畜禽粪便中重金属的去除研究
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摘要
本文研究了生物沥浸法和化学沥浸法对畜禽粪便中重金属的沥浸效果、影响因素和沥浸特征等。首先采用不同的微生物培养方案进行硫细菌培养,通过比较分析确定出合适的硫细菌培养方案。根据重金属沥浸特征和重金属形态分析探讨了生物沥浸机制。经过对微生物形态扫描电镜的的观察,及细菌培养后细菌数量的测定和细菌形态的观察,总结了生物沥浸前后微生物种类和数量的变化。根据对生物沥浸法和化学沥浸法的影响因素的研究及两种方法的对比研究分析,揭示了畜禽粪便生物沥浸和化学沥浸分别所具有的沥浸特性和相同点,总结了两种方法各自所具有的优势和缺陷,并最终建立了适合生物沥浸法和化学沥浸法的最佳工艺参数。最后采用反应器小试了生物沥浸法和化学沥浸法在实际应用时易产生的问题并提出了解决建议。
Leaching efficiency, influencing factors and leaching characteristics of bioleaching and chemistry leaching of heavy metals from animal excrement are studied in this paper. Firstly, different training programs in microbial sulfur bacteria culture are comparatively analysed to determine suitable training program of sulfur bacteria. Then, bioleaching mechanism is discussed according to bioleaching characteristics and speciation analysis of heavy metals. Based on SEM of microbial forms, determination of the number of bacteria and observation of bacterial Morphology after the bacteria culture, the change of Microorganisms types and quantities before and after bioleaching are summed up. Based on the study of factors affecting bioleaching and chemistry leaching respectively and comparative analysis of the two methods, characteristics of each method and the same point of them in the treatment of animal excrement are revealed, advantages and shortcomings of each method are summarized, and eventually the optimum parameters suitable for bioleaching and chemistry leaching are established. Finally problems easily produced in practical applications of bioleaching and chemistry leaching are summarized through the experiment of the small scale reactor, and the solutions recommended are put forward.
Leaching efficiency, influencing factors and leaching characteristics of bioleaching and chemistry leaching of heavy metals from animal excrement are studied in this paper. Firstly, different training programs in microbial sulfur bacteria culture are comparatively analysed to determine suitable training program of sulfur bacteria. Then, bioleaching mechanism is discussed according to bioleaching characteristics and speciation analysis of heavy metals. Based on SEM of microbial forms, determination of the number of bacteria and observation of bacterial Morphology after the bacteria culture, the change of Microorganisms types and quantities before and after bioleaching are summed up. Based on the study of factors affecting bioleaching and chemistry leaching respectively and comparative analysis of the two methods, characteristics of each method and the same point of them in the treatment of animal excrement are revealed, advantages and shortcomings of each method are summarized, and eventually the optimum parameters suitable for bioleaching and chemistry leaching are established. Finally problems easily produced in practical applications of bioleaching and chemistry leaching are summarized through the experiment of the small scale reactor, and the solutions recommended are put forward.
引文
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