基于多层次列表的多核制造集群网络资源计划体系
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摘要
产业集群是我国区域经济发展的主要形式,集群内部各成员企业由于社会网络关系的嵌入和资源共享等原因,呈现为集群网络资源共享以执行任务的协作关系的动态网络组织形态。由于传统的企业资源计划(ERP,Enterprise Resourceplanning)体系是基于单个企业作业的、集中式计划的内部资源配置,它们在为多核型中小企业集群实现网络资源的分布式共享和优化配置、集群网络协作关系治理与协作过程优化、集群网络协作过程集成与重构方面显得力不从心。同时,多核型中小企业集群网络资源的分布式共享与协作过程的执行在以物料需求列表(BOM,Bill of Materials)为主要列表形式的ERP中也难以实现。
本文从开放系统的角度揭示外部环境动态变化和集群网络组织业务模式演进的交互机理,分析了传统供应链协调模式向集群网络协作模式演进的自组织机理。构建了基于外部市场机遇响应、集群网络目标形成、集群网络任务导入、成员企业子任务分解和资源共享,以及超工作中心协作以执行任务的层次列表之间的映射关系,形成了集群网络多层次列表体系的基本框架。在以基本工作中心为企业过程执行单元的基础上定义了超工作中心概念,以此为网络协作过程执行单元,并就集群网络中各种工作中心的性质进行了分析;在企业结构模型的基础上,建立了集群网络结构模型,并对网络协作过程模型、资源消耗模型的基本构件、性质进行了研究;在分析集群网络协作关系形成机理的基础上,提出了协作剩余的概念,并就协作剩余的形成条件、构成、特点进行了研究;针对协作关系形成的阶段不同,建立了集群网络协作关系生命周期模型,并以网络组织治理理论、治理机制为基础,结合协作关系的治理逻辑,构建了集群网络协作关系的多维治理框架;结合多层次列表体系(BOH,Bill of Hierarchies)理论框架,构建了面向服务架构(SOA,Service Oriented Architecture)的多核集群网络资源计划(CNRP,Cluster Network Resource Planning)体系的系统架构。
本文构建的网络结构模型可以促进中小企业多核集群网络组织适应动态环境变化,实现重构进化;本文所讨论的协作关系、协作剩余和协作关系生命周期模型是网络协作关系治理的基础,而网络组织治理理论、治理机制与治理逻辑是协作关系治理效果的保证;本文基于BOH和SOA的多核集群网络资源计划系统架构的建立,为离散制造业集成化管理系统提出新的发展方向,为系统的开发和应用提供理论指导和前期的技术基础支持,也为中小企业兼顾内外部资源配置效率、集群网络协作关系治理与成员企业协同运作提供新的管理思路。
Industrial cluster is the main form in the regional economic development. Because of the embedded social network relationship and resources share and etc.,the member enterprises in the cluster are shown as the collaborative dynamic network organization to share the network resources.The traditional Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP) is based on single enterprise operation and centralized resource planning,which has deficiency in the distributed share and optimal allocation of network resources,collaborative relationship governance,and collaborative process integration and reconfiguration for multi-core small and medium enterprises cluster. Meanwhile,the distributed share and collaborative process implementation of network resources are difficult to be realized in ERP in which the Bill of Materials (BOM) is the main form of bill.
From the perspective of open system,the mechanism of dynamic changes of external environment and operation model evolution of cluster network organization are revealed,and the self-organization mechanism evolution from traditional supply chain coordination model to collaborative model of cluster network is analyzed.The mapping relationship among hierarchies is constructed based on external market opportunity response,formation of cluster network goal,cluster network task introduction,subtask decomposition and resource share of member enterprises as well as task collaboratively executed by super work center.The basic frame of bill of hierarchies in cluster network is established.Based on the basic work center identified as enterprise process implementation unit,the concept of super work center is defined as process implementation unit in network collaboration,and the nature of different work centers in cluster network are analyzed.The cluster network structure model is built upon enterprise structure model.The network collaboration process model and the basic components and natures of resource consumption model are explored.The concept of collaborative residual return is put forward and its formation conditions, components and characters are discussed.According to the different formation stages in collaborative relationship,the life cycle model of collaborative relationship in cluster network is established.Combined with the governance theory and mechanism of network organization and governance logic of collaborative relationship,the multi-dimension governance frame of collaborative relationship in cluster network is constructed.The multi-core Cluster Network Resource Planning(CNRP) of Service Oriented Architecture(SOA) is put forward based on the theory of Bill of Hierarchies(BOH).
