低Ni载量六铝酸盐催化剂上甲烷和二氧化碳重整制合成气反应研究
|
摘要
本文制备了一系列Ni基六铝酸盐催化剂,通过XRD、DTA-TGA、DRS UV-Vis、XPS、TEM等技术对催化剂晶体结构、金属离子间相互作用等物理化学特征进行了较深入的研究,考察了催化剂的反应性能,获得了有意义的研究成果。主要包括:
1.对于LaNixAl11O19-δ催化剂来说,只有当x≥0.5(Ni/La摩尔比)时,才能得到纯净的六铝酸盐晶相结构,这部分Ni2+对晶相的稳定起到至关重要的作用。而当x>1时,有尖晶石型NiAl2O4和钙钛矿型LaAlO3等杂相生成,从而破坏了催化剂的晶相结构。因此,x应控制在0.5-1.0之间,才能使催化剂形成很好的六铝酸盐晶相结构。
2. Pr取代La进行A位调变的六铝酸盐催化剂La1-xPrxNiAl11O19-δ的晶相结构没有发生改变。但Pr的引入使还原后的催化剂表面活性Ni0增多;同时, Pr的掺入促进了La离子与Ni离子之间的电子转移,使Ni能保持在Nio的活性状态,从而促进了反应在催化剂表面的进行。
3.对于不同稀土金属A位调变的六铝酸盐催化剂La0.8A0.2NiAl11O19-δ,由于A位调变对晶相结构中Ni2+产生影响不同,导致催化活性的改变。其中,由于Pr与La具有相似的半径而具有最佳的结构作用,因此使得活性最佳;而活性最差的Ce,则是因为在反应过程中本身存在有Ce3+/Ce4+氧化还原循环,影响了它与La和Ni之间的相互作用,减少了La与Ni之间的相互作用,从而降低了其反应活性。
4.对催化剂表面积碳规律进行了系统的研究。根据积碳氢化温度的高低将积碳分为三种类型:Cα,Cβ和Cγ。Cα为易被CO2消除的活性碳,而Cβ和Cγ为不易被CO2消除的非活性碳,它们之间存在一个生成沉积并逐渐聚集的转化过程。催化剂经氢气还原后(或在反应过程中)表面吸附活泼氢,形成··O···H类似物促进了反应气中CO2的活化解离交换生成活性氧,能够快速消除催化剂表面活性碳,阻止其进一步聚集形成非活性碳,促使催化剂表面达到积碳消碳的平衡,保持了催化剂反应活性的稳定。
In recent years, CO2 reforming of methane to synthesis as a new approach of CH4 conversion and CO2 utilization has gained growing attention from academia and industry. Traditional supported nickel catalysts have also been reported to be effective catalyst for the title reaction and have been studied extensively. However, they suffer from serious deactivation due to carbon deposition, nickel particle sintering and phase transformation, resulting in rapid decrease in activity and lifetime. Therefore, it is very important to improve the state of nickel catalyst in order to overcome these disadvantages. The LaNiAl11O19-δcatalyst prepared exhibits rather high catalytic activities for CO2 reforming methane and also possesses essential advantages over traditional supported nickel catalysts in resistance to carbon deposition, and it is believed that metallic nickel (Ni0) is the active component for this reaction. In order to investigate the action of metallic Ni0 reduced from the lattices and Ni2+ located in the lattices during the process of the crystalline formation and the reaction, a series of catalysts, such as LaNixAl11O19-δ,La1-xPrxNiAl11O19-δ, and hexaaluminate La0.8A0.2 NiAl11O19-δcatalysts (A: rare earth metal), were prepared. Their catalytic activities for this reaction were investigated and their structures were characterized in detail. The behavior of carbon deposition on the Ni substituted hexaaluminate catalysts(LaNi Al11O19-δ) studied also. Some significative results are obtained.
It is found that the unique MP phase can be formed when the ratio of Ni/La (mol) of inserted Ni2+ions is higher than 0.5. This part of Ni2+ions, playing very important role in the stability of the MP crystals, is very difficult to be reduced from the lattices. At the same time, when the ratio of Ni/La (mol) of inserted Ni2+ions is lower than 0.5, the Ni2+ locate in tetrahedral sites at first. When the mount of inserted Ni2+ions is higher, more Ni2+ locate in octahedral sites. This may be one of the reasons for the catalytic activity of these catalysts.
Based on the experimental data, we analyzed the main reactions, which may take place under the experimental conditions and assumed the mechanism of CO2 with CH4 over the hexaaluminate LaNiAl11O19-δcatalyst in detail. At low temperature CH4→C+2H2 reaction is predominant. However, at high temperature CH4+CO2→2CO+2H2 is main reaction. While the main reactions of CO2 with CH4 over hexaaluminate LaNiAl11O19-δcatalyst is CH4+CO2→2CO+2H2.
A series of Pr-doped hexaaluminate La1-xPrxNiAl11O19-δ(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) as catalysts for carbon dioxide reforming of methane were prepared. These catalysts were studied in more detail and it was found that the addition of Pr can promote the interactions of the Ni ions and the La ions and reduce the particle size of the metal and improve the dispersion of the Nio on these catalysts after reduction and more Ni2+ can be reduced to Nio from the crystal structure of hexaaluminates. A series of A-modified hexaaluminates, La0.8A0.2NiAl11O19-δ(A = Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm) as new catalysts for carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas, were prepared by decomposition of nitrates and calcination at high temperature. Nickel ions as active component were inlayed in the hexaaluminate lattices to substitute part of Al ions. The series of catalysts exhibited significantly catalytic activity and ability of restraining carbon deposition at high temperature, for instance at 750 oC for 2h. The experimental results indicate that the catalytic properties of the La0.8Pr0.2NiAl11O19 are more optimal than others. These catalysts were studied in more detail and it was found that the active nickel phase strongly depends on the interactions of the Ni ion and the La ion, which are related to the additives.
The reduced Ni-based hexaaluminates exhibited rather high activity of decomposition of methane. It is concluded that there are three kinds of deposited carbon: Cα,Cβand Cγon the surface of the catalyst after the top reaction. And based on the analysis of XPS, the Cαis attributed to carbide carbon and Cβand Cγare attributed to graphitic carbon. At the same time , the decomposition of methane is the main reason for the deposited carbon on the surface of the catalysts in the top reaction. Finally, the author proposed that a mechanism of carbon deposition and elimination in the reaction over the hexaaluminates catalyst. It is assumed that, in the case of hexaaluminates catalyst (eg.LaNiAl11O19-δ), as a first step the active H is absorbed on the catalyst after reduction. Then there is··O···H exist on the surface of the hexaaluminates catalyst. During the CH4-CO2 refoming reaction, it promotes the activated dissociation of CO2, which produce the active oxygen. Whereafter the active oxygen eliminates the active carbon species which is formed on the metallic nickel surface via the activation of CH4 before converting to graphite carbon.
1.对于LaNixAl11O19-δ催化剂来说,只有当x≥0.5(Ni/La摩尔比)时,才能得到纯净的六铝酸盐晶相结构,这部分Ni2+对晶相的稳定起到至关重要的作用。而当x>1时,有尖晶石型NiAl2O4和钙钛矿型LaAlO3等杂相生成,从而破坏了催化剂的晶相结构。因此,x应控制在0.5-1.0之间,才能使催化剂形成很好的六铝酸盐晶相结构。
2. Pr取代La进行A位调变的六铝酸盐催化剂La1-xPrxNiAl11O19-δ的晶相结构没有发生改变。但Pr的引入使还原后的催化剂表面活性Ni0增多;同时, Pr的掺入促进了La离子与Ni离子之间的电子转移,使Ni能保持在Nio的活性状态,从而促进了反应在催化剂表面的进行。
3.对于不同稀土金属A位调变的六铝酸盐催化剂La0.8A0.2NiAl11O19-δ,由于A位调变对晶相结构中Ni2+产生影响不同,导致催化活性的改变。其中,由于Pr与La具有相似的半径而具有最佳的结构作用,因此使得活性最佳;而活性最差的Ce,则是因为在反应过程中本身存在有Ce3+/Ce4+氧化还原循环,影响了它与La和Ni之间的相互作用,减少了La与Ni之间的相互作用,从而降低了其反应活性。
4.对催化剂表面积碳规律进行了系统的研究。根据积碳氢化温度的高低将积碳分为三种类型:Cα,Cβ和Cγ。Cα为易被CO2消除的活性碳,而Cβ和Cγ为不易被CO2消除的非活性碳,它们之间存在一个生成沉积并逐渐聚集的转化过程。催化剂经氢气还原后(或在反应过程中)表面吸附活泼氢,形成··O···H类似物促进了反应气中CO2的活化解离交换生成活性氧,能够快速消除催化剂表面活性碳,阻止其进一步聚集形成非活性碳,促使催化剂表面达到积碳消碳的平衡,保持了催化剂反应活性的稳定。
In recent years, CO2 reforming of methane to synthesis as a new approach of CH4 conversion and CO2 utilization has gained growing attention from academia and industry. Traditional supported nickel catalysts have also been reported to be effective catalyst for the title reaction and have been studied extensively. However, they suffer from serious deactivation due to carbon deposition, nickel particle sintering and phase transformation, resulting in rapid decrease in activity and lifetime. Therefore, it is very important to improve the state of nickel catalyst in order to overcome these disadvantages. The LaNiAl11O19-δcatalyst prepared exhibits rather high catalytic activities for CO2 reforming methane and also possesses essential advantages over traditional supported nickel catalysts in resistance to carbon deposition, and it is believed that metallic nickel (Ni0) is the active component for this reaction. In order to investigate the action of metallic Ni0 reduced from the lattices and Ni2+ located in the lattices during the process of the crystalline formation and the reaction, a series of catalysts, such as LaNixAl11O19-δ,La1-xPrxNiAl11O19-δ, and hexaaluminate La0.8A0.2 NiAl11O19-δcatalysts (A: rare earth metal), were prepared. Their catalytic activities for this reaction were investigated and their structures were characterized in detail. The behavior of carbon deposition on the Ni substituted hexaaluminate catalysts(LaNi Al11O19-δ) studied also. Some significative results are obtained.
It is found that the unique MP phase can be formed when the ratio of Ni/La (mol) of inserted Ni2+ions is higher than 0.5. This part of Ni2+ions, playing very important role in the stability of the MP crystals, is very difficult to be reduced from the lattices. At the same time, when the ratio of Ni/La (mol) of inserted Ni2+ions is lower than 0.5, the Ni2+ locate in tetrahedral sites at first. When the mount of inserted Ni2+ions is higher, more Ni2+ locate in octahedral sites. This may be one of the reasons for the catalytic activity of these catalysts.
Based on the experimental data, we analyzed the main reactions, which may take place under the experimental conditions and assumed the mechanism of CO2 with CH4 over the hexaaluminate LaNiAl11O19-δcatalyst in detail. At low temperature CH4→C+2H2 reaction is predominant. However, at high temperature CH4+CO2→2CO+2H2 is main reaction. While the main reactions of CO2 with CH4 over hexaaluminate LaNiAl11O19-δcatalyst is CH4+CO2→2CO+2H2.
A series of Pr-doped hexaaluminate La1-xPrxNiAl11O19-δ(x=0,0.2,0.4,0.6,0.8,1.0) as catalysts for carbon dioxide reforming of methane were prepared. These catalysts were studied in more detail and it was found that the addition of Pr can promote the interactions of the Ni ions and the La ions and reduce the particle size of the metal and improve the dispersion of the Nio on these catalysts after reduction and more Ni2+ can be reduced to Nio from the crystal structure of hexaaluminates. A series of A-modified hexaaluminates, La0.8A0.2NiAl11O19-δ(A = Ce,Pr,Nd,Sm) as new catalysts for carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas, were prepared by decomposition of nitrates and calcination at high temperature. Nickel ions as active component were inlayed in the hexaaluminate lattices to substitute part of Al ions. The series of catalysts exhibited significantly catalytic activity and ability of restraining carbon deposition at high temperature, for instance at 750 oC for 2h. The experimental results indicate that the catalytic properties of the La0.8Pr0.2NiAl11O19 are more optimal than others. These catalysts were studied in more detail and it was found that the active nickel phase strongly depends on the interactions of the Ni ion and the La ion, which are related to the additives.
The reduced Ni-based hexaaluminates exhibited rather high activity of decomposition of methane. It is concluded that there are three kinds of deposited carbon: Cα,Cβand Cγon the surface of the catalyst after the top reaction. And based on the analysis of XPS, the Cαis attributed to carbide carbon and Cβand Cγare attributed to graphitic carbon. At the same time , the decomposition of methane is the main reason for the deposited carbon on the surface of the catalysts in the top reaction. Finally, the author proposed that a mechanism of carbon deposition and elimination in the reaction over the hexaaluminates catalyst. It is assumed that, in the case of hexaaluminates catalyst (eg.LaNiAl11O19-δ), as a first step the active H is absorbed on the catalyst after reduction. Then there is··O···H exist on the surface of the hexaaluminates catalyst. During the CH4-CO2 refoming reaction, it promotes the activated dissociation of CO2, which produce the active oxygen. Whereafter the active oxygen eliminates the active carbon species which is formed on the metallic nickel surface via the activation of CH4 before converting to graphite carbon.
