超大容量多波长全光再生与基于OEO的大量程、高精度绝对距离测量技术研究
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摘要
本论文包括了两方面的工作：超大容量多波长全光再生技术研究和大量程、高精度绝对距离测量技术研究。
为了满足目前网络对传输提出的越来越高的要求，超大容量传输技术已经成为当下的研究热点，而相应的全光再生则是必须解决的关键技术之一。本研究结合当前多波长网络的现实，对超大容量多波长全光再生技术开展了研究：
系统研究方面：先后完成了总容量160Gb/（s4×40Gb/s）、320Gb/（s2×160Gb/s）的3R全光再生系统实验。在此基础上实现了640Gb/s（4×160Gb/s）的全光2R再生系统实验，这是目前已报道的最大容量的全光多波长再生系统实验。
具体技术研究上：利用了数据泵浦的参量过程实现信号再生，在有效抑制了SBS影响的同时对于“0”和“1”码噪声均有较好的抑制，首次对再生信号进行的“澡盆曲线”测试证明了这点；提出了延时半个码元周期的方案，充分利用了光纤的方向、偏振态及时隙的正交性，有效抑制了信道间的串扰。
理论方法上：提出了对3R再生系统的新的评价方法，更为全面地反映再生系统的性能，为再生系统在网络中的应用提供了依据。
测量技术是所有科学、技术的基础。而大量程（百米到公里量级）、高精度的绝对长度测量始终是一个重大的技术挑战。论文应用前期光子微波技术的成果，对此问题开展了工作：
系统研究：实验完成了等效长度6.2km的绝对距离测量，测量误差小于1.5μm，相对精度为2.5×10-10。这是目前在如此大的量程上达到的最高相对精度。
在技术思路上：相对于传统的利用提高仪器自身分辨率来改进测量精度的思路，采用了将被测量放大的技术思路。这就可以在仪器本身分辨率不变的情况下，通过增大放大倍数来提高测量的精度，相对降低了对器件指标要求，增强了测量系统对各种干扰的容限。
从实现原理上：首次提出了采用OEO（光电振荡器）进行测距的测量原理。该原理利用了OEO长谐振腔、高谱纯度和振荡频率高的特点，将被测量的变化放大了105~106倍，从而用普通的测量仪器达到了创记录的测量精度。
具体技术上：提出采用双谐振腔结构实现了仪器的自校准。一个谐振腔作为稳定腔，另一个谐振腔用于测量。这样通过锁相技术，就能实现仪器自身时延的稳定，保证了测量精度。
论文在以上两个方面取得的成果，为进一步的研究工作打下了良好的基础。
In this thesis, the research work are carried out mainly on the key technologies in twofields including ultra-large-capacity all optical multiple wavelength regeneration andhigh-precision absolute distance measurements over a long range based on twooptoelectronic oscillators.
In order to meet the increasing requirements on the current network transmissionrequirements, large-capacity transmission technology has become a hotspot of currentresearch. The corresponding all-optical regeneration is one of the key technologiesthat must be addressed. A study of large capacity multi-wavelength regeneration wascarried out in our research.
Systems: We have experimentally demonstrated capacity of160Gb/s (4×40Gb/s)and320Gb/s (2×160Gb/s) all-optical3R regeneration. Based on the results above,simultaneous all-optical2R regeneration of capacity of640Gb/s WDM-PDM signalsis achieved. This is the largest capacity all optical regeneration for multiple channelswhich has been reported.
Technology: The SBS can be suppressed by using degraded data signals as thepump in a FWM process. At the same time amplitude noise on both “0” and “1” levelscan be suppressed simultaneously very well, which is confirmed by bathtub curves.Bidirectional propagation in the fiber and polarization multiplexing are used to relievethe inter-channel interference among the four channels. A0.5bit slot time delaybetween the two co-propagating signals introduced by an optical delay line (ODL) canmitigate the inter-channel interference.
Theoretical methods: A new evaluation method of3R regeneration system isproposed. Using this method, the performance of regeneration systems can be showedcomprehensively. This new method will provide a basis of how to set regenerationsystems in network.
The measurement technique is the foundation of all science and technology.High-precision absolute distance measurement over a long range (from severalhundred meters to kilometers) is always a major technical challenge, which is studiedin this thesis based on the formerly achieved results of photonic microwave.
Systems research: The maximum error is1.5μm at the emulated~6km distance,including the drift error of about1μm in the air path due to the change in environmental conditions. The highest relative measurement precision of2.5×10-10can be achieved in our current system. This is the highest relative accuracy which hasbeen achieved on such a large range.
Technology: Traditional method tried to improve instrument resolution in orderto make the accuracy of the measurement better. Our scheme takes advantage ofaccumulative magnification theory, which makes the precision of the measureddistance significantly improved under the premise of the same accuracy of theinstrument. This method reduces the requirement on the device and enhances thetolerance of all interference.
Principle: The principle of distance measurement based on OEO is proposed thefirst time. Utilizing the OEO’s characteristic of long cavity, high spectral purity andhigh resonant frequency, the change of distance is magnified105~106times in anOEO system. In this way, measurement accuracy of the record can be achieved usingordinary equipment.
Technology: By using two OEOs, self-referencing can be achieved. One OEOserves as stabilization of the cavity length. The other is utilized to measure distance.The common optical path of the two OEOs is stabilized though a phase-locked loop(PLL) and the PZT, which can make sure of the accuracy of the measurement.
