稠油油藏注蒸汽储层物性参数变化规律及治理技术研究
|
摘要
本文在分析研究河南稠油油藏地质特征和开发现状的基础上,通过研究稠油油藏注蒸汽开发过程中的高温相渗特征、润湿特性变化、原油物性变化、储层物性变化以及水岩、水液反应,总结分析了稠油油藏注蒸汽开发过程中的储层伤害机理及物性变化规律,在此基础上提出了改善蒸汽驱开发效果的措施。
首先,通过对稠油油藏储层注蒸汽驱替机理进行研究,根据普通稠油、特稠油和超稠油热水驱及蒸汽驱实验结果,研究了稠油油藏注蒸汽后高温相渗变化特征。注蒸汽使得油藏温度升高造成岩心亲水能力增强,束缚水饱和度增加,可流动水减少,原油粘度急剧降低,油膜变薄,可流动油饱和度增加。
其次,利用高温物模实验研究了稠油油藏注蒸汽过程中的水岩反应、水液反应和注蒸汽后沥青沉积引起的储层变化。采用色质和三维荧光分析技术研究了原油性质变化特征,水淹层与未水淹层相比原油组份中轻烃明显减少,重烃类沥青质含量大量增加。
最后,采用压汞、铸体、电镜、粒度分析等方法,全面研究了注蒸汽后储层孔隙结构变化特征和物性参数变化规律。根据储层注蒸汽前后物性变化规律,结合稠油油藏开发后期储层的变化特点,提出了治理储层伤害、提高开发效果的技术对策。
三年来,井楼、古城油田热采区块开发后期应用治理储层伤害技术对策后,累积增油9.4138×10~4t,累积油汽比达到了0.36,增油效果显著。该技术为“十五”期间稠油热采区块开发后期挖潜、进一步提高采收率提供了技术支撑,具有广阔的推广应用前景。
According to geology characteristics and recovery processes of heavy oil reservoirs in Henan oil field, some experiments, such as oil-water and gas-liquid relative permeability behavior, wetting behavior, variations of petroleum components and physical properties, alteration of formation properties, water-rock reactions and water-liquid reactions, are carried out to summarize the mechanisms of formation damages in heavy oil reservoirs during injection steam. At last, the measures of improving recovery efficiency are brought forward aiming at formation damages during injection steam in heavy oil reservoir.
Firstly, recovery mechanisms of steam flooding are researched to analyze high-temperature relative permeability behavior according to the displacement experimental results on conventional heavy oil, extra heavy oil and super heavy oil during injection steam and hot water. Reservoir temperature gradually increases to result in variation of rock surface wettability from oil wetting to water wetting. Therefore, irreducible water saturation increases and residual oil saturation gradually decreases as reservoir temperature increases.
Secondly, physical simulation experiments at high temperature are employed to studied formation damages resulting from water-rock reactions, water-liquid reactions and asphalt deposition during steam injection. The content of light hydrocarbon obviously decreases but the content of heavy hydrocarbon and asphalt largely increases in steam swept formation during steam injection.
Thirdly, the methods such as mercury penetration, casting sample, scanning electron micrographs, grain size analysis and etc are utilized to analyzed variations of pore structure and formation properties during steam injection. Many new effective technologies are promoted to decrease formation damages and to increase recovery efficiency according to the mechanisms of formation damages and variations of reservoir properties during steam injection.
Because new technologies were employed in Jinglou and Gucheng oil field in the lastst three years, accumulative oil production got to 9.4138×10~4t and accumulative oil-steam ratio was to over 0.36. The technologies can be widely applied in enhanced oil recovery during injection steam in heavy oil reservoirs.
首先,通过对稠油油藏储层注蒸汽驱替机理进行研究,根据普通稠油、特稠油和超稠油热水驱及蒸汽驱实验结果,研究了稠油油藏注蒸汽后高温相渗变化特征。注蒸汽使得油藏温度升高造成岩心亲水能力增强,束缚水饱和度增加,可流动水减少,原油粘度急剧降低,油膜变薄,可流动油饱和度增加。
其次,利用高温物模实验研究了稠油油藏注蒸汽过程中的水岩反应、水液反应和注蒸汽后沥青沉积引起的储层变化。采用色质和三维荧光分析技术研究了原油性质变化特征,水淹层与未水淹层相比原油组份中轻烃明显减少,重烃类沥青质含量大量增加。
最后,采用压汞、铸体、电镜、粒度分析等方法,全面研究了注蒸汽后储层孔隙结构变化特征和物性参数变化规律。根据储层注蒸汽前后物性变化规律,结合稠油油藏开发后期储层的变化特点,提出了治理储层伤害、提高开发效果的技术对策。
三年来,井楼、古城油田热采区块开发后期应用治理储层伤害技术对策后,累积增油9.4138×10~4t,累积油汽比达到了0.36,增油效果显著。该技术为“十五”期间稠油热采区块开发后期挖潜、进一步提高采收率提供了技术支撑,具有广阔的推广应用前景。
According to geology characteristics and recovery processes of heavy oil reservoirs in Henan oil field, some experiments, such as oil-water and gas-liquid relative permeability behavior, wetting behavior, variations of petroleum components and physical properties, alteration of formation properties, water-rock reactions and water-liquid reactions, are carried out to summarize the mechanisms of formation damages in heavy oil reservoirs during injection steam. At last, the measures of improving recovery efficiency are brought forward aiming at formation damages during injection steam in heavy oil reservoir.
Firstly, recovery mechanisms of steam flooding are researched to analyze high-temperature relative permeability behavior according to the displacement experimental results on conventional heavy oil, extra heavy oil and super heavy oil during injection steam and hot water. Reservoir temperature gradually increases to result in variation of rock surface wettability from oil wetting to water wetting. Therefore, irreducible water saturation increases and residual oil saturation gradually decreases as reservoir temperature increases.
