磁化率在碳酸盐岩地层旋回分析中的应用
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摘要
磁化率是物质被磁化难易程度的一种度量。尽管碳酸盐岩磁化率变化受到陆源碎屑物质输入量、相对海平面变化、沉积速率变化、成岩作用等因素的影响,但仍然可以记录稳定的米兰柯维奇旋回信号。中国华南震旦系陡山沱组沉积连续,出露完整,是新元古代“雪球地球”事件之后沉积的第一套地层,对其开展详细的旋回地层学研究对认识前寒武纪地球天文动力学、建立陡山沱组天文年代标尺及正确评价陡山沱组地质事件的环境学意义均具有重要意义。
论文详细介绍了旋回地层学分析的基本原理及其在海陆相地层中的研究进展。系统介绍了旋回地层学分析的数学方法,如以傅立叶变换为基础的谱估计方法以及一些常用的其它谱估计方法,讨论了谱峰值的显著性检验。重点介绍了本文使用Matlab工具编写的谱分析程序。分别介绍了旋回分析采样数据最小长度的计算方法、滤波方法;沉积速率变化、整流过程与生物扰动等对旋回信号识别的影响,以及旋回分析最佳采样间隔的确定原则。
湖北宜昌的三峡地区的台地相陡山沱组可分为四段,其中陡三段为60～80 m灰-灰黑色泥质、白云质灰岩以及白云岩,陡四段为约10m厚的发育大量大型碳酸盐结核黑色页岩,露头上岩性变化显示出明显的旋回性特征。论文对湖北秭归附近的两个震旦系陡山沱组三、四段剖面进行连续采样和磁化率测量,并对磁化率数据进行了详细的旋回地层学分析,确定出可能的长偏心率、斜率和岁差旋回。结合陡山沱组四段551Ma的放射性同位素年龄,建立了陡山沱组三、四段基于长偏心率旋回的“浮动”天文年代标尺。结果显示,陡山沱组四段沉积持续时间为6.2Ma,三、四段界线年龄为557.2Ma;三段沉积持续的时间为28Ma,其中薄层部分沉积持续时间为14.1Ma;三段与二段界线年龄为585.2Ma;跨越三、四段及灯影组底部的δ13C负漂移持续时间为24.94Ma,负漂移开始时间为575.94Ma。旋回地层学研究结果为精确估计发生在陡山沱组三、四段的重大环境、生物和古气候变化提供了重要年代依据。研究结果还表明磁化率能够作为前寒武纪的古气候替代性指标。
Susceptibility is a measurement of materials whether it is easy to be magnetized or is hard to be magnetized when it is placed in an applied field. Though susceptibility of carbonate rocks is affected by terristrial clastic supplies,relative sea level changes, varying carbonate accumulation rates and potential diagenesis, it is still able to encode stable Milankovitch cycles’signals.The Sinian Doushantuo Formation in south China deposited consecutively and well exposed. It is the first successions which deposited after the Neoproterozoic snowball earth events. Detailed cyclostratigraphic study on this succession has important significance on understanding astrodynamics of the Earth in Precambrian period,on setting up the astronomical time scale of the Doushantuo Formaton as well as on correctly evaluating the environmental significance of geologic events in the Doushantuo Formation.
Principles and progresses of cyclostratigraphic analysis in marine and terrestrial deposits are detailly introduced. This thesis also systematicly introduced mathematical methods such as power spectrum estimation methods which are based on fourier transforms as well as other commonly used power spectrum estimation methods in cyclostratigraphic analysis and discussed the statistical significance of spectra peaks.A power spectrum estimation program which was writen by Matlab tools is also emphasized. The least record length for cyclostratigraphic analysis, filtering , infulences of accumulation rates changes, rectification, bioturbation on recognition of Milankovitch signals and the principal by which the fittest sampling interval is decided are introduced respectively.
The platform Doushantuo Formation in Three Gorges area of Hubei Province can be lithologically divided into four members. Among these members,the third member is composed of 60-80-m-thick shaly or dolomitic limestones,and thick dolomite. The fourth member consists of~10-m-thick black shale containing abundant carbonate concretions. Lithological changes on crops all displayed obvious Milankovitch cycles character. This thesis carried out consecutive sampling and measuring of susceptibility on two sections of the third member and the fourth member of the Sinian Doushantuo Formation near Zigui county,Hubei province. Detailed cyclostratigraphic analysis on susceptibility data is conducted and potential cycles of long eccentricity,obliquity and precessions are recognized. Combined with the precise radiometric age of 551Ma on the top of the fourth part of the Doushantuo Formation and based on the long eccentricity signals, the floating astronomical time scale for the third part and the fourth part of the Doushantuo Formation was set up.The results reveal that the fourth part of the Doushantuo Formation lasts for 6.2 million years. The boundary age of the fourth part and the third part is 557.2 million years. The third part of the Doushantuo Formation lasts for 28 million years. Successions of thin- laminated limestones parts in the third part last for 14.1 millions years. The boundary age of the second part and the third part is 585.2 million years. The negativeδ13C anomalies which spans the the third part, the fourth part of the Doushantuo Formation and the bottom of the Dengying Formation lasts for 24.94 million years and it starts at 575.94 million years ago.
