季冻区高性能路面水泥混凝土路用性能研究
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摘要
水泥混凝土路面作为一种主要的路面结构类型在我国占有相当大的比例,从全国来看,目前水泥路面(等级公路)约占总里程的50%,吉林省约占60%。然而,在原材料、施工控制和环境等影响因素的共同作用下,水泥路面发生了多种病害,尤其在季冻区混凝土耐久性劣化现象十分突出,给后期维修养护带来极大的困难,为解决路面混凝土出现的问题,充分体现水泥路面强度高、抗车辙、使用年限长的优点,结合季冻区的特点,开展高性能路面水泥混凝土的研究具有十分重要的意义。
本论文依托吉林省重点工程科研课题,首次系统性地提出了掺入矿质超细粉和高效引气减水剂实现路面混凝土高性能化系统的技术方法,对配制的高性能路面混凝土(简称HPPC)各项路用性能进行了全面地研究。
论文首先分析了吉林省水泥混凝土路面病害机理特征,针对问题开展了本地区活性掺合料的物理化学性能试验,并通过5种超细粉的活性对比和超细粉与水泥品种和外加剂的配伍性试验研究,提出了适合季冻区HPPC的材料组成和技术指标要求。
开展了基于耐久性的高性能路面混凝土配合比研究,采用“最大紧方密度试验方法”选择粗集料级配和最优砂率,通过正交设计试验优化了混凝土配合比,找出显著性影响因素,提出了以耐久性为主要考核目标(抗冻性、抗渗性和强度)、适合季冻区高性能路面混凝土的配合比设计方法。
通过力学性能研究(抗压、抗折强度,弯拉弹性模量),比选确定了HPPC中矿质超细粉的最佳掺量、双掺的比例和胶凝材料的总量,并对各指标的影响因素进行分析研究。论文全面系统地对HPPC耐磨性、抗渗性、抗冻性、收缩性以及抗疲劳性等耐久性能进行了分析研究,针对季冻区气候特点,自行设计了盐冻耦合加速冻融破坏试验方法,试验表明HPPC抗盐冻能力、抗渗水性能大幅超过基准普通混凝土;同时也指出掺入沸石粉和粉煤灰要慎重,不合适的掺入量和配合比会降低混凝土的耐磨性和收缩性能。
本研究还通过扫描电镜(SEM)、压汞测孔法和X-射线衍射(XRDA)、差热(DTA)分析试验,全面、深入地分析了HPPC的强度和耐久性形成的微观机理和结构特征。研究结果显示:HPPC中C-S-H的含量远高于基准混凝土,其孔隙率明显降低,孔结构、孔级配得到了很好地改善,混凝土中胶凝孔(<10nm)占总孔比例的70%以上,因此其抗冻、抗渗性能更好。
本研究还修筑了HPPC的试验路,试验证明HPPC具有施工控制技术可行,工作性易于控制,路面平整度好、裂缝较少等优点,后期取芯试验表明HPPC的抗弯拉强度、抗氯离子渗透能力,内部气泡形态、数量等特性均优于对比路段。
最后,通过对HPPC的综合性能及性价比的评价分析得出,HPPC在抗冻性、抗渗性、力学性能、疲劳寿命这四个主要指标上均较基准混凝土有明显的提高,其综合性能是基准混凝土的1.65倍,其性价比是基准混凝土的1.6倍,证明了HPPC不仅具有优良的路用性能,而且还具有较好的经济和社会效益。
由此可见,本研究成果对提高季冻区水泥混凝土路面的建设质量,充分利用地产资源,改进本地区水泥路面混凝土的设计和施工技术,推动水泥路面在季冻区的发展具有积极的意义!
As a main type of pavement structure, cement concrete pavement accounts for a considerable proportion in our country. Up to now cement concrete pavement accounts for about 50% of the total mileage all over the whole country, and 60% in Jilin province. However, under the cooperative effect of raw material, construction control, environment etc., various diseases occurred in the cement pavement. Especially the degradation of concrete durability was extremely serious, and it brought great difficulties to the later maintenance. In order to solve these problems, and show the virtues of cement pavement such as high performance, anti-rutting and long working life etc., it is tremendously significant to carry out the study on high performance pavement concrete combining with the characteristic of seasonal frozen region.
This paper was supported by the key project scientific research of Jilin province. It put forward the technical method for the first time by adding mineral ultra-fine powder and superplasticizer of air entraining agent to realize the high performance pavement concrete system, and made a comprehensive study on various road performances of high performance pavement concrete(HPPC). The paper firstly analyzed the disease mechanism character of cement concrete pavement in Jilin province, and processed physico-chemical properties experiment of bioactive admixture in this region. By making a bioactive comparison towards 5 ultra-fine powders and testing research to the ultra-fine powder, cement and admixture, the material components and technical index suitable for HPPC in the seasonal frozen region was presented.
