汽车造型的设计创意与工程物化
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摘要
《汽车造型的设计创意和工程物化》研究选题源于国家纵向课题和设计实践,对汽车造型领域具有尤其重要的理论和实践意义。
汽车造型设计属于典型的交叉学科,同时具有自然科学和人文科学的特点,形成了一种独特的设计思维和解决问题方式。汽车造型设计创意和工程物化是设计师和工程师为行为主体的共同设计沟通与协调,以汽车造型为载体的造物活动。设计创意与工程物化是汽车设计开发的两个核心阶段,两者之间的逻辑关系、时序关系和数据关系的复杂性信息造成高不确定性和反复迭代的设计求解过程。汽车设计也可以理解为“设计信息”在设计的各阶段和各领域之间的传递与转化,由离散到聚合,最终物化为汽车产品的创造性过程。
“汽车造型设计”是本文的主要研究领域,“汽车工程设计”是本文的主要关联研究领域。本文的基本研究思路是,从设计师的视角分析造型与工程的角色关系、内在互动模式和设计信息模型,研究造型与工程的内在认知逻辑关系,构建汽车造型与工程的沟通信息一致性理论框架。
研究的基本理论问题为：第一,设计师与工程师作为汽车造型设计的行为主体,两者在设计的不同阶段体现为不同的角色和角色关系,设计创意和工程物化的设计信息和其表达方式是一个理论性课题；第二,设计师和工程师对设计信息和设计问题具有不同的认知方式和求解方法,两者在设计过程中对设计信息的理解、协调和处理的沟通方式和沟通模型是另一个理论性课题。在这两个理论问题研究的基础上,如何提升汽车造型设计的流程和方法同样是本研究的重要问题。
本文采用的主要研究方法是“案例分析法”、“调研法”、和“实验法”。将设计创意和工程物化的过程分解为相应的现象、层次和结构,找出设计创意和工程物化的任务属性和内在关系；通过辨析重构形成整体性的认识,构建关系框架和模型,最后提出对应的设计方法论。
主要研究内容和创新点可以概括为五个方面：
1)采用史论查阅、现象分析和模型构建方法,针对设计过程中“创意”和“物化”的迭代性与关联性,深入研究两种设计活动和思维方式的历史演化、知识特性和互动现象,提出汽车造型的设计信息一致性模型；
2)采用调研分析、案例分析和辨析的方法,通过笔者参与的设计实践案例与理论研究项目,系统分析了设计创意的输入、目标分析和形态生成的过程,通过研究工程布置与整体造型、汽车品牌特征和标杆导向、创意发散与合理收敛的关系,结合设计创意阶段工程与造型的关系模式和品牌特征标定,提出汽车设计创意阶段的设计信息框架。
3)采取案例分析、驻厂设计实践与观察、访谈等方法,通过笔者全程参与的设计实践案例和理论研究,深入研究工程物化阶段造型与工程的设计信息关系,探讨两者不同的设计思维、行为及其在设计求解中的互动方式。对于造型而言工程物化是指造型概念的具体化和工程化,是两种设计思维和设计行为的沟通和互动。通过研究工程约束与造型设计的激活与引导关系,技术体系设计求解模型及应用和造型创意与工程物化的设计共识,提出设计师和工程师的设计信息一致模式。
4)通过实践反思、对比分析等方法,对比观察设计师和工程师在创意阶段和物化阶段的设计构形思路和过程,深入研究创意发散过程中的构形机制以及物化过程中对于创意构形的转化和重塑。提出造型与工程的构形共性关系是设计师和工程师沟通汽车造型设计并达成共识的理论基础。
5)总结设计师与工程师在汽车造型设计开发中的任务关系、造型意义与工程技术的创新关系、造型和工程的构形认知对应关系,提出由内而外的整合创新策略,建立设计创意和工程物化一致性方法论模型。
本文的核心是研究汽车造型设计创意和工程物化过程中设计师与工程师的思维方式、互动关系和设计信息,构建设计创意与工程物化的设计信息一致性方法和方法论。对于汽车造型设计领域具有重要的创新意义和理论实践价值。
This research was granted by National Program on Key Basic Research Project (973Program) and commercial car styling design projects. To Car-styling domain, it has significant theoretical and practical values.
Car-styling is a classic interdiscipline. Mixed with the features of both natural science and the humanities, it formed an unique design thinking. Design proposal and engineering implementation are the design communication and coordinateness between designer and engineer, and they are the two cores phases of car design development. Logical, sequential and data relationships between these two design solution process is unstable and iterative. Car design is a creative process in which "design information" is delivered, transformed during all steps and finally turned out into car product. Therefore, the process and information of design creativity and engineering implementation were theoretical issues need to be studied in car styling domain.
"Car-styling" is the main research domain of this paper and "car engineering design" is a related one. The purpose of this paper is to form a theoretical frame about design consistency between car styling and car engineering. The method is to analyze and study role-relationship, inner interactive mode, design information model and inner cognition logical relationship between designer and engineer.