Cyclostratigraphic study results provide a critical age support for precisely estimating significant changes on environments,biology and palaeoclimate in the third part and the fourth part of the Doushantuo Formation. This research also reveals that susceptibility can be used as a palaeoclimate proxy for Precambrian successions.
论文详细介绍了旋回地层学分析的基本原理及其在海陆相地层中的研究进展。系统介绍了旋回地层学分析的数学方法,如以傅立叶变换为基础的谱估计方法以及一些常用的其它谱估计方法,讨论了谱峰值的显著性检验。重点介绍了本文使用Matlab工具编写的谱分析程序。分别介绍了旋回分析采样数据最小长度的计算方法、滤波方法;沉积速率变化、整流过程与生物扰动等对旋回信号识别的影响,以及旋回分析最佳采样间隔的确定原则。
湖北宜昌的三峡地区的台地相陡山沱组可分为四段,其中陡三段为60～80 m灰-灰黑色泥质、白云质灰岩以及白云岩,陡四段为约10m厚的发育大量大型碳酸盐结核黑色页岩,露头上岩性变化显示出明显的旋回性特征。论文对湖北秭归附近的两个震旦系陡山沱组三、四段剖面进行连续采样和磁化率测量,并对磁化率数据进行了详细的旋回地层学分析,确定出可能的长偏心率、斜率和岁差旋回。结合陡山沱组四段551Ma的放射性同位素年龄,建立了陡山沱组三、四段基于长偏心率旋回的“浮动”天文年代标尺。结果显示,陡山沱组四段沉积持续时间为6.2Ma,三、四段界线年龄为557.2Ma;三段沉积持续的时间为28Ma,其中薄层部分沉积持续时间为14.1Ma;三段与二段界线年龄为585.2Ma;跨越三、四段及灯影组底部的δ13C负漂移持续时间为24.94Ma,负漂移开始时间为575.94Ma。旋回地层学研究结果为精确估计发生在陡山沱组三、四段的重大环境、生物和古气候变化提供了重要年代依据。研究结果还表明磁化率能够作为前寒武纪的古气候替代性指标。
Susceptibility is a measurement of materials whether it is easy to be magnetized or is hard to be magnetized when it is placed in an applied field. Though susceptibility of carbonate rocks is affected by terristrial clastic supplies,relative sea level changes, varying carbonate accumulation rates and potential diagenesis, it is still able to encode stable Milankovitch cycles’signals.The Sinian Doushantuo Formation in south China deposited consecutively and well exposed. It is the first successions which deposited after the Neoproterozoic snowball earth events. Detailed cyclostratigraphic study on this succession has important significance on understanding astrodynamics of the Earth in Precambrian period,on setting up the astronomical time scale of the Doushantuo Formaton as well as on correctly evaluating the environmental significance of geologic events in the Doushantuo Formation.
Principles and progresses of cyclostratigraphic analysis in marine and terrestrial deposits are detailly introduced. This thesis also systematicly introduced mathematical methods such as power spectrum estimation methods which are based on fourier transforms as well as other commonly used power spectrum estimation methods in cyclostratigraphic analysis and discussed the statistical significance of spectra peaks.A power spectrum estimation program which was writen by Matlab tools is also emphasized. The least record length for cyclostratigraphic analysis, filtering , infulences of accumulation rates changes, rectification, bioturbation on recognition of Milankovitch signals and the principal by which the fittest sampling interval is decided are introduced respectively.
The platform Doushantuo Formation in Three Gorges area of Hubei Province can be lithologically divided into four members. Among these members,the third member is composed of 60-80-m-thick shaly or dolomitic limestones,and thick dolomite. The fourth member consists of~10-m-thick black shale containing abundant carbonate concretions. Lithological changes on crops all displayed obvious Milankovitch cycles character. This thesis carried out consecutive sampling and measuring of susceptibility on two sections of the third member and the fourth member of the Sinian Doushantuo Formation near Zigui county,Hubei province. Detailed cyclostratigraphic analysis on susceptibility data is conducted and potential cycles of long eccentricity,obliquity and precessions are recognized. Combined with the precise radiometric age of 551Ma on the top of the fourth part of the Doushantuo Formation and based on the long eccentricity signals, the floating astronomical time scale for the third part and the fourth part of the Doushantuo Formation was set up.The results reveal that the fourth part of the Doushantuo Formation lasts for 6.2 million years. The boundary age of the fourth part and the third part is 557.2 million years. The third part of the Doushantuo Formation lasts for 28 million years. Successions of thin- laminated limestones parts in the third part last for 14.1 millions years. The boundary age of the second part and the third part is 585.2 million years. The negativeδ13C anomalies which spans the the third part, the fourth part of the Doushantuo Formation and the bottom of the Dengying Formation lasts for 24.94 million years and it starts at 575.94 million years ago.
Cyclostratigraphic study results provide a critical age support for precisely estimating significant changes on environments,biology and palaeoclimate in the third part and the fourth part of the Doushantuo Formation. This research also reveals that susceptibility can be used as a palaeoclimate proxy for Precambrian successions.
引文
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