引文
1 Sofranko J.A., Pitchai R., Gaffney A.M., Axelrod M.G., Stud.Surf.Sci.Catal., 1994,81:93-101
2蔡启瑞,彭少逸等编著,碳一化学中的催化作用,化学工业出版社,北京,1995,4
3 Rorsch A., Courtney R.S. and Thoenes D., Global Warming and the Accumula tion of Carbon Dioxide in the Atmosphere: a Critical Considera tion of the Evidence, Energy&Environment, 2005, 16(1): 101-125
4徐康,低碳烷烃的催化转化I.甲烷的催化转化,化学进展,1991, 3(1): 28-45
5 W.凯姆(Wilhelm Keim)主编,黄仲涛等译,C1化学中的催化(Catalysis in C1 Chemistry),化学工业出版社,1989, 237
6 Hall T J, Hargreaves J S J, Hutchings G J, Joyner R W, Taylor S H, Catalytic synthesis of methanol and formaldehyde by partial oxidation of methane,Fuel Proc. Technol., 1995, 42: 151-178
7 Foulds G A, Gray B F, Homogeneous gas-phase partial oxidation of methane to methanol and formaldehyde,Fuel Proc. Technol., 1995, 42: 129-150
8 Daniel A. Hickman, Marylin Huff, Lanny D. Schmidt, Alternative catalyst supports for hydrogen cyanide synthesis and ammonia oxidation Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 1993, 32: 809-817
9徐继红,甲烷氯化物生产技术进展,氯碱工业,2001,4
10 Duncan D A,, in Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Des by D. Gtayson et al. wiley, New York., 1978, 1, 211
11邱发礼,品绍洁等,甲烷氧化偶联剂乙烯放大实验中催化剂稳定性的研究,天然气化工,1997,22(2): 33
12 Keller G E, Bhasin M M, Synthesis of ethylene via oxidative coupling of methane : I. Determination of active catalysts , J Catal., 1982, 73: 9-19
13 Otsuka K, Jenno K, Morikawa A, The catalysts active and selective in oxidative coupling of methane, Chem. Lett., 1985: 499-500
14 Stefan B., Manfre R., Oxidative coupling of methane over La2O3---CaO catalysts Effect of bulk and surface properties on catalytic performance ,J. Catal., 1991, 128: 512-519
15化工部天然气化工信息站,国内碳一化学进展──甲烷化学及合成气化学,天然气化工,1995, 20(3): 44-49
16化工部天然气化工信息站,国外碳-化学技术进展,天然气化工,1995, 20(4): 39-44
17李锦春,甲烷化学最新技术进展,天然气化工,1999,5: 49-55
18 Ashcroft A. T., Cheetham A. K., Foord J. S., Green M. L. H., Grey C. P. , Murrell A. J.,Vernon P. D. F.,Selective oxidation of methane to synthesis gas using transition metal catalysts,Nature, 1990, 344: 319 - 321
19严前古,于作龙,远松月,载体对甲烷催化部分氧化剂合成气的影响,石油与天然气化工,1997,26(3): 145
20 Dissanayake D, Rosynek M P, et al, Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Methane over Ba-Pb, Ba-Bi, and Ba-Sn Perovskites , J. Catal., 1993, 139: 652-663
21 Hickman D A, Schmidt L D, Production of Syngas by Direct Catalytic Oxidation of Methane Science, 1993, 259: 343-346
22 Bharadwas S S, Schmidt L D, Synthesis gas formation by catalytic oxidation of methane in fluidized bed reactors, J Catal., 1994, 146: 11-21
23 Wang L.S., Tao L.X., Xie M.S., Xu G.F., Huang J.S.and Xu Y.D., Dehydrogenation and aromatization of methane under non-oxidizing conditions, Catal. Lett., 1993, 21: 35-41
24谭平连,徐竹生,甲烷氧化及非氧芳构化研究新进展,石油与天然气化工,1998,27(1): 15-18
25曾金龙,熊智涛等,强酸促进的W/HSM—5基催化剂上甲烷非氧化脱氢芳构化,高等学校化学学报,1998,19(1): 123
26唐松柏,邱发礼,品绍洁等,CH4—CO2转化反应载体对负载型Ni催化剂抗积炭性能的影响,天然气化工, 1994, 6: 60
27 Gillies M T, C1-Based Chemicals from Hydrogen and Carbon Monoxide, Noyes Dala Corporation, Park Rark Ridge, New Jersey, U.S.A., 1982
28 Royer a Schedon, Chemicals for Synthesis gas, D Reidel, Publishing Company, Goston, 1983
29 Kung H H, Methanol synthesis Catal. Rev, Sci., 1981, 22(2): 235-259
30李文钊,天然气催化转化新进展,石油与天然气化工,1998,27(1): 1-3
31 Chemical Week, April 2, 1997, 26
32刘一静,刘瑾,天然气制甲醇合成气工艺及进展,化工时刊, 2007, 21(5): 64-67
33新型清洁能源——二甲醚,山东大学科技开发部,技术与市场, 2005, 12: 25
34李晋鲁,张学工,乾智行,双水解法沉淀制备由合成气直接合成二甲醚的催化剂,催化学报, 1996,17(2): 93-94
35郭俊旺,牛玉琴,张碧江,浆态床CO加氢制二甲醚的工艺条件研究,天然气化工,1997, 22(6): 34-39
36薛冠申,从天然气制取乙醇,化工新型材料, 1985, 8:23
37沈师孔,天然气和油田气化的化工利用,石油与天然气化工,1996, 25(4): 179-187
38 Chang C. D., MTG Revisited, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1991, 61: 393-404
39谭平连,徐竹生,张涛, Mo-Pt(V等)/HZSM-5上甲烷非氧芳构化,石油与天然气与化工,1997, 26(3): 131
40林荆,刘殿华等,CM—3—1催化剂上甲醇脱水生成二甲醚的动力学研究,天然气化工,1996, 21(5): 26-30
41 Rouhi A M, C&E N, May, 1993, 10: 22
42化工部天然气化工信息站,国内碳一化学进展──甲醇化学和CO2化学,天然气化工,1995, 20(5): 35-39
43谢光全,碳一化学技术进展,石油与天然气化工,1998, 27(4): 217-221
44黄涛,姚洁,王公应,碳酸二甲酯合成及应用,天然气化工,1998, 27(3): 152-156.
45 Aschcroft A T, Cheetham A K, Green M L H, Vernon PD F, Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas using carbon dioxide, Nature, 1991, 352: 225-226
46 Armor J N.The multiple roles for catalysis in the production of H2.Appl. Catal. A:Gen., 1999, 176(2): 159-176
47 Lidia P., Vincenzo R., Sabina B., Ashok K. S., Manjanath S. H., Parthasarathi B., Catalytic partial-oxidation of methane on a ceria-supported platinum catalyst for application in fuel cell electric vehicles, Appl. Catal. A :Gen., 2002, 225(2): 63-75
48 Rostrup-Nielsen J R, Catalytic Stream Reforming Catalysis, Science and Technology (Edited by Anderson J R and Boudart M), Springer, Berlin, 1984, 5, 1
49 Aguiar, Lapenia—Rey N, Chadwick D.et a1.Improving catatyst structures and reactor configurations for autothernmt reaction systems:application to solid oxide fuel cells, Chem. Eng. Sci.,2001,56: 651-658
50 Ma L,Trimm D. L., Ahernative catalyst bed configurations for the autothermic conversion of methane to hydrogen, Appl. Catal. A:Gen.,1996,138: 265-273
51 Rostrup-Nielsen J R, Dybkjer I. and Christiansen L.J., NATO ASI ChemicalReactors Technology for Environmentally Safe Reactors and Products (Edited by Lasa H D) Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1992, 249
52 Ridler D. E., Twigg M. W., Catalysts Handbook 2nd edn. (Edited by Twigg M V)Wolfe, Publ., London, 1989, 1
53 Udengaard N. R., Bak Hamsen J. H., Hanson D. C., Stal J A, Sulfur passivated reforming process lowers syngas H2/CO ratio,Oil Gas J, 1992, 90(10): 62-67
54 Froment G F, Bischoff K B, Chemical Reactor Analysis and Design, John Wuketm New York, 1979
55 Satterfield C N, Heterogeneous Catalysis in Industrial Practice, Mc Graw-Hill, New York,1991
56 Gadalla A M., Barbara B.,Carbon dioxide reforming of methane on nickel catalysts,Chem. Eng. Sci.,1989,44:2825-2829
57 Gavalas G R, Rhichitkul C, Voecks GE, Structure and activity of NiO/α-Al2O3 and NiO/ZrO2 calcined at high temperatures : I. Structure,J. Catal., 1984, 88: 54-64
58沈师孔,天然气和油田气化的化工利用,石油与天然气化工,1996, 25(4): 179-187
59 Lu Y.,Liu Y.,Shen S.K. Design of stable Ni catalysts for partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas ,J Catal., 1998, 177: 386-388
60 Torniainen P M,Chu X,Schmidt L D,Comparison of monolith-supported metals for the direct oxidation of methane to syngas,J. Catal., 1994, 146: 1-10
61 Li C.Y., Yu C.C., Shen S.K.,Role of the surface state of Ni/Al2O3 in partial oxidation of CH4, Catalysis Lett. 2000, 67: 139-145
62 Choudhary V. R., Rajput A.M., Mamman A.S., NiO-Alkaline Earth Oxide Catalysts for Oxidative Methane-to-Syngas Conversion: Influence of Alkaline Earth Oxide on the Surface Properties and Temperature-Programmed Reduction/Reaction by H2 and Methane, J. Catal., 1998, 178: 576-585
63 Dissanayake D., Lunsford J. H., Rosynek M. P.,Oxidative Coupling of Methane over Oxide-Supported Barium Catalysts, J. Catal., 1993, 143: 286-298
64 Choudhary V. R., Rane V. H., Rajput A.M., Selective oxidation of methane to CO and H2 over unreduced NiO-rare earth oxide catalysts, Catal. Lett. 1993, 22: 289-297
65 Torniainen P. M., Chu X., Schmidt L. D., Comparison of monolith-supported metals for the direct oxidation of methane to syngas J. Catal. 1994, 146: 1-10
66 Vernon P D F, Green M L H, Cheetham A K, Aschcroft A T, Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas, Catal. Lett., 1990, 6: 181-186
67 Ruckenstein E., Wang H. Y., Effect of Support on Partial Oxidation of Methane to Synthesis Gas over Supported Rhodium Catalysts, J. Catal., 1999, 187: 151-159
68 Majocchi L. , Groppi G., Cristiani C., Forzatti P., Basini L. and Guarinoni A., Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas over Rh-hexaaluminate-based catalysts, Catal. Lett., 2000, 65: 49-56
69 Pefla M.A., Gomez J.P., Fierro J.L.G., New catalytic routes, for syngas and hydrogen production, Appl.Catal. A: Gen., 1996, 144: 7-57
70 Rostrup-Nielsen J.R., Production of Synthesis Gas, Catal. Today, 1993, 18: 305-324
71 Aguiar P., Lapenia—Rey N., Chadwick D., Kershenbaum L., Inproving Catatyst structures and reactor configurations for autothernmt reaction systems: application to solid oxide fuel cells, Chem. Eng. Sci., 2001, 56(2): 651-658
72 Ma L., Trimm D. L., Alternative catalyst bed configurations for the autothermic conversion of methane to hydrogen, Appl. Catal. A:Gen.1996, 138: 265-273
73 Tatsuya T., Shin—Nosuke F., Masashi I., Koichi E., Autothermal reforming of methane over Ni catalysts supported over CaO-CeO2-ZrO2 solid solution, Appl. Catal.: Gen., 2003, 240: 223-233
74 Guo J.J.,Lou H.,et al. Drying reforming of methane over nickel catalysts supported on magnesium aluminate spinels, Appl. Catal. A:Gen.,2004.273:75-78
75季亚英,陈燕馨等, Mg调变Ni基催化剂上甲烷部分氧化制合成气[J].天然气化工, 1999, 24(2):12-16
76 Waener E.S., Froment G.F., Steam reformine analysis. Hvdroc. Proc.. 1992. 9: 69.
77 J.T. Richardson, M.B. Cullinane, A.S. Frank,Characterization and deactivation of NiO/ThO2 catalysts, Appl. Catal., 1989, 48: 159-176
78 Dostrovsty I., Energy and the Missing Resource, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1998.
79 Chubb TA, Characteristics of CO2CH4 reforming-methanation cycle relevant to the solchem thermochemical power system Sol. Energy, 1980, 24(4): 341-345.
