钢纤维高强混凝土含损伤率型本构关系研究
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摘要
本文研究内容是防护工程重点项目《强动载作用下钢纤维高强混凝土本构关系研究》和国家自然科学基金资助项目《混凝土材料动态力学性能试验研究》两个研究课题的子课题。主要从试验研究和理论分析出发,研究钢纤维高强混凝土的动态力学性能,建立含损伤的率型本构关系。
本文首先分析了开展该项目研究的目的和意义。在广泛的文献调研的基础上,系统地综述了国内外对混凝土类材料的试验技术,动态力学性能及动态本构关系的研究历史和现状。
本文的重点之一是利用国内最大的φ100 Hopkinson压杆对三种混凝土基体强度(C60、C80、C100),四种钢纤维含量(0、2%、4%、6%)的钢纤维高强混凝土进行不同应变率下的冲击压缩试验。利用材料试验机对上述材料进行准静态和准动态试验。在获得可靠的材料力学参数的基础上,分析了钢纤维混凝土动态强度增长因数、动态应变增长因数与应变率之间的关系。给出了所有系列强度和应变动态增长因数与应变率之间的函数关系,求出各自的应变率临界值。详细分析讨论了钢纤维高强混凝土动态韧度指数与钢纤维含量及应变率之间的关系,分析了钢纤维的增强和增韧作用。
本文还对钢纤维高强混凝土动态劈裂强度进行初步研究。利用φ100 SHPB设备对C60、C80、C100三种混凝土基体强度、钢纤维含量分别为0、2%、4%的钢纤维高强混凝土进行了四种应变率的动态劈裂试验。利用材料试验机对上述材料进行了两种应变率的准静态试验。研究了钢纤维高强混凝土动态劈裂强度与应变率之间的关系,建立了钢纤维高强混凝土动态劈裂动态增强因数与应变率之间的函数关系,分析了动态劈裂试验中混凝土试样的能量耗散,讨论了基体强度、钢纤维含量及硅灰对钢纤维高强混凝土动态劈裂强度的影响。
本文的另一重点是研究钢纤维高强混凝土的损伤演化、建立含损伤的率型本构模型。为此在φ100 SHPB设备上系统进行了三种混凝土基体强度(C60、C80、C100)、四种钢纤维含量(0、2%、4%、6%)的钢纤维高强混凝土的冲击损伤冻结压缩试验研究。通过试样外侧的钢套环限制试样的应变,通过撞击速度控制试样应变率,将应变和应变率控制在一定范围内,对试样进行冲击加载,之后在25TMTS上对上述受冲击损伤后的试样进行静态压缩试验,测出弹性模量的变化,从而可求出一定应变和应变率下的损伤度。分析了损伤度与钢纤维混凝土基体强度、应变率、应变和钢纤维含量之间的关系,考虑到冲击加载条件下混凝土裂纹扩展存在惯性效应,提出了在损伤演化方程中应引入修正系数进行“延迟修正”,最终建立钢纤维高强混凝土损伤演化方程。
最后,利用试验及相应的分析结果,在ZWT非线性粘弹性本构模型的基础上,认为损伤是引起钢纤维高强混凝土应力—应变关系非线性的主要原因,给出了适用于钢纤维高强混凝土材料的含损伤的率型非线性本构模型,该模型的预测结果与试验结果吻合很好。
This research is the subtask of "Study on constitutive relation of steel fiber reinforced high strength concrete (SFRHSC) under strong dynamic load" which is a major project of protective engineering and "experimental study on dynamic mechanics property of concrete" which belongs to national natural science fund project. The dynamic mechanics property of SFRHSC is investigated and strain rate sensitive constitutive relation containing damage is founded through experimental study and theoretical analysis.
Firstly, the research purpose and significance of the paper are analyzed. Otherwise, the research history and present state of test technique, dynamic mechanics property and dynamic constitutive relation of concrete are summarized by the numbers at home and abroad based on a mass of literature.
In this paper, one of the emphases is impact compression experimentation on SFRHSC of three kinds of strain rate, namely high strain rate, moderate strain rate and slow strain rate, besides, the SFRHSC contains three kinds of strength of concrete matrix (C60, C80, C100) and four kinds of percentage of steel fiber (0, 2%, 4%, 6%). The quasi-static and quasi-dynamic tests of SFRHSC mentioned above are carried out with test equipment. Then based on the reliable mechanical parameters of the materials, the correlation between dynamic strength increase factor, dynamic strain increase factor and strain rate of steel fiber reinforced concrete is educed. Moreover, the functions between all ranges of strength, dynamic strain increase factor and strain rate are gained, and respective strain rate critical values are concluded. Lastly, the correlation between dynamic temper factor of SFRHSC , percentage of steel fiber and strain rate is analyzed detailedly, and the strength and temper enhancement effect of steel fiber is discussed.
In this paper, an elementary study on dynamic split strength of SFRHSC is carried. By usingΦ100 SHPB, dynamic split tests about four kinds of strain rate of SFRHSC which contains three kinds of strength of concrete matrix (C60, C80, C100) and four kinds of percentage of steel fiber (0, 2%, 4%, 6%) are carried out. And the quasi-static experimentation containing two kinds of strain rate is accomplished with test equipment. At the same time, the correlation between dynamic split strength and strain rate of SFRHSC is reasered, and the function between dynamic split strength enhanced factor and strain rate of SFRHSC is founded. Energy dissipation of SFRHSC specimen in the dynamicak splitting tests is analyed. The influences of strength of conerete matrix, percentage composition of steel fiber and silica-fume on dynamic split strength of SFRHSC are discussed.
Another emphasis of this paper is the research on damage evolvement of SFRHSC and foundation of strain rate sensitive constitutive relation containing damage. Therefore, impact damage "freezing in" compression experiment of SFRHSC which contains three kinds of concrete matrix strength (C60, C80, C100) and four kinds of percentage of steel fiber(0, 2%, 4%, 6%) is carried out by the numbers. By restricting strain of specimen with steel ringer around the specimen and controlling strain rate of specimen through controlling impact speed, the strain and strain rate are controlled in some range. After that, the specimen is loaded by impact, then static compression experiment of the specimen mentioned above that contains impact damage is carried out with 25T MTS, meanwhile, the change of elastic module is measured, thereby, the damage extent under some strain and strain rate can be gained. Further, the correlation between damage extent , matrix strength, strain rate, strain and steel fiber content is analyzed. Considering the inertial effect of crack expansion under impact load, this paper brings forward that the correctional factor should be introduced in damage evolvement equation, which can delay the amendment. In the end, damage evolvement equation of SFRHSC is established.
Finally, using the result of the experiment and corresponding analysis, ZWT nonlinear sticky-elastic constitutive model is improved, and the strain rate sensitive nonlinear constitutive model for SFRHSC containing damage is put forward. The forecast result of the model matches the test result.
本文首先分析了开展该项目研究的目的和意义。在广泛的文献调研的基础上,系统地综述了国内外对混凝土类材料的试验技术,动态力学性能及动态本构关系的研究历史和现状。
本文的重点之一是利用国内最大的φ100 Hopkinson压杆对三种混凝土基体强度(C60、C80、C100),四种钢纤维含量(0、2%、4%、6%)的钢纤维高强混凝土进行不同应变率下的冲击压缩试验。利用材料试验机对上述材料进行准静态和准动态试验。在获得可靠的材料力学参数的基础上,分析了钢纤维混凝土动态强度增长因数、动态应变增长因数与应变率之间的关系。给出了所有系列强度和应变动态增长因数与应变率之间的函数关系,求出各自的应变率临界值。详细分析讨论了钢纤维高强混凝土动态韧度指数与钢纤维含量及应变率之间的关系,分析了钢纤维的增强和增韧作用。
本文还对钢纤维高强混凝土动态劈裂强度进行初步研究。利用φ100 SHPB设备对C60、C80、C100三种混凝土基体强度、钢纤维含量分别为0、2%、4%的钢纤维高强混凝土进行了四种应变率的动态劈裂试验。利用材料试验机对上述材料进行了两种应变率的准静态试验。研究了钢纤维高强混凝土动态劈裂强度与应变率之间的关系,建立了钢纤维高强混凝土动态劈裂动态增强因数与应变率之间的函数关系,分析了动态劈裂试验中混凝土试样的能量耗散,讨论了基体强度、钢纤维含量及硅灰对钢纤维高强混凝土动态劈裂强度的影响。
本文的另一重点是研究钢纤维高强混凝土的损伤演化、建立含损伤的率型本构模型。为此在φ100 SHPB设备上系统进行了三种混凝土基体强度(C60、C80、C100)、四种钢纤维含量(0、2%、4%、6%)的钢纤维高强混凝土的冲击损伤冻结压缩试验研究。通过试样外侧的钢套环限制试样的应变,通过撞击速度控制试样应变率,将应变和应变率控制在一定范围内,对试样进行冲击加载,之后在25TMTS上对上述受冲击损伤后的试样进行静态压缩试验,测出弹性模量的变化,从而可求出一定应变和应变率下的损伤度。分析了损伤度与钢纤维混凝土基体强度、应变率、应变和钢纤维含量之间的关系,考虑到冲击加载条件下混凝土裂纹扩展存在惯性效应,提出了在损伤演化方程中应引入修正系数进行“延迟修正”,最终建立钢纤维高强混凝土损伤演化方程。
最后,利用试验及相应的分析结果,在ZWT非线性粘弹性本构模型的基础上,认为损伤是引起钢纤维高强混凝土应力—应变关系非线性的主要原因,给出了适用于钢纤维高强混凝土材料的含损伤的率型非线性本构模型,该模型的预测结果与试验结果吻合很好。
This research is the subtask of "Study on constitutive relation of steel fiber reinforced high strength concrete (SFRHSC) under strong dynamic load" which is a major project of protective engineering and "experimental study on dynamic mechanics property of concrete" which belongs to national natural science fund project. The dynamic mechanics property of SFRHSC is investigated and strain rate sensitive constitutive relation containing damage is founded through experimental study and theoretical analysis.
Firstly, the research purpose and significance of the paper are analyzed. Otherwise, the research history and present state of test technique, dynamic mechanics property and dynamic constitutive relation of concrete are summarized by the numbers at home and abroad based on a mass of literature.
In this paper, one of the emphases is impact compression experimentation on SFRHSC of three kinds of strain rate, namely high strain rate, moderate strain rate and slow strain rate, besides, the SFRHSC contains three kinds of strength of concrete matrix (C60, C80, C100) and four kinds of percentage of steel fiber (0, 2%, 4%, 6%). The quasi-static and quasi-dynamic tests of SFRHSC mentioned above are carried out with test equipment. Then based on the reliable mechanical parameters of the materials, the correlation between dynamic strength increase factor, dynamic strain increase factor and strain rate of steel fiber reinforced concrete is educed. Moreover, the functions between all ranges of strength, dynamic strain increase factor and strain rate are gained, and respective strain rate critical values are concluded. Lastly, the correlation between dynamic temper factor of SFRHSC , percentage of steel fiber and strain rate is analyzed detailedly, and the strength and temper enhancement effect of steel fiber is discussed.
In this paper, an elementary study on dynamic split strength of SFRHSC is carried. By usingΦ100 SHPB, dynamic split tests about four kinds of strain rate of SFRHSC which contains three kinds of strength of concrete matrix (C60, C80, C100) and four kinds of percentage of steel fiber (0, 2%, 4%, 6%) are carried out. And the quasi-static experimentation containing two kinds of strain rate is accomplished with test equipment. At the same time, the correlation between dynamic split strength and strain rate of SFRHSC is reasered, and the function between dynamic split strength enhanced factor and strain rate of SFRHSC is founded. Energy dissipation of SFRHSC specimen in the dynamicak splitting tests is analyed. The influences of strength of conerete matrix, percentage composition of steel fiber and silica-fume on dynamic split strength of SFRHSC are discussed.
Another emphasis of this paper is the research on damage evolvement of SFRHSC and foundation of strain rate sensitive constitutive relation containing damage. Therefore, impact damage "freezing in" compression experiment of SFRHSC which contains three kinds of concrete matrix strength (C60, C80, C100) and four kinds of percentage of steel fiber(0, 2%, 4%, 6%) is carried out by the numbers. By restricting strain of specimen with steel ringer around the specimen and controlling strain rate of specimen through controlling impact speed, the strain and strain rate are controlled in some range. After that, the specimen is loaded by impact, then static compression experiment of the specimen mentioned above that contains impact damage is carried out with 25T MTS, meanwhile, the change of elastic module is measured, thereby, the damage extent under some strain and strain rate can be gained. Further, the correlation between damage extent , matrix strength, strain rate, strain and steel fiber content is analyzed. Considering the inertial effect of crack expansion under impact load, this paper brings forward that the correctional factor should be introduced in damage evolvement equation, which can delay the amendment. In the end, damage evolvement equation of SFRHSC is established.
Finally, using the result of the experiment and corresponding analysis, ZWT nonlinear sticky-elastic constitutive model is improved, and the strain rate sensitive nonlinear constitutive model for SFRHSC containing damage is put forward. The forecast result of the model matches the test result.
引文
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