非均相间歇共沸精馏模拟的研究
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摘要
本文综述了苯酚国内外生产现状,工业上的用途、以及工业生产苯酚的各种工艺方法,研究了甲苯苯甲酸法生产苯酚,在前人实验结果的基础上研究了工艺中不同溶剂的对反应的影响,同时对苯甲酸生产苯酚的机理进行了探讨。
本文针对在甲苯苯甲酸法生产苯酚的过程中,由甲苯生产苯甲酸时,产生大量重组分废料进行了研究,通过高真空减压精馏,充分回收利用重组分废料,得到苯甲酸、苯甲酸苄酯和芴酮等高附加值工业产品。
在甲苯苯甲酸法生产苯酚过程中,苯酚中的主要杂质为水,苯酚的精制过程主要是使用非均相共沸精馏。本文以甲苯为夹带剂,以苯酚、甲苯、水的体系为例进行了非均相间歇共沸精馏的过程模拟。
本文对共沸精馏以及间歇精馏的分离技术和进展进行了评述,应用严格的热力学模型,提出了一个可广泛应用于共沸精馏和一般精馏的平衡级间歇精馏模型,该模型摒弃了一般间歇精馏模型的松弛算法,使用同步校正方法,增强了模型的适用性和精确性,模型构造以微分方程为主,具备可读性强,便于修改等优点。该间歇精馏模型为恒体积持液模型,可以简化得到恒摩尔持液模型,另外根据精馏塔塔顶回流组成的不同,模型可以解决精馏塔顶回流均相和非均相的不同操作情况。
间歇精馏模型需要严格的初值,本文提出了使用组分物料衡算和总物料衡算结合的模型建立了全回流模型,模型具备算法简便,收敛快等优点,利用模型提出间歇共沸精馏最小夹带剂用量的概念,当夹带剂用量过量时,所需间歇精馏的理论板数最少,同时最小夹带剂用量随精馏塔理论板数的增加而减少。通过全回流模型确定间歇精馏的初值,使用Matlab软件实现间歇精馏的动态模型,不同物系可选用合适算法进行模拟运算。以苯酚、甲苯和水体系为例进行模拟,模拟计算结果与实验结果吻合较好。
In this paper the current status of phenol production and its use in industry, as well as all kinds of process methods for producing industrial phenol was discussed. The effects on the reactions of different solvents in one process were studied in the toluene-benzoic acid method for producing phenol, based on the result of the former experiment. At the same time, the principle for using benzoic acid produce phenol was discussed.
The heavy components waste was studied which was produced by the reaction of the toluene-benzoic acid method for producing phenol,through high vacuum and decompression distillation, and recycled adequately, with highly added value industry products such as benzoic acid, benzyl benzoate and 9-fluorenone etc.
In toluene-benzoic acid method for producing phenol process, the main impurity in phenol is water. The refine process of phenol was completed by heterogeneous azeotropic distillation. In this article, toluene is used as entrainer, and phenol, toluene, water system were used as a sample to study a simulation of heterogeneous azeotropic distillation.
The azeotropic distillation and the separation technology of batch distillation were summaried. Using a rigorous thermodynamics simulation, an equipoise degree batch distillation model was set up which can be used in both azeotropic distillation and general distillation. This model uses synchro emendation method and abandons the flabby arithmetic which was used in general batch distillation model. This method improves the applicability and accuracy of the model. This structure of this model is mainly based on differential equation, easy to modify with its advantage of readability.
The batch distillation was a kind of constant volume holdup model, and can get a constant mole holdup model after predigested. Additionally, according to the reflux condition, this model can be used in both homogeneous and heterogeneous operations.
A rigorous initial value was needed in a batch distillation model. In this article, a total reflux model was set up which based on component material balance and total material balance. Simple Arithmetic and high convergence speed were the two advantages of this model. The concept of Minimum entrainer quantity was created using this model for batch azeotropic distillation. When the quantity of entrainer was excessive, the theoretical plates were the least in batch azeotropic distillation, and the minimum entrainer quantity was decreasing with the increasing of theoretical plates. The appropriate arithmetic can be selected in different systems to do its simulative operation through fixing the initial value of batch distillation and using Matlab software to create a dynamic batch distillation model. This article uses phenol, toluene and water system as a sample to simulate. Consequently, the experiment result matched pretty well with that of simulative operation result.