Secondly, physical simulation experiments at high temperature are employed to studied formation damages resulting from water-rock reactions, water-liquid reactions and asphalt deposition during steam injection. The content of light hydrocarbon obviously decreases but the content of heavy hydrocarbon and asphalt largely increases in steam swept formation during steam injection.
Thirdly, the methods such as mercury penetration, casting sample, scanning electron micrographs, grain size analysis and etc are utilized to analyzed variations of pore structure and formation properties during steam injection. Many new effective technologies are promoted to decrease formation damages and to increase recovery efficiency according to the mechanisms of formation damages and variations of reservoir properties during steam injection.
Because new technologies were employed in Jinglou and Gucheng oil field in the lastst three years, accumulative oil production got to 9.4138×10~4t and accumulative oil-steam ratio was to over 0.36. The technologies can be widely applied in enhanced oil recovery during injection steam in heavy oil reservoirs.
引文
[1]于连东.世界稠油资源的分布及其开采技术的现状与展望.特种油气藏, 2001, 8(2):98~103
[2]阳鑫军.稠油开采技术.海洋石油, 2003,23(2):55~60
[3]崔波,石文平,戴树高,等.高粘度稠油开采方法的现状与研究进展.石油化工技术经济, 2000, 6(2):5~10
[4] C. Jabbour, M. Quintard, H. Bertin, et al. Oil recovery by steam injection: three-phase flow effects. Joumai of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 1996,16(2):109~130
[5] Tayfun Babadagli. Temperature effect on heavy-oil recovery by imbibition in fractured reservoirs. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 1996, 14 (3):197~208
[6] G. Xiao, D. Zhimin, F.Yu, L. Lang. Effect of Formation Damage to Production Performance in Heavy oil Reservoir Steam Injection After Waterflooding,SPE97869
[7] Anuj Gupta. Temperature sensitivity of formation damage in petroleum reservoirs. SPE27368, 1994
[8] Gunter W.D. Modeling formation damage caused by kaolinite from 25 to 350℃in the oil sand reservoirs of Alverta. SPE23786, 1992
[9] Anuj Gupaetal. Temperature sensitivity of formation damage in petroleum reservoirs. SPE27386, 1994
[10]蒲万芬.油田开发过程中的沥青质沉积.西南石油学院学报, 1999, 21(4):38~41
[11]杨照,林维森,马吕蜂,等.沥青质沉淀点的测定与模型化计算.石油学报, 1999, 20(3):92~95
[12]张人雄,向阳,李晓梅.超稠油油藏热采过程中沥青质损害室内模拟.石油勘探与开发, 2001, 28(1):85~86
[13]党犇,赵虹,隗合明,等.稠油热采条件下沥青质沉积热模拟实验研究及影响因素分析-以辽河油田曙一区杜84块兴隆台油层稠油油藏为例.石油实验地质, 2003, 25(3):305~3089
[14] Tayfun Babadagli. Evaluation of EOR methods for heavy-oil recovery in naturally fractured reservoirs. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2003, 37 (1):25~37
[15] Shaojun Wang, Yanzhang Huang, Faruk Civan. Experimental and theoretical investigation of the Zaoyuan field heavy oil flow through porous media. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2006, 50(1):83~101
[16] Tayfun Babadagli, Ali Al-Bemani. Investigations on matrix recovery during steam injection into heavy-oil containing carbonate rocks. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2007, 58 (2):259~274
[17] Gilbert F. Froment, Luis Carlos Castaneda-Lopez, Celia Marin-Rosas. Kinetic modeling of the hydrotreatment of light cycle oil and heavy gas oil using the structural contributions approach. Catalysis Today, 2008, 130 (6):446~454
[18] Alessandro Lanza, Matteo Manera, Massimo Giovannini. Modeling and forecasting cointegrated relationships among heavy oil and product prices. Energy Economics, 2005, 27(6):831~848
[19] Morteza Nobakht, Samane Moghadam, Yongan Gu. Mutual interactions between crude oil and CO2 under different pressures. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2008, 265(5):94~103
[20] Chunqing Jiang, Steve R. Larter, Kimberley J. Noke, et al. TLC–FID (Iatroscan) analysis of heavy oil and tar sand samples. Organic Geochemistry, 2008, 120(2):85~101
[21] Aggour M.A., Malik S.A., Harari Z.Y. Effect of Cyclic Formation Pressure Changes on Permeability, SPE15728
[22] R.George s.Ritchis, Rodney s.Roche, William Steedman.Pyrolysis of Athabasca tar sands: analysis of the condensible products from asphaltene.FUEL, 1979, 58(6):523~530
[23] Fan Hongfu, Liu Yongjian. Studies the synergetic effects of mineral and steam on the compositionchanges of heavy oils.Energy & Fuels, 2001, 15(6):1475~1479
