以壳聚糖为模板原位聚合制备氧化还原活性水凝胶及其应用
摘要
通过简单地把壳聚糖/对苯二酚的酸性溶液暴露在空气中,我们合成了一种新型的氧化还原活性的水凝胶,该水凝胶是以聚对苯二酚(PHQ)作为聚合物氧化还原电对,以壳聚糖为基质的。体系中的PHQ是以空气中的氧气作为氧化剂,以壳聚糖为模板通过对苯二酚(HQ)的氧化聚合反应原位合成的。这是首次报道对苯二酚在酸性条件下的氧化聚合反应,也首次实现了对苯二酚的模板聚合。动力学研究表明,当壳聚糖/对苯二酚的摩尔比小于0.96时,聚合反应速率与壳聚糖浓度成正比,超过该点时,聚合反应速率随壳聚糖浓度的增大保持不变。该结果表明对苯二酚的模板聚合主要是遵循“选取”机理。另外,聚合反应对对苯二酚的级数为0.375,反应活化能为70.0kJ/mol。壳聚糖/对苯二酚溶液中,对苯二酚的氧化聚合反应使溶液凝胶化,凝胶化是由壳聚糖与聚对苯二酚的氢键作用物理交联引起的。随壳聚糖和对苯二酚浓度的增大以及温度升高,凝胶化时间缩短。电化学实验表明该水凝胶是氧化还原活性的,并且其氧化还原活性非常稳定。所以该原位形成的水凝胶在生物医药领域可以有很好的应用价值。
为了开发壳聚糖/PHQ水凝胶的潜在应用,以壳聚糖水凝胶为基质,PHQ为氧化还原电对合成了新型的氧化还原活性水凝胶薄膜。首先,通过壳聚糖与戊二醛的交联组装单组份壳聚糖层层自组装(LBL)膜。然后,用对苯二酚的酸性溶液处理壳聚糖LBL膜,从而在膜中引入氧化还原活性的PHQ。AFM的结果证实了PHQ的生成会引起膜的粗糙度和厚度的增加。实验结果表明在膜中的氧化聚合反应也是以氧气为氧化剂,壳聚糖为模板的。壳聚糖/PHQ膜的循环伏安曲线证明了引入PHQ后,壳聚糖膜转变成氧化还原活性的膜。该新型的氧化还原活性膜在电流型生物传感器方面有重要的应用价值。
邻苯二酚(CQ)也能以壳聚糖为模板,氧气作为氧化剂实现其氧化聚合反应。壳聚糖酸性溶液中,邻苯二酚的氧化聚合反应原位生成了聚邻苯二酚(PCQ),用UV和FTIR进行了表征。这是首次报道邻苯二酚的模板聚合。动力学研究表明：邻苯二酚的模板聚合是遵循“选取”机理,聚合反应对邻苯二酚的级数为0.537,反应活化能为39.35kJ/mol。PCQ与壳聚糖物理交联作用使溶液凝胶化,随壳聚糖和邻苯二酚浓度增大以及温度升高,凝胶化时间缩短。电化学实验证明该水凝胶是具有氧化还原活性的。该聚合反应的研究对废水处理有重要指导意义,聚合反应得到的氧化还原活性水凝胶在生物传感器方面也有潜在的应用价值。
A novel redox hydrogel was synthesized using poly(hydroquinone)(PHQ) as redox couple and chitosan as matrix by simple exposing the chitosan/HQ acidic solution to the air. PHQ was synthesized by the in-situ oxidative polymerization of HQ using chitosan as template and oxygen as oxidant. This is first report of the template oxidative polymerization of HQ. Kinetic studies show that:when the chitosan/hydroquinone molar ratio of is less than0.96, the polymerization rate increases linearly with increasing chitosan concentration, and beyond this point, the reaction rate keeps constant. The results indicate that the template polymerization of hydroquinone processes following the "Pick up" mechanism. And the order of the reaction for HQ is calculated as0.375, and the activation energy is70.0kJ/mol. The in situ polymerization of hydroquinone results in the gelation of aqueous solution which is caused by hydrogen-bond between hydroquinone and chitosan. With increasing chitosan and hydroquinone concentration as well as increasing temperature, the gelation time decreases. Electrochemical experiments show that the hydrogel is redox active. The hydrogel may be found applications in the biomedical field.
In order to exploit the potential applications of chitosan/PHQ hydrogel, a novel redox hydrogel film was synthesized using chitosan hydrogel as matrix and PHQ as redox couple. First, the single-component chitosan LBL film was fabricated uniformly and reproducibly by glutaraldehyde-mediated assembly of chitosan. Then, the chitosan film was treated with an acidic solution of hydroquinone to introduce PHQ. The introduced PHQ could result in the increased roughness and thickness of the film. It is proved that the oxygen is used as oxidant and chitosan is used as a template in the polymerization of HQ. Cyclic voltammetry data confirms that after the introduction of PHQ, chitosan film became redox-active. Therefore, the new redox-active film may be found the potential applications in amperometric biosensors.