本文针对在甲苯苯甲酸法生产苯酚的过程中,由甲苯生产苯甲酸时,产生大量重组分废料进行了研究,通过高真空减压精馏,充分回收利用重组分废料,得到苯甲酸、苯甲酸苄酯和芴酮等高附加值工业产品。
在甲苯苯甲酸法生产苯酚过程中,苯酚中的主要杂质为水,苯酚的精制过程主要是使用非均相共沸精馏。本文以甲苯为夹带剂,以苯酚、甲苯、水的体系为例进行了非均相间歇共沸精馏的过程模拟。
本文对共沸精馏以及间歇精馏的分离技术和进展进行了评述,应用严格的热力学模型,提出了一个可广泛应用于共沸精馏和一般精馏的平衡级间歇精馏模型,该模型摒弃了一般间歇精馏模型的松弛算法,使用同步校正方法,增强了模型的适用性和精确性,模型构造以微分方程为主,具备可读性强,便于修改等优点。该间歇精馏模型为恒体积持液模型,可以简化得到恒摩尔持液模型,另外根据精馏塔塔顶回流组成的不同,模型可以解决精馏塔顶回流均相和非均相的不同操作情况。
间歇精馏模型需要严格的初值,本文提出了使用组分物料衡算和总物料衡算结合的模型建立了全回流模型,模型具备算法简便,收敛快等优点,利用模型提出间歇共沸精馏最小夹带剂用量的概念,当夹带剂用量过量时,所需间歇精馏的理论板数最少,同时最小夹带剂用量随精馏塔理论板数的增加而减少。通过全回流模型确定间歇精馏的初值,使用Matlab软件实现间歇精馏的动态模型,不同物系可选用合适算法进行模拟运算。以苯酚、甲苯和水体系为例进行模拟,模拟计算结果与实验结果吻合较好。
In this paper the current status of phenol production and its use in industry, as well as all kinds of process methods for producing industrial phenol was discussed. The effects on the reactions of different solvents in one process were studied in the toluene-benzoic acid method for producing phenol, based on the result of the former experiment. At the same time, the principle for using benzoic acid produce phenol was discussed.
The heavy components waste was studied which was produced by the reaction of the toluene-benzoic acid method for producing phenol,through high vacuum and decompression distillation, and recycled adequately, with highly added value industry products such as benzoic acid, benzyl benzoate and 9-fluorenone etc.
In toluene-benzoic acid method for producing phenol process, the main impurity in phenol is water. The refine process of phenol was completed by heterogeneous azeotropic distillation. In this article, toluene is used as entrainer, and phenol, toluene, water system were used as a sample to study a simulation of heterogeneous azeotropic distillation.
The azeotropic distillation and the separation technology of batch distillation were summaried. Using a rigorous thermodynamics simulation, an equipoise degree batch distillation model was set up which can be used in both azeotropic distillation and general distillation. This model uses synchro emendation method and abandons the flabby arithmetic which was used in general batch distillation model. This method improves the applicability and accuracy of the model. This structure of this model is mainly based on differential equation, easy to modify with its advantage of readability.
The batch distillation was a kind of constant volume holdup model, and can get a constant mole holdup model after predigested. Additionally, according to the reflux condition, this model can be used in both homogeneous and heterogeneous operations.
A rigorous initial value was needed in a batch distillation model. In this article, a total reflux model was set up which based on component material balance and total material balance. Simple Arithmetic and high convergence speed were the two advantages of this model. The concept of Minimum entrainer quantity was created using this model for batch azeotropic distillation. When the quantity of entrainer was excessive, the theoretical plates were the least in batch azeotropic distillation, and the minimum entrainer quantity was decreasing with the increasing of theoretical plates. The appropriate arithmetic can be selected in different systems to do its simulative operation through fixing the initial value of batch distillation and using Matlab software to create a dynamic batch distillation model. This article uses phenol, toluene and water system as a sample to simulate. Consequently, the experiment result matched pretty well with that of simulative operation result.
引文
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