[24] Sheng-Li Chen, Peng Dong, Keqi Xu, et al. Large pore heavy oil processing catalysts prepared using colloidal particles as templates. Catalysis Today, 2007, 125(2):143~148
[25]李素梅,张爱云,王铁冠.原油极性组分的吸附与储层润湿性及研究意义.地质科技情报, 1998, 17(4):65~70
[26]李红,王培荣,邓胜华,等.非烃化合物引起的润湿性的变化.石油勘探与开发, 2000, 27(5):69~75
[27]刘其成,郭彦臣,刘志惠.辽河油区稠油热采中储层变化实验研究.特种油气藏, 1999, 6(3):54~58
[28]于兰兄,杨延东,汪宝华.辽河油区砂岩稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐开采中储层变化的实验研究.特种油气藏, 1999, 6(1):52~57
[29]妙兴,韩怀,闫少武,等.稠油油藏注汽前后物性变化规律研究.西部探矿工程, 2004, 98(7):68~71
[30]王敬玉,罗治形.注汽热采中粘土矿物成分及含量的变化规律.新疆石油地质, 1995, 16(1):57~72
[31]李云峰,钱会.蒸汽吞吐稠油储层矿物溶蚀量和沉淀量的计算.油田化学, 1997, 14(2):143~147
[32]曹嫣镔,宋丹,刘冬青,等.石油磺酸盐复配体系在胜利油田稠油热采中的应用研究.石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报), 2006, 28(1):68~72
[33]王艳辉,刘希圣.油井出砂预测技术的发展与应用综述.石油钻采工艺, 1994, 16(5):79~85
[34]王玉纯,顾宏伟.油井出砂机理与防砂方法综述.特种油气藏, 1998, 5(4):63~66
[35]蒋官澄,鄢捷年.疏松砂岩油藏出砂机理研究.钻采工艺, 1996, 13(2):9~12
[36]刘铁岭,沈和平.稠油油藏热采井出砂机理模拟实验研究.江汉石油学报, 2004, 21(3):83~84
[37] M.T. Tweheyo, T. Holt, O. Tors?ter. An experimental study of the relationship between wettability and oil production characteristics. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 1999, 24(5): 179~188
[38] Behnam Sedaee Sola, Fariborz Rashidi, Tayfun Babadagli. Temperature effects on the heavy oil/water relative permeabilities of carbonate rocks. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2007, 59(1):27~42
[39] Renata Costa Ribeiro da Silva, Rahoma Sadeq Mohamed, Antonio Carlos Bannwart. Wettability alteration of internal surfaces of pipelines for use in the transportation of heavy oil via core-flow. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2006, 51(2):17~25
[40] E. Kowalewski, T. Holt b, O. Torsaeter. Wettability alterations due to an oil soluble additive. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2002, 33(2):19~28
[41] N.C. Wardlaw, M. McKellar. Wettability and connate water saturation in hydrocarbon reservoirs with bitumen deposits. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 1998, 20(3):141~146
[42] Maria C. Bravo, Mariela Araujo. Analysis of the unconventional behavior of oil relative permeability during depletion tests of gas-saturated heavy oils. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2008,34(2):447~460
[43] J. BAUDRACCO, M. AOUBOUAZZA. PERMEABILITY VARIATIONS IN BEREA AND VOSGES SANDSTONE SUBMITTED TO CYCLIC TEMPERATURE PERCOLATION OF SALINE FLUIDS. Geothermics, 1995, 24(5): 661~677
[44] T. Babadagli. Scaling capillary imbibition during static thermal and dynamic fracture flow conditions. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2002, 33 (2):223~239
[45] Reza Azin, Riyaz Kharrat, Cyrus Ghotbi, et al. Simulation study of the VAPEX process in fractured heavy oil system at reservoir conditions. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2008, 60(2):51~66
[46] Kewen Li, Roland N. Horne. Systematic study of steam–water capillary pressure. Geothermics, 2007, 36 (1):558~574
[47] Hajdol E. Formation damage of a nonconsolidated reservoir during steamflooding. SPE27385, 1994
[48] Fan Hongfu, Liu Yongjian, Zhang Liying, et al. The study on composition changes of heavy oils during steam stimulation processes. Fuel, 2002, 81(2):1733~1738
[49]李相远,郭平,李向良,等.疏松砂岩稠油油藏热采储层伤害研究.油气采收率技术, 7(1):57~61
[50]蒋祖国,王义才,韩润静,等.注水中伊/蒙间层矿物对吐哈油田油层伤害的室内研究.新疆石油地质, 2000, 21(4):304~306
[51] M. Marafi, A. Stanislaus. Preparation of heavy oil hydrotreating catalyst from spent residue hydroprocessing catalysts. Catalysis Today, 2008, 130(3):421~428
[52] Hidetsugu Fukuyama, Satoshi Terai. Preparing and characterizing the active carbon produced by steam and carbon dioxide as a heavy oil hydrocracking catalyst support. Catalysis Today, 2008, 130(3):382~388
[53] Yubin Zeng, Changzhu Yang, Wenhong Pu, et al. Removal of silica from heavy oil wastewater to be reused in a boiler by combining magnesium and zinc compounds with coagulation. Desalination, 2007, 216(2):147~159
[54] Clark P.D, Hyne J.B, Tyrer J.D. Chemistry of organosulphur compound type occurring in heavy oil sands 5 Reactions of thiophene and tetrahydrothiophene with aqueous group VIIIB metal species at high temperature. FUEL, 1987, 66(2):1699~1702
[55] Malcolm Greaves, Abdul el-saghr, Tian Xiangxia.Capri horizontal well reactor for catalytic upgrading of heavy oil.Preprints, 2000, 45(4):595~598