The match ratio research of high performance pavement concrete based on durability was put forward. The coarse aggregate gradation and optimal sand ratio was selected by“maximum density test method”. The study optimized the concrete match ratio through orthogonal design test and found out the prominent influencing factors. Bring forward durability as a main target (frost resistance, resistance to hydraulic pressure and strength), the match ratio design method that suitable for HPPC in the seasonal frozen region was presented.
The optimal admixture amount of mineral ultra-fine powder in the HPPC, proportion and total amount of binder material were confirmed by mechanical properties research (compressive strength, rupture strength, elastic modulus), and took a analysis on the influencing factors of each index.
This paper made a comprehensively and systematically study on wear resistance, resistance to hydraulic pressure, frost resistance, shrinkage performance and anti-fatigue character and so on. In accordance with the climate character of seasonal frozen region, accelerating freezing and thawing damage test by coupling with frost and salt was designed. It shows that frost and salt resistance, resistance to hydraulic pressure of HPPC overrun the common cement by a large margin. In addition, the proportion to mixture of powdered zeolite powder and fly ash must be appropriate, or else it will reduce the wear resistance and shrinkage property of concrete.
The study also comprehensively and thoroughly analyzed the micro-mechanism and structure feature of strength and durability forming of HPPC by SEM, mercury-infection, XRDA and DTA test. The results indicated that the content of C-S-H in HPPC was far higher than base concrete. Its porosity reduced significantly, and void structure and void gradation were improved greatly. Cementitious pore accounted for 70% of total pores in concrete. Therefore it had a better frost resistance and anti-permeability.
The study constructed the test road of HPPC. The test proved that HPPC had a virtue of feasible construction control technology, easy control to work, good pavement smoothness, and few cracks and so on. Later bore specimen test indicateed that the flexural strength, anti-chloride ion penetration performance, shape and quantity of inner air void was superior to contrast road.
At last by analyzing the comprehensive performance and the cost performance of HPPC, four indexes frost resistance, resistance to hydraulic pressure, mechanical property, and fatigue life were prominently higher than base concrete. Its comprehensive performance was 1.65 times of base concrete, and its cost performance was 1.5 times of base concrete. HPPC not only has a perfect road performance but also has a better economic and social effect.
Thus it can be seen, the study production play a positive role on improving construction quality of cement concrete pavement in the seasonal frozen region, making a better utilization of local resources, improving design and construction technology of cement concrete pavement and promoting the development of cement pavement in this region.
本论文依托吉林省重点工程科研课题,首次系统性地提出了掺入矿质超细粉和高效引气减水剂实现路面混凝土高性能化系统的技术方法,对配制的高性能路面混凝土(简称HPPC)各项路用性能进行了全面地研究。
论文首先分析了吉林省水泥混凝土路面病害机理特征,针对问题开展了本地区活性掺合料的物理化学性能试验,并通过5种超细粉的活性对比和超细粉与水泥品种和外加剂的配伍性试验研究,提出了适合季冻区HPPC的材料组成和技术指标要求。
开展了基于耐久性的高性能路面混凝土配合比研究,采用“最大紧方密度试验方法”选择粗集料级配和最优砂率,通过正交设计试验优化了混凝土配合比,找出显著性影响因素,提出了以耐久性为主要考核目标(抗冻性、抗渗性和强度)、适合季冻区高性能路面混凝土的配合比设计方法。
通过力学性能研究(抗压、抗折强度,弯拉弹性模量),比选确定了HPPC中矿质超细粉的最佳掺量、双掺的比例和胶凝材料的总量,并对各指标的影响因素进行分析研究。论文全面系统地对HPPC耐磨性、抗渗性、抗冻性、收缩性以及抗疲劳性等耐久性能进行了分析研究,针对季冻区气候特点,自行设计了盐冻耦合加速冻融破坏试验方法,试验表明HPPC抗盐冻能力、抗渗水性能大幅超过基准普通混凝土;同时也指出掺入沸石粉和粉煤灰要慎重,不合适的掺入量和配合比会降低混凝土的耐磨性和收缩性能。
本研究还通过扫描电镜(SEM)、压汞测孔法和X-射线衍射(XRDA)、差热(DTA)分析试验,全面、深入地分析了HPPC的强度和耐久性形成的微观机理和结构特征。研究结果显示:HPPC中C-S-H的含量远高于基准混凝土,其孔隙率明显降低,孔结构、孔级配得到了很好地改善,混凝土中胶凝孔(<10nm)占总孔比例的70%以上,因此其抗冻、抗渗性能更好。
本研究还修筑了HPPC的试验路,试验证明HPPC具有施工控制技术可行,工作性易于控制,路面平整度好、裂缝较少等优点,后期取芯试验表明HPPC的抗弯拉强度、抗氯离子渗透能力,内部气泡形态、数量等特性均优于对比路段。
最后,通过对HPPC的综合性能及性价比的评价分析得出,HPPC在抗冻性、抗渗性、力学性能、疲劳寿命这四个主要指标上均较基准混凝土有明显的提高,其综合性能是基准混凝土的1.65倍,其性价比是基准混凝土的1.6倍,证明了HPPC不仅具有优良的路用性能,而且还具有较好的经济和社会效益。
由此可见,本研究成果对提高季冻区水泥混凝土路面的建设质量,充分利用地产资源,改进本地区水泥路面混凝土的设计和施工技术,推动水泥路面在季冻区的发展具有积极的意义!