80 McCrary J H, McCrary G E, Chubb T A, Nenecek J J and Simmons, Sol.Energy, 1982, 29: 141
81 Andujar P J M, Proc. Int Energy Convers. Enging. Conf., 1986, 21: 695
82 T.ichardson RJ.,Papipatyadar S.A., Carbon dioxide reforming of methane with supported Rhodium, Appl. Catal., 1990, 61: 293-309
83 Chubb T.A., Characteristics of CO2-CH4 reforming-methanation cycle relevant to the solchem thermochemical power system, Sol. Energy 1980, 24: 341
84 Levy M., Levitan R., Rosin H., Rubin R., Solar energy storage via a closed loop chemical heat pipe, Sol. Energy 1993, 50:,179
85 Trevor D. J., Cox D. M., Kaldor A., Methane activation on unsupported platinum clusters, J.Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112: 3742
86 Kuijpers E. G. M., Breedijk A. K., Vander Wal W. J. J., and Gues J. W., Chemisorption of methane on Ni/SiOz catalysts and reactivity of the chemisorption products toward hydrogen, J. Catal., 1983, 81: 429
87 Beebe T. P., , Goodman D. W., Kay B. D., Yates J. T., The Kinetics of the Activated Dissociative Adsorption of Methane on the Low Index Planes of Nickel Single Crystal Surfaces, J. Chem. Phys., 1987, 87: 2305
88 Aparicio L.M., Transient Isotopic Studies and Microkinetic Modeling of Methane Reforming over Nickel Catalysts, J. Catal., 1997, 165, 262-274
89 Matsumoto H., Shokubai, 1974, 16, 122
90 Takayasu O., Hongo N., Matsuura I., Partial Oxidation Reaction of Methane with Oxygen or Carbon Dioxide by Transition Metal Catalysts Supported on Ultrafine Single-Crystal Magnesium Oxide, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1993, 75, 1951-1954
91 Zhang Z.L., Verylcios X.E., Macdonald S.M., Affrossman S., Comparative Study of Carbon Dioxide of Methane to Gas over and Nickel-Based Catalysts, J. Phy. Chem., 1996, 100: 744-754
92 Nagaoka K., Takanabe K., Aika K., Influence of the phase composition of titanic on catalytic behavior of Co/Ti02 for the reforming of methane, Chem. Commun., 2002, 9: 1006-1007
93 Fischer F., Tropsch H., Conversion of methane into hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Brennst.Chem., 1928, 3: 39
94 Charles O. Hawk, Paul L. Golden, H. H. Storch, A. C. Fieldner, Conversion of Methane to Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1932, 24(1), 23-27
95 Sodesawa T., Dobashi A. and Nozaki F., Catalytic reaction of methane with carbon dioxide, React. Kinet. Catal. Lett., 1979, 12(1): 107-111
96余长春,丁雪加,沈师孔, CO2与CH4催化反应合成气研究,分子催化, 1993, 7(2): 151-155
97徐恒泳,范夜梅,商永臣,史克英,徐国林等,天然气和二氧化碳转化制合成气的研究Ⅵ:Ni/Al2O3催化剂再生的疏活机理分子催化, 1995, 9(6): 445-450
98路勇等,负载型镍金属催化剂上甲烷与二氧化碳重整制合成气,催化学报, 1996,17(3): 212-216
99纪敏,博士学位论文(Doctoral Dissertation),吉林大学, 1996
100徐占林,博士学位论文(Doctoral Dissertation),吉林大学, 2000
101刘延,博士学位论文(Doctoral Dissertation),吉林大学, 2003
102 Mahesh V. I., Lawrence P. N., Punnoose A., Edwin L. K., Mohindar S. S. and Dadyburjor D. B., Catalysis for Synthesis Gas Formation from Reforming of Methane, Top. Catal., 2004, 29( 3–4) : 197-200
103 Sania Maria de Lim and Jose′Mansur Assaf Ni–Fe catalysts based on perovskite-type oxides for dry reforming of methane to syngas, Catal. Lett. 2006, 108, (1–2): 63
104 Sánchez M.D., Moreno M.S., Costilla I., Gigola C.E.,Characterization of carbon nanofibers produced in the reforming of CH4 with CO2 over supported Pd,Catal. Today, 2008, 133-135: 842-845
105 Ashcroft A.T., Cheetham A.K., Green M.L.H., Vernon P.D.F., Partialsynthesis gas using carbon dioxide, Nature, 1991, 352: 225-226
107徐恒泳,孙希贤,范业梅等,甲烷,二氧化碳转化制合成气的研究:1.催化剂及其催化性能,石油化工,1992, 21(3): 147-153.
108 Rostrap-Nielsen J.R., in J.R. Anderson, M. Boudart, Catalysis, Science and Technology, Vol. 5,p. 1, Springer, 1982.
109 Lu G.Q.M., Wang S., Ni-based catalysts for carbon dioxide reforming of methane, J. ChemTech 1999, 29(1): 37
110 Zhang Z.L., Verykios X.E., Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas oversupported Ni catalysts, Catal. Today, 1994, 21(2-3): 589-595
111 Chen Y.G., Tomishige K., Yokoyama K., Fujimoto K., Promoting effect of Pt, Pd and Rhnoble metals to the Ni0.03Mg0.97O solid solution catalysts for the reforming of CH4 with CO2,Appl. Catal. A:Gen., 1997, 165(1-2): 335-347
112 Chen P. Zhang H.B., Line G.D. ,Promoting effect of Pt, Pd and Rh noble metals to the Ni0.03Mg0.97O solid solution catalysts for the reforming of CH4 with CO2 Appl. Catal. A:Gen.1998, 166(2): 343-350
113 Masai M., Kado H., Miyake A., Nishiyama S., and Tauruya S., Methane Reforming by Carbon Dioxide and Steam Over Supported Pd, Pt, and Rh Catalysts, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal.,1988,36: 67-71
114 Wang S., Lu G.Q., Recent Advances in Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane over Ni-based Catalysts, J. ChemTech, 1999, 29: 37-45
115路勇,邓存,丁雪加,担载型钴金属催化剂上甲烷与二氧化碳转化制合成气,催化学报, 1995,16(6): 447-452
116 Ruckenstein E., Hu Y. H. , Carbon dioxide reforming of methane over nickel/alkaline earth metal oxide catalysts Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 1995,133(1): 149-161
117 Michael C. J. Bradford, M. Albert Vannice,CO2 Reforming of CH4over Supported Pt Catalysts, J. Catal., 1998,173(1): 157-171
118任杰,陈仰光,吴东等,甲烷,二氧化碳重整制合成气催化剂的研究,分子催化, 1994,8(3), 181-190
119 Wang H.Y., Ruckenstein E., Carbon dioxideof methane to synthesis gas over supported rhodium catalysts:the effect of support, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2000, 204(1): 143-152
120 Tsipouriari V. A., Efstathiou A. M., Zhang Z. L., Verykios X. E., Reforming of methane with carbon dioxide to synthesis gas over supported Rh catalysts,Catal. Today, 1994,21: 579-587
121 Erdohelyi A., Cserenyi J. and Solymosi F., Catalytic reaction of methane with carbon dioxide over supported palladium ,Appl. Catal. A:1994, 108, 205-219
122 Guerrero-Ruiz A.,Sepulveda., Cooperative action of cobalt and MgO for the catalysed reforming of CH4 with CO2 ,Catal.Today,1994,21:545-550
123谬清等,催化剂新反应与新材料,1996,130
124 Park S.E., Shim E.K., Lee K.W. and Kim P.S., Formation of methylformate during hydrogenation of CO2 over Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 and K-Fe/L zeolite catalysts, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1994, 84: 1595-1602
125史克英,徐恒泳,商永臣等,天然气和二氧化碳转化制合成气的研究:Ⅲ.催化剂抗积炭性能,分子催化, 1995, 9(3): 161-164
126徐龙伢,王清遐等K-Ni-La/Si-2催化剂用于天然气与二氧化碳重整制合成气的研究,石油与天然气化工, 1998, 27(1): 7-9
127陈仰光任杰吴东等,甲烷,二氧化碳重整催化剂的研究:Ⅱ.MgO—CeO2双金属氧化物对Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂抗积炭性能的影响,石油化工, 1994, 23(12):771-775
128 Reitmeier R. E., Atwood K., Bennett H., Baugh H., Production of Synthetic Gas - Reaction of Light Hydrocarbons with Steam and Carbon Dioxide, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1948,40(4): 620-626
129 White G.A., Roszkowski T.R. and Stanbrige D.W., Predict Carbon Formation,Hydrocarbon Process, 1975, 54(7): 130-136
130 Sacco A., Geurts F.W.A.H., Jablonski G.A., Lee S. and Gatell R.A., Carbon deposition and filament growth on Fe, Co, and Ni foils using CH4---H2-- -H2O---CO---CO2 gas mixtures, J. Catal., 1989, 119: 322-341
131 Richardson J.T., Cullinane M.B., Frank A.S., Characterization and deactivation of NiO-ThO2 catalysts, Appl. Catal., 1989,48: 159-176
132 Rostrup-Nielsen J. R., Sulfur-passivated nickel catalysts for carbon-free steam reforming of methane , J. Catal., 1984, 85, 31-43
133 Blyholder G., Lawless M., A theoretical study of the site of CO dissociation on Fe(100), Surf. Sci., 1993,290: 155-162
134 Johnson S. and Madix R.J.,Desorption of hydrogen and carbon monoxide from Ni(100), Ni(100)p(2×2)S, and Ni(100)c(2×2)S surfaces, Surf. Sci., 1981, 108(1), 77-98
135 Xu Y.S., Hong X. L. ,EHMO calculations for CO dissociation on supported metal catalysts, J. Mol. Catal., 1985, 33: 179-188
136 Sandell A., Bennich P., Nilsson A., Hernn?s B., Bj?rneholm O., M?rtensson N. Chemisorption of CO on Cu(100), Ag(110) and Au(110) , Surf. Sci., 1994,130: 16-26
137 Somorjai G. A., in Bonding Energetics in Organometallic Compounds (T. J. Marks, ed.), ACS Symposium Series 428, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. 1990, p.218
138 Tavares M., Alstrup T., I., Berriardo C. A. and Rostrup-Nielsen J. R., CO Disproportionation on Silica-Supported Nickel and Nickel-Copper Catalysts, J. Catal., 1994, 147: 525-534
139. Chesnokov V. V., Zaikovskii V. I., Buyanov R. A., Molchanov V. V. and Plyasova L. M., Morphology of carbon from methane on nickel-containing catalysts, Catal. Today 1995, 24: 265-267
140 Swaan H. M., Kroll V. C. H., Martin G. A. and Mirodatos C., Deactivation ofsupported nickel catalysts during the reforming of methane by carbon dioxide, Catal. Today, 1994, 21, 571-578
141 Tsipopuriari V. A., Efstathiou A. M., Zhang Z. L. and Verykios X. E., Reforming of methane with carbon dioxide to synthesis gas over supported Rh catalysts,Catal. Today 1994, 21: 579-587.
142 Michael C. J. Bradford, and M. Albert Vannice, CO2 Reforming of CH4over Supported Pt Catalysts,J. Catal., 1998, 173: 157-171
143 Bradford M. C. J. and Vannice M. A.,Catalytic reforming of methane with carbon dioxide over nickel catalysts I. Catalyst characterization and activity Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 1996(142): 73-96
144 Zhang Z.L., Verykios X.E., Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas oversupported Ni catalysts, Catal. Today 1994, 21(2-3): 589-595
145 Bradford M. C. J. and Vannice M. A., Metal-support interactions during the CO2 reforming of CH4 over model TiOx/Pt catalysts, Catal. Lett., 1997, 48: 31-38
146 Tang S.B., Qiu F.L. and Lu S.J., Effect of supports on the carbon deposition of nickel catalysts for methane reforming with CO2 , Catal. Today, 1995, 24: 253-255
147 Masai M., Kado H., Miyake A., Nishiyama S. and Tsuruya S., In Methane Conversion(B. M. Biddy, C. D. Chang, R. F. Howe and S. Yurchak, eds.), Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1998, p.67
148 Roberts S., Gorte R. J., A study of platinum films on zirconia(100), J. Phys. Chem., 1991, 95 (14): 5600–5604
149 Baker R. T. K., Prestridge E. B., McVicker G. B. ,The Interaction of palladium with alumina and titanium oxide supports, J. Catal., 1984(89): 422-432
150 Kroll V. C. H., Swaan H. M. and Mirodatos C., Methane Reforming Reaction with Carbon Dioxide Over Ni/SiO2Catalyst: I. Deactivation Studies ,J. Catal., 1996, 161: 409-422
151 Chen Y.G and Ren J., Conversion of methane and carbon dioxide into synthesis gas over alumina-supported nickel catalysts: Effect of Ni-Al2O3 interactions, Catal. Lett., 1994, 29: 39
152 Bhattacharyya A. and Chang V. W., CO2 Reforming of Methane to Syngas: Deactivation Behavior of Nickel Aluminate Spinel Catalysts, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1994, 88: 207-213
153 Chen Y.G., Yamazaki O., Tomishige K. and Fujimoto K., Noble metal promoted Ni0.03Mg0.97O solid solution catalysts for the reforming of CH4 with CO2,Catal. Lett., 1996, 39: 91-95
154 Hu Y. H. and Ruckenstein E., An optimum NiO content in the CO2 reforming of CH4 with NiO/MgO solid solution catalysts, Catal. Lett., 1996, 36, 145
155 Erdohelyi A., Fodor K. and Solymosi F., Reaction of CH4 with CO2 and H2O over supported Ir catalyst , Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1997, 107: 525-530
156 Bradford M. C. J., Thesis Ph. D., The Pennsylvania State University 1997
157 Stagg S. M. and Resasco D. E., Effect of promoters on supported Pt catalysts for CO2 reforming of CH4, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1998, 119: 813-818
158 Bodrov I M,Apeibaum L O, LM. Bodov, L.O. Apel'baum, Kinetics of the reaction of methane with steam on the surface of nickel, Kinet. Catal., 1964, 5: 696
159 Erdohelyi A,Cserenyi,Solymosi F.,Activation of CH4 and Its Reaction with CO2 over Supported Rh Catalysts, J.Catal., 1993, 141: 287-299
160 Erdohelyi A, J Cserenyi, E. Papp, F. Solymosi, Catalytic reaction of methane with carbon dioxide over supported palladium, Appl. Catal. A:Gen.,1994,108: 205-219
161 Solymosi F, Kistan Gy, Erdohelyi A., Catalytic reaction of CH4 with CO2 over alumina-supported Pt metals, Catal.Lett., 1991, 11: 149-156
162 Erdohelyi A,Fodor K,Solymosi F., Reaction of CH4 with CO2 and H2O over supported Ir catalyst, Stud Surf Sci Catal, 1997, 107: 525-530
163 Qin D.Y., Lapszewicz J., Jiang X.Z., Comparison of Partial Oxidation and Steam-CO2Mixed Reformingof CH4to Syngas on MgO-Supported Metals, J.Catal. 1996,159(1): 140-149
164 Walter K., Buyevskaya O. V., Wolf D. Baerns M., Rhodium-catalyzed partial oxidation of methane to CO and H2: In situ DRIFTS studies on surface intermediates, Catal. Lett., 1994, 29: 261-270
165 Shustorovich E., Bell A. T., An analysis of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis by the bond-order-conservation-Morse-potential approach, Surf. Sci., 1991, 248: 359-368
1 Stubl D.R., Prophet H, JANAF Thermachemical Tables, NSRDS-NBS 37, Washing- ton D.C.,1971
2许峥,张继炎,张鎏,CH4—CO2转化的研究进展,石油化工,1997,26(6): 402-407
3邓景发,范康年,物理化学,高等教育出版社(1997.7): 151–152
4邓景发,范康年,物理化学,高等教育出版社(1997.7): 795–803
5 Gadalla A M., Barbara B.,Carbon dioxide reforming of methane on nickel catalysts,Chem. Eng. Sci.,1989,44: 2825-2829
6 Batiot-Dupeyrat C., Valderrama G., Meneses A., Martinez F., Barrault J., Tatibou?t J. M., Pulse study of CO2 reforming of methane over LaNiO3, Appl. Catal.A 2003,248(1-2): 143-151
7 Sen B., Falconer J. L., Mao T. F., Yu M., Flesner R. L., Spillover of CO and H2 ontoAl2O3 surfaces, J.Catal., 1990, 126: 465-476
8 Cheng Z. X., Zhao X. G., Li J. L., Zhu Q. M., Role of support in CO2 reforming of CH4 over a Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, Appl. Catal.A , 2001, 205: 31-36
1 Liu D.P., Lau R., Borgna A., Yang Y.,Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas over Ni-MCM-41 catalysts,Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2009,358(2): 110-118
2 Sánchez M.D., Moreno M.S., Costilla I., Gigola C.E.,Characterization of carbon nanofibers produced in the reforming of CH4 with CO2 over supported Pd,Catal.Today, 2008, 133-135: 842-845
3 Robert M. Rioux, Anderson L. Marsh, J.S. Gaughan, G.A. Somorjai,Oxidation and reforming reactions of CH4 on a stepped Pt(5 5 7) single crystal,Catal. Today, 2007, 123(1-4): 265-275
4 Erdohelyi A., Cserenyi J., Solymosi F.,Activation of CH4 and Its Reaction with CO2 over Supported Rh Catalysts,J. Catal., 1993, 141( 1): 287-299
5 Wu J.C.S., Chou H.C.,Bimetallic Rh–Ni/BN catalyst for methane reforming with CO2,Chem. Eng. J., 2009, 148(2-3): 539-545
6 Qin D., Lapszewicz J.,Study of mixed steam and CO2 reforming of CH4 to syngas on MgO-supported metals,Catal. Today, 1994, 21( 2-3): 551-560
7 Rostrupnielsen J. R., Hansen J. H. B.,CO2-Reforming of Methane over Transition Metals,J.Catal., 1993, 144: 38-49
8许峥,张继炎,张鎏, CH4—CO2转化的研究进展,石油化工,1997,26(6): 402-407.