[56] John Ivory, Mario De Rocco, Norman Paradis.Investigation of the mechanisms involved in the steam-air injection process.JCPT, 1992, 31(2):41~47
[57] Chaodong Yang, Yongan Gu. Diffusion coefficients and oil swelling factors of carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, propane, and their mixtures in heavy oil. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2006, 243 (1): 64~73
[58] Peng Luo, Yongan Gu. Effects of asphaltene content on the heavy oil viscosity at different temperatures. Fuel, 2007, 86(1):1069~1078
[59] Peng Luo, Chaodong Yang, Yongan Gu. Enhanced solvent dissolution into in-situ upgraded heavy oil under different pressures. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2007, 252 (2): 143~151
[60] R. G. S. Arafijo, j. L. A. O. Sousa, M. Bloch. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RESERVOIR ROCKS. Int. J. Rock Mech. & Min. Sci., 1997, 34(3):3-4
[61] Xianghai Meng, Chunming Xu, Jinsen Gao, et al. Influence of feed properties and reaction conditions on catalytic pyrolysis of gas oils and heavy oils. Fuel, 2008, 87(3):2463~2468
[62] Qu Zhang, Haiping Huang, Lunjun Zheng, et al. Secondary hydrocarbon generation potential from heavy oil, oil sand and solid bitumen during the artificial maturation. Organic Geochemistry, 2007, 38(4):2024~2035
[63]邓兰鸿,徐士进.热采条件下砂岩储层矿物转化的实验研究.高校地质学报, 2000, 6(2):315~321
[64]马玉霞.稠油油藏注蒸汽后沥青沉积引起的储层变化.河南石油, 2004, 10(2):56~57
[65]李向良,郭平,庞雪君,等.高温高压蒸汽凝析液对超稠油油藏储层的伤害研究.特种油气藏, 2003, 10(2):88~89
[66] Ohen H.A., Civna F.. Simulation of Formation Dmaage in Petroleum Resevroirs. SPE Advanced Technology Series, 1993, ll(l):27~35
[67] Tayfun Babadagli, Yaman Boluk. Oil recovery performances of surfactant solutions by capillaryimbibition. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2005, 282 (5):162~175
[68] Dengen Zhou, Martin Blunt. Wettability effects in three-phase gravity drainage. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 1998, 20(5):203~211
[69]周英杰.胜利油区水驱普通稠油油藏注蒸汽提高采收率研究与实践[J].石油勘探与开发, 2006, 33(4):479~483
[70] Helset H.M. Relative permeability from displacement experiments with full account for capillary pressure. SPE Reservoir Eval & Eng, 1998, 1(2):92~98
[71] Dewall J A. Measurement and Evaluation of Resistivity-Index Curves. The Log Analyst, 1991, (5):111~124
[72]施成耀,梁磊,薛如清.重质原油采油工艺的设想—原油改质热注采.石油勘探与开发, 1997, 24(1):77~79
[73]吴淑红.一种用于处理宾汉非牛顿稠油渗流的热采模型.石油大学学报(自然科学版), 1998, 22(6):53~55
[74]凌建军,黄鹏.稠油热采试井三区数学模型及典型曲线分析.特种油气藏, 1997, 3(18):9~15
[75] Richard.P.Dutta, William C.Mc.Caffrey, Murray R.Gray.Thermal cracking of athabasca bitumen: influence of steam on reaction chemistry.Engergy & Fuels, 2000, 14(2):671~676
[76] Glen Brons, Michael Siskin.Bitumen chemical changes during aquathermolytic treatments of cold lake tar sands.Fuel, 1994, 73(6):183~191
[77]范洪富,刘永建,赵晓非.稠油在水蒸汽作用下组成变化研究.燃料化学学报, 2001, 29(3):269~272
[78]张枝焕,常象春,曾溅辉.水-岩相互作用研究及其在石油地质中的应用.地质科技情报, 1998, 17(3):69~74
[79]唐洪明,赵敬松,陈忠,等.蒸汽驱对储层孔隙结构和矿物组成的影响.西南石油学院学报, 2000, 22(2):11~14
[80]李爱国.稠油热采水岩反应数学模型的应用.西安地质学院学报, 1997, 19(3):54~60
[81]钱会,李云峰.辽河曙光油田蒸汽吞吐开采过程中水岩作用的研究.西安工程学院学报, 2001, 23(1):33~37
[82]胡三清,李淑廉.井眼条件下钻井液对油层损害的室内试验研究.江汉石油学院学报, 2000,22(3):35~36
[83] Amy Hinkle, Eun-Jae Shin, Matthew W. Liberatore, et al. Correlating the chemical and physical properties of a set of heavy oils from around the world. Fuel, 2008, 87(6):3065~3070
[84] Ronak A. Kapadia, Simant R. Upreti, Ali Lohi, et al. Determination of gas dispersion in vapor extraction of heavy oil and bitumen. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2006, 51(5): 214~222
[85] Azfar Hassan, Lante Carbognani, Pedro Pereira-Almao. Development of an alternative setup for the estimation of microcarbon residue for heavy oil and fractions: Effects derived from air presence. Fuel, 2008,55(4):101–109
[86] F. Plantier, D. Bessieres, J.L. Daridon, et al. Structure and thermodynamic consistency of heavy oils: A study on the basis of acoustic measurements. Fuel, 2008, 87(2):196~201
[87] Qiang Liu, Mingzhe Dong, Shanzhou Ma, et al. Surfactant enhanced alkaline flooding for Western Canadian heavy oil recovery. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 2007, 293 (2):63~71
[88] Tushar V. Choudhary, Stephen Parrott, Byron Johnson. Understanding the hydrodenitrogenation chemistry of heavy oils. Catalysis Communications, 2008, 9(1):1853~1857