As a main type of pavement structure, cement concrete pavement accounts for a considerable proportion in our country. Up to now cement concrete pavement accounts for about 50% of the total mileage all over the whole country, and 60% in Jilin province. However, under the cooperative effect of raw material, construction control, environment etc., various diseases occurred in the cement pavement. Especially the degradation of concrete durability was extremely serious, and it brought great difficulties to the later maintenance. In order to solve these problems, and show the virtues of cement pavement such as high performance, anti-rutting and long working life etc., it is tremendously significant to carry out the study on high performance pavement concrete combining with the characteristic of seasonal frozen region.
This paper was supported by the key project scientific research of Jilin province. It put forward the technical method for the first time by adding mineral ultra-fine powder and superplasticizer of air entraining agent to realize the high performance pavement concrete system, and made a comprehensive study on various road performances of high performance pavement concrete(HPPC). The paper firstly analyzed the disease mechanism character of cement concrete pavement in Jilin province, and processed physico-chemical properties experiment of bioactive admixture in this region. By making a bioactive comparison towards 5 ultra-fine powders and testing research to the ultra-fine powder, cement and admixture, the material components and technical index suitable for HPPC in the seasonal frozen region was presented.
The match ratio research of high performance pavement concrete based on durability was put forward. The coarse aggregate gradation and optimal sand ratio was selected by“maximum density test method”. The study optimized the concrete match ratio through orthogonal design test and found out the prominent influencing factors. Bring forward durability as a main target (frost resistance, resistance to hydraulic pressure and strength), the match ratio design method that suitable for HPPC in the seasonal frozen region was presented.
The optimal admixture amount of mineral ultra-fine powder in the HPPC, proportion and total amount of binder material were confirmed by mechanical properties research (compressive strength, rupture strength, elastic modulus), and took a analysis on the influencing factors of each index.
This paper made a comprehensively and systematically study on wear resistance, resistance to hydraulic pressure, frost resistance, shrinkage performance and anti-fatigue character and so on. In accordance with the climate character of seasonal frozen region, accelerating freezing and thawing damage test by coupling with frost and salt was designed. It shows that frost and salt resistance, resistance to hydraulic pressure of HPPC overrun the common cement by a large margin. In addition, the proportion to mixture of powdered zeolite powder and fly ash must be appropriate, or else it will reduce the wear resistance and shrinkage property of concrete.
The study also comprehensively and thoroughly analyzed the micro-mechanism and structure feature of strength and durability forming of HPPC by SEM, mercury-infection, XRDA and DTA test. The results indicated that the content of C-S-H in HPPC was far higher than base concrete. Its porosity reduced significantly, and void structure and void gradation were improved greatly. Cementitious pore accounted for 70% of total pores in concrete. Therefore it had a better frost resistance and anti-permeability.
The study constructed the test road of HPPC. The test proved that HPPC had a virtue of feasible construction control technology, easy control to work, good pavement smoothness, and few cracks and so on. Later bore specimen test indicateed that the flexural strength, anti-chloride ion penetration performance, shape and quantity of inner air void was superior to contrast road.
At last by analyzing the comprehensive performance and the cost performance of HPPC, four indexes frost resistance, resistance to hydraulic pressure, mechanical property, and fatigue life were prominently higher than base concrete. Its comprehensive performance was 1.65 times of base concrete, and its cost performance was 1.5 times of base concrete. HPPC not only has a perfect road performance but also has a better economic and social effect.
Thus it can be seen, the study production play a positive role on improving construction quality of cement concrete pavement in the seasonal frozen region, making a better utilization of local resources, improving design and construction technology of cement concrete pavement and promoting the development of cement pavement in this region.
引文
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