地震反应谱及盆地地震响应分析
|
摘要
本文分别对地震反应谱、人造地震动、盆地地震进行了研究。
(1)、重新推导了位移谱、速度谱及加速度谱精确计算公式,并以埃尔森特罗强震记录为例,采用数值法,对两种公式计算的结果进行了对比,得出了简化计算公式在实际工作中的可行性。同时,对埃尔神特罗类工程场地进行了研究,得出这类场地在地震作用下的一系列动力特性及其特点,为此类场地的工程抗震设计提供了依据。
(2)、根据安徽省地震局提供的某工程场地未来50年期限内可能遭遇超越概率为63%、10%和3%的基岩地震动峰值加速度与反应谱值数据,采用数值模拟的方法合成基岩地震动时程,得出了不同概率值时的地震时程曲线。并对目标反应谱进行了拟合分析,验证了所合成基岩地震动时程的正确性,所得地震动时程曲线可做为此工程场地土层反应分析和上部结构抗震设计的地震动输入。
(3)、建立盆地模型,采用交错网格差分法对二维波动方程进行了离散,通过泰勒展开式对四个边界进行了处理,采用数值方法模拟了在连续荷载、离散荷载作用下,不同性质土层的动力特性;研究了不同横截面情况下,地震波在地表的传播情况和表面不同土颗粒随时间的振动方式。
The paper researches seismic response spectrum,artifical ground motion and earthquake of basin.
(1)Accurate formula and simple formula of displacement spectrum,velocity spectrum and acceleration spectrum are derivated. The comparison of them is calculated by numerical method according to El-centro’s record of earthquake. The result proves simple formula’s feasibility in the actual application. At the same time,the paper researches the engineering site like El-centro’s. The results are the dynamic properties and characteristics and provide the basis for seismic design.
(2)According to data of seismic parpameters and response spectrum under 63%,10%,3% probability of exceedance about certain site by Anhui certain seismological bureau, the seismic time-distance curves are calculated by numerical method. And the certain response spectrums are matched and verify that the seismic time-distance curves are correctness. Therefore, the certain response spectrums are the basis for seismic design.
(3)The simple model of basin is built. Two-dimensional wave equations are discretized by finite difference method of staggered grid. Four boundaries are processed by method of Taylor expansion. Dynamic properties of different soil is simulated by numerical method under continuous load or discrete load. How seismic wave propagates on upper basin and how surficial soil particles librate with time are researched in the case of different cross-sections.
(1)、重新推导了位移谱、速度谱及加速度谱精确计算公式,并以埃尔森特罗强震记录为例,采用数值法,对两种公式计算的结果进行了对比,得出了简化计算公式在实际工作中的可行性。同时,对埃尔神特罗类工程场地进行了研究,得出这类场地在地震作用下的一系列动力特性及其特点,为此类场地的工程抗震设计提供了依据。
(2)、根据安徽省地震局提供的某工程场地未来50年期限内可能遭遇超越概率为63%、10%和3%的基岩地震动峰值加速度与反应谱值数据,采用数值模拟的方法合成基岩地震动时程,得出了不同概率值时的地震时程曲线。并对目标反应谱进行了拟合分析,验证了所合成基岩地震动时程的正确性,所得地震动时程曲线可做为此工程场地土层反应分析和上部结构抗震设计的地震动输入。
(3)、建立盆地模型,采用交错网格差分法对二维波动方程进行了离散,通过泰勒展开式对四个边界进行了处理,采用数值方法模拟了在连续荷载、离散荷载作用下,不同性质土层的动力特性;研究了不同横截面情况下,地震波在地表的传播情况和表面不同土颗粒随时间的振动方式。
The paper researches seismic response spectrum,artifical ground motion and earthquake of basin.
(1)Accurate formula and simple formula of displacement spectrum,velocity spectrum and acceleration spectrum are derivated. The comparison of them is calculated by numerical method according to El-centro’s record of earthquake. The result proves simple formula’s feasibility in the actual application. At the same time,the paper researches the engineering site like El-centro’s. The results are the dynamic properties and characteristics and provide the basis for seismic design.