[89] Carlos V.Downwhole Upgrading of extra-heavy crude oil using hydrogen donor and methane under steam injection condition.Preprints, 2000, 45(4):591~594
[90] Irwin A Wiehe.Partial upgrading of heavy crude oil.Preprints, 2001, 46(2):60~63
[91] H.M.Chishti, P.T.Wiliams.Aromatic and hetero-aromatic compositional changes during catalytic hydrotreatment of shale oil.Fuel, 1999, 78(4):1085~1815
[92] C.Ozgen Karacan, Ender Okandan.Change of physical and thermal decomposition properties of in-situ heavy oil with steam temperature . Petroleum science and technology, 1997, 15(5&6):429~443
[93] Maria T.Martinez, Ana M.Benito, Maria A. Calljas.Thermal cracking of coal residues: kinetics of asphaltene decomposition.FUEL, 1997, 76(9):871~876
[94] Kenneth A. Gould.Influence of thermal processing on the properties of cold lake asphaltene.Fuel, 1983, 62(2):370~372
[95] J.D.M.Belgrave, R.G.Moore, M.G.Ursenbach. Comprehensive kinetic models for the aquathermolysis of heavy oils﹒The Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technic, 1997, 36(4):38~44
[96] Glen Brons,Michael Siskin.Bitumen chemical changes during aquathermolytic treatments of cold Lake tar sands.Fuel, 1994, 73(2):183~190
[97] Desbene P L, Abderrezag A, Desmazieres B, et al. The transalkylation reaction: Analytical tool for the study of heavy crude oil fraction. Application to asphaltenes of various types. Org. Geochem., 1990, 16(4-6):969~980
[98] J.G.Speight.石油沥青质的热解化学.石油学报(石油加工), 1990, 6(1):29~35
[99]刘永建,钟立国,范洪富,等.稠油的水热裂解反应及其降粘机理.大庆石油学院学报, 2002, 26(3):95~98
[100]范洪富,刘永建,钟立国.油层矿物对蒸汽作用下稠油组成与粘度变化的影响.油田化学, 2001, 18(4):299~301
[101]范洪富,张翼,刘永建.蒸汽开采过程中金属盐对稠油粘度及平均分子量的影响.燃料化学学报, 2003, 31(5):429~433
[102]李美霞.沥青质沉积问题文献综述.特种油气藏, 1996, 3(3):59~62
[103]杨照,郭天民.沥青质沉淀研究进展综述.石油勘探与开发, 1997, 24(5):98~103
[104]许心伟,张锐,何中.稠油蒸汽驱开采特征及转驱程序研究.特种油气藏, 1998, 5(2):24~25
[105]贾庆,周斌,贾莉.油田蒸汽锅炉中二氧化硅含量对垢沉积和管壁损耗的影响.国外油田工程, 2002, 18(3):42~43
[106]陆善祥, M.R.Gray.核磁共振谱法估计重油和沥青质中环分布.华东理工大学学报, 1994, 20(4):501~506
[107]廖泽文,耿安松.稠油和油砂中沥青质等重质组分的轻度氧化降解.石油勘探与开发, 2002, 29(4):55~59
[108]严锦根,王兆水. SN胶结剂用于蒸汽吞吐油井防砂.油田化学,2000, 17(3):201~203
[109]刘应学,凌建军.稠油井新型高温固砂技术实验研究.特种油气藏, 2001, 8(2):86~89
[110]吴高安.反应速率常数方差最小法确定动力学方程参数.武汉化工学院学报, 2002, 24(2):19~22
[111]张引沁,刘伟.一级反应速率常数测定数据处理方法选择.平原大学学报, 2001, 18(2):81~82
[112] Malate R C.M, O' Sullivan M J. Mathematical Modelling of Non-Isothermal Silica transport and Deposition in a Porous Medium. Geothermics, 1992, 21(4): 519~54
[113] Kovescek SK B A.modeling permeability alteration in diatomite reservoirs during steam drive.California: Stanford University Stanford, 1998
[114] Malate RCM, O′sulivan M J M. Mathematical Modelling of silica Deposition in porous. Geothermics, 1992, 3(21):377~400
[2]阳鑫军.稠油开采技术.海洋石油, 2003,23(2):55~60
[3]崔波,石文平,戴树高,等.高粘度稠油开采方法的现状与研究进展.石油化工技术经济, 2000, 6(2):5~10
[4] C. Jabbour, M. Quintard, H. Bertin, et al. Oil recovery by steam injection: three-phase flow effects. Joumai of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 1996,16(2):109~130
[5] Tayfun Babadagli. Temperature effect on heavy-oil recovery by imbibition in fractured reservoirs. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 1996, 14 (3):197~208
[6] G. Xiao, D. Zhimin, F.Yu, L. Lang. Effect of Formation Damage to Production Performance in Heavy oil Reservoir Steam Injection After Waterflooding,SPE97869
[7] Anuj Gupta. Temperature sensitivity of formation damage in petroleum reservoirs. SPE27368, 1994
[8] Gunter W.D. Modeling formation damage caused by kaolinite from 25 to 350℃in the oil sand reservoirs of Alverta. SPE23786, 1992
[9] Anuj Gupaetal. Temperature sensitivity of formation damage in petroleum reservoirs. SPE27386, 1994
[10]蒲万芬.油田开发过程中的沥青质沉积.西南石油学院学报, 1999, 21(4):38~41
[11]杨照,林维森,马吕蜂,等.沥青质沉淀点的测定与模型化计算.石油学报, 1999, 20(3):92~95
[12]张人雄,向阳,李晓梅.超稠油油藏热采过程中沥青质损害室内模拟.石油勘探与开发, 2001, 28(1):85~86
[13]党犇,赵虹,隗合明,等.稠油热采条件下沥青质沉积热模拟实验研究及影响因素分析-以辽河油田曙一区杜84块兴隆台油层稠油油藏为例.石油实验地质, 2003, 25(3):305~3089
[14] Tayfun Babadagli. Evaluation of EOR methods for heavy-oil recovery in naturally fractured reservoirs. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2003, 37 (1):25~37
[15] Shaojun Wang, Yanzhang Huang, Faruk Civan. Experimental and theoretical investigation of the Zaoyuan field heavy oil flow through porous media. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2006, 50(1):83~101