The oxidative polymerization of catechol could also process using chitosan as template and oxygen as the oxidant, and the in-situ polymerization generated polycatechol (PCQ), which was characterized by UV and FTIR. This is the first report of the template polymerization of CQ. Kinetic studies shows:the template polymerization of catechol follows the "Pick up" mechanism, and the order of the polymerization reaction for catechol is0.537, and the activation energy is39.35kJ/mol. The physical crosslinking between PCQ and chitosan results in the gelation of the solution. With the increasing chitosan and catechol concentration and the increasing temperature, the gelation time decreased. The CV curves of chitosan/PCQ hydrogel is also redox active. The hydrogel may be found applications in the biomedical field, and the polymerization of CQ is useful for the wastewater disposal.
为了开发壳聚糖/PHQ水凝胶的潜在应用,以壳聚糖水凝胶为基质,PHQ为氧化还原电对合成了新型的氧化还原活性水凝胶薄膜。首先,通过壳聚糖与戊二醛的交联组装单组份壳聚糖层层自组装(LBL)膜。然后,用对苯二酚的酸性溶液处理壳聚糖LBL膜,从而在膜中引入氧化还原活性的PHQ。AFM的结果证实了PHQ的生成会引起膜的粗糙度和厚度的增加。实验结果表明在膜中的氧化聚合反应也是以氧气为氧化剂,壳聚糖为模板的。壳聚糖/PHQ膜的循环伏安曲线证明了引入PHQ后,壳聚糖膜转变成氧化还原活性的膜。该新型的氧化还原活性膜在电流型生物传感器方面有重要的应用价值。
邻苯二酚(CQ)也能以壳聚糖为模板,氧气作为氧化剂实现其氧化聚合反应。壳聚糖酸性溶液中,邻苯二酚的氧化聚合反应原位生成了聚邻苯二酚(PCQ),用UV和FTIR进行了表征。这是首次报道邻苯二酚的模板聚合。动力学研究表明：邻苯二酚的模板聚合是遵循“选取”机理,聚合反应对邻苯二酚的级数为0.537,反应活化能为39.35kJ/mol。PCQ与壳聚糖物理交联作用使溶液凝胶化,随壳聚糖和邻苯二酚浓度增大以及温度升高,凝胶化时间缩短。电化学实验证明该水凝胶是具有氧化还原活性的。该聚合反应的研究对废水处理有重要指导意义,聚合反应得到的氧化还原活性水凝胶在生物传感器方面也有潜在的应用价值。
A novel redox hydrogel was synthesized using poly(hydroquinone)(PHQ) as redox couple and chitosan as matrix by simple exposing the chitosan/HQ acidic solution to the air. PHQ was synthesized by the in-situ oxidative polymerization of HQ using chitosan as template and oxygen as oxidant. This is first report of the template oxidative polymerization of HQ. Kinetic studies show that:when the chitosan/hydroquinone molar ratio of is less than0.96, the polymerization rate increases linearly with increasing chitosan concentration, and beyond this point, the reaction rate keeps constant. The results indicate that the template polymerization of hydroquinone processes following the "Pick up" mechanism. And the order of the reaction for HQ is calculated as0.375, and the activation energy is70.0kJ/mol. The in situ polymerization of hydroquinone results in the gelation of aqueous solution which is caused by hydrogen-bond between hydroquinone and chitosan. With increasing chitosan and hydroquinone concentration as well as increasing temperature, the gelation time decreases. Electrochemical experiments show that the hydrogel is redox active. The hydrogel may be found applications in the biomedical field.
In order to exploit the potential applications of chitosan/PHQ hydrogel, a novel redox hydrogel film was synthesized using chitosan hydrogel as matrix and PHQ as redox couple. First, the single-component chitosan LBL film was fabricated uniformly and reproducibly by glutaraldehyde-mediated assembly of chitosan. Then, the chitosan film was treated with an acidic solution of hydroquinone to introduce PHQ. The introduced PHQ could result in the increased roughness and thickness of the film. It is proved that the oxygen is used as oxidant and chitosan is used as a template in the polymerization of HQ. Cyclic voltammetry data confirms that after the introduction of PHQ, chitosan film became redox-active. Therefore, the new redox-active film may be found the potential applications in amperometric biosensors.
The oxidative polymerization of catechol could also process using chitosan as template and oxygen as the oxidant, and the in-situ polymerization generated polycatechol (PCQ), which was characterized by UV and FTIR. This is the first report of the template polymerization of CQ. Kinetic studies shows:the template polymerization of catechol follows the "Pick up" mechanism, and the order of the polymerization reaction for catechol is0.537, and the activation energy is39.35kJ/mol. The physical crosslinking between PCQ and chitosan results in the gelation of the solution. With the increasing chitosan and catechol concentration and the increasing temperature, the gelation time decreased. The CV curves of chitosan/PCQ hydrogel is also redox active. The hydrogel may be found applications in the biomedical field, and the polymerization of CQ is useful for the wastewater disposal.
引文
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