The network stuucture model could accelerate the multi-core cluster network organization to adapt the changes of dynamic environment,and realize the reconfiguration evolution.The collaborative relationship,collaborative residual return and life cycle model of collaborative relationship are the foundation of network collaborative relationship governance.The governance theory and mechanism and logic of network organization are the guarantee of governance effect of collaborative relationship.Based on the frame of network resource planning in multi-core cluster of BOH and SOA,the research provides the new development orientation of integration management system in discrete manufacturing,and policy guidelines for system exploitation and application and prior technical basic support.Meanwhile,the research could also provide new management ideas for internal and external resource allocation efficiency,governance of collaborative relationship in cluster network and collaborative operation in member enterprises.
本文从开放系统的角度揭示外部环境动态变化和集群网络组织业务模式演进的交互机理,分析了传统供应链协调模式向集群网络协作模式演进的自组织机理。构建了基于外部市场机遇响应、集群网络目标形成、集群网络任务导入、成员企业子任务分解和资源共享,以及超工作中心协作以执行任务的层次列表之间的映射关系,形成了集群网络多层次列表体系的基本框架。在以基本工作中心为企业过程执行单元的基础上定义了超工作中心概念,以此为网络协作过程执行单元,并就集群网络中各种工作中心的性质进行了分析;在企业结构模型的基础上,建立了集群网络结构模型,并对网络协作过程模型、资源消耗模型的基本构件、性质进行了研究;在分析集群网络协作关系形成机理的基础上,提出了协作剩余的概念,并就协作剩余的形成条件、构成、特点进行了研究;针对协作关系形成的阶段不同,建立了集群网络协作关系生命周期模型,并以网络组织治理理论、治理机制为基础,结合协作关系的治理逻辑,构建了集群网络协作关系的多维治理框架;结合多层次列表体系(BOH,Bill of Hierarchies)理论框架,构建了面向服务架构(SOA,Service Oriented Architecture)的多核集群网络资源计划(CNRP,Cluster Network Resource Planning)体系的系统架构。
本文构建的网络结构模型可以促进中小企业多核集群网络组织适应动态环境变化,实现重构进化;本文所讨论的协作关系、协作剩余和协作关系生命周期模型是网络协作关系治理的基础,而网络组织治理理论、治理机制与治理逻辑是协作关系治理效果的保证;本文基于BOH和SOA的多核集群网络资源计划系统架构的建立,为离散制造业集成化管理系统提出新的发展方向,为系统的开发和应用提供理论指导和前期的技术基础支持,也为中小企业兼顾内外部资源配置效率、集群网络协作关系治理与成员企业协同运作提供新的管理思路。
Industrial cluster is the main form in the regional economic development. Because of the embedded social network relationship and resources share and etc.,the member enterprises in the cluster are shown as the collaborative dynamic network organization to share the network resources.The traditional Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP) is based on single enterprise operation and centralized resource planning,which has deficiency in the distributed share and optimal allocation of network resources,collaborative relationship governance,and collaborative process integration and reconfiguration for multi-core small and medium enterprises cluster. Meanwhile,the distributed share and collaborative process implementation of network resources are difficult to be realized in ERP in which the Bill of Materials (BOM) is the main form of bill.
From the perspective of open system,the mechanism of dynamic changes of external environment and operation model evolution of cluster network organization are revealed,and the self-organization mechanism evolution from traditional supply chain coordination model to collaborative model of cluster network is analyzed.The mapping relationship among hierarchies is constructed based on external market opportunity response,formation of cluster network goal,cluster network task introduction,subtask decomposition and resource share of member enterprises as well as task collaboratively executed by super work center.The basic frame of bill of hierarchies in cluster network is established.Based on the basic work center identified as enterprise process implementation unit,the concept of super work center is defined as process implementation unit in network collaboration,and the nature of different work centers in cluster network are analyzed.The cluster network structure model is built upon enterprise structure model.The network collaboration process model and the basic components and natures of resource consumption model are explored.The concept of collaborative residual return is put forward and its formation conditions, components and characters are discussed.According to the different formation stages in collaborative relationship,the life cycle model of collaborative relationship in cluster network is established.Combined with the governance theory and mechanism of network organization and governance logic of collaborative relationship,the multi-dimension governance frame of collaborative relationship in cluster network is constructed.The multi-core Cluster Network Resource Planning(CNRP) of Service Oriented Architecture(SOA) is put forward based on the theory of Bill of Hierarchies(BOH).
The network stuucture model could accelerate the multi-core cluster network organization to adapt the changes of dynamic environment,and realize the reconfiguration evolution.The collaborative relationship,collaborative residual return and life cycle model of collaborative relationship are the foundation of network collaborative relationship governance.The governance theory and mechanism and logic of network organization are the guarantee of governance effect of collaborative relationship.Based on the frame of network resource planning in multi-core cluster of BOH and SOA,the research provides the new development orientation of integration management system in discrete manufacturing,and policy guidelines for system exploitation and application and prior technical basic support.Meanwhile,the research could also provide new management ideas for internal and external resource allocation efficiency,governance of collaborative relationship in cluster network and collaborative operation in member enterprises.
引文
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