There are some results in this thesis on both all-optical multi-wavelengthregeneration and absolute distance measurement, which are a good foundation forfurther research work.
为了满足目前网络对传输提出的越来越高的要求，超大容量传输技术已经成为当下的研究热点，而相应的全光再生则是必须解决的关键技术之一。本研究结合当前多波长网络的现实，对超大容量多波长全光再生技术开展了研究：
系统研究方面：先后完成了总容量160Gb/（s4×40Gb/s）、320Gb/（s2×160Gb/s）的3R全光再生系统实验。在此基础上实现了640Gb/s（4×160Gb/s）的全光2R再生系统实验，这是目前已报道的最大容量的全光多波长再生系统实验。
具体技术研究上：利用了数据泵浦的参量过程实现信号再生，在有效抑制了SBS影响的同时对于“0”和“1”码噪声均有较好的抑制，首次对再生信号进行的“澡盆曲线”测试证明了这点；提出了延时半个码元周期的方案，充分利用了光纤的方向、偏振态及时隙的正交性，有效抑制了信道间的串扰。
理论方法上：提出了对3R再生系统的新的评价方法，更为全面地反映再生系统的性能，为再生系统在网络中的应用提供了依据。
测量技术是所有科学、技术的基础。而大量程（百米到公里量级）、高精度的绝对长度测量始终是一个重大的技术挑战。论文应用前期光子微波技术的成果，对此问题开展了工作：
系统研究：实验完成了等效长度6.2km的绝对距离测量，测量误差小于1.5μm，相对精度为2.5×10-10。这是目前在如此大的量程上达到的最高相对精度。
在技术思路上：相对于传统的利用提高仪器自身分辨率来改进测量精度的思路，采用了将被测量放大的技术思路。这就可以在仪器本身分辨率不变的情况下，通过增大放大倍数来提高测量的精度，相对降低了对器件指标要求，增强了测量系统对各种干扰的容限。
从实现原理上：首次提出了采用OEO（光电振荡器）进行测距的测量原理。该原理利用了OEO长谐振腔、高谱纯度和振荡频率高的特点，将被测量的变化放大了105~106倍，从而用普通的测量仪器达到了创记录的测量精度。
具体技术上：提出采用双谐振腔结构实现了仪器的自校准。一个谐振腔作为稳定腔，另一个谐振腔用于测量。这样通过锁相技术，就能实现仪器自身时延的稳定，保证了测量精度。
论文在以上两个方面取得的成果，为进一步的研究工作打下了良好的基础。
In this thesis, the research work are carried out mainly on the key technologies in twofields including ultra-large-capacity all optical multiple wavelength regeneration andhigh-precision absolute distance measurements over a long range based on twooptoelectronic oscillators.
In order to meet the increasing requirements on the current network transmissionrequirements, large-capacity transmission technology has become a hotspot of currentresearch. The corresponding all-optical regeneration is one of the key technologiesthat must be addressed. A study of large capacity multi-wavelength regeneration wascarried out in our research.
Systems: We have experimentally demonstrated capacity of160Gb/s (4×40Gb/s)and320Gb/s (2×160Gb/s) all-optical3R regeneration. Based on the results above,simultaneous all-optical2R regeneration of capacity of640Gb/s WDM-PDM signalsis achieved. This is the largest capacity all optical regeneration for multiple channelswhich has been reported.
Technology: The SBS can be suppressed by using degraded data signals as thepump in a FWM process. At the same time amplitude noise on both “0” and “1” levelscan be suppressed simultaneously very well, which is confirmed by bathtub curves.Bidirectional propagation in the fiber and polarization multiplexing are used to relievethe inter-channel interference among the four channels. A0.5bit slot time delaybetween the two co-propagating signals introduced by an optical delay line (ODL) canmitigate the inter-channel interference.
Theoretical methods: A new evaluation method of3R regeneration system isproposed. Using this method, the performance of regeneration systems can be showedcomprehensively. This new method will provide a basis of how to set regenerationsystems in network.
The measurement technique is the foundation of all science and technology.High-precision absolute distance measurement over a long range (from severalhundred meters to kilometers) is always a major technical challenge, which is studiedin this thesis based on the formerly achieved results of photonic microwave.
Systems research: The maximum error is1.5μm at the emulated~6km distance,including the drift error of about1μm in the air path due to the change in environmental conditions. The highest relative measurement precision of2.5×10-10can be achieved in our current system. This is the highest relative accuracy which hasbeen achieved on such a large range.
Technology: Traditional method tried to improve instrument resolution in orderto make the accuracy of the measurement better. Our scheme takes advantage ofaccumulative magnification theory, which makes the precision of the measureddistance significantly improved under the premise of the same accuracy of theinstrument. This method reduces the requirement on the device and enhances thetolerance of all interference.
Principle: The principle of distance measurement based on OEO is proposed thefirst time. Utilizing the OEO’s characteristic of long cavity, high spectral purity andhigh resonant frequency, the change of distance is magnified105~106times in anOEO system. In this way, measurement accuracy of the record can be achieved usingordinary equipment.
Technology: By using two OEOs, self-referencing can be achieved. One OEOserves as stabilization of the cavity length. The other is utilized to measure distance.The common optical path of the two OEOs is stabilized though a phase-locked loop(PLL) and the PZT, which can make sure of the accuracy of the measurement.
There are some results in this thesis on both all-optical multi-wavelengthregeneration and absolute distance measurement, which are a good foundation forfurther research work.
引文
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