development of new rural construction.
Rural eco-residential areas are aimed to achieve the objectives of cooridinative development of the resource, economy, environment and society in the full process of rural residential construction, with housing and infrastructure construction and human environment improvement as the main contents based on the ecology theory.
Supported by the "11th five-year" national science and technology supporting major projects "Study and demonstration of the key technology for rural well-off houses", based on the research achievements at home and abroad, this paper conducts creative research on the construction mode, coupling mechanism, coupling index system, coupling measurement model and simulation evaluation. Then it makes empirical study on the rural eco-residential construction system, taking the Yanhe village as an instance.
The research contents and main achievements of this paper are as follows:
(1) Set up the construction system of rural eco-residential areas
The definition of construction system of rural eco-residential areas is put forward by this paper,which analyzes its major features, proposes three fundamentals for the construction system, establishes the Hall three-dimensional structure, proposes the construction principal components based on four order parameters including the construction time sequence, rural residential construction, infrastructure construction and improvement of human environment, builds the resource, economy, environment and society subsystems, and designs the general framework.
(2) Analyze the coupling mechanism for the construction system of rural eco-residential areas
Based on the dissipative structure theory, the paper analyzes the phyletic evolution and fork process of rural eco-residential construction. Based on system synergetic theory, the internal coupling effect under the influence of the synergetic mechanism is analyzed. Based on the system dynamic theory, we propose that the variation dynamic of the rural construction system appears as system optimization control and the system coupling appears as the internal dynamic of the system dynamic feedback which makes the system evolve to orderly state. Then the coupling control mechanism is studied, the objective function and general requirements are proposed, the coupling principles are established, and the coupling mechanism in and between the construction subsystems of rural eco-residential areas is put forward.
(3) Build the coupling index system for the construction system of rural eco-residential areas
The coupling index system framework is designed with 5 parts,23 terms and 86 indicators. Then the calculation method for the order parameter index of the construction principal components and for resource, economy, environment and society subsystem index is proposed, and the coupling index system is established.
(4) Establish the coupling measurement model for the construction system of rural eco-residential areas
The paper puts forward the definition of coupling degree, establishes the coupling function based on the utility function, order parameter credit and coupling degree analysis, proposes the evaluation standard for coupling degree, establishes the coupling model based on the grey correlation degree, puts forward the calculation method for the coupling degree, works out the system coupling measurement program with MATLAB 7.0, and designs the simulation interfaces and computation process for the measurement evaluation of system coupling.
(5) Carry out the coupling empirical study for the construction system of rural eco-residential areas
Based on the analysis of the construction conditions and contents of the Yanhe eco-residential area, the construction principal components, resource, economy, environment and society subsystem index of Yanhe eco-residential area are calculated with the coupling measurement evaluation model, and the coupling degree is calculated with Matlab 7.0.
(6) Optimization suggestions for the construction of rural eco-residential areas based on the policy simulation
The paper conducts coupling simulation evaluation for the construction system under different conditions in Yanhe village, including resource variation system, economy variation system, environment variation system and society variation system. With the simulation results which coincide with the actual construction condition, some optimization suggestions are proposed for the coupling of construction system in Yanhe eco-residential area.
农村生态住区是指在生态学原理指导下,以住房和基础设施建设、人居环境改善为主要内容,以实现农村住区建设使用全过程的资源、经济、环境与社会协调发展为目标的农村新型住区发展模式。
本文以“十一五”国家科技支撑计划重大项目“村镇小康住宅关键技术研究与示范”等课题为支撑,在广泛借鉴国内外研究成果基础上,对农村生态住区建设系统的构建方式、耦合机理、耦合指标体系、耦合测度模型及仿真评价等进行了创新性研究；并以堰河村生态住区建设为实例,进行了农村生态住区建设系统实证研究。
本文的研究内容和主要成果包括：
(1)建立了农村生态住区建设系统
提出了农村生态住区建设系统的定义,分析了农村生态住区建设系统的主要特征；提出了农村生态住区建设系统的三个基本要素,构建了农村生态住区建设系统的霍尔三维结构；提出了基于住区建造时序、农民住房建设、基础设施建设和人居环境改善四个序参量的农村生态住区建设系统的建造主分量；构建了农村生态住区建设系统的资源、经济、环境和社会四个子系统,设计了农村生态住区建设系统的总体框架。
(2)研究了农村生态住区建设系统耦合机理
基于耗散结构理论,分析了农村生态住区建设系统演化分叉进程；基于系统协同学原理,分析了农村生态住区建设系统在协同作用机制作用下的内部耦合效应；基于系统动力学理论,指出农村生态住区建设耦合表现为系统动态反馈使系统向有序状态演变的内部动力。研究了农村生态住区建设系统耦合控制机制,提出了农村生态住区建设系统的目标函数和总体要求；建立了农村生态住区建设系统的耦合原则；提出了农村生态住区的建设系统内耦合机理和建设系统问耦合机理。
(3)建立了农村生态住区建设系统耦合指标体系
设计了农村生态住区建设系统耦合指标体系框架,包括五大类、23项、86个指标；提出了农村生态住区建设系统建造主分量的序参量指标计算方法,提出了农村生态住区建设系统的资源、经济、环境和社会四个子系统指标计算方法,建立了农村生态住区建设系统耦合指标体系。
(4)构建了农村生态住区建设系统耦合测度模型
提出了农村生态住区建设系统耦合度的定义,建立了基于功效函数、序参量贡献值和耦合度分析的农村生态住区建设系统的耦合函数；提出了农村生态住区建设系统的耦合度评价标准；构建了农村生态住区建设系统灰色关联度耦合模型；建立了农村生态住区建设系统耦合度计算方法；基于MATLAB 7.0,编制了农村生态住区建设系统耦合测度计算程序,设计了系统耦合测度评价仿真界面和运算过程。
(5)进行了农村生态住区建设系统耦合实证研究
分析了堰河村生态住区的建设条件和建设内容；应用农村生态住区建设系统耦合测度评价模型,分别计算了堰河新村生态住区的建造主分量指标,资源子系统指标,经济子系统指标,环境子系统指标和社会子系统指标；运用Matlab 7.0计算了堰河新村生态住区建设系统耦合度。
(6)基于政策仿真的农村生态住区建设优化建议
进行了不同状态条件下的堰河新村生态住区建设系统耦合仿真评价,包括：资源子系统变化系统、经济子系统变化系统、环境子系统变化系统和社会子系统变化系统的仿真,与该住区实际建设情况有较好吻合性；应用建设系统耦合仿真评价结果,提出了堰河新村生态住区建设系统耦合优化的具体建议。
China is a large agricultural nation. It becomes an important national development strategy and an urgent mission for the construction industry to vigorously promote rural construction and to fully achieve the well-off housing standard and the development objectives for urban and village plan as a whole. For general and urgent problems of un-balanced development of the resource, economy, environment and society, coupling for the construction system of rural eco-residential areas is studied in this paper to provide theoretical guidance and technology support for the sustainable development of new rural construction.
Rural eco-residential areas are aimed to achieve the objectives of cooridinative development of the resource, economy, environment and society in the full process of rural residential construction, with housing and infrastructure construction and human environment improvement as the main contents based on the ecology theory.
Supported by the "11th five-year" national science and technology supporting major projects "Study and demonstration of the key technology for rural well-off houses", based on the research achievements at home and abroad, this paper conducts creative research on the construction mode, coupling mechanism, coupling index system, coupling measurement model and simulation evaluation. Then it makes empirical study on the rural eco-residential construction system, taking the Yanhe village as an instance.
The research contents and main achievements of this paper are as follows:
(1) Set up the construction system of rural eco-residential areas
The definition of construction system of rural eco-residential areas is put forward by this paper,which analyzes its major features, proposes three fundamentals for the construction system, establishes the Hall three-dimensional structure, proposes the construction principal components based on four order parameters including the construction time sequence, rural residential construction, infrastructure construction and improvement of human environment, builds the resource, economy, environment and society subsystems, and designs the general framework.
(2) Analyze the coupling mechanism for the construction system of rural eco-residential areas
Based on the dissipative structure theory, the paper analyzes the phyletic evolution and fork process of rural eco-residential construction. Based on system synergetic theory, the internal coupling effect under the influence of the synergetic mechanism is analyzed. Based on the system dynamic theory, we propose that the variation dynamic of the rural construction system appears as system optimization control and the system coupling appears as the internal dynamic of the system dynamic feedback which makes the system evolve to orderly state. Then the coupling control mechanism is studied, the objective function and general requirements are proposed, the coupling principles are established, and the coupling mechanism in and between the construction subsystems of rural eco-residential areas is put forward.
(3) Build the coupling index system for the construction system of rural eco-residential areas
The coupling index system framework is designed with 5 parts,23 terms and 86 indicators. Then the calculation method for the order parameter index of the construction principal components and for resource, economy, environment and society subsystem index is proposed, and the coupling index system is established.
(4) Establish the coupling measurement model for the construction system of rural eco-residential areas
The paper puts forward the definition of coupling degree, establishes the coupling function based on the utility function, order parameter credit and coupling degree analysis, proposes the evaluation standard for coupling degree, establishes the coupling model based on the grey correlation degree, puts forward the calculation method for the coupling degree, works out the system coupling measurement program with MATLAB 7.0, and designs the simulation interfaces and computation process for the measurement evaluation of system coupling.
(5) Carry out the coupling empirical study for the construction system of rural eco-residential areas
Based on the analysis of the construction conditions and contents of the Yanhe eco-residential area, the construction principal components, resource, economy, environment and society subsystem index of Yanhe eco-residential area are calculated with the coupling measurement evaluation model, and the coupling degree is calculated with Matlab 7.0.
(6) Optimization suggestions for the construction of rural eco-residential areas based on the policy simulation
The paper conducts coupling simulation evaluation for the construction system under different conditions in Yanhe village, including resource variation system, economy variation system, environment variation system and society variation system. With the simulation results which coincide with the actual construction condition, some optimization suggestions are proposed for the coupling of construction system in Yanhe eco-residential area.
引文
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