(2)According to data of seismic parpameters and response spectrum under 63%,10%,3% probability of exceedance about certain site by Anhui certain seismological bureau, the seismic time-distance curves are calculated by numerical method. And the certain response spectrums are matched and verify that the seismic time-distance curves are correctness. Therefore, the certain response spectrums are the basis for seismic design.
(3)The simple model of basin is built. Two-dimensional wave equations are discretized by finite difference method of staggered grid. Four boundaries are processed by method of Taylor expansion. Dynamic properties of different soil is simulated by numerical method under continuous load or discrete load. How seismic wave propagates on upper basin and how surficial soil particles librate with time are researched in the case of different cross-sections.
引文
[1]金春山,黄乃安.工程地震[M].北京:中国水利水电出版社,1995.
[2]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.
[3]王杰贤.动力地基与基础[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[4]王钟琦,谢君斐,石兆吉.地震工程地质导论[M].北京:地震出版社,1983.
[5]高玉峰,张健.地震危险性分析研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[6]王国新,陶夏新,姜海燕.反应谱特征参数的提取及其变化规律研究[J].世界地震工程,2001,2(17):73—78.
[7]张孔修.反应谱理论[J].钢铁设计,1992,4:42—50.
[8]王海江.中小地震地震动衰减关系的研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2002.
[9] IAEE, Regulations for seismic design: A world list[M].International Association for Earthquake Engineering, 1996.
[10]中华人民共和国行业标准,建筑抗震设计规范GB 50011 - 2001.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[11]谢礼立.地震工程研究的基本任务及其传统与非传统的研究领域[R].2005年国家自然科学基金委工程与材料学部十一五战略研究研讨会报告,2005.
[12] Biot M A, A mechanical analyzer for prediction of earthquake stress[J].Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. , 1941, 31 (1) : 151 - 171.
[13]刘恢先.论地震力[A].刘恢先地震工程学论文选集[C].地震出版社,1992: 3 - 22.
[14]周锡元.土质条件对建筑物所受地震荷载的影响[A].中国科学院工程力学研究所地震工程研究报告集[C],第二集.科学出版社,1965.
[15]陈达生.关于地面运动最大加速度与加速度反应谱的若干资料[A].中国科学院工程力学研究所地震工程研究报告集[C],第二集.科学出版社,1965.
[16]章在墉,居荣初.关于标准加速度反应谱问题[A].中国科学院土木建筑研究所地震工程报告集[C],第一集,科学出版社,1965.
[17]周锡元,王广军,苏经宇.场地分类和平均反应谱[ J ].岩土工程学报,1984, 6 (5):59 - 68.
[18] R. D. Borcherd , Estimates of site -dependent response spectra for design methodoligy and justification[J].Earthquake Spectra ,1994, 14(1110) : 617 - 653.
[19] FEMA , NEHRP Recommended provisions for seismic regulation for newbuildings[M]. 1994 Edition , Federal Emergency Management Agency , Washington D.C 1995.
[20]香川敬生等.强地面运动预测的现状与展望[J].世界地震译丛,2002,4:1—13.
[21] Qin Xiangjun1,Zhang Xun'an and Sheldon Cherry, Study on semi-active control of mega-sub controlled structure by MR damper subject to random wind loads[J]. EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION,2008,3(7):285—294.
[22] JIN Xing,KANG Lan-chi,OU Yi-ping, Ground motion attenuation relation for small to moderate earthquakes in Fujian region, China [J]. ACTA SEISMOLO- GICA SINICA,2008,3(21):283—295.
[23]周锡元,樊水荣,苏经宇.场地分类和设计反应谱的特征周期[J].工程抗震,1999,12(4):3—8.
[24]徐龙军,谢礼立,胡进军.抗震设计谱的发展及相关问题综述[J].世界地震工程,2007,2(23):46—57.
[25]武卫.高层建筑避免地震的方法[J].有色金属加工,2000,2(158):29—31.