9 Sahli N., Petit C., Roger A.C., Kiennemann A., Libs S., M.M. Bettahar,Ni catalysts from NiAl2O4 spinel for CO2 reforming of methane,Catal. Today, 2006, 113(3-4): 187-193
10许峥,李玉敏,张继炎,张鎏,何菲,甲烷二氧化碳重整制合成气的镍基催化剂性能Ⅱ.碱性助剂的作用, 1997,18(5): 364-367
11纪敏,周美娟,毕颖丽,甄开吉,Ni/γ-Al2O3, Ni/MgO, Ni/SiO2催化剂上甲烷与二氧化碳重整反应的研究, 1997,11(1): 6-12
12 Araujo J.C.S., Zanchet D., Rinaldi R., Schuchardt U., Hori C.E., Fierro J.L.G., Bueno J.M.C.,The effects of La2O3 on the structural properties of La2O3–Al2O3 prepared by the sol–gel method and on the catalytic performance of Pt/La2O3–Al2O3 towards steam reforming and partial oxidation of methane,Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 2008, 84, ( 3-4): 552-562
13陈仰光,任杰,吴东等,甲烷,二氧化碳重整催化剂的研究:Ⅱ.MgO—CeO2双金属氧化物对Ni/γ—Al2O3催化剂抗积炭性能的影响石油化工,1994.23(12): 771-775
14 Zhang Z L,Verykios X E, Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas over supported Ni catalysts, Catal.Today, 1994,21: 589-595
15 Pompeo F., Gazzoli D., Nichio N. N.,Stability improvements of Ni/α-Al2O3 catalysts to obtain hydrogen from methane reforming,International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2009, 34(5) : 2260-2268
16 Rezaei M., Alavi S.M., Sahebdelfar S., Bai P., Liu X.M., Yan Z.F.,CO2 reforming of CH4 over nanocrystalline zirconia-supported nickel catalysts, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 2008, 77( 3-4): 346-354
17纪敏,周美娟,毕颖丽,甄开吉,吴越, La2O3-Ni/SrAl12O19催化剂上甲烷与二氧化碳重整反应的研究,分子催化, 1997, 11(1): 13-20
18刘延,周广栋,王君霞,庄红,李文兴,毕颖丽,甄开吉, Ni/AAl12O19(A=Ca,Sr, Ba, La)催化CO2重整甲烷制合成气,宁夏大学学报(自然科学版),2001,22(2): 150-151
19 Arail H., Eguchi K., Machida M., Shiomitsu T, Catal. Sci. Tech.,1991,1:195
20 Blom R., Dahl I. M., Slagtem ?., Sortland B., Spjelkavik A., Tangstad E.,Carbon dioxide reforming of methane over lanthanum-modified catalysts in a fluidized-bed reactor, Catal. Taday, 1994, 21(2-3): 535-543
21 Iyi N., Takekawa S., Kimura S., Crystal chemistry of hexaaluminates:β-alumina and magnetoplumbite structures, J. Sol. State Chem., 1989, 83: 8-19
22 Xu Z.L. , Zhen M., Bi Y.L. and Zhen K.J.,Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas over hexaaluminate ANiAl11O19-δ(A = Ca, Sr, Ba and La) catalysts, Catal. Lett., 2000, 64: 157–161
23 Saber D., Lejus A.M.,Elaboration and characterization of lanthanide aluminate single crystals with the formula LnMgAl11O19,Mater. Res. Bull., 1981,16: 1325-1330
24徐占林,崔湘浩,甄明,毕颖丽,甄开吉,六铝酸盐LaMAl11O19-δ催化CO2重整甲烷制合成气,高等学校化学学报, 2000,21(2): 298-300
25 Laville F., Perrin M., Lejus A. M., Gasperin M., Moncorge R., Vivien D., Synthesis, crystal growth, structural determination, and optical absorption spectroscopy of the magnetoplumbite type compound LaNiAl11O19, J. Sol. State Chem., 1986,65(3): 301-308
26 Yan L.C. and Thompson L.T., Synthesis and characterization of aerogel-derived cation- substituted barium hexaaluminates,Appl.Catal. A:Gen. 1998,171:219-228
27史克英,徐恒泳,张桂玲,王玉忠,徐国林,韦永德,天然气-二氧化碳-水蒸气-氧转化制合成气的研究——稀土助剂的作用,催化学报,2002,23(1): 15-18
28姜蓬勃,商永臣,史克英,魏树权,徐国林,甲烷在稀土助剂修饰的Ni/α- Al2O3催化剂上的解离,分子催化,2002,16(6): 423-426
29徐军科,李兆静,汪吉辉,周伟,马建新,甲烷干重整催化剂Ni/Al2O3表面积炭表征与分析,物理化学学报,2009, 25(2): 253-260
30 Xu Z.L., Zhao L.N., Pang F., Wang L., Niu C.Y. Partial Oxidation of Methane to Synthesis Gas over Hexaaluminates LaMAl11O19-δcatalysts, J. Nat. Gas Chem., 2007, 16: 60-63
31 Xu Z., Li Y.M., Zhang J.Y., Chang L., Zhou R.Q., Duan Z.T., Ultrafine NiO–La2O3–Al2O3 aerogel: a promising catalyst for CH4/CO2 reforming, Appl.Catal. A:Gen. 2001, 213 (1): 65-71
32 Chu Y.L., Li S.B., Lin J.Z., Gu J.F., Yang Y.L., Partial oxidation of methane to carbon monoxide and hydrogen over NiO/La2O3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, Appl. Catal., 1996, 134(1): 67-80
33 Batiot-Dupeyrat C., Valderrama G., Meneses A., Martinez F., Barrault J., Tatibou?t J. M., Pulse study of CO2 reforming of methane over LaNiO3, Appl.Catal.A ,2003, 248(1-2): 143-151
34 Sen B., Falconer J. L., Mao T. F., Yu M., Flesner R. L.,Spillover of CO and H2 onto Al2O3 surfaces, J.Catal., 1990, 126: 465-476
35 Cheng Z. X., Zhao X. G., Li J. L., Zhu Q. M. ,Role of support in CO2 reforming of CH4 over a Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, Appl. Catal.A , 2001, 205: 31-36
36崔月华,博士学位论文,中国科学院大连化学物理研究所,2006
1李穗玲,李白滔,甲烷二氧化碳催化重整制合成气的催化剂研究新进展,石油与天然气化工, 2008, 37(4): 285-290
2许峥,李玉敏,张继炎,张鎏,何菲,甲烷二氧化碳重整制合成气的镍基催化剂性能Ⅱ.碱性助剂的作用, 1997, 18(5): 364-367
3 Araujo J.C.S., Zanchet D., Rinaldi R., Schuchardt U., Hori C.E., Fierro J.L.G., Bueno J.M.C.,The effects of La2O3 on the structural properties of La2O3–Al2O3 prepared by the sol–gel method and on the catalytic performance of Pt/La2O3–Al2O3 towards steam reforming and partial oxidation of methane, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 2008, 84( 3-4): 552-562
4陈仰光任杰吴东等,甲烷,二氧化碳重整催化剂的研究:Ⅱ.MgO—CeO2双金属氧化物对Ni/γ—Al2O3催化剂抗积炭性能的影响,石油化工, 1994, 23(12): 771-775
5 Zhang Z L,Verykios X E, Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas over supported Ni catalysts,Catal.Today, 1994, 21: 589-595
6 Francisco Pompeo, Delia Gazzoli, Nora N. Nichio, Stability improvements of Ni/α-Al2O3 catalysts to obtain hydrogen from methane reforming,International J. Hydrogen Energy, 2009,34( 5): 2260-2268
7 Rezaei M., Alavi S.M., Sahebdelfar S., Peng B., Liu X.M., Yan Z.F.,CO2 reforming of CH4 over nanocrystalline zirconia-supported nickel catalysts, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 2008, 77(3-4): 346-354
8 Ji M., Bi Y.-L.,,Zhen K.J., Wu Y.,Reaction of methane with carbon dioxide over SrNiAl11O19, J.Nat. Gas Chem., 1998, 7(4): 291-296
9姜蓬勃,商永臣,史克英,魏树权,徐国林,甲烷在稀土助剂修饰的Ni/α-Al2O3催化剂上的解离,分子催化, 2002, 16(6): 423-426
10 Iyi N., Takekawa S., Kimura S.,Crystal chemistry of hexaaluminates:β-alumina and magnetoplumbite structures,J. Sol. State Chem., 1989, 83: 8-19
11 Xu Z.L., Zhao L.N., Pang F., Wang L., Niu C.Y. Partial Oxidation of Methane to Synthesis Gas over Hexaaluminates LaMAl11O19-δcatalysts, J. Nat. Gas Chem., 2007, 16: 60-63
12 Maluf S.S., Assaf E.M., Ni catalysts with Mo promoter for methane steam reforming, Fuel, In Press, Uncorrected Proof, Available online 9 April 2009, 1-7
13 Chu Y.L., Li S.B., Lin J.Z., Gu J.F., Yang Y.L., Partial oxidation of methane to carbon monoxide and hydrogen over NiO/La2O3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst,Appl. Catal. 1996,134(1): 67-80
14 Norval S.V., Thomsib S.J., Webb G., Concomitant studies of adsorption and catalysis using radioactive tracers, the occupancy principle and tracer dynamics: Part I—Active sites on iridium on silica in 14C-ethylene hydrogenation,Appl. Surf. Sci. 1980,4(1): 51-81.
