师以下部队军医任职教育培养模式研究
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摘要
师以下部队军医是基层卫生干部队伍的重要组成部分，承担了战伤救治、疾病诊治、预防保健、心理服务和健康教育等最广泛的医疗和卫勤保障任务，对巩固和提高部队战斗力起到至关重要的作用。第十六次全军院校会议提出了要进一步健全以任职教育为主体的新型军事人才培养体系，改革专业技术干部任职教育制度，完善任职教育培训教学体系，全面提高任职教育人才培养质量效益。基于此背景，本研究针对师以下部队军医这一特定群体构建任职教育培养模式，力图建立起军医任职教育培训规范，解决当前基层部队卫生服务需求不断提高与基层军医能力素质相对低下、基层部队卫生机构职能不断拓展与基层军医队伍职业热情相对低迷、军医任职教育的无序性与基层军医个人发展的迫切性等矛盾问题。
本研究将师以下部队军医任职教育纳入到军队院校教育整体，从当前军队建设与发展面临的形势、任务和要求入手，采用文献分析法、比较研究法、问卷和现场调研法、德尔菲（Delphi）专家咨询法、专家深度访谈法和系统分析法，厘清职业生涯发展和任职教育的相关理论基础，界定军医职业生涯发展、军医职业生涯管理和军医任职教育等相关概念；总结归纳中美军官职业管理模式特点及中美军医任职教育培养模式特点，摸清师以下部队军医职业发展现状、任职教育现状、能力素质现状及主观需求期望；借鉴职业生涯发展相关理论，基于师以下部队军医职业发展视角，探索出师以下部队军医职业发展路径；遵循分层次、分模块、分阶段和顺次渐进的设计原则，着眼师以下部队军医职业发展构建了任职教育培养模式，将任职教育贯穿于师以下部队军医职业生涯的全过程，建立从军医任职初期到成长为高级军医整个历程的各级任职教育的培训体系，形成一条完整的军医职业发展链。
本研究构建的师以下部队军医任职教育培养模式，突出着眼职业发展、注重无缝衔接、强化医学特点、突出弹性模式和强调全程培训的构建理念，按照医疗专业技术职称发展路径将师以下部队军医职业生涯划分为初级军医阶段、中级军医阶段和高级军医阶段，对每一阶段应接受的任职教育培训专业进行了初步规范，并对每一阶段每一专业的承训单位、学制、培养目标、入学要求、教学内容、教学方法、考核评价和师资力量等要素内容逐一明确。在此基础上，结合军队卫生系统实际情况，针对师以下部队军医任职教育新培养模式的内涵要求，提出了一套操作性较强的实施策略。本研究成果能为有效解决基层部队军医知识技术更新问题提供有益方案，也能为总部进一步优化军医管理模式提供有益参考。研究成果将促进军医任职教育的规范化发展，增强基层部队军医的职业热情，减少其职业高原现象，有利于基层部队卫生机构吸引并留住优秀军医人才，为提高基层部队卫生服务水平奠定坚实基础。
The military surgeons in units from division are an important part of basic troophygiene cadres. They are assuming a wide range of medical treatments and health servicessuch as the battle wound treatment, disease diagnosis and treatment, prevention and healthcare, mental health services and health education. Military surgeons plays a crucial role inconsolidating and improving the army’s combat effectiveness. The16thPLA CollegeConference proposed to further regulate the new type of military talents training systemwith vocational education as the main body, reform the vocational education regulation forspecialist cadres, to improve the training system and promote the overall quality of talentstraining. Based on this, this tends to construct a new training mode specially designed forthe military surgeons in units from divisions. A vocational education training specificationfor military surgeons is expected to be established to reduce the conflicts between theincreasing demands for health service and the lower abilities of military surgeons in basictroops, between the increasingly expanded health institutions and comparatively decreasedpassion in basic troops and between the current military vocational education disorders andthe urgent needs for personal development of military surgeons in basic troops.
In this study, we take the vocational education training for the military surgeons inunits from division into the overall education in military academies. Considering the tasksand demands the military construction is facing, we use documents analysis, comparativestudy, questionnaire and field survey method, Delphi method, expert interview, and systemanalysis to clarify the related theory about career developing and vocational education andto define the concepts of career development of military surgeons, career management ofmilitary surgeons and vocational education for military surgeons. We’ve summarized thecharacteristics of the military officers’ career managing mode and the features of the vocational education training for the military surgeons in both China and the US. Andwe’ve gained knowledge of the reality of the military surgeons in units from division aswell as their capabilities and their expectations. We are trying to find a way for the careerdevelopment for the military surgeons in units from division, with the help of the existingtheories about career development. We design the vocational education mode according todifferent kind of levels, modules and stages, which keeps the vocational education trainingthroughout the career of military surgeons in units from division. Thus we can develop acomplete system and chain that helps a junior military surgeon to become a senior militarysurgeon all through.
Our study creates a special vocational education mode, which highlights the seamlesscareer development, the medical characteristics and elasticity throughout the training. Andwe divide the titles in units from division into junior, intermediate and senior militarysurgeons, with the vocational education training in each level specially regulatedpreliminarily, which points out the related school, major, goal, content, method, evaluationand the teaching requirement. In addition, this study also proposes some practical strategiesfor military surgeons’ new vocational education mode considering the reality of the healthsystem in units from division. This study tries to provide some beneficial solutions to theupdating of the medical techniques in the grassroots units. Meanwhile, this could providereference for the headquarters to optimize the management of military surgeons. Ifconducted smoothly, this study could help to build a standard for the vocational educationtraining for the military surgeons, inspiring the enthusiasm of the military surgeons in thegrassroots units and enhancing the attraction of the health institutions in the grassroots units,thus laying a solid foundation for the development of the health level in grassroots units.