[16] Tayfun Babadagli, Ali Al-Bemani. Investigations on matrix recovery during steam injection into heavy-oil containing carbonate rocks. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2007, 58 (2):259~274
[17] Gilbert F. Froment, Luis Carlos Castaneda-Lopez, Celia Marin-Rosas. Kinetic modeling of the hydrotreatment of light cycle oil and heavy gas oil using the structural contributions approach. Catalysis Today, 2008, 130 (6):446~454
[18] Alessandro Lanza, Matteo Manera, Massimo Giovannini. Modeling and forecasting cointegrated relationships among heavy oil and product prices. Energy Economics, 2005, 27(6):831~848
[19] Morteza Nobakht, Samane Moghadam, Yongan Gu. Mutual interactions between crude oil and CO2 under different pressures. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2008, 265(5):94~103
[20] Chunqing Jiang, Steve R. Larter, Kimberley J. Noke, et al. TLC–FID (Iatroscan) analysis of heavy oil and tar sand samples. Organic Geochemistry, 2008, 120(2):85~101
[21] Aggour M.A., Malik S.A., Harari Z.Y. Effect of Cyclic Formation Pressure Changes on Permeability, SPE15728
[22] R.George s.Ritchis, Rodney s.Roche, William Steedman.Pyrolysis of Athabasca tar sands: analysis of the condensible products from asphaltene.FUEL, 1979, 58(6):523~530
[23] Fan Hongfu, Liu Yongjian. Studies the synergetic effects of mineral and steam on the compositionchanges of heavy oils.Energy & Fuels, 2001, 15(6):1475~1479
[24] Sheng-Li Chen, Peng Dong, Keqi Xu, et al. Large pore heavy oil processing catalysts prepared using colloidal particles as templates. Catalysis Today, 2007, 125(2):143~148
[25]李素梅,张爱云,王铁冠.原油极性组分的吸附与储层润湿性及研究意义.地质科技情报, 1998, 17(4):65~70
[26]李红,王培荣,邓胜华,等.非烃化合物引起的润湿性的变化.石油勘探与开发, 2000, 27(5):69~75
[27]刘其成,郭彦臣,刘志惠.辽河油区稠油热采中储层变化实验研究.特种油气藏, 1999, 6(3):54~58
[28]于兰兄,杨延东,汪宝华.辽河油区砂岩稠油油藏蒸汽吞吐开采中储层变化的实验研究.特种油气藏, 1999, 6(1):52~57
[29]妙兴,韩怀,闫少武,等.稠油油藏注汽前后物性变化规律研究.西部探矿工程, 2004, 98(7):68~71
[30]王敬玉,罗治形.注汽热采中粘土矿物成分及含量的变化规律.新疆石油地质, 1995, 16(1):57~72
[31]李云峰,钱会.蒸汽吞吐稠油储层矿物溶蚀量和沉淀量的计算.油田化学, 1997, 14(2):143~147
[32]曹嫣镔,宋丹,刘冬青,等.石油磺酸盐复配体系在胜利油田稠油热采中的应用研究.石油天然气学报(江汉石油学院学报), 2006, 28(1):68~72
[33]王艳辉,刘希圣.油井出砂预测技术的发展与应用综述.石油钻采工艺, 1994, 16(5):79~85
[34]王玉纯,顾宏伟.油井出砂机理与防砂方法综述.特种油气藏, 1998, 5(4):63~66
[35]蒋官澄,鄢捷年.疏松砂岩油藏出砂机理研究.钻采工艺, 1996, 13(2):9~12
[36]刘铁岭,沈和平.稠油油藏热采井出砂机理模拟实验研究.江汉石油学报, 2004, 21(3):83~84
[37] M.T. Tweheyo, T. Holt, O. Tors?ter. An experimental study of the relationship between wettability and oil production characteristics. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 1999, 24(5): 179~188
[38] Behnam Sedaee Sola, Fariborz Rashidi, Tayfun Babadagli. Temperature effects on the heavy oil/water relative permeabilities of carbonate rocks. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2007, 59(1):27~42
[39] Renata Costa Ribeiro da Silva, Rahoma Sadeq Mohamed, Antonio Carlos Bannwart. Wettability alteration of internal surfaces of pipelines for use in the transportation of heavy oil via core-flow. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2006, 51(2):17~25
[40] E. Kowalewski, T. Holt b, O. Torsaeter. Wettability alterations due to an oil soluble additive. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2002, 33(2):19~28
[41] N.C. Wardlaw, M. McKellar. Wettability and connate water saturation in hydrocarbon reservoirs with bitumen deposits. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 1998, 20(3):141~146
[42] Maria C. Bravo, Mariela Araujo. Analysis of the unconventional behavior of oil relative permeability during depletion tests of gas-saturated heavy oils. International Journal of Multiphase Flow, 2008,34(2):447~460
[43] J. BAUDRACCO, M. AOUBOUAZZA. PERMEABILITY VARIATIONS IN BEREA AND VOSGES SANDSTONE SUBMITTED TO CYCLIC TEMPERATURE PERCOLATION OF SALINE FLUIDS. Geothermics, 1995, 24(5): 661~677
[44] T. Babadagli. Scaling capillary imbibition during static thermal and dynamic fracture flow conditions. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2002, 33 (2):223~239
[45] Reza Azin, Riyaz Kharrat, Cyrus Ghotbi, et al. Simulation study of the VAPEX process in fractured heavy oil system at reservoir conditions. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2008, 60(2):51~66