[26]中华人民共和国行业标准,城市抗震防灾规划标准GB 50413 - 2007.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007.
[27]刘明贵,蔡忠理,余诗刚.基桩与场地检测技术[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2007.
[28]吕悦军,彭艳菊,兰景岩,孟小红.场地条件对地震动参数影响的关键问题[J].震灾防御技术,2008,3(2):126—135.
[29]徐龙军,谢礼立.基于双规准反应谱的抗震设计谱[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2007,39(12):1859—1863.
[30] Richter C F.elementary seismology.San-Francisco,1958.
[31] M.J.Pender recent developments in earthquake geotechnical engineering Bull.N .Z .Nat.Soc.Earthq.Engg.Vol.30,No.2,June1 997.
[32] Lee,Y.,and J.G.Anderson(2000).Potential for improving ground-motion relation in Southern California by incorporating variouss ite parameters,Bull.Seism Soc.A m .90,no.6B.S1 70-S1 86.
[33] Fu-lu Men,Jie Cui&Liping Jing Effect of alternate soil layers on seismic ground motion Proc:10th European Conf.On Earthq.Engrg,Vienna3 55-360
[34] Celebi M. Topographic and geological amplification determined from strong- motion and aftershock records of 3 M arch 1985 Chile earthquake[J].Bull. seis.soc.Am.1987,77:1147-1107.
[35] Cao,H and Lee,V.W., Scattering of plane waves by circular cylindrical canyons with varable depth-to-width ratio.European Earthq. Engng, 2:29-37,1989.
[36] Steild,J.H.(2000).Site response in southern California for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis,Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.90,no.6B,S149-S169.
[37] Kennett, B.L.N., Seismic wave propagation in stratified media, Cambridge University Press,New York,1983.
[38] Koten H Van,Middendorp P.An analysis of dissipative wave propagation in a pile[A] . Int. Seminar on the Application of Stress Wave Theory on Piles[C].Stockholm, 1980.
[39]张楚汉,赵崇斌.河谷形态对平面SH波散射的影响[J1.岩土工程学报,1990, 12 (1):1- 11.
[40]梁建文,严林隽等.河谷形态对平面SH波散射的影响[J1.岩土工程学报,1990, 12 (1):1- 11.
[41]李伟华,赵成钢.饱和土沉积谷场地对平面P波的散射[J].岩土工程学报,2003,3(25):346—351.
[42]李伟华,赵成钢.饱和土沉积谷场地对平面SV波的散射问题的解析解[J].地球物理学报,2004,5(47):911—919.
[43]王磊,赵成钢.饱和土沉积谷场地对平面Rayleigh波的散射[J].岩土工程学报,2007,2(29):204—211.
[44]周竹生,刘喜亮,熊孝雨.弹性介质中瑞雷面波有限差分法正演模拟[J].地球物理学报,2007,2(50):567—573.
[45]马在田,曹景忠,王家林等.计算地球物理学概论[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997.
[46]葛德彪,闫玉波.电磁波时域有限差分方法(第二版)[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2005.
[47]吕英华.计算计算电磁学的数值方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[48]柯宅邦,刘东甲.低应变反射波法测桩的轴对称问题数值计算[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(12):2111—2115.
[49] Lysmer J , Richart F E . Dynamic response of footing to vertical loading[J].Journal Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division,ASCE,1966, 92(SM1):65-91.
[50] Milos Novak.Vertical vibration of floating piles[J].Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division,1977,103(EM1):153-168.
[51] Milos Novak,Toyoaki Nogami,Fakhry Aboul-Ella.Dynamic soil reaction for plane strain case[J].Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division,1978, 104(EM4):953-959.
[52] Rausche F . Stress wave measuring in practice, Lectures, the Second international Conference on the Application of Stress Wave Theory on Piles.Stockholm,Sweden,1984.
[53] Chow Y K,Phoon K K,Chow W F and Wong K Y.Low strain integrity testing of pile : three-dimensional effects[J] . Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2003 ,129(11):1057-1062.