15 Xu Z., Li Y.M., Zhang J.Y., Chang L., Zhou R.Q., Duan Z.T., Ultrafine NiO– La2O3–Al2O3 aerogel: a promising catalyst for CH4/CO2 reforming,Appl.Catal. A: Gen. 2001,213 (1): 65-71
16 Luo J. Z., Yu Z. L., Ng C. F., and C. T. Au , CO2/CH4 Reforming over Ni–La2O3 /5 A: An Investigation on Carbon Deposition and Reaction Steps, J.Catal., 2000, 194 (2): 198–210
17 Zhang J.G., Wang H., Dalai A. K., Effects of metal content on activity and stability of Ni-Co bimetallic catalysts for CO2 reforming of CH4, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2008, 339(2) : 121–129
1 Iyi N., Takekawa S., Kimura S.,Crystal chemistry of hexaaluminates:β-alumina and magnetoplumbite structures, J. Sol. State Chem, 1989, 83: 8-19
2 Bi Y.L., Zhen K.J., Wu Y., Reaction of methane with carbon dioxide over SrNiAl11O19, J. Nat. Gas Chem., 1998, 7(4): 291-296
3 Yan L.C. and Thompson L.T., Synthesis and characterization of aerogel-derived cation- substituted barium hexaaluminates, Appl.Catal. A:Gen., 1998, 171: 219-228
4史克英,徐恒泳,张桂玲,王玉忠,徐国林,韦永德,天然气-二氧化碳-水蒸气-氧转化制合成气的研究——稀土助剂的作用,催化学报,2002, 23(1): 15-18
5姜蓬勃,商永臣,史克英,魏树权,徐国林,甲烷在稀土助剂修饰的Ni/α-Al2O3催化剂上的解离,分子催化, 2002, 16(6): 423-426
6 Xu Z.L., Zhao L.N., Pang F., Wang L., Niu C.Y., Partial Oxidation of Methane to Synthesis Gas over Hexaaluminates LaMAl11O19-δcatalysts, J. Nat. Gas Chem., 2007, 16: 60-63
7 Ye X. N., Hua W. M., Yue Y. H., Dai W. L., Miao C. X., Xie Z. K., Gao Zi, Ethylbenzene dehydrogenation to styrene in the presence of carbon dioxide over chromia-based catalysts, New. J. Chem., 2004, 28: 373–378
8 Ge X., Zou H., Wang J., Shen J. Y., Modification of Cr/SiO2 for the dehydrogenation of propane to propylene in carbon dioxide, React. Kinet. Catal. Lett., 2005, 85(2): 253–260
9 Wang S. B., Murata K., Hayakawa T., Hamakawa S., Suzuki K., Dehydrogenation of ethane into ethylene by carbon dioxide over chromium supported on sulfated silica, Chem. Lett., 1996: 569–570
10 Bradford M.C.J. and Vannice M.A.,Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng., 1999, 41: 1
11 Xu Z., Li Y.M., Zhang J.Y., Chang L., Zhou R.Q., Duan Z.T., Ultrafine NiO–La2O3–Al2O3 aerogel: a promising catalyst for CH4/CO2 reforming,Appl.Catal. A:Gen., 2001, 213 (1): 65-71
12 Wang R., Xu H.Y. , Liu X.B., Ge Q.J., Li W.Z., Role of redox couples of Rh0/Rhδ+ and Ce4+ /Ce3+ in CH4/CO2 reforming over Rh–CeO2/Al2O3 catalyst,Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2006, 305(2): 204–210
1 Stubl D.R.,Prophet H., JANAF Thermachemical Tables, NSRDS-NBS 37, Washing ton D.C.,1971
2许峥,张继炎,张鎏,CH4—CO2转化的研究进展,石油化工,1997,26(6): 402-407.
3郭建军,复合氧化物负载的镍基催化剂上甲烷二氧化碳重整反应及其机理研究,博士学位论文,浙江大学
4 V. C. H. Kroll, H. M. Swaan, and C. Mirodatos, Methane Reforming Reaction with Carbon Dioxide Over Ni/SiO2 Catalyst I. Deactivation Studies, J. Catal., 1996, 161: 409-422
5继敏,博士学位论文,吉林大学,1996
6 Toshihiko O., Hiroyuki M., Tatsuro H. and Toshiaki M., Highly hydrogen-deficient hydrocarbon species for the CO2-reforming of CH4 on Co/Al2O3 catalyst, Catal. Lett., 1995, 34(1-2): 59-63
7 Beguin F., Raskov I., Manolova N., Benoit R. Erre R., Delpeux S., Fullerene core star-like polymers-1. Preparation from fullerenes and monoazidopolyehers, Eur. Polym. J., 1998, 34(7): 905-915,
8 Rats D., Sevely J. ,Vandenbulcke L., Benoit R., Erre R., Herbin R., Serin V., Characterization of diamond films deposited on titanium and its alloys, Thin Solid Films, 1995, 270: 177-183,.
9 Zdansky E. O.F., Nilsson A., M?rtensson N., CO-induced reversible surface to bulk transformation of carbidic carbon on Ni(100), Surf. Sci., 1994,310(1-3): L583-L588
10 Lu Y., Yu C..C., Xue J.Z., Liu Y. and Shen S.K., Studies on the Reaction Mechanism of CH4/CO2 Reforming over Co/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst, Chem. Lett., 1997, 26 (6): 15-516
11 Casagrande A., Glisenti A., Lanzoni A., Tondello E., Mirenghi L., Casarin M., Bertoncello R., TiN, TiC and Ti(C,N) film characterization and its relationship to tribologi cal behaviour Surface and interface analysis, 1992, 18: 525-531
12 Cook M.G. , Mcintyre N.S., X-Ray photoelectron studies on some oxides and hydroxides of cobalt, nickel, and copper., Analatical Chemistry, 1975, 47(13): 2208- 2213
13杨维慎,吴荣安,林励吾,丙烷在负载型催化剂上脱氢反应的研究:V.丙烷在Pt-Sn/Al2O3催化剂上的脱氢反应模型, 1992, 13(3): 161-166
14杨维慎林励吾,负载型铂锡催化剂的研究进展, 1993,22(5): 347-352
15 Erdohelyi A., Cserenyi J., Solymosi F., Activation of CH4 and Its Reaction with CO2 over Supported Rh Catalysts, J. Catal., 1993, 141: 287-299
16 Erd?helyi A., Cserényi J., Papp E., Solymosi F., Catalytic reaction of methane with carbon dioxide over supported palladium, Appl. Catal.A: Gen. , 1994,108: 205-219
17 Rostrupnielsen J. R., Hansen J. H. B., CO2-Reforming of Methane over Transition Metals, J. Catal., 1993, 144: 38-49
18 Erdohelyi A., Fodor K., Solymosi F., Reaction of CH4 with CO2 and H2O over supported Ir catalyst, Stu.Surf.Sci.Catal., 1997, 107: 525-530
19 Solymosi F. , Kutsán Gy. and Erd?helyi A. , Catalytic reaction of CH4 with CO2 over alumina-supported Pt metals, Catal. Lett., 1991, 11: 149-156
20 Walter K., Buyevskaya O. V., Wolf D. and Baerns M., Rhodium-catalyzed partial oxidation of methane to CO and H2. In situ DRIFTS studies on surface intermediates, Catal. Lett., 1994, 29(1-2): 261-270
2蔡启瑞,彭少逸等编著,碳一化学中的催化作用,化学工业出版社,北京,1995,4
3 Rorsch A., Courtney R.S. and Thoenes D., Global Warming and the Accumula tion of Carbon Dioxide in the Atmosphere: a Critical Considera tion of the Evidence, Energy&Environment, 2005, 16(1): 101-125
4徐康,低碳烷烃的催化转化I.甲烷的催化转化,化学进展,1991, 3(1): 28-45
5 W.凯姆(Wilhelm Keim)主编,黄仲涛等译,C1化学中的催化(Catalysis in C1 Chemistry),化学工业出版社,1989, 237
6 Hall T J, Hargreaves J S J, Hutchings G J, Joyner R W, Taylor S H, Catalytic synthesis of methanol and formaldehyde by partial oxidation of methane,Fuel Proc. Technol., 1995, 42: 151-178
7 Foulds G A, Gray B F, Homogeneous gas-phase partial oxidation of methane to methanol and formaldehyde,Fuel Proc. Technol., 1995, 42: 129-150
8 Daniel A. Hickman, Marylin Huff, Lanny D. Schmidt, Alternative catalyst supports for hydrogen cyanide synthesis and ammonia oxidation Ind. Eng. Chem. Res., 1993, 32: 809-817
9徐继红,甲烷氯化物生产技术进展,氯碱工业,2001,4
10 Duncan D A,
11邱发礼,品绍洁等,甲烷氧化偶联剂乙烯放大实验中催化剂稳定性的研究,天然气化工,1997,22(2): 33
12 Keller G E, Bhasin M M, Synthesis of ethylene via oxidative coupling of methane : I. Determination of active catalysts , J Catal., 1982, 73: 9-19
13 Otsuka K, Jenno K, Morikawa A, The catalysts active and selective in oxidative coupling of methane, Chem. Lett., 1985: 499-500
14 Stefan B., Manfre R., Oxidative coupling of methane over La2O3---CaO catalysts Effect of bulk and surface properties on catalytic performance ,J. Catal., 1991, 128: 512-519
15化工部天然气化工信息站,国内碳一化学进展──甲烷化学及合成气化学,天然气化工,1995, 20(3): 44-49
16化工部天然气化工信息站,国外碳-化学技术进展,天然气化工,1995, 20(4): 39-44
17李锦春,甲烷化学最新技术进展,天然气化工,1999,5: 49-55
18 Ashcroft A. T., Cheetham A. K., Foord J. S., Green M. L. H., Grey C. P. , Murrell A. J.,Vernon P. D. F.,Selective oxidation of methane to synthesis gas using transition metal catalysts,Nature, 1990, 344: 319 - 321
19严前古,于作龙,远松月,载体对甲烷催化部分氧化剂合成气的影响,石油与天然气化工,1997,26(3): 145
20 Dissanayake D, Rosynek M P, et al, Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Methane over Ba-Pb, Ba-Bi, and Ba-Sn Perovskites , J. Catal., 1993, 139: 652-663
21 Hickman D A, Schmidt L D, Production of Syngas by Direct Catalytic Oxidation of Methane Science, 1993, 259: 343-346
22 Bharadwas S S, Schmidt L D, Synthesis gas formation by catalytic oxidation of methane in fluidized bed reactors, J Catal., 1994, 146: 11-21
23 Wang L.S., Tao L.X., Xie M.S., Xu G.F., Huang J.S.and Xu Y.D., Dehydrogenation and aromatization of methane under non-oxidizing conditions, Catal. Lett., 1993, 21: 35-41
24谭平连,徐竹生,甲烷氧化及非氧芳构化研究新进展,石油与天然气化工,1998,27(1): 15-18
25曾金龙,熊智涛等,强酸促进的W/HSM—5基催化剂上甲烷非氧化脱氢芳构化,高等学校化学学报,1998,19(1): 123
26唐松柏,邱发礼,品绍洁等,CH4—CO2转化反应载体对负载型Ni催化剂抗积炭性能的影响,天然气化工, 1994, 6: 60
27 Gillies M T, C1-Based Chemicals from Hydrogen and Carbon Monoxide, Noyes Dala Corporation, Park Rark Ridge, New Jersey, U.S.A., 1982
28 Royer a Schedon, Chemicals for Synthesis gas, D Reidel, Publishing Company, Goston, 1983
29 Kung H H, Methanol synthesis Catal. Rev, Sci., 1981, 22(2): 235-259
30李文钊,天然气催化转化新进展,石油与天然气化工,1998,27(1): 1-3
31 Chemical Week, April 2, 1997, 26
32刘一静,刘瑾,天然气制甲醇合成气工艺及进展,化工时刊, 2007, 21(5): 64-67
33新型清洁能源——二甲醚,山东大学科技开发部,技术与市场, 2005, 12: 25
34李晋鲁,张学工,乾智行,双水解法沉淀制备由合成气直接合成二甲醚的催化剂,催化学报, 1996,17(2): 93-94
35郭俊旺,牛玉琴,张碧江,浆态床CO加氢制二甲醚的工艺条件研究,天然气化工,1997, 22(6): 34-39
36薛冠申,从天然气制取乙醇,化工新型材料, 1985, 8:23
37沈师孔,天然气和油田气化的化工利用,石油与天然气化工,1996, 25(4): 179-187
38 Chang C. D., MTG Revisited, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1991, 61: 393-404
39谭平连,徐竹生,张涛, Mo-Pt(V等)/HZSM-5上甲烷非氧芳构化,石油与天然气与化工,1997, 26(3): 131
40林荆,刘殿华等,CM—3—1催化剂上甲醇脱水生成二甲醚的动力学研究,天然气化工,1996, 21(5): 26-30
41 Rouhi A M, C&E N, May, 1993, 10: 22
42化工部天然气化工信息站,国内碳一化学进展──甲醇化学和CO2化学,天然气化工,1995, 20(5): 35-39
43谢光全,碳一化学技术进展,石油与天然气化工,1998, 27(4): 217-221
44黄涛,姚洁,王公应,碳酸二甲酯合成及应用,天然气化工,1998, 27(3): 152-156.