[46] Kewen Li, Roland N. Horne. Systematic study of steam–water capillary pressure. Geothermics, 2007, 36 (1):558~574
[47] Hajdol E. Formation damage of a nonconsolidated reservoir during steamflooding. SPE27385, 1994
[48] Fan Hongfu, Liu Yongjian, Zhang Liying, et al. The study on composition changes of heavy oils during steam stimulation processes. Fuel, 2002, 81(2):1733~1738
[49]李相远,郭平,李向良,等.疏松砂岩稠油油藏热采储层伤害研究.油气采收率技术, 7(1):57~61
[50]蒋祖国,王义才,韩润静,等.注水中伊/蒙间层矿物对吐哈油田油层伤害的室内研究.新疆石油地质, 2000, 21(4):304~306
[51] M. Marafi, A. Stanislaus. Preparation of heavy oil hydrotreating catalyst from spent residue hydroprocessing catalysts. Catalysis Today, 2008, 130(3):421~428
[52] Hidetsugu Fukuyama, Satoshi Terai. Preparing and characterizing the active carbon produced by steam and carbon dioxide as a heavy oil hydrocracking catalyst support. Catalysis Today, 2008, 130(3):382~388
[53] Yubin Zeng, Changzhu Yang, Wenhong Pu, et al. Removal of silica from heavy oil wastewater to be reused in a boiler by combining magnesium and zinc compounds with coagulation. Desalination, 2007, 216(2):147~159
[54] Clark P.D, Hyne J.B, Tyrer J.D. Chemistry of organosulphur compound type occurring in heavy oil sands 5 Reactions of thiophene and tetrahydrothiophene with aqueous group VIIIB metal species at high temperature. FUEL, 1987, 66(2):1699~1702
[55] Malcolm Greaves, Abdul el-saghr, Tian Xiangxia.Capri horizontal well reactor for catalytic upgrading of heavy oil.Preprints, 2000, 45(4):595~598
[56] John Ivory, Mario De Rocco, Norman Paradis.Investigation of the mechanisms involved in the steam-air injection process.JCPT, 1992, 31(2):41~47
[57] Chaodong Yang, Yongan Gu. Diffusion coefficients and oil swelling factors of carbon dioxide, methane, ethane, propane, and their mixtures in heavy oil. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2006, 243 (1): 64~73
[58] Peng Luo, Yongan Gu. Effects of asphaltene content on the heavy oil viscosity at different temperatures. Fuel, 2007, 86(1):1069~1078
[59] Peng Luo, Chaodong Yang, Yongan Gu. Enhanced solvent dissolution into in-situ upgraded heavy oil under different pressures. Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2007, 252 (2): 143~151
[60] R. G. S. Arafijo, j. L. A. O. Sousa, M. Bloch. EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION ON THE INFLUENCE OF TEMPERATURE ON THE MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF RESERVOIR ROCKS. Int. J. Rock Mech. & Min. Sci., 1997, 34(3):3-4
[61] Xianghai Meng, Chunming Xu, Jinsen Gao, et al. Influence of feed properties and reaction conditions on catalytic pyrolysis of gas oils and heavy oils. Fuel, 2008, 87(3):2463~2468
[62] Qu Zhang, Haiping Huang, Lunjun Zheng, et al. Secondary hydrocarbon generation potential from heavy oil, oil sand and solid bitumen during the artificial maturation. Organic Geochemistry, 2007, 38(4):2024~2035
[63]邓兰鸿,徐士进.热采条件下砂岩储层矿物转化的实验研究.高校地质学报, 2000, 6(2):315~321
[64]马玉霞.稠油油藏注蒸汽后沥青沉积引起的储层变化.河南石油, 2004, 10(2):56~57
[65]李向良,郭平,庞雪君,等.高温高压蒸汽凝析液对超稠油油藏储层的伤害研究.特种油气藏, 2003, 10(2):88~89
[66] Ohen H.A., Civna F.. Simulation of Formation Dmaage in Petroleum Resevroirs. SPE Advanced Technology Series, 1993, ll(l):27~35
[67] Tayfun Babadagli, Yaman Boluk. Oil recovery performances of surfactant solutions by capillaryimbibition. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 2005, 282 (5):162~175
[68] Dengen Zhou, Martin Blunt. Wettability effects in three-phase gravity drainage. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 1998, 20(5):203~211
[69]周英杰.胜利油区水驱普通稠油油藏注蒸汽提高采收率研究与实践[J].石油勘探与开发, 2006, 33(4):479~483
[70] Helset H.M. Relative permeability from displacement experiments with full account for capillary pressure. SPE Reservoir Eval & Eng, 1998, 1(2):92~98
[71] Dewall J A. Measurement and Evaluation of Resistivity-Index Curves. The Log Analyst, 1991, (5):111~124
[72]施成耀,梁磊,薛如清.重质原油采油工艺的设想—原油改质热注采.石油勘探与开发, 1997, 24(1):77~79
[73]吴淑红.一种用于处理宾汉非牛顿稠油渗流的热采模型.石油大学学报(自然科学版), 1998, 22(6):53~55
[74]凌建军,黄鹏.稠油热采试井三区数学模型及典型曲线分析.特种油气藏, 1997, 3(18):9~15
[75] Richard.P.Dutta, William C.Mc.Caffrey, Murray R.Gray.Thermal cracking of athabasca bitumen: influence of steam on reaction chemistry.Engergy & Fuels, 2000, 14(2):671~676
[76] Glen Brons, Michael Siskin.Bitumen chemical changes during aquathermolytic treatments of cold lake tar sands.Fuel, 1994, 73(6):183~191