[54] Frank Schubert,Alexander Peiffer,Bernd Koehler,Terry Sanderson.The elastodynamic finite integration technique for waves in cylindrical geometries[J].J.Acoust.Soc.Am,1998,104(5):2604—2614.
[55] Frank Schubert,Bernd Koehler.Three-dimensional time domain modeling of ultrasonic wave propagation in concrete in explicit consideration of aggregates and porosity[J].Journal of computational acoustics,2001,9(4):1543-1560.
[56]徐芝纶.弹性力学(上册)[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1979.278—280.
[57]刘东甲.完整桩瞬态纵向振动的模拟计算[J].合肥工业大学学报,2000,23(5):683-687.
[58]刘东甲.完整桩瞬态纵向振动的参数影响分析[J].合肥工业大学学报,2000,23(6):1014-1018.
[59]陈义全,任志国,刘东甲.非完整桩瞬态纵向振动的模拟计算[J].合肥工业大学学报,2004,27(10):1210-1214.
[60]柯宅邦,刘东甲,廖旭涛.非完整桩扭转振动问题的数值计算[J].合肥工业大学学报,2005,28(11):1446-1448.
[61]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导论(第二版) [M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[62]段军,刘东甲,程晓东,柯宅邦.桩的一维纵向振动问题的交叉网格有限差分法数值计算[J].工程地球物理学报,2008,5(1):54—59.
[63]王龙甫.弹性理论[M].北京:科学技术出版社,1978.
[64]杨桂通,张善元.弹性动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1988.
[65]陆金甫,关治.偏微分方程数值解法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1987.
[66]陈桂明,张明照,戚红雨.应用MATLAB语言处理数字信号与数字图像[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[67]杜藏,骆源.科学计算语言MATLAB简明教程[M].天津:南开大学出版社,1998.
[68]张威.MATLAB基础与编程入门[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2004.
[69]李桂成.计算方法[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
[2]胡聿贤.地震工程学[M].北京:地震出版社,2006.
[3]王杰贤.动力地基与基础[M].北京:科学出版社,2001.
[4]王钟琦,谢君斐,石兆吉.地震工程地质导论[M].北京:地震出版社,1983.
[5]高玉峰,张健.地震危险性分析研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2007.
[6]王国新,陶夏新,姜海燕.反应谱特征参数的提取及其变化规律研究[J].世界地震工程,2001,2(17):73—78.
[7]张孔修.反应谱理论[J].钢铁设计,1992,4:42—50.
[8]王海江.中小地震地震动衰减关系的研究[D].北京:中国地震局地球物理研究所,2002.
[9] IAEE, Regulations for seismic design: A world list[M].International Association for Earthquake Engineering, 1996.
[10]中华人民共和国行业标准,建筑抗震设计规范GB 50011 - 2001.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2001.
[11]谢礼立.地震工程研究的基本任务及其传统与非传统的研究领域[R].2005年国家自然科学基金委工程与材料学部十一五战略研究研讨会报告,2005.
[12] Biot M A, A mechanical analyzer for prediction of earthquake stress[J].Bull. Seism. Soc. Am. , 1941, 31 (1) : 151 - 171.
[13]刘恢先.论地震力[A].刘恢先地震工程学论文选集[C].地震出版社,1992: 3 - 22.
[14]周锡元.土质条件对建筑物所受地震荷载的影响[A].中国科学院工程力学研究所地震工程研究报告集[C],第二集.科学出版社,1965.
[15]陈达生.关于地面运动最大加速度与加速度反应谱的若干资料[A].中国科学院工程力学研究所地震工程研究报告集[C],第二集.科学出版社,1965.
[16]章在墉,居荣初.关于标准加速度反应谱问题[A].中国科学院土木建筑研究所地震工程报告集[C],第一集,科学出版社,1965.
[17]周锡元,王广军,苏经宇.场地分类和平均反应谱[ J ].岩土工程学报,1984, 6 (5):59 - 68.