The research of this paper has three points:one is two different roles-designer and engineer-during the whole design process have different design information understanding and its expression; the second is the process that how to reach the design consistency between them; and the last and most important is based on the mentioned two points how to improve and optimize car-styling process and method.
The tools used for this paper are "case study","survey" and "experimentation" With these tools, this paper divides the process of design proposal and engineering implementation into related phenomenon, level and structure; finds out the inner relationship between them; and promotes related design methodology through structure of relationship frame and model.
The findings of this paper can be summarized as follows:
1) With history review, reality analysis, and model structure, this paper deeply
studies historical evolution, knowledge features and interactive phenomenon of two design activities and thinking modes then promotes consistency model of car-styling design.
2) With survey, analysis of cases which the author participated, this paper systematically analyzes the input of design originality, target analysis and the process of form generation. And then it promotes design information flow model at design proposal stage through the research of the relationship between engineering package and holistic form, between automobile brand feature and benchmarking, between creativity divergence and reasonable convergence and the combine of brand feature demarcation and relationship mode of engineering and styling at proposal stage.
3) With analysis of cases, practice, observation and review, this paper deeply studies design relationship of styling and engineering at implementation stage, and discusses different design thinking between styling and engineering and the interaction way to achieve the consistence. For styling, engineering implementation is the concretization of concept and the interaction between these two different design thinking. And then this paper promotes design consistency model of styling and engineering at implementation stage through the research on the relationship between inspiration and induction of engineering restraint and styling and on the technical system model and its application and on the design consensus between styling and engineering.
4) With reflective practice, comparative analysis and comparative observation on design thinking between designer and engineer at design proposal and implementation stages, this paper deeply studies formation mechanism during creative divergence process and transformer and re-building of creative formation during implementation process. And then this paper promotes formation commonality relationship between styling and engineer is the theoretical foundation for designer and engineer to communicate on car-styling and achieve the final consensus.
5) This paper summarizes the task relationship between designer and engineer in car-styling, the creative relationship between form meaning and engineering technology, and the mapping relationship of formation cognition between styling and engineering. And then it promotes integrated innovation strategy and consistency methodology model of design proposal and engineering implementation.
The core of this research is to study the ways of thinking, interactive relationship and design consistency between design and engineer in the process of design proposal and engineering implementation. And then promote the consistency methodology and method of design proposal and engineering implementation. To Car-styling domain it has significant theoretical and practical research innovation.
汽车造型设计属于典型的交叉学科,同时具有自然科学和人文科学的特点,形成了一种独特的设计思维和解决问题方式。汽车造型设计创意和工程物化是设计师和工程师为行为主体的共同设计沟通与协调,以汽车造型为载体的造物活动。设计创意与工程物化是汽车设计开发的两个核心阶段,两者之间的逻辑关系、时序关系和数据关系的复杂性信息造成高不确定性和反复迭代的设计求解过程。汽车设计也可以理解为“设计信息”在设计的各阶段和各领域之间的传递与转化,由离散到聚合,最终物化为汽车产品的创造性过程。
“汽车造型设计”是本文的主要研究领域,“汽车工程设计”是本文的主要关联研究领域。本文的基本研究思路是,从设计师的视角分析造型与工程的角色关系、内在互动模式和设计信息模型,研究造型与工程的内在认知逻辑关系,构建汽车造型与工程的沟通信息一致性理论框架。
研究的基本理论问题为：第一,设计师与工程师作为汽车造型设计的行为主体,两者在设计的不同阶段体现为不同的角色和角色关系,设计创意和工程物化的设计信息和其表达方式是一个理论性课题；第二,设计师和工程师对设计信息和设计问题具有不同的认知方式和求解方法,两者在设计过程中对设计信息的理解、协调和处理的沟通方式和沟通模型是另一个理论性课题。在这两个理论问题研究的基础上,如何提升汽车造型设计的流程和方法同样是本研究的重要问题。
本文采用的主要研究方法是“案例分析法”、“调研法”、和“实验法”。将设计创意和工程物化的过程分解为相应的现象、层次和结构,找出设计创意和工程物化的任务属性和内在关系；通过辨析重构形成整体性的认识,构建关系框架和模型,最后提出对应的设计方法论。
主要研究内容和创新点可以概括为五个方面：
1)采用史论查阅、现象分析和模型构建方法,针对设计过程中“创意”和“物化”的迭代性与关联性,深入研究两种设计活动和思维方式的历史演化、知识特性和互动现象,提出汽车造型的设计信息一致性模型；
2)采用调研分析、案例分析和辨析的方法,通过笔者参与的设计实践案例与理论研究项目,系统分析了设计创意的输入、目标分析和形态生成的过程,通过研究工程布置与整体造型、汽车品牌特征和标杆导向、创意发散与合理收敛的关系,结合设计创意阶段工程与造型的关系模式和品牌特征标定,提出汽车设计创意阶段的设计信息框架。
3)采取案例分析、驻厂设计实践与观察、访谈等方法,通过笔者全程参与的设计实践案例和理论研究,深入研究工程物化阶段造型与工程的设计信息关系,探讨两者不同的设计思维、行为及其在设计求解中的互动方式。对于造型而言工程物化是指造型概念的具体化和工程化,是两种设计思维和设计行为的沟通和互动。通过研究工程约束与造型设计的激活与引导关系,技术体系设计求解模型及应用和造型创意与工程物化的设计共识,提出设计师和工程师的设计信息一致模式。
4)通过实践反思、对比分析等方法,对比观察设计师和工程师在创意阶段和物化阶段的设计构形思路和过程,深入研究创意发散过程中的构形机制以及物化过程中对于创意构形的转化和重塑。提出造型与工程的构形共性关系是设计师和工程师沟通汽车造型设计并达成共识的理论基础。
5)总结设计师与工程师在汽车造型设计开发中的任务关系、造型意义与工程技术的创新关系、造型和工程的构形认知对应关系,提出由内而外的整合创新策略,建立设计创意和工程物化一致性方法论模型。
本文的核心是研究汽车造型设计创意和工程物化过程中设计师与工程师的思维方式、互动关系和设计信息,构建设计创意与工程物化的设计信息一致性方法和方法论。对于汽车造型设计领域具有重要的创新意义和理论实践价值。