[77]范洪富,刘永建,赵晓非.稠油在水蒸汽作用下组成变化研究.燃料化学学报, 2001, 29(3):269~272
[78]张枝焕,常象春,曾溅辉.水-岩相互作用研究及其在石油地质中的应用.地质科技情报, 1998, 17(3):69~74
[79]唐洪明,赵敬松,陈忠,等.蒸汽驱对储层孔隙结构和矿物组成的影响.西南石油学院学报, 2000, 22(2):11~14
[80]李爱国.稠油热采水岩反应数学模型的应用.西安地质学院学报, 1997, 19(3):54~60
[81]钱会,李云峰.辽河曙光油田蒸汽吞吐开采过程中水岩作用的研究.西安工程学院学报, 2001, 23(1):33~37
[82]胡三清,李淑廉.井眼条件下钻井液对油层损害的室内试验研究.江汉石油学院学报, 2000,22(3):35~36
[83] Amy Hinkle, Eun-Jae Shin, Matthew W. Liberatore, et al. Correlating the chemical and physical properties of a set of heavy oils from around the world. Fuel, 2008, 87(6):3065~3070
[84] Ronak A. Kapadia, Simant R. Upreti, Ali Lohi, et al. Determination of gas dispersion in vapor extraction of heavy oil and bitumen. Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 2006, 51(5): 214~222
[85] Azfar Hassan, Lante Carbognani, Pedro Pereira-Almao. Development of an alternative setup for the estimation of microcarbon residue for heavy oil and fractions: Effects derived from air presence. Fuel, 2008,55(4):101–109
[86] F. Plantier, D. Bessieres, J.L. Daridon, et al. Structure and thermodynamic consistency of heavy oils: A study on the basis of acoustic measurements. Fuel, 2008, 87(2):196~201
[87] Qiang Liu, Mingzhe Dong, Shanzhou Ma, et al. Surfactant enhanced alkaline flooding for Western Canadian heavy oil recovery. Colloids and Surfaces A: Physicochem. Eng. Aspects, 2007, 293 (2):63~71
[88] Tushar V. Choudhary, Stephen Parrott, Byron Johnson. Understanding the hydrodenitrogenation chemistry of heavy oils. Catalysis Communications, 2008, 9(1):1853~1857
[89] Carlos V.Downwhole Upgrading of extra-heavy crude oil using hydrogen donor and methane under steam injection condition.Preprints, 2000, 45(4):591~594
[90] Irwin A Wiehe.Partial upgrading of heavy crude oil.Preprints, 2001, 46(2):60~63
[91] H.M.Chishti, P.T.Wiliams.Aromatic and hetero-aromatic compositional changes during catalytic hydrotreatment of shale oil.Fuel, 1999, 78(4):1085~1815
[92] C.Ozgen Karacan, Ender Okandan.Change of physical and thermal decomposition properties of in-situ heavy oil with steam temperature . Petroleum science and technology, 1997, 15(5&6):429~443
[93] Maria T.Martinez, Ana M.Benito, Maria A. Calljas.Thermal cracking of coal residues: kinetics of asphaltene decomposition.FUEL, 1997, 76(9):871~876
[94] Kenneth A. Gould.Influence of thermal processing on the properties of cold lake asphaltene.Fuel, 1983, 62(2):370~372
[95] J.D.M.Belgrave, R.G.Moore, M.G.Ursenbach. Comprehensive kinetic models for the aquathermolysis of heavy oils﹒The Journal of Canadian Petroleum Technic, 1997, 36(4):38~44
[96] Glen Brons,Michael Siskin.Bitumen chemical changes during aquathermolytic treatments of cold Lake tar sands.Fuel, 1994, 73(2):183~190
[97] Desbene P L, Abderrezag A, Desmazieres B, et al. The transalkylation reaction: Analytical tool for the study of heavy crude oil fraction. Application to asphaltenes of various types. Org. Geochem., 1990, 16(4-6):969~980
[98] J.G.Speight.石油沥青质的热解化学.石油学报(石油加工), 1990, 6(1):29~35
[99]刘永建,钟立国,范洪富,等.稠油的水热裂解反应及其降粘机理.大庆石油学院学报, 2002, 26(3):95~98
[100]范洪富,刘永建,钟立国.油层矿物对蒸汽作用下稠油组成与粘度变化的影响.油田化学, 2001, 18(4):299~301
[101]范洪富,张翼,刘永建.蒸汽开采过程中金属盐对稠油粘度及平均分子量的影响.燃料化学学报, 2003, 31(5):429~433
[102]李美霞.沥青质沉积问题文献综述.特种油气藏, 1996, 3(3):59~62
[103]杨照,郭天民.沥青质沉淀研究进展综述.石油勘探与开发, 1997, 24(5):98~103
[104]许心伟,张锐,何中.稠油蒸汽驱开采特征及转驱程序研究.特种油气藏, 1998, 5(2):24~25
[105]贾庆,周斌,贾莉.油田蒸汽锅炉中二氧化硅含量对垢沉积和管壁损耗的影响.国外油田工程, 2002, 18(3):42~43
[106]陆善祥, M.R.Gray.核磁共振谱法估计重油和沥青质中环分布.华东理工大学学报, 1994, 20(4):501~506
[107]廖泽文,耿安松.稠油和油砂中沥青质等重质组分的轻度氧化降解.石油勘探与开发, 2002, 29(4):55~59
[108]严锦根,王兆水. SN胶结剂用于蒸汽吞吐油井防砂.油田化学,2000, 17(3):201~203
[109]刘应学,凌建军.稠油井新型高温固砂技术实验研究.特种油气藏, 2001, 8(2):86~89
[110]吴高安.反应速率常数方差最小法确定动力学方程参数.武汉化工学院学报, 2002, 24(2):19~22
[111]张引沁,刘伟.一级反应速率常数测定数据处理方法选择.平原大学学报, 2001, 18(2):81~82
[112] Malate R C.M, O' Sullivan M J. Mathematical Modelling of Non-Isothermal Silica transport and Deposition in a Porous Medium. Geothermics, 1992, 21(4): 519~54
[113] Kovescek SK B A.modeling permeability alteration in diatomite reservoirs during steam drive.California: Stanford University Stanford, 1998
[114] Malate RCM, O′sulivan M J M. Mathematical Modelling of silica Deposition in porous. Geothermics, 1992, 3(21):377~400
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |