地铁浅埋暗挖隧道施工对超近距房屋的安全影响研究
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摘要
城市轨道交通网络化建设,不可避免的出现近距离或超近距离多次穿越城市中心繁华区的工程建设现象,而这些地域已经建成各类高层房屋,也存在着大量年久失修、结构强度低,抵抗施工扰动能力很低的单层或多层房屋,施工作业必将对这些房屋的安全构成威胁,同时,为了最大程度降低轨道交通建设对现有交通的影响,在施工中,广泛采用浅埋暗挖法,因此急需对暗挖施工近距穿越房屋的安全影响问题进行研究。
本文紧密依托北京地铁十号线一地铁隧道超近距斜下穿超长房屋的典型工程,首先研究了暗挖施工近距穿越房屋的预测理论及具体的实现方法,提出了隧道-土体-建筑物共同作用研究思想,采用MIDAS—GTS三维有限元软件进行数值模拟,并与对工程的实际监测相比较,验证本文提出的理论和方法的可行性;
进一步基于共同作用的理论和数值模拟方法研究了穿越施工的一般性规律问题,以便摸清楚房屋产生的附加应变及不同工况下房屋、地表、隧道之间的互动关系;
然后根据房屋的完损等级分别采用统计法及反推法制定出老房屋的容许沉降控制标准,并将这两种方法应用到工程实例,对比验证所提方法的正确性及可行性;
划分了房屋的4级邻近等级和评价等级,以此为基础,提出了暗挖施工穿越邻近房屋的四级安全评价方法,其中对于评价为极邻近或很邻近的房屋给出了详细的安全评价流程;
将目前常见的加固和保护措施分成三大类、提出了加固和保护措施应遵循的6个原则,最后结合本文实例对比了隔离桩与注浆加固保护方案的选择。
In process of construction of urban rail transit network system,it is inevitable that the structures will cross through the downtown district of the city in an extreme short distance for many times.While in such district there have been many high-rise buildings as well as many buildings which are old with low structural strength and low ability to resist construction disturbance,metro construction activities will threaten the safety of the buildings inevitably. In order to minimize the influence to maximum extent,Mining method was applied widely in metro constructions.So it is necessary to study on the safety problem to the building influenced by the metro built by mining method.
Influence predicting theory and Mining method were research on the background of construction of Beijing Metro line No.10 in this dissertation.The tunnel-soil-structure interaction research thought was present,and model built by MIDAS-GTS FEM software and simulations were detailed stated.Then theoretical research results were compared with real monitoring data to testify the feasibility of the predicting theory and method.
Based on the theory and method,general rule of cross construction was researched in order to understand the additional strain of buildings and the interactive relationship among building,ground surface and tunnel in different operating mode.
And then some methods and suggestions were presented to help defining the admissible settlement control criterion for old buildings,and safety evaluation methods and measures for cross construction were analyzed.
According to building damage grading,statistical method and back deduction method were used to establish building admissible settlement standard.And then the two kinds of methods are used to case study to be testified to be feasible.
Building adjacent grade and evaluation grade were classified and four-graded safety evaluation method for metro construction crossing building in an extreme short distance by Mining method was presented.Detailed safety evaluation flow was presented for buildings which were judged to be extreme adjacent or very adjacent,and then four-graded safety influence gradation was presented and applied into instances in this dissertation.
Usual strengthening and protecting measures were divided into three types,and six principles should be presented,and finally isolation pile method was compared with pouring concrete method.
本文紧密依托北京地铁十号线一地铁隧道超近距斜下穿超长房屋的典型工程,首先研究了暗挖施工近距穿越房屋的预测理论及具体的实现方法,提出了隧道-土体-建筑物共同作用研究思想,采用MIDAS—GTS三维有限元软件进行数值模拟,并与对工程的实际监测相比较,验证本文提出的理论和方法的可行性;
进一步基于共同作用的理论和数值模拟方法研究了穿越施工的一般性规律问题,以便摸清楚房屋产生的附加应变及不同工况下房屋、地表、隧道之间的互动关系;
然后根据房屋的完损等级分别采用统计法及反推法制定出老房屋的容许沉降控制标准,并将这两种方法应用到工程实例,对比验证所提方法的正确性及可行性;
划分了房屋的4级邻近等级和评价等级,以此为基础,提出了暗挖施工穿越邻近房屋的四级安全评价方法,其中对于评价为极邻近或很邻近的房屋给出了详细的安全评价流程;
将目前常见的加固和保护措施分成三大类、提出了加固和保护措施应遵循的6个原则,最后结合本文实例对比了隔离桩与注浆加固保护方案的选择。
In process of construction of urban rail transit network system,it is inevitable that the structures will cross through the downtown district of the city in an extreme short distance for many times.While in such district there have been many high-rise buildings as well as many buildings which are old with low structural strength and low ability to resist construction disturbance,metro construction activities will threaten the safety of the buildings inevitably. In order to minimize the influence to maximum extent,Mining method was applied widely in metro constructions.So it is necessary to study on the safety problem to the building influenced by the metro built by mining method.
Influence predicting theory and Mining method were research on the background of construction of Beijing Metro line No.10 in this dissertation.The tunnel-soil-structure interaction research thought was present,and model built by MIDAS-GTS FEM software and simulations were detailed stated.Then theoretical research results were compared with real monitoring data to testify the feasibility of the predicting theory and method.
Based on the theory and method,general rule of cross construction was researched in order to understand the additional strain of buildings and the interactive relationship among building,ground surface and tunnel in different operating mode.
And then some methods and suggestions were presented to help defining the admissible settlement control criterion for old buildings,and safety evaluation methods and measures for cross construction were analyzed.
According to building damage grading,statistical method and back deduction method were used to establish building admissible settlement standard.And then the two kinds of methods are used to case study to be testified to be feasible.
Building adjacent grade and evaluation grade were classified and four-graded safety evaluation method for metro construction crossing building in an extreme short distance by Mining method was presented.Detailed safety evaluation flow was presented for buildings which were judged to be extreme adjacent or very adjacent,and then four-graded safety influence gradation was presented and applied into instances in this dissertation.
Usual strengthening and protecting measures were divided into three types,and six principles should be presented,and finally isolation pile method was compared with pouring concrete method.
引文
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