本研究将师以下部队军医任职教育纳入到军队院校教育整体，从当前军队建设与发展面临的形势、任务和要求入手，采用文献分析法、比较研究法、问卷和现场调研法、德尔菲（Delphi）专家咨询法、专家深度访谈法和系统分析法，厘清职业生涯发展和任职教育的相关理论基础，界定军医职业生涯发展、军医职业生涯管理和军医任职教育等相关概念；总结归纳中美军官职业管理模式特点及中美军医任职教育培养模式特点，摸清师以下部队军医职业发展现状、任职教育现状、能力素质现状及主观需求期望；借鉴职业生涯发展相关理论，基于师以下部队军医职业发展视角，探索出师以下部队军医职业发展路径；遵循分层次、分模块、分阶段和顺次渐进的设计原则，着眼师以下部队军医职业发展构建了任职教育培养模式，将任职教育贯穿于师以下部队军医职业生涯的全过程，建立从军医任职初期到成长为高级军医整个历程的各级任职教育的培训体系，形成一条完整的军医职业发展链。
本研究构建的师以下部队军医任职教育培养模式，突出着眼职业发展、注重无缝衔接、强化医学特点、突出弹性模式和强调全程培训的构建理念，按照医疗专业技术职称发展路径将师以下部队军医职业生涯划分为初级军医阶段、中级军医阶段和高级军医阶段，对每一阶段应接受的任职教育培训专业进行了初步规范，并对每一阶段每一专业的承训单位、学制、培养目标、入学要求、教学内容、教学方法、考核评价和师资力量等要素内容逐一明确。在此基础上，结合军队卫生系统实际情况，针对师以下部队军医任职教育新培养模式的内涵要求，提出了一套操作性较强的实施策略。本研究成果能为有效解决基层部队军医知识技术更新问题提供有益方案，也能为总部进一步优化军医管理模式提供有益参考。研究成果将促进军医任职教育的规范化发展，增强基层部队军医的职业热情，减少其职业高原现象，有利于基层部队卫生机构吸引并留住优秀军医人才，为提高基层部队卫生服务水平奠定坚实基础。
The military surgeons in units from division are an important part of basic troophygiene cadres. They are assuming a wide range of medical treatments and health servicessuch as the battle wound treatment, disease diagnosis and treatment, prevention and healthcare, mental health services and health education. Military surgeons plays a crucial role inconsolidating and improving the army’s combat effectiveness. The16thPLA CollegeConference proposed to further regulate the new type of military talents training systemwith vocational education as the main body, reform the vocational education regulation forspecialist cadres, to improve the training system and promote the overall quality of talentstraining. Based on this, this tends to construct a new training mode specially designed forthe military surgeons in units from divisions. A vocational education training specificationfor military surgeons is expected to be established to reduce the conflicts between theincreasing demands for health service and the lower abilities of military surgeons in basictroops, between the increasingly expanded health institutions and comparatively decreasedpassion in basic troops and between the current military vocational education disorders andthe urgent needs for personal development of military surgeons in basic troops.
In this study, we take the vocational education training for the military surgeons inunits from division into the overall education in military academies. Considering the tasksand demands the military construction is facing, we use documents analysis, comparativestudy, questionnaire and field survey method, Delphi method, expert interview, and systemanalysis to clarify the related theory about career developing and vocational education andto define the concepts of career development of military surgeons, career management ofmilitary surgeons and vocational education for military surgeons. We’ve summarized thecharacteristics of the military officers’ career managing mode and the features of the vocational education training for the military surgeons in both China and the US. Andwe’ve gained knowledge of the reality of the military surgeons in units from division aswell as their capabilities and their expectations. We are trying to find a way for the careerdevelopment for the military surgeons in units from division, with the help of the existingtheories about career development. We design the vocational education mode according todifferent kind of levels, modules and stages, which keeps the vocational education trainingthroughout the career of military surgeons in units from division. Thus we can develop acomplete system and chain that helps a junior military surgeon to become a senior militarysurgeon all through.
Our study creates a special vocational education mode, which highlights the seamlesscareer development, the medical characteristics and elasticity throughout the training. Andwe divide the titles in units from division into junior, intermediate and senior militarysurgeons, with the vocational education training in each level specially regulatedpreliminarily, which points out the related school, major, goal, content, method, evaluationand the teaching requirement. In addition, this study also proposes some practical strategiesfor military surgeons’ new vocational education mode considering the reality of the healthsystem in units from division. This study tries to provide some beneficial solutions to theupdating of the medical techniques in the grassroots units. Meanwhile, this could providereference for the headquarters to optimize the management of military surgeons. Ifconducted smoothly, this study could help to build a standard for the vocational educationtraining for the military surgeons, inspiring the enthusiasm of the military surgeons in thegrassroots units and enhancing the attraction of the health institutions in the grassroots units,thus laying a solid foundation for the development of the health level in grassroots units.
引文
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