45 Aschcroft A T, Cheetham A K, Green M L H, Vernon PD F, Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas using carbon dioxide, Nature, 1991, 352: 225-226
46 Armor J N.The multiple roles for catalysis in the production of H2.Appl. Catal. A:Gen., 1999, 176(2): 159-176
47 Lidia P., Vincenzo R., Sabina B., Ashok K. S., Manjanath S. H., Parthasarathi B., Catalytic partial-oxidation of methane on a ceria-supported platinum catalyst for application in fuel cell electric vehicles, Appl. Catal. A :Gen., 2002, 225(2): 63-75
48 Rostrup-Nielsen J R, Catalytic Stream Reforming Catalysis, Science and Technology (Edited by Anderson J R and Boudart M), Springer, Berlin, 1984, 5, 1
49 Aguiar, Lapenia—Rey N, Chadwick D.et a1.Improving catatyst structures and reactor configurations for autothernmt reaction systems:application to solid oxide fuel cells, Chem. Eng. Sci.,2001,56: 651-658
50 Ma L,Trimm D. L., Ahernative catalyst bed configurations for the autothermic conversion of methane to hydrogen, Appl. Catal. A:Gen.,1996,138: 265-273
51 Rostrup-Nielsen J R, Dybkjer I. and Christiansen L.J., NATO ASI ChemicalReactors Technology for Environmentally Safe Reactors and Products (Edited by Lasa H D) Kluwer, Dordrecht, 1992, 249
52 Ridler D. E., Twigg M. W., Catalysts Handbook 2nd edn. (Edited by Twigg M V)Wolfe, Publ., London, 1989, 1
53 Udengaard N. R., Bak Hamsen J. H., Hanson D. C., Stal J A, Sulfur passivated reforming process lowers syngas H2/CO ratio,Oil Gas J, 1992, 90(10): 62-67
54 Froment G F, Bischoff K B, Chemical Reactor Analysis and Design, John Wuketm New York, 1979
55 Satterfield C N, Heterogeneous Catalysis in Industrial Practice, Mc Graw-Hill, New York,1991
56 Gadalla A M., Barbara B.,Carbon dioxide reforming of methane on nickel catalysts,Chem. Eng. Sci.,1989,44:2825-2829
57 Gavalas G R, Rhichitkul C, Voecks GE, Structure and activity of NiO/α-Al2O3 and NiO/ZrO2 calcined at high temperatures : I. Structure,J. Catal., 1984, 88: 54-64
58沈师孔,天然气和油田气化的化工利用,石油与天然气化工,1996, 25(4): 179-187
59 Lu Y.,Liu Y.,Shen S.K. Design of stable Ni catalysts for partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas ,J Catal., 1998, 177: 386-388
60 Torniainen P M,Chu X,Schmidt L D,Comparison of monolith-supported metals for the direct oxidation of methane to syngas,J. Catal., 1994, 146: 1-10
61 Li C.Y., Yu C.C., Shen S.K.,Role of the surface state of Ni/Al2O3 in partial oxidation of CH4, Catalysis Lett. 2000, 67: 139-145
62 Choudhary V. R., Rajput A.M., Mamman A.S., NiO-Alkaline Earth Oxide Catalysts for Oxidative Methane-to-Syngas Conversion: Influence of Alkaline Earth Oxide on the Surface Properties and Temperature-Programmed Reduction/Reaction by H2 and Methane, J. Catal., 1998, 178: 576-585
63 Dissanayake D., Lunsford J. H., Rosynek M. P.,Oxidative Coupling of Methane over Oxide-Supported Barium Catalysts, J. Catal., 1993, 143: 286-298
64 Choudhary V. R., Rane V. H., Rajput A.M., Selective oxidation of methane to CO and H2 over unreduced NiO-rare earth oxide catalysts, Catal. Lett. 1993, 22: 289-297
65 Torniainen P. M., Chu X., Schmidt L. D., Comparison of monolith-supported metals for the direct oxidation of methane to syngas J. Catal. 1994, 146: 1-10
66 Vernon P D F, Green M L H, Cheetham A K, Aschcroft A T, Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas, Catal. Lett., 1990, 6: 181-186
67 Ruckenstein E., Wang H. Y., Effect of Support on Partial Oxidation of Methane to Synthesis Gas over Supported Rhodium Catalysts, J. Catal., 1999, 187: 151-159
68 Majocchi L. , Groppi G., Cristiani C., Forzatti P., Basini L. and Guarinoni A., Partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas over Rh-hexaaluminate-based catalysts, Catal. Lett., 2000, 65: 49-56
69 Pefla M.A., Gomez J.P., Fierro J.L.G., New catalytic routes, for syngas and hydrogen production, Appl.Catal. A: Gen., 1996, 144: 7-57
70 Rostrup-Nielsen J.R., Production of Synthesis Gas, Catal. Today, 1993, 18: 305-324
71 Aguiar P., Lapenia—Rey N., Chadwick D., Kershenbaum L., Inproving Catatyst structures and reactor configurations for autothernmt reaction systems: application to solid oxide fuel cells, Chem. Eng. Sci., 2001, 56(2): 651-658
72 Ma L., Trimm D. L., Alternative catalyst bed configurations for the autothermic conversion of methane to hydrogen, Appl. Catal. A:Gen.1996, 138: 265-273
73 Tatsuya T., Shin—Nosuke F., Masashi I., Koichi E., Autothermal reforming of methane over Ni catalysts supported over CaO-CeO2-ZrO2 solid solution, Appl. Catal.: Gen., 2003, 240: 223-233
74 Guo J.J.,Lou H.,et al. Drying reforming of methane over nickel catalysts supported on magnesium aluminate spinels, Appl. Catal. A:Gen.,2004.273:75-78
75季亚英,陈燕馨等, Mg调变Ni基催化剂上甲烷部分氧化制合成气[J].天然气化工, 1999, 24(2):12-16
76 Waener E.S., Froment G.F., Steam reformine analysis. Hvdroc. Proc.. 1992. 9: 69.
77 J.T. Richardson, M.B. Cullinane, A.S. Frank,Characterization and deactivation of NiO/ThO2 catalysts, Appl. Catal., 1989, 48: 159-176
78 Dostrovsty I., Energy and the Missing Resource, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1998.
79 Chubb TA, Characteristics of CO2CH4 reforming-methanation cycle relevant to the solchem thermochemical power system Sol. Energy, 1980, 24(4): 341-345.
80 McCrary J H, McCrary G E, Chubb T A, Nenecek J J and Simmons, Sol.Energy, 1982, 29: 141
81 Andujar P J M, Proc. Int Energy Convers. Enging. Conf., 1986, 21: 695
82 T.ichardson RJ.,Papipatyadar S.A., Carbon dioxide reforming of methane with supported Rhodium, Appl. Catal., 1990, 61: 293-309
83 Chubb T.A., Characteristics of CO2-CH4 reforming-methanation cycle relevant to the solchem thermochemical power system, Sol. Energy 1980, 24: 341
84 Levy M., Levitan R., Rosin H., Rubin R., Solar energy storage via a closed loop chemical heat pipe, Sol. Energy 1993, 50:,179
85 Trevor D. J., Cox D. M., Kaldor A., Methane activation on unsupported platinum clusters, J.Am. Chem. Soc., 1990, 112: 3742
86 Kuijpers E. G. M., Breedijk A. K., Vander Wal W. J. J., and Gues J. W., Chemisorption of methane on Ni/SiOz catalysts and reactivity of the chemisorption products toward hydrogen, J. Catal., 1983, 81: 429
87 Beebe T. P., , Goodman D. W., Kay B. D., Yates J. T., The Kinetics of the Activated Dissociative Adsorption of Methane on the Low Index Planes of Nickel Single Crystal Surfaces, J. Chem. Phys., 1987, 87: 2305
88 Aparicio L.M., Transient Isotopic Studies and Microkinetic Modeling of Methane Reforming over Nickel Catalysts, J. Catal., 1997, 165, 262-274
89 Matsumoto H., Shokubai, 1974, 16, 122
90 Takayasu O., Hongo N., Matsuura I., Partial Oxidation Reaction of Methane with Oxygen or Carbon Dioxide by Transition Metal Catalysts Supported on Ultrafine Single-Crystal Magnesium Oxide, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1993, 75, 1951-1954
91 Zhang Z.L., Verylcios X.E., Macdonald S.M., Affrossman S., Comparative Study of Carbon Dioxide of Methane to Gas over and Nickel-Based Catalysts, J. Phy. Chem., 1996, 100: 744-754
92 Nagaoka K., Takanabe K., Aika K., Influence of the phase composition of titanic on catalytic behavior of Co/Ti02 for the reforming of methane, Chem. Commun., 2002, 9: 1006-1007
93 Fischer F., Tropsch H., Conversion of methane into hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Brennst.Chem., 1928, 3: 39
94 Charles O. Hawk, Paul L. Golden, H. H. Storch, A. C. Fieldner, Conversion of Methane to Carbon Monoxide and Hydrogen, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1932, 24(1), 23-27
95 Sodesawa T., Dobashi A. and Nozaki F., Catalytic reaction of methane with carbon dioxide, React. Kinet. Catal. Lett., 1979, 12(1): 107-111
96余长春,丁雪加,沈师孔, CO2与CH4催化反应合成气研究,分子催化, 1993, 7(2): 151-155
97徐恒泳,范夜梅,商永臣,史克英,徐国林等,天然气和二氧化碳转化制合成气的研究Ⅵ:Ni/Al2O3催化剂再生的疏活机理分子催化, 1995, 9(6): 445-450
98路勇等,负载型镍金属催化剂上甲烷与二氧化碳重整制合成气,催化学报, 1996,17(3): 212-216
99纪敏,博士学位论文(Doctoral Dissertation),吉林大学, 1996
100徐占林,博士学位论文(Doctoral Dissertation),吉林大学, 2000
101刘延,博士学位论文(Doctoral Dissertation),吉林大学, 2003
102 Mahesh V. I., Lawrence P. N., Punnoose A., Edwin L. K., Mohindar S. S. and Dadyburjor D. B., Catalysis for Synthesis Gas Formation from Reforming of Methane, Top. Catal., 2004, 29( 3–4) : 197-200
103 Sania Maria de Lim and Jose′Mansur Assaf Ni–Fe catalysts based on perovskite-type oxides for dry reforming of methane to syngas, Catal. Lett. 2006, 108, (1–2): 63
104 Sánchez M.D., Moreno M.S., Costilla I., Gigola C.E.,Characterization of carbon nanofibers produced in the reforming of CH4 with CO2 over supported Pd,Catal. Today, 2008, 133-135: 842-845
105 Ashcroft A.T., Cheetham A.K., Green M.L.H., Vernon P.D.F., Partialsynthesis gas using carbon dioxide, Nature, 1991, 352: 225-226
107徐恒泳,孙希贤,范业梅等,甲烷,二氧化碳转化制合成气的研究:1.催化剂及其催化性能,石油化工,1992, 21(3): 147-153.
108 Rostrap-Nielsen J.R., in J.R. Anderson, M. Boudart, Catalysis, Science and Technology, Vol. 5,p. 1, Springer, 1982.
109 Lu G.Q.M., Wang S., Ni-based catalysts for carbon dioxide reforming of methane, J. ChemTech 1999, 29(1): 37
110 Zhang Z.L., Verykios X.E., Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas oversupported Ni catalysts, Catal. Today, 1994, 21(2-3): 589-595
111 Chen Y.G., Tomishige K., Yokoyama K., Fujimoto K., Promoting effect of Pt, Pd and Rhnoble metals to the Ni0.03Mg0.97O solid solution catalysts for the reforming of CH4 with CO2,Appl. Catal. A:Gen., 1997, 165(1-2): 335-347
112 Chen P. Zhang H.B., Line G.D. ,Promoting effect of Pt, Pd and Rh noble metals to the Ni0.03Mg0.97O solid solution catalysts for the reforming of CH4 with CO2 Appl. Catal. A:Gen.1998, 166(2): 343-350
113 Masai M., Kado H., Miyake A., Nishiyama S., and Tauruya S., Methane Reforming by Carbon Dioxide and Steam Over Supported Pd, Pt, and Rh Catalysts, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal.,1988,36: 67-71
114 Wang S., Lu G.Q., Recent Advances in Carbon Dioxide Reforming of Methane over Ni-based Catalysts, J. ChemTech, 1999, 29: 37-45
115路勇,邓存,丁雪加,担载型钴金属催化剂上甲烷与二氧化碳转化制合成气,催化学报, 1995,16(6): 447-452
116 Ruckenstein E., Hu Y. H. , Carbon dioxide reforming of methane over nickel/alkaline earth metal oxide catalysts Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 1995,133(1): 149-161
117 Michael C. J. Bradford, M. Albert Vannice,CO2 Reforming of CH4over Supported Pt Catalysts, J. Catal., 1998,173(1): 157-171
118任杰,陈仰光,吴东等,甲烷,二氧化碳重整制合成气催化剂的研究,分子催化, 1994,8(3), 181-190
119 Wang H.Y., Ruckenstein E., Carbon dioxideof methane to synthesis gas over supported rhodium catalysts:the effect of support, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2000, 204(1): 143-152
120 Tsipouriari V. A., Efstathiou A. M., Zhang Z. L., Verykios X. E., Reforming of methane with carbon dioxide to synthesis gas over supported Rh catalysts,Catal. Today, 1994,21: 579-587
121 Erdohelyi A., Cserenyi J. and Solymosi F., Catalytic reaction of methane with carbon dioxide over supported palladium ,Appl. Catal. A:1994, 108, 205-219
122 Guerrero-Ruiz A.,Sepulveda., Cooperative action of cobalt and MgO for the catalysed reforming of CH4 with CO2 ,Catal.Today,1994,21:545-550
123谬清等,催化剂新反应与新材料,1996,130
124 Park S.E., Shim E.K., Lee K.W. and Kim P.S., Formation of methylformate during hydrogenation of CO2 over Cu/ZnO/Al2O3 and K-Fe/L zeolite catalysts, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1994, 84: 1595-1602
125史克英,徐恒泳,商永臣等,天然气和二氧化碳转化制合成气的研究:Ⅲ.催化剂抗积炭性能,分子催化, 1995, 9(3): 161-164
126徐龙伢,王清遐等K-Ni-La/Si-2催化剂用于天然气与二氧化碳重整制合成气的研究,石油与天然气化工, 1998, 27(1): 7-9
127陈仰光任杰吴东等,甲烷,二氧化碳重整催化剂的研究:Ⅱ.MgO—CeO2双金属氧化物对Ni/γ-Al2O3催化剂抗积炭性能的影响,石油化工, 1994, 23(12):771-775
128 Reitmeier R. E., Atwood K., Bennett H., Baugh H., Production of Synthetic Gas - Reaction of Light Hydrocarbons with Steam and Carbon Dioxide, Ind. Eng. Chem., 1948,40(4): 620-626
129 White G.A., Roszkowski T.R. and Stanbrige D.W., Predict Carbon Formation,Hydrocarbon Process, 1975, 54(7): 130-136
130 Sacco A., Geurts F.W.A.H., Jablonski G.A., Lee S. and Gatell R.A., Carbon deposition and filament growth on Fe, Co, and Ni foils using CH4---H2-- -H2O---CO---CO2 gas mixtures, J. Catal., 1989, 119: 322-341
131 Richardson J.T., Cullinane M.B., Frank A.S., Characterization and deactivation of NiO-ThO2 catalysts, Appl. Catal., 1989,48: 159-176
132 Rostrup-Nielsen J. R., Sulfur-passivated nickel catalysts for carbon-free steam reforming of methane , J. Catal., 1984, 85, 31-43
133 Blyholder G., Lawless M., A theoretical study of the site of CO dissociation on Fe(100), Surf. Sci., 1993,290: 155-162
134 Johnson S. and Madix R.J.,Desorption of hydrogen and carbon monoxide from Ni(100), Ni(100)p(2×2)S, and Ni(100)c(2×2)S surfaces, Surf. Sci., 1981, 108(1), 77-98
135 Xu Y.S., Hong X. L. ,EHMO calculations for CO dissociation on supported metal catalysts, J. Mol. Catal., 1985, 33: 179-188
136 Sandell A., Bennich P., Nilsson A., Hernn?s B., Bj?rneholm O., M?rtensson N. Chemisorption of CO on Cu(100), Ag(110) and Au(110) , Surf. Sci., 1994,130: 16-26
137 Somorjai G. A., in Bonding Energetics in Organometallic Compounds (T. J. Marks, ed.), ACS Symposium Series 428, American Chemical Society, Washington, DC. 1990, p.218
138 Tavares M., Alstrup T., I., Berriardo C. A. and Rostrup-Nielsen J. R., CO Disproportionation on Silica-Supported Nickel and Nickel-Copper Catalysts, J. Catal., 1994, 147: 525-534
139. Chesnokov V. V., Zaikovskii V. I., Buyanov R. A., Molchanov V. V. and Plyasova L. M., Morphology of carbon from methane on nickel-containing catalysts, Catal. Today 1995, 24: 265-267
140 Swaan H. M., Kroll V. C. H., Martin G. A. and Mirodatos C., Deactivation ofsupported nickel catalysts during the reforming of methane by carbon dioxide, Catal. Today, 1994, 21, 571-578
141 Tsipopuriari V. A., Efstathiou A. M., Zhang Z. L. and Verykios X. E., Reforming of methane with carbon dioxide to synthesis gas over supported Rh catalysts,Catal. Today 1994, 21: 579-587.