This research was granted by National Program on Key Basic Research Project (973Program) and commercial car styling design projects. To Car-styling domain, it has significant theoretical and practical values.
Car-styling is a classic interdiscipline. Mixed with the features of both natural science and the humanities, it formed an unique design thinking. Design proposal and engineering implementation are the design communication and coordinateness between designer and engineer, and they are the two cores phases of car design development. Logical, sequential and data relationships between these two design solution process is unstable and iterative. Car design is a creative process in which "design information" is delivered, transformed during all steps and finally turned out into car product. Therefore, the process and information of design creativity and engineering implementation were theoretical issues need to be studied in car styling domain.
"Car-styling" is the main research domain of this paper and "car engineering design" is a related one. The purpose of this paper is to form a theoretical frame about design consistency between car styling and car engineering. The method is to analyze and study role-relationship, inner interactive mode, design information model and inner cognition logical relationship between designer and engineer.
The research of this paper has three points:one is two different roles-designer and engineer-during the whole design process have different design information understanding and its expression; the second is the process that how to reach the design consistency between them; and the last and most important is based on the mentioned two points how to improve and optimize car-styling process and method.
The tools used for this paper are "case study","survey" and "experimentation" With these tools, this paper divides the process of design proposal and engineering implementation into related phenomenon, level and structure; finds out the inner relationship between them; and promotes related design methodology through structure of relationship frame and model.
The findings of this paper can be summarized as follows:
1) With history review, reality analysis, and model structure, this paper deeply
studies historical evolution, knowledge features and interactive phenomenon of two design activities and thinking modes then promotes consistency model of car-styling design.
2) With survey, analysis of cases which the author participated, this paper systematically analyzes the input of design originality, target analysis and the process of form generation. And then it promotes design information flow model at design proposal stage through the research of the relationship between engineering package and holistic form, between automobile brand feature and benchmarking, between creativity divergence and reasonable convergence and the combine of brand feature demarcation and relationship mode of engineering and styling at proposal stage.
3) With analysis of cases, practice, observation and review, this paper deeply studies design relationship of styling and engineering at implementation stage, and discusses different design thinking between styling and engineering and the interaction way to achieve the consistence. For styling, engineering implementation is the concretization of concept and the interaction between these two different design thinking. And then this paper promotes design consistency model of styling and engineering at implementation stage through the research on the relationship between inspiration and induction of engineering restraint and styling and on the technical system model and its application and on the design consensus between styling and engineering.
4) With reflective practice, comparative analysis and comparative observation on design thinking between designer and engineer at design proposal and implementation stages, this paper deeply studies formation mechanism during creative divergence process and transformer and re-building of creative formation during implementation process. And then this paper promotes formation commonality relationship between styling and engineer is the theoretical foundation for designer and engineer to communicate on car-styling and achieve the final consensus.
5) This paper summarizes the task relationship between designer and engineer in car-styling, the creative relationship between form meaning and engineering technology, and the mapping relationship of formation cognition between styling and engineering. And then it promotes integrated innovation strategy and consistency methodology model of design proposal and engineering implementation.
The core of this research is to study the ways of thinking, interactive relationship and design consistency between design and engineer in the process of design proposal and engineering implementation. And then promote the consistency methodology and method of design proposal and engineering implementation. To Car-styling domain it has significant theoretical and practical research innovation.
引文
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