[18] R. D. Borcherd , Estimates of site -dependent response spectra for design methodoligy and justification[J].Earthquake Spectra ,1994, 14(1110) : 617 - 653.
[19] FEMA , NEHRP Recommended provisions for seismic regulation for newbuildings[M]. 1994 Edition , Federal Emergency Management Agency , Washington D.C 1995.
[20]香川敬生等.强地面运动预测的现状与展望[J].世界地震译丛,2002,4:1—13.
[21] Qin Xiangjun1,Zhang Xun'an and Sheldon Cherry, Study on semi-active control of mega-sub controlled structure by MR damper subject to random wind loads[J]. EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING AND ENGINEERING VIBRATION,2008,3(7):285—294.
[22] JIN Xing,KANG Lan-chi,OU Yi-ping, Ground motion attenuation relation for small to moderate earthquakes in Fujian region, China [J]. ACTA SEISMOLO- GICA SINICA,2008,3(21):283—295.
[23]周锡元,樊水荣,苏经宇.场地分类和设计反应谱的特征周期[J].工程抗震,1999,12(4):3—8.
[24]徐龙军,谢礼立,胡进军.抗震设计谱的发展及相关问题综述[J].世界地震工程,2007,2(23):46—57.
[25]武卫.高层建筑避免地震的方法[J].有色金属加工,2000,2(158):29—31.
[26]中华人民共和国行业标准,城市抗震防灾规划标准GB 50413 - 2007.北京:中国建筑工业出版社,2007.
[27]刘明贵,蔡忠理,余诗刚.基桩与场地检测技术[M].武汉:湖北科学技术出版社,2007.
[28]吕悦军,彭艳菊,兰景岩,孟小红.场地条件对地震动参数影响的关键问题[J].震灾防御技术,2008,3(2):126—135.
[29]徐龙军,谢礼立.基于双规准反应谱的抗震设计谱[J].哈尔滨工业大学学报,2007,39(12):1859—1863.
[30] Richter C F.elementary seismology.San-Francisco,1958.
[31] M.J.Pender recent developments in earthquake geotechnical engineering Bull.N .Z .Nat.Soc.Earthq.Engg.Vol.30,No.2,June1 997.
[32] Lee,Y.,and J.G.Anderson(2000).Potential for improving ground-motion relation in Southern California by incorporating variouss ite parameters,Bull.Seism Soc.A m .90,no.6B.S1 70-S1 86.
[33] Fu-lu Men,Jie Cui&Liping Jing Effect of alternate soil layers on seismic ground motion Proc:10th European Conf.On Earthq.Engrg,Vienna3 55-360
[34] Celebi M. Topographic and geological amplification determined from strong- motion and aftershock records of 3 M arch 1985 Chile earthquake[J].Bull. seis.soc.Am.1987,77:1147-1107.
[35] Cao,H and Lee,V.W., Scattering of plane waves by circular cylindrical canyons with varable depth-to-width ratio.European Earthq. Engng, 2:29-37,1989.
[36] Steild,J.H.(2000).Site response in southern California for probabilistic seismic hazard analysis,Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.90,no.6B,S149-S169.
[37] Kennett, B.L.N., Seismic wave propagation in stratified media, Cambridge University Press,New York,1983.
[38] Koten H Van,Middendorp P.An analysis of dissipative wave propagation in a pile[A] . Int. Seminar on the Application of Stress Wave Theory on Piles[C].Stockholm, 1980.
[39]张楚汉,赵崇斌.河谷形态对平面SH波散射的影响[J1.岩土工程学报,1990, 12 (1):1- 11.
[40]梁建文,严林隽等.河谷形态对平面SH波散射的影响[J1.岩土工程学报,1990, 12 (1):1- 11.
[41]李伟华,赵成钢.饱和土沉积谷场地对平面P波的散射[J].岩土工程学报,2003,3(25):346—351.
[42]李伟华,赵成钢.饱和土沉积谷场地对平面SV波的散射问题的解析解[J].地球物理学报,2004,5(47):911—919.