142 Michael C. J. Bradford, and M. Albert Vannice, CO2 Reforming of CH4over Supported Pt Catalysts,J. Catal., 1998, 173: 157-171
143 Bradford M. C. J. and Vannice M. A.,Catalytic reforming of methane with carbon dioxide over nickel catalysts I. Catalyst characterization and activity Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 1996(142): 73-96
144 Zhang Z.L., Verykios X.E., Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas oversupported Ni catalysts, Catal. Today 1994, 21(2-3): 589-595
145 Bradford M. C. J. and Vannice M. A., Metal-support interactions during the CO2 reforming of CH4 over model TiOx/Pt catalysts, Catal. Lett., 1997, 48: 31-38
146 Tang S.B., Qiu F.L. and Lu S.J., Effect of supports on the carbon deposition of nickel catalysts for methane reforming with CO2 , Catal. Today, 1995, 24: 253-255
147 Masai M., Kado H., Miyake A., Nishiyama S. and Tsuruya S., In Methane Conversion(B. M. Biddy, C. D. Chang, R. F. Howe and S. Yurchak, eds.), Elsevier, Amsterdam, 1998, p.67
148 Roberts S., Gorte R. J., A study of platinum films on zirconia(100), J. Phys. Chem., 1991, 95 (14): 5600–5604
149 Baker R. T. K., Prestridge E. B., McVicker G. B. ,The Interaction of palladium with alumina and titanium oxide supports, J. Catal., 1984(89): 422-432
150 Kroll V. C. H., Swaan H. M. and Mirodatos C., Methane Reforming Reaction with Carbon Dioxide Over Ni/SiO2Catalyst: I. Deactivation Studies ,J. Catal., 1996, 161: 409-422
151 Chen Y.G and Ren J., Conversion of methane and carbon dioxide into synthesis gas over alumina-supported nickel catalysts: Effect of Ni-Al2O3 interactions, Catal. Lett., 1994, 29: 39
152 Bhattacharyya A. and Chang V. W., CO2 Reforming of Methane to Syngas: Deactivation Behavior of Nickel Aluminate Spinel Catalysts, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1994, 88: 207-213
153 Chen Y.G., Yamazaki O., Tomishige K. and Fujimoto K., Noble metal promoted Ni0.03Mg0.97O solid solution catalysts for the reforming of CH4 with CO2,Catal. Lett., 1996, 39: 91-95
154 Hu Y. H. and Ruckenstein E., An optimum NiO content in the CO2 reforming of CH4 with NiO/MgO solid solution catalysts, Catal. Lett., 1996, 36, 145
155 Erdohelyi A., Fodor K. and Solymosi F., Reaction of CH4 with CO2 and H2O over supported Ir catalyst , Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1997, 107: 525-530
156 Bradford M. C. J., Thesis Ph. D., The Pennsylvania State University 1997
157 Stagg S. M. and Resasco D. E., Effect of promoters on supported Pt catalysts for CO2 reforming of CH4, Stud. Surf. Sci. Catal., 1998, 119: 813-818
158 Bodrov I M,Apeibaum L O, LM. Bodov, L.O. Apel'baum, Kinetics of the reaction of methane with steam on the surface of nickel, Kinet. Catal., 1964, 5: 696
159 Erdohelyi A,Cserenyi,Solymosi F.,Activation of CH4 and Its Reaction with CO2 over Supported Rh Catalysts, J.Catal., 1993, 141: 287-299
160 Erdohelyi A, J Cserenyi, E. Papp, F. Solymosi, Catalytic reaction of methane with carbon dioxide over supported palladium, Appl. Catal. A:Gen.,1994,108: 205-219
161 Solymosi F, Kistan Gy, Erdohelyi A., Catalytic reaction of CH4 with CO2 over alumina-supported Pt metals, Catal.Lett., 1991, 11: 149-156
162 Erdohelyi A,Fodor K,Solymosi F., Reaction of CH4 with CO2 and H2O over supported Ir catalyst, Stud Surf Sci Catal, 1997, 107: 525-530
163 Qin D.Y., Lapszewicz J., Jiang X.Z., Comparison of Partial Oxidation and Steam-CO2Mixed Reformingof CH4to Syngas on MgO-Supported Metals, J.Catal. 1996,159(1): 140-149
164 Walter K., Buyevskaya O. V., Wolf D. Baerns M., Rhodium-catalyzed partial oxidation of methane to CO and H2: In situ DRIFTS studies on surface intermediates, Catal. Lett., 1994, 29: 261-270
165 Shustorovich E., Bell A. T., An analysis of Fischer-Tropsch synthesis by the bond-order-conservation-Morse-potential approach, Surf. Sci., 1991, 248: 359-368
1 Stubl D.R., Prophet H, JANAF Thermachemical Tables, NSRDS-NBS 37, Washing- ton D.C.,1971
2许峥,张继炎,张鎏,CH4—CO2转化的研究进展,石油化工,1997,26(6): 402-407
3邓景发,范康年,物理化学,高等教育出版社(1997.7): 151–152
4邓景发,范康年,物理化学,高等教育出版社(1997.7): 795–803
5 Gadalla A M., Barbara B.,Carbon dioxide reforming of methane on nickel catalysts,Chem. Eng. Sci.,1989,44: 2825-2829
6 Batiot-Dupeyrat C., Valderrama G., Meneses A., Martinez F., Barrault J., Tatibou?t J. M., Pulse study of CO2 reforming of methane over LaNiO3, Appl. Catal.A 2003,248(1-2): 143-151
7 Sen B., Falconer J. L., Mao T. F., Yu M., Flesner R. L., Spillover of CO and H2 ontoAl2O3 surfaces, J.Catal., 1990, 126: 465-476
8 Cheng Z. X., Zhao X. G., Li J. L., Zhu Q. M., Role of support in CO2 reforming of CH4 over a Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, Appl. Catal.A , 2001, 205: 31-36
1 Liu D.P., Lau R., Borgna A., Yang Y.,Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas over Ni-MCM-41 catalysts,Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2009,358(2): 110-118
2 Sánchez M.D., Moreno M.S., Costilla I., Gigola C.E.,Characterization of carbon nanofibers produced in the reforming of CH4 with CO2 over supported Pd,Catal.Today, 2008, 133-135: 842-845
3 Robert M. Rioux, Anderson L. Marsh, J.S. Gaughan, G.A. Somorjai,Oxidation and reforming reactions of CH4 on a stepped Pt(5 5 7) single crystal,Catal. Today, 2007, 123(1-4): 265-275
4 Erdohelyi A., Cserenyi J., Solymosi F.,Activation of CH4 and Its Reaction with CO2 over Supported Rh Catalysts,J. Catal., 1993, 141( 1): 287-299
5 Wu J.C.S., Chou H.C.,Bimetallic Rh–Ni/BN catalyst for methane reforming with CO2,Chem. Eng. J., 2009, 148(2-3): 539-545
6 Qin D., Lapszewicz J.,Study of mixed steam and CO2 reforming of CH4 to syngas on MgO-supported metals,Catal. Today, 1994, 21( 2-3): 551-560
7 Rostrupnielsen J. R., Hansen J. H. B.,CO2-Reforming of Methane over Transition Metals,J.Catal., 1993, 144: 38-49
8许峥,张继炎,张鎏, CH4—CO2转化的研究进展,石油化工,1997,26(6): 402-407.
9 Sahli N., Petit C., Roger A.C., Kiennemann A., Libs S., M.M. Bettahar,Ni catalysts from NiAl2O4 spinel for CO2 reforming of methane,Catal. Today, 2006, 113(3-4): 187-193
10许峥,李玉敏,张继炎,张鎏,何菲,甲烷二氧化碳重整制合成气的镍基催化剂性能Ⅱ.碱性助剂的作用, 1997,18(5): 364-367
11纪敏,周美娟,毕颖丽,甄开吉,Ni/γ-Al2O3, Ni/MgO, Ni/SiO2催化剂上甲烷与二氧化碳重整反应的研究, 1997,11(1): 6-12
12 Araujo J.C.S., Zanchet D., Rinaldi R., Schuchardt U., Hori C.E., Fierro J.L.G., Bueno J.M.C.,The effects of La2O3 on the structural properties of La2O3–Al2O3 prepared by the sol–gel method and on the catalytic performance of Pt/La2O3–Al2O3 towards steam reforming and partial oxidation of methane,Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 2008, 84, ( 3-4): 552-562
13陈仰光,任杰,吴东等,甲烷,二氧化碳重整催化剂的研究:Ⅱ.MgO—CeO2双金属氧化物对Ni/γ—Al2O3催化剂抗积炭性能的影响石油化工,1994.23(12): 771-775
14 Zhang Z L,Verykios X E, Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas over supported Ni catalysts, Catal.Today, 1994,21: 589-595
15 Pompeo F., Gazzoli D., Nichio N. N.,Stability improvements of Ni/α-Al2O3 catalysts to obtain hydrogen from methane reforming,International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2009, 34(5) : 2260-2268
16 Rezaei M., Alavi S.M., Sahebdelfar S., Bai P., Liu X.M., Yan Z.F.,CO2 reforming of CH4 over nanocrystalline zirconia-supported nickel catalysts, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 2008, 77( 3-4): 346-354
17纪敏,周美娟,毕颖丽,甄开吉,吴越, La2O3-Ni/SrAl12O19催化剂上甲烷与二氧化碳重整反应的研究,分子催化, 1997, 11(1): 13-20
18刘延,周广栋,王君霞,庄红,李文兴,毕颖丽,甄开吉, Ni/AAl12O19(A=Ca,Sr, Ba, La)催化CO2重整甲烷制合成气,宁夏大学学报(自然科学版),2001,22(2): 150-151
19 Arail H., Eguchi K., Machida M., Shiomitsu T, Catal. Sci. Tech.,1991,1:195
20 Blom R., Dahl I. M., Slagtem ?., Sortland B., Spjelkavik A., Tangstad E.,Carbon dioxide reforming of methane over lanthanum-modified catalysts in a fluidized-bed reactor, Catal. Taday, 1994, 21(2-3): 535-543
21 Iyi N., Takekawa S., Kimura S., Crystal chemistry of hexaaluminates:β-alumina and magnetoplumbite structures, J. Sol. State Chem., 1989, 83: 8-19
22 Xu Z.L. , Zhen M., Bi Y.L. and Zhen K.J.,Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas over hexaaluminate ANiAl11O19-δ(A = Ca, Sr, Ba and La) catalysts, Catal. Lett., 2000, 64: 157–161
23 Saber D., Lejus A.M.,Elaboration and characterization of lanthanide aluminate single crystals with the formula LnMgAl11O19,Mater. Res. Bull., 1981,16: 1325-1330
24徐占林,崔湘浩,甄明,毕颖丽,甄开吉,六铝酸盐LaMAl11O19-δ催化CO2重整甲烷制合成气,高等学校化学学报, 2000,21(2): 298-300
25 Laville F., Perrin M., Lejus A. M., Gasperin M., Moncorge R., Vivien D., Synthesis, crystal growth, structural determination, and optical absorption spectroscopy of the magnetoplumbite type compound LaNiAl11O19, J. Sol. State Chem., 1986,65(3): 301-308
26 Yan L.C. and Thompson L.T., Synthesis and characterization of aerogel-derived cation- substituted barium hexaaluminates,Appl.Catal. A:Gen. 1998,171:219-228
27史克英,徐恒泳,张桂玲,王玉忠,徐国林,韦永德,天然气-二氧化碳-水蒸气-氧转化制合成气的研究——稀土助剂的作用,催化学报,2002,23(1): 15-18
28姜蓬勃,商永臣,史克英,魏树权,徐国林,甲烷在稀土助剂修饰的Ni/α- Al2O3催化剂上的解离,分子催化,2002,16(6): 423-426
29徐军科,李兆静,汪吉辉,周伟,马建新,甲烷干重整催化剂Ni/Al2O3表面积炭表征与分析,物理化学学报,2009, 25(2): 253-260
30 Xu Z.L., Zhao L.N., Pang F., Wang L., Niu C.Y. Partial Oxidation of Methane to Synthesis Gas over Hexaaluminates LaMAl11O19-δcatalysts, J. Nat. Gas Chem., 2007, 16: 60-63
31 Xu Z., Li Y.M., Zhang J.Y., Chang L., Zhou R.Q., Duan Z.T., Ultrafine NiO–La2O3–Al2O3 aerogel: a promising catalyst for CH4/CO2 reforming, Appl.Catal. A:Gen. 2001, 213 (1): 65-71
32 Chu Y.L., Li S.B., Lin J.Z., Gu J.F., Yang Y.L., Partial oxidation of methane to carbon monoxide and hydrogen over NiO/La2O3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, Appl. Catal., 1996, 134(1): 67-80
33 Batiot-Dupeyrat C., Valderrama G., Meneses A., Martinez F., Barrault J., Tatibou?t J. M., Pulse study of CO2 reforming of methane over LaNiO3, Appl.Catal.A ,2003, 248(1-2): 143-151
34 Sen B., Falconer J. L., Mao T. F., Yu M., Flesner R. L.,Spillover of CO and H2 onto Al2O3 surfaces, J.Catal., 1990, 126: 465-476
35 Cheng Z. X., Zhao X. G., Li J. L., Zhu Q. M. ,Role of support in CO2 reforming of CH4 over a Ni/γ-Al2O3 catalyst, Appl. Catal.A , 2001, 205: 31-36
36崔月华,博士学位论文,中国科学院大连化学物理研究所,2006
1李穗玲,李白滔,甲烷二氧化碳催化重整制合成气的催化剂研究新进展,石油与天然气化工, 2008, 37(4): 285-290
2许峥,李玉敏,张继炎,张鎏,何菲,甲烷二氧化碳重整制合成气的镍基催化剂性能Ⅱ.碱性助剂的作用, 1997, 18(5): 364-367
3 Araujo J.C.S., Zanchet D., Rinaldi R., Schuchardt U., Hori C.E., Fierro J.L.G., Bueno J.M.C.,The effects of La2O3 on the structural properties of La2O3–Al2O3 prepared by the sol–gel method and on the catalytic performance of Pt/La2O3–Al2O3 towards steam reforming and partial oxidation of methane, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 2008, 84( 3-4): 552-562
4陈仰光任杰吴东等,甲烷,二氧化碳重整催化剂的研究:Ⅱ.MgO—CeO2双金属氧化物对Ni/γ—Al2O3催化剂抗积炭性能的影响,石油化工, 1994, 23(12): 771-775
5 Zhang Z L,Verykios X E, Carbon dioxide reforming of methane to synthesis gas over supported Ni catalysts,Catal.Today, 1994, 21: 589-595
6 Francisco Pompeo, Delia Gazzoli, Nora N. Nichio, Stability improvements of Ni/α-Al2O3 catalysts to obtain hydrogen from methane reforming,International J. Hydrogen Energy, 2009,34( 5): 2260-2268
7 Rezaei M., Alavi S.M., Sahebdelfar S., Peng B., Liu X.M., Yan Z.F.,CO2 reforming of CH4 over nanocrystalline zirconia-supported nickel catalysts, Appl. Catal. B: Environ., 2008, 77(3-4): 346-354
8 Ji M., Bi Y.-L.,,Zhen K.J., Wu Y.,Reaction of methane with carbon dioxide over SrNiAl11O19, J.Nat. Gas Chem., 1998, 7(4): 291-296
9姜蓬勃,商永臣,史克英,魏树权,徐国林,甲烷在稀土助剂修饰的Ni/α-Al2O3催化剂上的解离,分子催化, 2002, 16(6): 423-426
10 Iyi N., Takekawa S., Kimura S.,Crystal chemistry of hexaaluminates:β-alumina and magnetoplumbite structures,J. Sol. State Chem., 1989, 83: 8-19
11 Xu Z.L., Zhao L.N., Pang F., Wang L., Niu C.Y. Partial Oxidation of Methane to Synthesis Gas over Hexaaluminates LaMAl11O19-δcatalysts, J. Nat. Gas Chem., 2007, 16: 60-63
12 Maluf S.S., Assaf E.M., Ni catalysts with Mo promoter for methane steam reforming, Fuel, In Press, Uncorrected Proof, Available online 9 April 2009, 1-7
13 Chu Y.L., Li S.B., Lin J.Z., Gu J.F., Yang Y.L., Partial oxidation of methane to carbon monoxide and hydrogen over NiO/La2O3/γ-Al2O3 catalyst,Appl. Catal. 1996,134(1): 67-80
14 Norval S.V., Thomsib S.J., Webb G., Concomitant studies of adsorption and catalysis using radioactive tracers, the occupancy principle and tracer dynamics: Part I—Active sites on iridium on silica in 14C-ethylene hydrogenation,Appl. Surf. Sci. 1980,4(1): 51-81.
15 Xu Z., Li Y.M., Zhang J.Y., Chang L., Zhou R.Q., Duan Z.T., Ultrafine NiO– La2O3–Al2O3 aerogel: a promising catalyst for CH4/CO2 reforming,Appl.Catal. A: Gen. 2001,213 (1): 65-71
16 Luo J. Z., Yu Z. L., Ng C. F., and C. T. Au , CO2/CH4 Reforming over Ni–La2O3 /5 A: An Investigation on Carbon Deposition and Reaction Steps, J.Catal., 2000, 194 (2): 198–210
17 Zhang J.G., Wang H., Dalai A. K., Effects of metal content on activity and stability of Ni-Co bimetallic catalysts for CO2 reforming of CH4, Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2008, 339(2) : 121–129
1 Iyi N., Takekawa S., Kimura S.,Crystal chemistry of hexaaluminates:β-alumina and magnetoplumbite structures, J. Sol. State Chem, 1989, 83: 8-19
2 Bi Y.L., Zhen K.J., Wu Y., Reaction of methane with carbon dioxide over SrNiAl11O19, J. Nat. Gas Chem., 1998, 7(4): 291-296
3 Yan L.C. and Thompson L.T., Synthesis and characterization of aerogel-derived cation- substituted barium hexaaluminates, Appl.Catal. A:Gen., 1998, 171: 219-228
4史克英,徐恒泳,张桂玲,王玉忠,徐国林,韦永德,天然气-二氧化碳-水蒸气-氧转化制合成气的研究——稀土助剂的作用,催化学报,2002, 23(1): 15-18
5姜蓬勃,商永臣,史克英,魏树权,徐国林,甲烷在稀土助剂修饰的Ni/α-Al2O3催化剂上的解离,分子催化, 2002, 16(6): 423-426
6 Xu Z.L., Zhao L.N., Pang F., Wang L., Niu C.Y., Partial Oxidation of Methane to Synthesis Gas over Hexaaluminates LaMAl11O19-δcatalysts, J. Nat. Gas Chem., 2007, 16: 60-63
7 Ye X. N., Hua W. M., Yue Y. H., Dai W. L., Miao C. X., Xie Z. K., Gao Zi, Ethylbenzene dehydrogenation to styrene in the presence of carbon dioxide over chromia-based catalysts, New. J. Chem., 2004, 28: 373–378
8 Ge X., Zou H., Wang J., Shen J. Y., Modification of Cr/SiO2 for the dehydrogenation of propane to propylene in carbon dioxide, React. Kinet. Catal. Lett., 2005, 85(2): 253–260
9 Wang S. B., Murata K., Hayakawa T., Hamakawa S., Suzuki K., Dehydrogenation of ethane into ethylene by carbon dioxide over chromium supported on sulfated silica, Chem. Lett., 1996: 569–570
10 Bradford M.C.J. and Vannice M.A.,Catal. Rev. Sci. Eng., 1999, 41: 1
11 Xu Z., Li Y.M., Zhang J.Y., Chang L., Zhou R.Q., Duan Z.T., Ultrafine NiO–La2O3–Al2O3 aerogel: a promising catalyst for CH4/CO2 reforming,Appl.Catal. A:Gen., 2001, 213 (1): 65-71
12 Wang R., Xu H.Y. , Liu X.B., Ge Q.J., Li W.Z., Role of redox couples of Rh0/Rhδ+ and Ce4+ /Ce3+ in CH4/CO2 reforming over Rh–CeO2/Al2O3 catalyst,Appl. Catal. A: Gen., 2006, 305(2): 204–210
1 Stubl D.R.,Prophet H., JANAF Thermachemical Tables, NSRDS-NBS 37, Washing ton D.C.,1971
2许峥,张继炎,张鎏,CH4—CO2转化的研究进展,石油化工,1997,26(6): 402-407.
3郭建军,复合氧化物负载的镍基催化剂上甲烷二氧化碳重整反应及其机理研究,博士学位论文,浙江大学
4 V. C. H. Kroll, H. M. Swaan, and C. Mirodatos, Methane Reforming Reaction with Carbon Dioxide Over Ni/SiO2 Catalyst I. Deactivation Studies, J. Catal., 1996, 161: 409-422
5继敏,博士学位论文,吉林大学,1996
6 Toshihiko O., Hiroyuki M., Tatsuro H. and Toshiaki M., Highly hydrogen-deficient hydrocarbon species for the CO2-reforming of CH4 on Co/Al2O3 catalyst, Catal. Lett., 1995, 34(1-2): 59-63
7 Beguin F., Raskov I., Manolova N., Benoit R. Erre R., Delpeux S., Fullerene core star-like polymers-1. Preparation from fullerenes and monoazidopolyehers, Eur. Polym. J., 1998, 34(7): 905-915,
8 Rats D., Sevely J. ,Vandenbulcke L., Benoit R., Erre R., Herbin R., Serin V., Characterization of diamond films deposited on titanium and its alloys, Thin Solid Films, 1995, 270: 177-183,.
9 Zdansky E. O.F., Nilsson A., M?rtensson N., CO-induced reversible surface to bulk transformation of carbidic carbon on Ni(100), Surf. Sci., 1994,310(1-3): L583-L588
10 Lu Y., Yu C..C., Xue J.Z., Liu Y. and Shen S.K., Studies on the Reaction Mechanism of CH4/CO2 Reforming over Co/γ-Al2O3 Catalyst, Chem. Lett., 1997, 26 (6): 15-516
11 Casagrande A., Glisenti A., Lanzoni A., Tondello E., Mirenghi L., Casarin M., Bertoncello R., TiN, TiC and Ti(C,N) film characterization and its relationship to tribologi cal behaviour Surface and interface analysis, 1992, 18: 525-531
12 Cook M.G. , Mcintyre N.S., X-Ray photoelectron studies on some oxides and hydroxides of cobalt, nickel, and copper., Analatical Chemistry, 1975, 47(13): 2208- 2213
13杨维慎,吴荣安,林励吾,丙烷在负载型催化剂上脱氢反应的研究:V.丙烷在Pt-Sn/Al2O3催化剂上的脱氢反应模型, 1992, 13(3): 161-166
14杨维慎林励吾,负载型铂锡催化剂的研究进展, 1993,22(5): 347-352
15 Erdohelyi A., Cserenyi J., Solymosi F., Activation of CH4 and Its Reaction with CO2 over Supported Rh Catalysts, J. Catal., 1993, 141: 287-299
16 Erd?helyi A., Cserényi J., Papp E., Solymosi F., Catalytic reaction of methane with carbon dioxide over supported palladium, Appl. Catal.A: Gen. , 1994,108: 205-219
17 Rostrupnielsen J. R., Hansen J. H. B., CO2-Reforming of Methane over Transition Metals, J. Catal., 1993, 144: 38-49
18 Erdohelyi A., Fodor K., Solymosi F., Reaction of CH4 with CO2 and H2O over supported Ir catalyst, Stu.Surf.Sci.Catal., 1997, 107: 525-530
19 Solymosi F. , Kutsán Gy. and Erd?helyi A. , Catalytic reaction of CH4 with CO2 over alumina-supported Pt metals, Catal. Lett., 1991, 11: 149-156
20 Walter K., Buyevskaya O. V., Wolf D. and Baerns M., Rhodium-catalyzed partial oxidation of methane to CO and H2. In situ DRIFTS studies on surface intermediates, Catal. Lett., 1994, 29(1-2): 261-270
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |