新疆卡拉麦里成矿带金矿构造—岩浆控矿规律及找矿预测研究
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摘要
卡拉麦里金矿带位于准噶尔北缘和阿尔曼太至北塔山以南地区,成矿带划分属卡拉麦里—达尔布特成矿带(Ⅲ级成矿带)之卡拉麦里—莫钦乌拉成矿带(Ⅳ级成矿带),是新疆重要的金—多金属成矿带。
在总结卡拉麦里金矿带已有地质勘查和科研成果基础上,以带内典型金矿床的综合研究为重点,依据控矿构造、含矿建造和成矿作用等地质因素,将卡拉麦里金矿带主要金矿初步划分为三个类型:与韧-脆性剪切构造有关的Au矿床,以双泉金矿为代表;与中酸性侵入岩有关的Au矿床,以黄羊山西金矿为代表;与陆相火山岩有关的Au矿床,以双峰山金矿为代表。
双泉金矿床研究表明,金成矿作用与区域剪切带韧-脆性剪切构造变形密切相关。矿化类型以蚀变岩型为主,石英脉型次之。金成矿与岩浆活动关系弱。金矿成矿流体主要以变质成因流体为主。成矿温度以中、低温为主,成矿溶液的盐度较低。40Ar/39Ar同位素测年表明双泉金矿主成矿期成矿时代为269±9Ma-260±4Ma。
黄羊山西金矿床研究表明,金成矿作用与碱性花岗斑岩脉有关。稀土总量高,重稀土相对富集,δEu异常强烈。含金花岗斑岩大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr强烈亏损,反映出与碱性花岗岩特征类似。含金斑岩脉的成岩时代为318.4±1.1Ma～310.3±2.6Ma。岩石学等特征表明成岩环境可能接近于碰撞造山过程中的后碰撞伸展环境。
双峰山金矿床研究表明,金成矿作用与陆相火山作用有关。赋矿围岩主要为陆相流纹质火山岩。建立了陆相火山作用两阶段即火山热泉(液)和潜火山热液控制叠加复合成矿模式。矿床成矿时代为晚石炭世-二叠世末期,成矿背景为造山晚期伸展构造阶段。矿床成因上与浅成低温热液金矿床的某些特征相近。
区内金矿成矿与断裂构造变形密切相关,控矿构造为韧-脆性剪切构造带,区域韧性剪切带控制着金矿床(点)的分布,而矿体(脉)主要受赋存其内的脆性构造控制。
区域岩浆活动与金(铜、锡)成矿作用关系表明,华力西早中期M型斜长花岗岩类、华力西中晚期I型(花岗)闪长岩类及玄武玢岩、安山玢岩等次火山岩体与铜金成矿关系较为密切,华力西晚期A型碱性花岗岩(脉)与锡(金)成矿关系较为密切。
基于DPIS系统对区域金多金属矿资源找矿(定位)预测,圈定找矿远景区3处:金水泉—清水一带Au -Cu找矿远景区,双泉—苏吉泉东Au(Cu)找矿远景区,松喀尔苏Cu(Au)找矿远景区。
The Kalamaili gold belt is located in the north margin of the Junggar basin and includes the area to the south of Karmantai-Beitashan. As an important gold belt in Xinjiang, it belongs to the Kalamaili-Moqinwula mineralization belt (IV-grade metallogenic belt) of the Karamaili-Daerbute gold metallogenic belt (III-grade metallogenic belt).
Synthesize geological exploration and scientific research of the typical gold deposits in Kalamaili gold belt, according to the controlling structures, metallogenic formation and ore-forming process, classify three types: Shuangquan gold deposit related to ductile-brittle shear zone, Huangyangshanxi gold deposit related to granite porphyry and Shuangfengshan gold deposits related to epicontinental volcanic.
The Shuangquan gold deposit studies suggest that the gold mineralization is closely related to ductile-brittle shear zone. The major mineralization types is the altered rock-type, the other is quartz veins. The magmatic activity is weaker relationship to the gold mineralization.The ore-forming fluids was mainly derived from metamorphic fluid, with medium to low temperature and low salinity. 40Ar/39Ar isotope study shows that the main mineralization age varies between 269±9Ma and 260±4Ma.
Studies suggest in the Huangyangshanxi gold deposit, gold mineralization is related to the alkaline granite porphyry vein. The gold-bearing granite porphyry vein geochemical data suggest that rock types are alkaline.Chemical composition is characterized by rich REE, enriched HREE, distinctδEu negative anomaly and distinct poor Ba, Sr, is the characteristics of the alkaline granite. The gold-bearing porphyry rock-forming and mineralization age varies between 318.4±1.1Ma and 310.3±2.6Ma. Petrology characteristics suggest that the rock-forming environment maybe close to the post-collision extension environment
Study suggest that the gold mineralization is related to epicontinental volcanic in Shuangfengshan gold deposit. Main Ore is rhyolitic. The ore-forning model is two stages of a Subvolcanic rock or volcanic hot spring. The mineralization age is between the upper Carboniferous Epoch and upper Permian Epoch.The ore-forming environment is the extension stage. The genetic of mineral deposit is the characteristics of epithermal gold deposits.
Regional fault structure is closely related to ore-forming. Ore-controlling structure is the ductile-brittle shear zone. Regional ductile shear zone controls gold deposits distribution. Brittle structure controls the gold deposit.
The gold-copper deposit is close relationship with M-type plagioclase in early and mid Variscan, I-type granodiorite,basalt porphyry and andesite porphyry in mid-later Variscan.The stannum deposit is close relationship to alkaline A-type granite veins in later Variscan.