[43]王磊,赵成钢.饱和土沉积谷场地对平面Rayleigh波的散射[J].岩土工程学报,2007,2(29):204—211.
[44]周竹生,刘喜亮,熊孝雨.弹性介质中瑞雷面波有限差分法正演模拟[J].地球物理学报,2007,2(50):567—573.
[45]马在田,曹景忠,王家林等.计算地球物理学概论[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997.
[46]葛德彪,闫玉波.电磁波时域有限差分方法(第二版)[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2005.
[47]吕英华.计算计算电磁学的数值方法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,2006.
[48]柯宅邦,刘东甲.低应变反射波法测桩的轴对称问题数值计算[J].岩土工程学报,2006,28(12):2111—2115.
[49] Lysmer J , Richart F E . Dynamic response of footing to vertical loading[J].Journal Soil Mechanics and Foundation Division,ASCE,1966, 92(SM1):65-91.
[50] Milos Novak.Vertical vibration of floating piles[J].Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division,1977,103(EM1):153-168.
[51] Milos Novak,Toyoaki Nogami,Fakhry Aboul-Ella.Dynamic soil reaction for plane strain case[J].Journal of the Engineering Mechanics Division,1978, 104(EM4):953-959.
[52] Rausche F . Stress wave measuring in practice, Lectures, the Second international Conference on the Application of Stress Wave Theory on Piles.Stockholm,Sweden,1984.
[53] Chow Y K,Phoon K K,Chow W F and Wong K Y.Low strain integrity testing of pile : three-dimensional effects[J] . Journal of Geotechnical and Geoenvironmental Engineering, 2003 ,129(11):1057-1062.
[54] Frank Schubert,Alexander Peiffer,Bernd Koehler,Terry Sanderson.The elastodynamic finite integration technique for waves in cylindrical geometries[J].J.Acoust.Soc.Am,1998,104(5):2604—2614.
[55] Frank Schubert,Bernd Koehler.Three-dimensional time domain modeling of ultrasonic wave propagation in concrete in explicit consideration of aggregates and porosity[J].Journal of computational acoustics,2001,9(4):1543-1560.
[56]徐芝纶.弹性力学(上册)[M].北京:人民教育出版社,1979.278—280.
[57]刘东甲.完整桩瞬态纵向振动的模拟计算[J].合肥工业大学学报,2000,23(5):683-687.
[58]刘东甲.完整桩瞬态纵向振动的参数影响分析[J].合肥工业大学学报,2000,23(6):1014-1018.
[59]陈义全,任志国,刘东甲.非完整桩瞬态纵向振动的模拟计算[J].合肥工业大学学报,2004,27(10):1210-1214.
[60]柯宅邦,刘东甲,廖旭涛.非完整桩扭转振动问题的数值计算[J].合肥工业大学学报,2005,28(11):1446-1448.
[61]廖振鹏.工程波动理论导论(第二版) [M].北京:科学出版社,2002.
[62]段军,刘东甲,程晓东,柯宅邦.桩的一维纵向振动问题的交叉网格有限差分法数值计算[J].工程地球物理学报,2008,5(1):54—59.
[63]王龙甫.弹性理论[M].北京:科学技术出版社,1978.
[64]杨桂通,张善元.弹性动力学[M].北京:中国铁道出版社,1988.
[65]陆金甫,关治.偏微分方程数值解法[M].北京:清华大学出版社,1987.
[66]陈桂明,张明照,戚红雨.应用MATLAB语言处理数字信号与数字图像[M].北京:科学出版社,2000.
[67]杜藏,骆源.科学计算语言MATLAB简明教程[M].天津:南开大学出版社,1998.
[68]张威.MATLAB基础与编程入门[M].西安:西安电子科技大学出版社,2004.
[69]李桂成.计算方法[M].北京:电子工业出版社,2005.
© 2004-2018 中国地质图书馆版权所有 京ICP备05064691号 京公网安备11010802017129号 地址：北京市海淀区学院路29号 邮编：100083 电话：办公室：(+86 10)66554848；文献借阅、咨询服务、科技查新：66554700 |