Based upon DPIS of metallogenic forecasting method in regional gold metallogenic exploration, forecasting exploration prospect three areas:Jinshuiquan-Qingshui Au-Cu prospect area , Shuangquan-Eastern Sujiquan Au -Cu prospecting area, Songkaersu Cu-Au prospecting area.
在总结卡拉麦里金矿带已有地质勘查和科研成果基础上,以带内典型金矿床的综合研究为重点,依据控矿构造、含矿建造和成矿作用等地质因素,将卡拉麦里金矿带主要金矿初步划分为三个类型:与韧-脆性剪切构造有关的Au矿床,以双泉金矿为代表;与中酸性侵入岩有关的Au矿床,以黄羊山西金矿为代表;与陆相火山岩有关的Au矿床,以双峰山金矿为代表。
双泉金矿床研究表明,金成矿作用与区域剪切带韧-脆性剪切构造变形密切相关。矿化类型以蚀变岩型为主,石英脉型次之。金成矿与岩浆活动关系弱。金矿成矿流体主要以变质成因流体为主。成矿温度以中、低温为主,成矿溶液的盐度较低。40Ar/39Ar同位素测年表明双泉金矿主成矿期成矿时代为269±9Ma-260±4Ma。
黄羊山西金矿床研究表明,金成矿作用与碱性花岗斑岩脉有关。稀土总量高,重稀土相对富集,δEu异常强烈。含金花岗斑岩大离子亲石元素Ba、Sr强烈亏损,反映出与碱性花岗岩特征类似。含金斑岩脉的成岩时代为318.4±1.1Ma～310.3±2.6Ma。岩石学等特征表明成岩环境可能接近于碰撞造山过程中的后碰撞伸展环境。
双峰山金矿床研究表明,金成矿作用与陆相火山作用有关。赋矿围岩主要为陆相流纹质火山岩。建立了陆相火山作用两阶段即火山热泉(液)和潜火山热液控制叠加复合成矿模式。矿床成矿时代为晚石炭世-二叠世末期,成矿背景为造山晚期伸展构造阶段。矿床成因上与浅成低温热液金矿床的某些特征相近。
区内金矿成矿与断裂构造变形密切相关,控矿构造为韧-脆性剪切构造带,区域韧性剪切带控制着金矿床(点)的分布,而矿体(脉)主要受赋存其内的脆性构造控制。
区域岩浆活动与金(铜、锡)成矿作用关系表明,华力西早中期M型斜长花岗岩类、华力西中晚期I型(花岗)闪长岩类及玄武玢岩、安山玢岩等次火山岩体与铜金成矿关系较为密切,华力西晚期A型碱性花岗岩(脉)与锡(金)成矿关系较为密切。
基于DPIS系统对区域金多金属矿资源找矿(定位)预测,圈定找矿远景区3处:金水泉—清水一带Au -Cu找矿远景区,双泉—苏吉泉东Au(Cu)找矿远景区,松喀尔苏Cu(Au)找矿远景区。
The Kalamaili gold belt is located in the north margin of the Junggar basin and includes the area to the south of Karmantai-Beitashan. As an important gold belt in Xinjiang, it belongs to the Kalamaili-Moqinwula mineralization belt (IV-grade metallogenic belt) of the Karamaili-Daerbute gold metallogenic belt (III-grade metallogenic belt).
Synthesize geological exploration and scientific research of the typical gold deposits in Kalamaili gold belt, according to the controlling structures, metallogenic formation and ore-forming process, classify three types: Shuangquan gold deposit related to ductile-brittle shear zone, Huangyangshanxi gold deposit related to granite porphyry and Shuangfengshan gold deposits related to epicontinental volcanic.
The Shuangquan gold deposit studies suggest that the gold mineralization is closely related to ductile-brittle shear zone. The major mineralization types is the altered rock-type, the other is quartz veins. The magmatic activity is weaker relationship to the gold mineralization.The ore-forming fluids was mainly derived from metamorphic fluid, with medium to low temperature and low salinity. 40Ar/39Ar isotope study shows that the main mineralization age varies between 269±9Ma and 260±4Ma.
Studies suggest in the Huangyangshanxi gold deposit, gold mineralization is related to the alkaline granite porphyry vein. The gold-bearing granite porphyry vein geochemical data suggest that rock types are alkaline.Chemical composition is characterized by rich REE, enriched HREE, distinctδEu negative anomaly and distinct poor Ba, Sr, is the characteristics of the alkaline granite. The gold-bearing porphyry rock-forming and mineralization age varies between 318.4±1.1Ma and 310.3±2.6Ma. Petrology characteristics suggest that the rock-forming environment maybe close to the post-collision extension environment
Study suggest that the gold mineralization is related to epicontinental volcanic in Shuangfengshan gold deposit. Main Ore is rhyolitic. The ore-forning model is two stages of a Subvolcanic rock or volcanic hot spring. The mineralization age is between the upper Carboniferous Epoch and upper Permian Epoch.The ore-forming environment is the extension stage. The genetic of mineral deposit is the characteristics of epithermal gold deposits.
Regional fault structure is closely related to ore-forming. Ore-controlling structure is the ductile-brittle shear zone. Regional ductile shear zone controls gold deposits distribution. Brittle structure controls the gold deposit.
The gold-copper deposit is close relationship with M-type plagioclase in early and mid Variscan, I-type granodiorite,basalt porphyry and andesite porphyry in mid-later Variscan.The stannum deposit is close relationship to alkaline A-type granite veins in later Variscan.
Based upon DPIS of metallogenic forecasting method in regional gold metallogenic exploration, forecasting exploration prospect three areas:Jinshuiquan-Qingshui Au-Cu prospect area , Shuangquan-Eastern Sujiquan Au -Cu prospecting area, Songkaersu Cu-Au prospecting area.
引文
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